福建高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷附帶答案

第第頁福建高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷(附帶答案）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________一、閱讀理解My18-month-oldson,Adam,calledfromthefrontdoor.“Look,Mama!Doggie!”IdroppedwhatIwasdoingandstuckmyheadoutofthedoor.Brandy,ournext-doorneighbour’s11-year-olddog,wasoveragain.“Goaway!”Ishouted.Brandy’sownerhaddiedaboutamonthearlier.Thewoman’sfamilyhademptiedthehouseandstucka“ForSale”signinthefrontyard,butthefamilyhadleftoldBrandybehind.Forweeks,she’dbeenwanderingaroundtheneighbourhood.Itwasn’tthatIdislikeddogsoranythinglikethat.Ijustdidn’tthinkaboutthemverymuch.Ineverhadadoggrowingupandhadneverthoughttogetone.BrandywentawayandIstayedoutsidewithAdam.Thenthephonerang.Iwentinsidetotakethecall.WhenIcameback,Adamwasgone.Isearchedtheyard,frontandback,thenthebasketballcourtandpublicpool.Notraceofhim.IwassonervousthatIranhomeandcalledthepolice,thenmyhusband.Policesearchedtheneighbourhood.SuddenlyIheardanothersound:adogbarking.“It’scomingfromthewoods,”oneofmyneighbourssaid.Wefollowedthebarkingtoawoodedcliff(懸崖).Therewefoundmyson,andhewasjustinchesawayfromtheedgesofthecliff,fastasleep.Brandywasbesidehim,leaning(斜靠著)againsthimtokeephimawayfromtheedge(邊緣).WhenIpickedAdamup,Brandysankdownonherside,breathingquickly.ShemusthavebeenholdingAdamthereforhours!IthankedthepoliceandbroughtAdamandBrandybacktoourhouse.Shehesitatedamomentonourdoorstep,nodoubtrememberingthetimeI’ddrivenheraway.“Comeon,girl,”Isaid.“Thisisyourhomenow.”Brandysteppedinandonceshesawshewasreallywelcome,sherelaxedandlaydownonthefloorjustinsidethedoor.She’ddoneagreatthing,andIwonderedifsheknewit.She’dcertainlytouchedmeinawaythatnoanimaleverhad.WhatapityadoglikeBrandyhadbeenleftbehind!1．WhatisthecorrectorderfortheeventsinthestoryaboutBrandy?a.Shewasleftbehindbyherowner’sfamily.b.Shesteppedintothewoman’shouse.c.Sheappearedatthewoman’sfrontdoord.Shestayedbesidethewoman’ssonforhoursA．d,c,b,a B．a(chǎn),c,b,d C．c,d,b,a D．a(chǎn),c,d,b2．WhatdidtheauthordowhenshefirstsawBrandy?A．Shegavehersomefood. B．Shetookherhome.C．Shedroveheraway. D．Shesaidthankstoher.3．Howweretheyabletobeawarethattheauthor’ssonwasnearthecliff?A．Bysearchingtheneighbourhood. B．Byhearingadogbarking.C．Byfollowingadog’sfootsteps. D．Byhearingherson’scrying.4．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsBrandyattheendofthestory?A．Gratitude(thankfulness) B．Dislike.C．Pity. D．ColdnessAUniversityCollegeLondonstudylookedatcarusetoconcludethatcitieshavetobecomecar-freetosurvive.Simplyput,ifwedon'treducethenumberofcarsinourcitiesthentheywilljustcompletelyclogupandstopmoving.Thestudynotesthenumberofcarsisactuallyincreasingfasterthanthatofpeople.In2019,80millioncarswerebuiltwhilethepopulationincreasedby78million.Andthemassproductionofthosecarswasresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissions(排放),whichisbiggerthanaviation(航空)andthat'sbeforeyouevenfuelthemup.Thestudyauthorsconstructamathematicalmodel,andresidentschoosedrivingtheircarortakingpublictransportonthebasisofthetimeittakestodothetrip.“Allindividualsdecidetheircommuting(通勤)modetryingtoreducetheircosts,buttheresultistheoverallworst-casesituation,wheretheaveragecommutingtimeislongerandallpeopledecidetousetheircar.”writetheauthorsofthestudy.Besides,policymakerstendtoconstructevenmorecarinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andinvestevenmoreinprivatecars,whichthenencouragesmoreprivatevehicleuseandresultsinevenmoretrafficjams.Possiblesolutionshavetobeactivelyencouraged,withmoretraveloptions,pluslocalshopsandservices.Also,increasingthecostscouldbeachievedbyreducingthespacedevotedtocars,withmorepublictransportlanes,widersidewalks,andpedestrianroads,forexample.Dr.Humberto,oneauthorofthestudysaid:“Ifourgoalistohavemoreliveableanddevelopedcitiesthenwemusttakepartofthislandandgiveittoothermodesoftransportation:walking,cyclingandpublictransport.5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“clogup”?A．Turndown. B．Breakdown.C．Maketroubles. D．Getstuck.6．WhatcanweinferfromthenumbersinParagraph2?A．Thenumberofcarsislargerthanpopulation.B．CarproductioncreatesmoreCO2thanaviation.C．CO2emissionislargelyaffectedbycarproduction.D．GlobalCO2emissionismoreseriousthanexpected.7．Whatresultdostudyauthorsgetfromtheirmodel?A．Itishardforpeopletokeepabalance.B．Ittakesmoretimetodrivecarstowork.C．Morecarscanbeusedtosavetime.D．Drivingcarscankeepthecostdown.8．Whatcanbeapossiblewaytoreducecaruse?A．Buildingparkinglots. B．Savinglandforcars.C．Producinglesscars. D．Ridingabustowork.ScreenshotsofconversationswithOpenAI’slatestbot(網(wǎng)上機(jī)器人),ChatGPT,hasgoneviralonsocialmediarecently.ChatGPTisanAIchatbotsystemreleasedinNovembertoshowoffandtestwhataverylarge,powerfulAIsystemcanaccomplish.Thetoolletsyoutypequestionsusingnaturallanguagethatthechatbotanswersinconversational，ifsomewhatstilted(生硬的)language.Thebotwillrememberthethreadofyourdialogue,usingpreviousquestionsandanswerstoinformitsnextresponses,whicharederivedfromhugeamountofinformationontheInternet.ChatGPT’sexpertiseisbroad,andyoucanaskitcountlessquestions,likeexplainingphysics,askingforbirthdaypartyideasandgettingprogramminghelp,andoftenwillgetananswerthat’suseful.WhenIaskeditforwordsthatrhymedwith“purple,”itofferedafewsuggestions.WhenIfollowedup“Howaboutwithpink?”,itdidn’tmissabeat.It’sabigdeal.Thetoolseemsprettyknowledgeable:itcanbecreative,anditsanswerscansoundauthoritative.Afewdaysafteritslaunch,morethanamillionpeoplearetryingoutChatGPT.ButitscreatorwarnsthatChatGPT“mayoccasionallygenerateincorrectormisleadinginformation,”sobecareful.Ionceaskedittowriteapoem,anditdid,thoughIdon’tthinkanyliteratureexpertswouldbeimpressed.Ithenaskedittomakeitmoreexciting,andChatGPTpumpeditupwithwordslikebattlefield(戰(zhàn)場),adrenaline(腎上腺素),thunderandadventure.Here’sthecatch:ChatGPTdoesn’texactlyknowanything.It’sanAIthat’strainedtorecognizepatternsinvasttextharvestedfromtheInternet,andthenfurthertrainedwithhumanassistancetodelivermoreuseful,betterdialogue.ChatbotshavebeenofinterestforyearstocompanieslookingforwaystohelpcustomersgetwhattheyneedandtoAIresearcherstryingtotackletheTuringTest.PerhapsAIwillplayanintegralroleinsolvingtoday’slaborissues,andwhatwasonceafuturevisionismorepresentthaneverbefore.PerhapsChatGPTreallyiscapableofdisruptingtheworld’slargestsearchengine.Butuntilitcandrilldown(鉆研)thehumanaspectsofhowwecommunicateandinteract,andwebetterunderstandtherisksanddangerousimplicationsthataperfectcomputercanpresent,myattitudetowardsitremains9．WhatisNOTtrueaboutChatGPT?A．Peoplehaveshowngreatinterestintryingthebotout.B．Itcanunderstandquestionsraisedinnaturalhumanlanguage.C．Itwillupgradeandreplacethesearchenginewe’reusing.D．It’sanadvancedtechproductreleasedbyOpenAl.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4tellusaboutChatGPT?A．ItcanderiveanswerfromvastinformationontheInternet.B．Itcanrespondquicktothequestionraisedindialogue.C．Itmaynotbereliablewhenitcomestocomputerprogramming.D．Itmayfailyouifyouexpectittobeacreativewriter.11．Whatmightbethemissingwordinthelastsentence?A．favourable B．intolerantC．indifferent D．doubtful12．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ChatGPT:HowtoUsethisViralOpenAIChatbotB．ChatGPT:ACoolandAlarmingTechnowTrendingC．ChatGPT:Finally,anAIChatbotWorthTalkingtoD．ChatGPT:TesttheFutureofConversationNow二、七選五Todaywetakealookattheword“smart”.Ifsomeonesaysyouaresmart,whatdotheymean?Isitagoodthingorsomethingbad?13Thisisbecausetheword“smart”hasmanymeanings.Forexample,someonecouldsayyoulooksmartoraredressedsmartly.Thatmeanstheylikeyourphysicalappearanceorwhatyouarewearing.Butifsomethingsmarts,itcanbeunkindorhurtful,eitherphysicallyormentally.Ifyouaccidentallytripoverachairandfalldown,youmightshout,“Ow!Thatsmarts!”O(jiān)rifafriendsayssomethingthathurtsyourfeelings,youcansayyouaresmartingfromthehurtfulcomments.14Ifyouarestandingtooclosetoacampfire,youcouldsayyoureyesaresmartingfromthesmokeofthefire.Heretheword“smarting”meansfeelingasharppain.15Ifsomeoneissmartasawhip,theyareabletothinkveryquickly.16Somepeopleareconsideredstreetsmart.Theymaynothaveastrongeducation.Buttheyaregoodatdealingwithpeopleandproblemsintherealworld.Otherpeoplemightbebooksmart.Thismeanstheyhavespentmanyyearsinschool.Buttheymaynotbesosmartwhendealingwithpeopleorrealworldproblems.Andthenthereisadefinitionofsmartthatmeanstotalkorbehavedisrespectfully.Ifyousaysomethingdisrespectfultoyourparents,theymightsay,“Don’tgetsmartwithme!”Here,“smart”meansshowingalackofrespectbysayingsomethingunkind.Thisdefinitionofsmartcanalsobeusedasaverb.17A．Dotheyreallymeanyouaresmart?B．Theanswerisnotaseasyasyoumightthink.C．Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsbeingsmart.D．Infact,maybethatpersonisnolongeryourfriend.E．Butthemostcommonmeaningof“smart”istobeintelligent.F．However,differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofbeingsmart.G．Ifyousmartofftothewrongpeople,theycouldhityouintheface.三、完形填空Forhisentirelife,SergioPeraltadreamedaboutplayingcatch.Whenhewasborn,hisrighthanddidn’tfully18.Eversincehewasachild,hisclassmateshaveaskedabouthishand,andsomehaveeven19him.ComputerscienceteacherJeffWilkinsnoticedPeraltawastheonlystudentwho20hismousetotheleftsideofhiskeyboard.HethensawPeraltadidn’thavearighthand.WhenWilkins21Peraltaandhismotheraboutaprosthetichand(假手),theyexpressedinterestbutknewbuildingonecouldbe22forahighschoolclass.InearlyNovember,Wilkins23assignedthreeofhisstudentstotheproject.“Ididn’twanttogethis24up.I’dratherunder-promiseandover-deliverthanover-promiseandunder-deliveronsomethinglikethis,”Wilkinssaid.Thegroupdidsowhilekeepingtheir25asecret.Theymeasuredclassmates’handstocalculatePeralta’s26fit.Afterworkingforaboutaweek,thestudentsusedtheschool’s3Dprinterto27amodel.Studentssaidthey28Peraltawouldn’tlikeorusethehand,butassoonashe29themodel,hecouldbendhisfingers.ThenWilkinsthrewhimayellowrubberballagainandagain.Studentsyelledin30whenhefinallycaughttheball.Peraltasaidheonly31theprosthetichandwhenhesleeps.“Thisjustshowedmeadifferentwayto32thecommunity,”saidJaramillo,aseniorwhoinvolvedintheclassproject.18．A．raise B．develop C．change D．connect19．A．convinced B．defeated C．teased D．a(chǎn)dmired20．A．cycled B．reserved C．moved D．kicked21．A．a(chǎn)pproached B．promised C．observed D．a(chǎn)dvertised22．A．rewarding B．inspiring C．a(chǎn)pproving D．challenging23．A．randomly B．deliberately C．temporarily D．secretly24．A．fears B．hopes C．demands D．doubts25．A．a(chǎn)ttention B．memories C．progress D．conflicts26．A．typical B．ideal C．normal D．familiar27．A．create B．select C．deliver D．save28．A．remembered B．worried C．a(chǎn)rgued D．regretted29．A．turnedup B．searchedfor C．puton D．threwaway30．A．satisfaction B．excitement C．hesitation D．a(chǎn)nxiety31．A．removes B．returns C．researches D．replaces32．A．fit B．move C．view D．help四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PeruisacountryonthecentralwesterncoastofSouthAmericanfacingthePacificOcean,33consistsofthreeparts:narrow,dry,flatlandrunningalongthecoast,theAndesMountain,andtheAmazonrainforest.Spanishisthemain34(office)languageofPeru.ItisbecausePeru35(rule)bySpainfromthe16thcenturyto1821.Butbeforethat,PeruwasthecentreoftheancientIncaEmpire,and36(it)emperorlivedinwhatisnowknownasthesiteMachuPicchu.Peruisanamazingdestinationwithsomethingfortourists.Here37(be)twomagicaltours:AmazonRainforestTourandMachuPicchuTour.五、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞38．Usually,achild'sbehaviourcan________（反映）hisfamilyenvironment.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）39．Shenever________(抱怨),butsheisobviouslyexhausted.(根據(jù)漢語意思單詞拼寫)40．ThenonedayIhadtogothroughatwo-hourmedical________(治療).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)41．Weheardthesoundofan________(靠近)car.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)42．Energyisalwaysa________(全球性的)issueandcountriesneedtoworktogether.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）六、完成句子43．但是，說實話，整晚的煙花燃放聲真的有些令人煩躁。But,tobefrank,thefireworks________throughoutthenightwerereallyannoying.44．Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterally____________________withitsexceptionalbeauty.火車抵達(dá)后,她們乘坐出租車來到路易斯湖，那里湛藍(lán)的湖水異常美麗，令她們驚嘆不已。45．他在芝加哥創(chuàng)辦的“男孩女孩俱樂部”，從1996年至今一直在幫助年輕人。TheBoysandGirlsClub__________inChicago__________youngpeoplesince1996.46．我有什么理由坐在那兒什么都不做呢?我們都屬于人類大家庭，我們都有責(zé)任關(guān)心彼此的幸福。HowcouldI_______________anddoingnothing?Weareallhumansandweallhavearesponsibilitytolookafteroneanother’swelfare.47．Whennightfalls,manychildrenwould________________tolookscary,andthengotoneighbors’forcandies.當(dāng)夜幕降臨的時候，許多孩子裝扮成嚇人的樣子，去鄰居家里索要糖果。48．因其珍貴的羊毛，它們（藏羚羊）正遭受非法獵殺。They_________________,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur.49．只有學(xué)會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威脅。Onlywhenwelearntoexist__________________naturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.50．Shefeelshisneighbourisalwayslookingoutofhiswindows，________(暗中監(jiān)視）her.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）51．“通過改變自己來改變世界?！边@激起了我的動力?！癈hangetheworldbychangingyourself.”This________.52．他被這段音樂打動了，他說：“那種（興奮）感覺就如同第一次看見色彩一樣?！盡ovedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolor________________”.53．在接下來的三天里，你可以深入雨林欣賞雨林特有的動植物。Youcanspendthreedaysenjoyingtheplantsandanimals________therainforest.54．部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewho________andtoburythedead.55．從科學(xué)角度看，迫切需要研究北極，以了解氣候變化及其影響。Fromascientificpointofview,______________________________tostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.56．湯姆在聚精會神地做作業(yè)，你最好別去打擾他。Tomis__________________hishomework,soyou’dbetter_________him_________.57．（云南）除了是花的王國以外，還是許多少數(shù)民族的居住地。Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers,it__________________manyethnicminoritygroups.七、開放性作文58．第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）英語課上，你的老師要求你以MyFavoriteCornerintheSchool為題寫一篇短文，具體描述校園里你最喜歡的一角（如位置、景色等）。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.運(yùn)用感官描述，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。MyFavoriteCornerintheSchool___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________八、讀后續(xù)寫59．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AlexwasveryexcitedbecausetheNewYearEve’spartywascomingandasusualitwasgoingtobeheldinhisUnclePeter’shome.Suddenly,hesawhisgrandfathersittingalonelookingveryunhappy.Alexwenttohimandasked,“Grandpa,whyareyousittingalone?Isthereanythingwrongwithyou?”Hisgrandfatherreplied,“No,Iamfine.Ijustfeellikesittingalone.”“Grandpa,youknowtheNewYearpartyisnear,soareyoupreparingforit?”askedAlexexcitedly.“Nodear,Iamnot.Withthepassageoftime,theworldhascompletelychangedandIdon’tseeanypointincelebratingtheworldIseetoday,”answeredhisgrandpadisappointedly.“Iknowsomethingiswrongwithyouandyouarenottellingme.Pleasetellmewhattheproblemis.”Alexsaid.“IfeelIamastrangerintheworldIamlivingin.ItisnotthesameasIhaveknown.Noweveryoneisbusywiththeirownwork.Yourfatherisbusywithbusiness,yourbrotherisbusyonthecomputer,yoursistersarebusywatchingdramasandyourmumisbusywithhousework.Idon’tknowhowtopassmydays,”saidhisgrandfathersadly.“Grandpa,youhaveme!”saidAlex.Hisgrandfathersmiledandsaid,“Yeah,youarehere,butwhataboutothers?Inourdays,wehadafixed(固定的)timeeachdaywhenthewholefamilysattogetherandtalked,sharedproblemsandlaughedtogether.”ThatnightAlexthoughtaboutwhathisgrandfatherhadsaidandanideaflashedhismind.Hedecidedtohaveasurprise.NewYearpartyathisownhomeandmakeeveryonecometogetherthatday.AsNewYear’sEvegotnearer,Alexgotbusypreparingfortheparty.Hekeptitasecretfromhisgrandfatherandaskedeveryonenottolethimknowaboutitinordertosurprisehim.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式作答。ItwasDecember31andeveryonewasbusywiththeirownwork.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Alexsawhisgrandfatherlookingveryhappywhiletalkingwiththefamilymembers.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．D2．C3．B4．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是作者對流浪狗Brandy從最開始的嫌棄到最后的收留這一小故事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thewoman’sfamilyhademptiedthehouseandstucka“ForSale”signinthefrontyard,butthefamilyhadleftoldBrandybehind.(女人的家人們清空了她的房子并且在她的院子前樹了一塊寫有“出售”的牌子，但是她的家人把Brandy拋下了)”，第一段的“My18-month-oldson,Adam,calledfromthefrontdoor．“Look,Mama!Doggie!”IdroppedwhatIwasdoingandstuckmyheadoutthedoor．Brandy,ournext-doorneighbor’s11-year-olddog,wasoveragain.(我十八個月大的兒子，亞當(dāng)在前門呼喊著：“看！媽媽！小狗！”我扔下手中的事情，把頭伸出門外——我們旁邊的鄰居家的十一歲大的狗又一次的來到了我家門口)”，第五段的“WhenIpickedAdamup,Brandysankdownonherside,breathingquickly.ShemusthavebeenholdingAdamthereforhours!(當(dāng)我把Adam抱起來時，布朗迪一下子攤在了地上，呼吸地非常迅速。她肯定支持Adam了幾個小時)”和第七段“Brandysteppedinandonceshesawshewasreallywelcome,sherelaxedandlaydownonthefloorjustinsidethedoor.(Brandy走了進(jìn)來，她意識到自己是真的受到了歡迎，她立馬放松了下來并且在門口躺了下來)”可知，事件的正確順序是：Brandy被之前的主人拋下——出現(xiàn)在作者家門口——和作者的兒子待了幾個小時——踏進(jìn)作者家。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Brandy,ournext-doorneighbour’s11-year-olddog,wasoveragain.“Goaway!”Ishouted.(隔壁鄰居11歲的小狗Brandy又來了?！白唛_！”我喊道)”可知，作者第一次看到Brandy時將她趕走了。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“SuddenlyIheardanothersound:adogbarking.“It’scomingfromthewoods,”oneofmyneighbourssaid.Wefollowedthebarkingtoawoodedcliff(懸崖).Therewefoundmyson,andhewasjustinchesawayfromtheedgesofthecliff,fastasleep.(突然我聽到另一個聲音：一只狗在吠叫?！八鼇碜詷淞郑蔽业囊粋€鄰居說。我們跟著吠叫來到一個樹木繁茂的懸崖。在那里我們找到了我的兒子，他離懸崖邊只有幾英寸遠(yuǎn)，正在熟睡)”可知，作者和丈夫因為狗叫才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的兒子在懸崖邊上。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“She’ddoneagreatthing,andIwonderedifsheknewit.She’dcertainlytouchedmeinawaythatnoanimaleverhad.(她做了一件很棒的事，我想知道她是否知道。她肯定以一種動物從未有過的方式打動了我)”推知，作者很感激Brandy，因為她的提醒使得作者的兒子不會掉下懸崖。故選A。5．D6．B7．B8．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述人們?yōu)榱朔奖愀鼉A向于選擇開車出行，這樣反而導(dǎo)致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一個城市要長期可持續(xù)地發(fā)展就要改變目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、騎自行車出行。5．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“ifwedon’treducethenumberofcarsinourcitiesthentheywilljustcompletelyclogupandstopmoving.（如果不減少車的數(shù)量的話城市里的車會越來越多，導(dǎo)致交通完全clogup，以致無法行進(jìn)。）”可知，clogup和車數(shù)量多會造成交通擁堵相關(guān)。A.Turndown拒絕；BBreakdown.打破；C.Maketroubles.制造麻煩；D.Getstuck.堵塞。Getstuck與clogup“堵塞”同義，故選擇D項。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Andthemassproductionofthosecarswasresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissions(排放),whichisbiggerthanaviation(航空)andthat'sbeforeyouevenfuelthemup.（那些汽車的大量生產(chǎn)所帶來的CO?排放就占了全球總排放的4%，這比航空業(yè)帶來的排放量還多。那甚至還是在你給他們加油前。）”可知，汽車制造產(chǎn)生的CO?排放比航空業(yè)帶來的排放量還要多。故選擇B項。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Allindividualsdecidetheircommuting(通勤)modetryingtoreducetheircosts,buttheresultistheoverallworst-casesituation,wheretheaveragecommutingtimeislongerandallpeopledecidetousetheircar.（所有人選擇他們的通勤方式，試圖減少他們的出行成本，但是結(jié)果是總體上最壞的情況，所有人都決定使用他們的汽車，平均通勤時間更長）”可知，作者從他們的模型得出：所有人都開車上班，通勤時間會更長，故選擇B項。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifourgoalistohavemorelivableanddevelopedcities,thenwemusttakepartofthislandandgiveittoothermodesoftransportation:walking,cyclingandpublictransport.（如果我們的目標(biāo)是擁有更宜居和發(fā)達(dá)的城市，那么我們必須參與這片土地，并把它交給其他交通方式，步行、自行車和公共交通方式）”可知，選擇公共交通方式會使城市更好發(fā)展。故選擇D項。9．C10．D11．D12．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款人工智能聊天機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)——ChatGPT。介紹了它是如何工作的以及它的缺點(diǎn)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Thebotwillrememberthethreadofyourdialogue,usingpreviousquestionsandanswerstoinformitsnextresponses,whicharederivedfromhugeamountofinformationontheInternet.（機(jī)器人會記住你對話的線索，使用之前的問題和答案來告知它的下一個回答，這些回答來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的大量信息）”可知，ChatGPT是利用現(xiàn)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的大量信息，而不是升級并取代我們正在使用的搜索引擎。故選C項。10．句意猜測題。根據(jù)該段的第一句話“ButitscreatorwarnsthatChatGPT“mayoccasionallygenerateincorrectormisleadinginformation,”sobecareful.（但它的創(chuàng)建者警告說，ChatGPT‘可能偶爾會產(chǎn)生不正確或誤導(dǎo)性的信息’，所以要小心）”和作者提到的為了讓它寫的詩更刺激，它使用了‘battlefield,adrenaline,thunderandadventure’這樣的詞，很明顯，這些詞沒有什么關(guān)聯(lián)性和創(chuàng)造性。所以，你不能期待ChatGPT成為一個有創(chuàng)造性作家。故選D項。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的時間狀語從句“Butuntilitcandrilldown(鉆研)thehumanaspectsofhowwecommunicateandinteract,andwebetterunderstandtherisksanddangerousimplicationsthataperfectcomputercanpresent,…（但是，在它能夠深入鉆研我們?nèi)祟愂侨绾螠贤ê突拥?，以及我們更好地理解完美計算機(jī)可能帶來的風(fēng)險和危險影響之前，……）”可知，在作者提到的這些問題解決之前，作者對ChatGPT肯定是持懷疑的態(tài)度。故選D項。12．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一款人工智能聊天機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)——ChatGPT。介紹了它是如何工作的以及它的缺點(diǎn)。所以用B項“ChatGPT:現(xiàn)在流行的一種酷而令人擔(dān)憂的技術(shù)”作為本文的題目，與文章主題相符合。故選B項。13．B14．D15．E16．F17．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了“smart”這個詞的多種含義。13．根據(jù)上文“Isitagoodthingorsomethingbad?”（是好事還是壞事呢？）下文“Thisisbecausethewordsmarthasmanymeanings.”（這是因為聰明這個詞有很多意義）”可知，空處并非回答前文的問題，因此橫線處是一個過渡句，承上啟下，既沒有準(zhǔn)確回答前面的問題，又引出下文，即這個問題不好回答。選項B.“答案并不像你想象的那么簡單?！狈项}意，故選B。14．根據(jù)上文“Orifafriendsayssomethingthathurtsyourfeelings,youcansayyouaresmartingfromthehurtfulcomments.（或者，如果一個朋友說了一些傷害你感情的話，你可以說你是從有傷害的評論中變聰明的。）”可知，受了傷害變聰明后，下次可能不會給別人傷害自己的機(jī)會，即不與那人繼續(xù)做朋友。選項D.“事實上，也許那個人不再是你的朋友了。”符合題意，故選D。15．根據(jù)下句“Ifsomeoneissmartaswhip,theyareabletothinkveryquickly.（如果有人像鞭子一樣聰明，他們能夠很快思考）”可知，此段先介紹smart刺痛的含義，然后介紹聰明的含義，等同于intelligent。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選項E.“但是“smart”最常見的意思是聰明。”選項E中有轉(zhuǎn)折詞。故選E。16．根據(jù)下文“Somepeopleareconsideredstreetsmart.（有些人被認(rèn)為是街頭智者）”及“Otherpeoplemightbebooksmart.（其他人可能是書呆子。）”可知，此段介紹了不同的人有不同方式的聰明。選項F.“然而，不同的人有不同的聰明方式?！币隽讼挛牡膬煞N智者的方式，符合題意，故選F。17．根據(jù)上文““Don’tgetsmartwithme!”Here,“smart”meanstoshowalackofrespectbysayingsomethingunkind.Thisdefinitionofsmartcanalsobeusedasaverb.(“不要跟我耍聰明！”在這里，“聰明”意味著說一些不客氣的事實而表現(xiàn)出缺乏尊重。聰明的這個含義也可以用作一個動詞。)”可知，smart有自作聰明的意思，但自作聰明的結(jié)果往往是尷尬的，有可能聰明反被聰明誤，給自己帶來不快。選項G.“如果你對不恰當(dāng)?shù)娜藷o禮，他們可能會打你的臉?！?，短語：smartofftosb.“你對某人說出一些粗鄙的言論，顯得不敬”，承接上文，講述了自作聰明帶來的結(jié)果，該作動用法的詞為詞是且符合題意。故選G。18．B19．C20．C21．A22．D23．D24．B25．C26．B27．A28．B29．C30．B31．A32．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一群學(xué)生使用3D打印技術(shù)幫助右手殘疾的學(xué)生Peralta制作了假手，恢復(fù)了正常生活的故事。18．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他出生的時候，他的右手還沒有完全發(fā)育。A.raise舉起；B.develop發(fā)育；C.change改變；D.connect連接。根據(jù)下文“HethensawPeraltadidn’thavearighthand(然后他看到佩拉爾塔沒有右手)”可知，Peralta右手殘疾，由此推知他出生時右手沒有完全發(fā)育，故選B項。19．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從他小時候起，他的同學(xué)就一直問他的手，有些人甚至取笑他。A.convinced說服；B.defeated擊??；C.teased取笑；D.admired羨慕。根據(jù)上文“Eversincehewasachild,hisclassmateshaveaskedabouthishand”和even可知，Peralta右手殘疾，同學(xué)一直問他，甚至取笑他，故選C項。20．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：計算機(jī)科學(xué)老師杰夫·威爾金斯注意到Peralta是唯一一個把鼠標(biāo)移到鍵盤左側(cè)的學(xué)生。A.cycled循環(huán)；B.reserved預(yù)定；C.moved移動；D.kicked踢。根據(jù)下文“hismousetotheleftsideofhiskeyboard.”可知，鼠標(biāo)通常都是在鍵盤的右側(cè)，而Peralta沒有右手，他只能把鼠標(biāo)移動到鍵盤左側(cè)，故選C項。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)威爾金斯就假手一事與Peralta和他的母親接洽時，他們表示有興趣，但擔(dān)心制作假手對高中班的學(xué)生來說可能很有挑戰(zhàn)性。A.approached靠近；洽談；B.promised承諾；C.observed觀察；D.advertised宣傳。根據(jù)下文“Peraltaandhismotheraboutaprosthetichand(就假手一事與Peralta和他的母親……)”可知，威爾金斯是找Peralta和他的母親談假手一事，故選A項。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.rewarding值得的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.approving贊成的；D.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)下文“InearlyNovember,Wilkinssecretlyassignedthreeofhisstudentstotheproject(11月初，威爾金斯秘密指派他的三名學(xué)生參與該項目)”可知，威爾金斯讓他的學(xué)生參與制作假手的項目，對于高中生來說，這么一個項目是有挑戰(zhàn)性的，故選D項。23．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：11月初，威爾金斯秘密指派他的三名學(xué)生參與該項目。A.randomly隨機(jī)地；B.deliberately故意地；C.temporarily臨時地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)下文“Thegroupdidsowhilekeepingtheirprogressasecret(該小組這樣做的同時對他們的進(jìn)展保密)”可知，這項工作室秘密進(jìn)行的，故選D項。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想讓他抱太大希望。A.fears害怕；B.hopes希望；C.demands要求；D.doubts懷疑。根據(jù)下文“I’dratherunder-promiseandover-deliverthanover-promiseandunder-deliveronsomethinglikethis(我寧愿承諾不足、兌現(xiàn)過度，也不愿承諾過度、兌現(xiàn)不足)”可知，威爾金斯擔(dān)心承諾不足、兌現(xiàn)過度，不希望Peralta對此抱太大希望，故選B項。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該小組這樣做的同時對他們的進(jìn)展保密。A.attention注意；B.memories記憶；C.progress進(jìn)展；D.conflicts沖突。根據(jù)下文“Theymeasuredclassmates’handstocalculatePeralta’sidealfit(他們測量了同學(xué)的手，計算出Peralta塔的理想配合度)”可知，他們通過測量同學(xué)的手的方式計算出Peralta的合適尺寸，可推理出他們對工作的進(jìn)展情況保密，故選C項。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.typical典型的；B.ideal理想的；C.normal正常的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)上文“Theymeasuredclassmates’handstocalculate”可知他們通過測量同學(xué)的手的方式，進(jìn)行精確計算，目的是為了計算出Peralta的合適尺寸，故選B項。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在工作了大約一周后，學(xué)生們使用學(xué)校的3D打印機(jī)制作了一個模型。A.create制作；B.select選擇；C.deliver遞；送；D.save保存。根據(jù)上文“3Dprinter(3D打印機(jī))”以及下文“amodel(模型)”可推理出學(xué)生使用3D打印機(jī)制作模型，故選A項。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們說，他們擔(dān)心Peralta不會喜歡或使用這只手，但當(dāng)他戴上模型，他可以彎曲手指。A.remembered記得；B.worried擔(dān)心；C.argued爭吵；D.regretted后悔。根據(jù)下文“Peraltawouldn’tlikeorusethehand(Peralta不會喜歡或使用這只手)”可知，學(xué)生們擔(dān)心Peralta不會喜歡或使用這只手，故選B項。29．考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.turnedup出現(xiàn)；B.searchedfor尋找；C.puton戴上；D.threwaway扔掉。根據(jù)下文“hecouldbendhisfingers(他可以彎曲手指)”可推理