2022-2023學(xué)年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市重點中學(xué)高二（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市重點中學(xué)高二（下）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

ClimateChange：PlanetUnderPressure

Fromincreasinglyseverestormstodestroyedcoralreefs（珊瑚礁）tothedisplacementofSyriancitizens，inthiseBookweexaminetheeffectsofEarth'schangingclimateonweathersystems，ecosystemsandhumanbeingandwhatthismeansforourfuture.

AQuestionofTime

Istimeanillusion（幻覺）？Istimetravelpossible？Couldtimeend？InthiseBook，wetakealookatthefourthdimension，exploringthelatestthinkingonthenatureoftimeandthewaysitaffectsourphysicalandmentalworlds.

YourBrainintheSmartphoneAge

Accordingtorecentheadlines，today'sdevice-addictedteensprobablyhavesocially，emotionallyandcognitively（認知的）challenges.Reality，however，isnotsoclear.InthiseBook，we'vegatheredwhatsciencehastosayabouttheeffectsofsmartphonesandsocialmediauseonteenagers，aswellasitseffectsonthoughtprocessesandrelationshipsanditspotentialasatooltomonitormentalhealth.

AmazingAnimals

Theanimalkingdomisfullofhiddenstoriesofthemysteriousandfascinating，andinthiseBook，AmazingAnimals，wegatherresearchonanimalbehavior，includingsurprisingdiscoveriesofhowanimalsthinkandfeel.1.WecanknowfromthebookAQuestionofTimethat______.A.howtimecomes

B.howtimeaffectsourlives

C.howtimemakespeoplefeeldizzy

D.howtimeisdividedintofourdimensions2.Whichbookmaytellaboutinterestingcreatures？______A.ClimateChange.PlanetUnderPressure.

B.AQuestionofTime.

C.YourBrainintheSmartphoneAge.

D.AmazingAnimals.3.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon？______A.Theyaredesignedespeciallyforchildren.

B.Theyarewrittenbythesameauthor.

C.Theyareallaboutrecentscientificfindings.

D.Theyallcanbereadonanelectronicscreen.BIn1990，HalDonaldsonwas23yearsold，freshoutofcollegeandfoundhimselfinCalcutta，India，wherehewasaskedtointerviewMotherTeresa.

Donaldsonsaysaboutthegreatwomanfamedforfeedingthehungry，"Shewasn'twearingshoesandherankleswereswollen.Shesatdownwithmeandwasverypolite."Aftertheinterview，MotherTeresaaskedhim，"Whatareyoudoingtohelpthepoor？"Donaldsonadmittedthathewasyoungandwasn'tfocusedonhelpingothers.Withasmileonherface.MotherTeresasaid，"Everyonecandosomething."

ThosewordsdeeplystruckDonaldsonandforcedhimtofacesomehardtruthsabouthimself.

HalDonaldsongrewupintheSanFranciscoBayarea.Whenhewas12yearsold，hisparentswerehitbyadrunkdriver，hisfatherdied，andhismotherwasseriouslyinjured.Tomakeendsmeet，theywentonwelfare.Donaldsonsays，"Ihadholesinmyshoesandclothes.Whenyou'reteasedatschoolforthat，youjustwanttoescape."

Hemanagedtodojustthat.Donaldsongotintocollegeandturnedhisfocustomakingmoneyforhimself.Hesays."Iwasjusttryingtofindmywayoutofinsignificance.However，it'seasytooverlookothersalongtheway.Iwastheguythatwouldseeahomelesspersonandcrossthestreet，soIdidn'thavetoconfront（面對）him.Myfocuswasonclimbingtothetopinsteadofhelpingthosetryingtoclimbwithme."

DonaldsonreturnedhomefromIndiawithadifferentthought.HetraveledtoeightcitiesinAmericaandstayedonthestreetsandlistenedtostoriesofthehomeless."Myheartbroke，"hesays."IknewIcouldnolongerjustliveformyself."

InspiredbyMotherTeresa'swordsandthestorieshe'dheardacrossAmerica，Donaldsonloadedapickuptruckwith﹩300worthofgroceriesandhandedthemouttoanyonewhoneededhelp.In1994，Donaldsoncreatedthenonprofitorganization，ConvoyforHope，whichworkswithcommunitiesacrossAmericaandaroundtheworld.Theirworkfocusesonfeedingchildren，women'sempowerment，helpingfarmersanddisasterservices.4.Whatdid23-year-oldHalDonaldsondoinIndia？______A.HeinterviewedMotherTeresa.

B.HefedthehungrywithMotherTeresa.

C.Heattendedaninterviewforacollege.

D.Hedidsomethingtohelpthepoor.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutHalDonaldsonfromparagraph4？______A.Hewasbornwithdisability. B.Heledahardlifeasachild.

C.Hewaswelltreatedatschool. D.Hesurvivedasaparentlessboy.6.HowdoesHalDonaldsondescribehimselfincollege？______A.Self-centered. B.Sympathetic. C.Popular. D.Casual.7.HowdidHalDonaldsonchangeafterhereturnedhomefromIndia？______A.Hepreferredtravelingtovolunteering.

B.Hesuddenlyfellinlovewithjournalism.

C.Heturnedhisfocustolivingforhimself.

D.Hegraduallydevotedhimselftohelpingothers.CTherollingplainsoftheMaasaiMarainKenyaarehometoMaasaipeopleaswellassomemostrareanimalsontheearth.

WhenitbecameclearthatCOVID-19woulddestroythetourismindustryoftheMaasailivinginthebreathtakingNashulaiNatureConservancy，theyaskedAvaaz，awebsiteconnectinglocalpeople-poweredmovements，totryandorganizearesponsecallforhelp.

Asaresult，100，000peopleraisedmoneytohelppaytherangers'（護林人的）salaries，ensuringthatthetravelofNashulaielephantsremainedsafefrompoachers（偷獵者）.ThemoneywasalsoenoughtosecuremedicalsuppliesandfoodfortheMaasaicommunitytosurvivetheCOVID-19storm.

In2016，NelsonOleReiyiaandMargaretKoshalReiyiaplacedaprojectonAvaaztoturntheirhomeintoaNatureConservancy."Avaazers"aroundtheworldofferedhelpwithheartsandwalletstolaunchtheNashulaiMaasaiConservancy，toinnovativelyhelptheMaasaimaintaintheirtraditionalwayoflivinginaharmoniouswaywiththeland.

Theconservancybroughtoutsidemoneyintothecommunitythroughofferingtravelingandcamping，aswellasculturalhomestaysandotherevents.Peopletherealsogotaccesstobettereducationaswellasmorecomfortablelivingconditions.

TheMaasaiarefamouswarriors（戰(zhàn)士），andtheconservancybuiltapowerfulforceagainstpoachers.Professionalrangersandyoungwarriorscalled"moran"whoaretrainedinbushpractices，nowserveas"TheWarriorsforWildlifeProtection"，monitoringtheanimalpopulationsandprotectingagainpoaching.

COVID-19hasputmuchoftheconservancyindanger.Thetouristinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施），which90%ofalltheNashulaiMaasaidependonforincome，hascompletelyfallenapart.Thecommunitylibraryhasbeenrepurposedasastorehouseformedicalequipment.

"We'veworkedhardtocreatethisuniqueconservancy，andwewantittobethereforthepeopleintheirdeepestmomentofneed，"writesNelsonOleReiyiaontheNashulaiwebsite.8.WhatdidMaasaipeoplegetwiththehelpofAvaaz？______A.Plansforeducationreform. B.Somefinancialsupport.

C.Thewaytosetupawebsite. D.TipsonavoidingCOVID-19.9.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout？______A.Reasonsforlivingharmoniously.

B.Localpeople-poweredmovements.

C.BenefitsfromNatureConservancy.

D.Thegoodfutureoftheconservancy.10.WhatdoMaasai"warriors"donow？______A.Fightagainsttravelers. B.Gotobushpractices.

C.Protectlocalanimals. D.Ensurepeople'ssafety.11.WhatcanbeknownaboutMaasaipeople？______A.TheyhavesufferedalotfromCOVID-19.

B.Theyareeagertorestartfarmingeconomy.

C.Theyhavelostthetraditionalwayofliving.

D.Theyareunwillingtoworkaswarriorsagain.DFiveyearsago，F(xiàn)renchnavyofficerJeromeChardonwaslisteningtoaradioprogramaboutthejoumeyofthebar-tailedgodwit，abirdthatmigrates14，000kilometersbetweenNewZealandandAlaska.Chardonunderstoodhowtreacherousthejourneywouldbe，asheavystormsfrequentlyhitPacificislandcommunities.Yet，somehow，bar-tailedgodwitsroutinelypassthroughtheareauninjured.Chardonwonderedwhetherlearninghowbirdstraveledcouldhelpcoastalcommunitiesavoidnaturaldisasters.

ThispastJanuary，ateamfromFrance'sNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory（NMNH）beganexperimentsdesignedtotestChardon'sidea.ResearcherswithaprojectledbyFredericJiguetfromNMNHequipped56birdsoffivespecieswithcutting-edgeanimaltrackingtechnology.TheteammemberswereferriedtoremoteislandsinFrenchPolynesia，wheretheyattachedtags（標簽）usingtrackingtechnology.Thesetagssentthebirds'locationstotheInternationalSpaceStation，whichbouncedthedatabacktoscientistsonEarthwhocouldthenfollowthebirds——waitingtoseehowthebirdsrespondedtonaturaldisasters.

Theprojectisfocusingonbirds'abilitytohearinfrasound，thelow-frequencysoundhumanscannothearbutthattheresearchersbelieveisthemostlikelysignalbirdswouldusetosensestormsandtsunamis（海嘯）.Ina2014study，scientiststrackingakindofgolden-wingedbirdsinthecentralandsoutheastemAmericafoundthatthebirdsflewupto1，500kilometerstoescapefromanoutbreakoftornadoes（龍卷風）thatkilled35people.Thebirdsfledatleast24hoursbeforeanyextremeweatherhit，leavingthescientiststobelievethattheyhadheardthestormsystemfrommorethan400kilometersaway.

TheteamplansontagginghundredsmorebirdsacrossthePacifictoprepareforapotentialtsunami."Ithinkifthere'sonewavethatspreadsacrossislands，wecangetdatafromdifferentspeciesatdifferentlocations，"saysJiguet"Thatwillsayit'sworthcontinuingtotagandtodeveloplocalsystemstobetteranalyzethis.Therearechancesthatwewilldevelopabird-basedtsunamiearlywarningsystem."12.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword"treacherous"underlinedinparagraph1？______A.Strange. B.Boring. C.Frequent. D.Dangerous.13.Whatisthefunctionofthetags？______A.Trackingnaturaldisasters. B.Distinguishingbirdspecies.

C.Guidingresearcherstoislands. D.Reportingthebirds'locations.14.Whyisthe2014studymentionedinparagraph3？______A.Toproveanassumption. B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Topresentanewtopic. D.Tomakecomparisons.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.HowCanBirdsAvoidNaturalDisasters

B.CanBirdsWarnUsofNaturalDisasters

C.HowDoesaWarningSystemFunction

D.CanBirdsPlayaRoleinHumanResearch二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Motivationplaysaroleinalmosteverythingwedo.Fromgettingoutofbedinthemorningtodealingwithachoreorgoingafteranewroleatwork，it'sfinallythesenseofmotivationthatdrivesusfrombeginningtocompletionofanytaskthatlifethrowstous.(16).Theycancompletedailytaskswithoutasecondthoughtandremainefficientfrommorningtoevening.Others，however，maystruggletofindasenseofmotivationfordifferentreasons.Fortunately，hereareafewwaysyoucanintroducemotivationintoyourdailyroutine.

●Createattainablegoals.Feelingstressedbecauseofagoaloraprojectisnormal.Evenifthetaskisabigone，youcanbreakitdownintosmallgoalstoworkyourwaytothefinishline.Forexample，ifyouhaveadifficultprojectcomingup，don'twaituntilthelastminutetobegin.(17).Thiswillmakeyoufeelchallenged，whilealsoallowingyoutofeelasifyou'vecompleted

importantactivities.

●(18).Byrewardingyourselfonethingatatimeorattheendoftheday，youcanalsoteachyourselftobeamoremotivatedperson.Thisisabouttreatingyourselfforgoodwork!Everytimeyoucompleteatask，youknowyou'regoingtogetareward.Likewise，ifyoudon'tcompleteanytask，youwon'tgetareward.(19).

●Createpositivehabitsovertime.(20).Inordertomakemotivationapositivehabit，apersonneedstotryandstartcompletingactivitieseverysingleday.Ofcourse，itisfinetomissadayhereandtherebutthatshouldbedonecautiously.

A.Rewardyourself.

B.Assessrewardsfordifferentachievements.

C.Somepeoplefindmotivationeasytocomeby.

D.Instead，makealistofachievablegoalsforeachday.

E.Itusuallytakesaroundtwomonthstodevelopahabit.

F.So，overtime，youassociaterewardswithbeingmotivated.

G.Itisnotdifficulttodevelopapositivehabitrelatedtomotivation.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B.C、D四個選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。

JillVolarich，amomofthree，hasbeencrocheting（鉤針編織）eversinceshewasincollegecloseto30yearsnow.She（1）______it.

Crochetingmakesherrelaxed，butshedoesn'tdoitjustforthe（2）______ofit.Shehasfoundanincrediblewayto（3）______herpassiontogivebacktopeopleinherowncommunity."Crochetingisdefinitelymy（4）______，"Jillsaid."I'mfondofmakingthings.Ilovebeinga（5）______".WhatisimpressiveisthatJilldefinitely（6）______hercreations!Shehasdonatedmany，orrather，750items（7）______toorganizationsthatsupportpeople（8）______homelessness，childreninneed，andcancerpatients.She（9）______giveshercommunitysomeofhercrochetprojectstosellatsomeeventsto（10）______moneyforcharities.

Jilldoesn'tmindnotgettingany（11）______forhergenerosity.Infact，she（12）______itthatway!"SoI'vedonesomethingforsomeoneelse，theydon'tknowwhoIam，we'venever（13）______，andIfeelreallyhappyaboutbeinganonymous（匿名的），"Jillsaid.Jilldidgetgreatpublicitywhensh（14）______herstoryinaTVprogram!We'resogladshedid；（15）______，fewerpeoplewouldknowabouthowsheusesherfreetimetohelpothers.21.

A.needs B.loves C.designs D.protects22.

A.time B.fun C.business D.money23.

A.use B.form C.gather D.trust24.

A.memory B.dream C.hobby D.attitude25.

A.pioneer B.conductor C.collector D.creator26.

A.givesaway B.liveson C.searchesfor D.putsaside27.

A.inbrief B.inadvance C.intotal D.inturn28.

A.witnessing B.recording C.describing D.experiencing29.

A.just B.still C.also D.thus30.

A.spend B.raise C.withdraw D.save31.

A.recognition B.confirmation C.information D.permission32.

A.possesses B.pretends C.receives D.prefers33.

A.challenged B.debated C.met D.commented.34.

A.found B.shared C.developed D.exchanged35.

A.instead B.besides C.somehow D.otherwise四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Sailingsolo（單獨）acrosstheworld'slargestoceanonceisenoughofan（1）______（achieve）.But83-year-oldJapaneseoceanadventurerKenichiHoriehasdoneitmultiple（2）______（time）.

OnSaturday，June4，2022，hesetarecordbybecomingtheworld'soldestsolosailor（3）______（sail）non-stopacrossthePacificOcean.

（4）______（safety）andsound，HoriearrivedinthewatersofftheKiiPeninsulainwesternJapanat2：39a.m.localtime，afterspendingmorethantwomonths（5）______（cross）theworld'slargestbodywater.

"Don'tletyourdreamsjuststayasdreams.Haveagoalandworktowardsachievingthis，（6）______abeautifullifeiswaitingforyou."HoriesaidoverasatellitephoneashemadehiswayfromShikokuIslandtowardsWakayama，（7）______finallegofhislongjourney.

Horiesetsailonhis990kgand19-footlongsailboat--theSuntoryMermaidIIIfromSanFrancisco，California，onMarch27.

Hesaidsomepartsofhejourney（8）______（be）challenging，buthecheckedinwithhisfamilyeverydaybycallingthemonhissatellitephone，（9）______putthematease."IfIdidn'tcallatleastonceadaythey'dworry，"headded.

HoriemadenoportcallsduringhistripandwasspottedofHawaii'sOahuIslandonApril16.He（10）______（successful）arrivedinCapeHinomisakiinwesternJapanonJune4.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.你原計劃今天和好朋友一起去參觀中國書畫藝術(shù)展（ChinesePaintingandCalligraphyShow），但因故未能前往。請寫一篇英文日記，內(nèi)容包括：

1.原定計劃；

2.闡述不能去的原因。

注意：詞數(shù)100左右。38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

AFaithfulFriendNeillovestotravelandhewassofondofforests.Wheneverheplansforaholiday,hewouldchooseaplacethatisblessedbyMotherNature.Tocelebratehisson'ssecondbirthday,hedecidedtostayandenjoythecelebrationinwoods,locatedatthelapofamountain.Hewithhisfamilyandfriends,reachedthevillagelocatednearthewoodsandhadhisstayinthecottage.Thecottagewaslocatedattheentranceofthedenseforest,wheretheguestscanseewolveswanderinginthenearbyplace.

Neil'ssonsawadogatthedoorandofferedhimabiscuit.Thedogwashappyandverysoonthelittlesonbefriendedthedog.Onsecondday,thebirthdayoftheboywascelebratedgrandlyinthewoodswithinbeautifulnature.Thedogdidnotleavetheboyevenforaminuteandtheybothbecameclosefriends.

Thenextday,Neil,hiswifeandothersdecidedtogoforhuntingintheforestandarrangedforababysittertotakecareofthelittleboyforhalfaday.

After3hours,allofthemreturnedtothecottageandtheyseemedverytired.Thecottagewasopenandnobodywasthere.ThedogsawNeilandothers,itrushedtothemandlicked（舔）Neil'sshoes.Neil'swifewasshockedtoseethebloodstraininthedog'smouth.

注意：

1．續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2．請按如下格式作答。

Everyonewasshockedtoseetheblood-spattered（濺、灑、潑）mouth.______

Hearingthenoisefromthedog,thebabysitterrushedoutoftheroom.______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、D、D【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)A

Question

of

Time中InthiseBook，wetakealookatthefourthdimension，exploringthelatestthinkingonthenatureoftimeandthewaysitaffectsourphysicalandmentalworlds.（在這本電子書中，我們來看看第四維度，探索關(guān)于時間本質(zhì)的最新思想，以及它如何影響我們的身體和精神世界。）可知，我們可以從《時間問題》這本電子書中知道時間是如何影響我們的生活的。故選B。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Amazing

Animals中的Theanimalkingdomisfullofhiddenstoriesofthemysteriousandfascinating，andinthiseBook，AmazingAnimals，wegatherresearchonanimalbehavior，includingsurprisingdiscoveriesofhowanimalsthinkandfeel.（動物王國充滿了神秘而迷人的隱藏故事，在這本電子書《神奇的動物》中，我們收集了關(guān)于動物行為的研究，包括動物如何思考和感受的驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，《神奇的動物》講述了有趣的生物。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Climate

Change：Planet

Under

Pressure中的Fromincreasinglyseverestormstodestroyedcoralreefs（珊瑚礁）tothedisplacementofSyriancitizens，inthiseBookweexaminetheeffectsofEarth'schangingclimateonweathersystems，ecosystemsandhumanbeingandwhatthismeansforourfuture.（從日益嚴重的風暴到被破壞的珊瑚礁，再到敘利亞公民的流離失所，在這本電子書中，我們研究了地球氣候變化對天氣系統(tǒng)、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類的影響，以及這對我們的未來意味著什么）、A

Question

of

Time中的InthiseBook，wetakealookatthefourthdimension，exploringthelatestthinkingonthenatureoftimeandthewaysitaffectsourphysicalandmentalworlds.（在這本電子書中，我們來看看第四維度，探索關(guān)于時間本質(zhì)的最新思想，以及它如何影響我們的身體和精神世界）、Your

Brain

in

the

Smartphone

Age中的InthiseBook，we'vegatheredwhatsciencehastosayabouttheeffectsofsmartphonesandsocialmediauseonteenagers，aswellasitseffectsonthoughtprocessesandrelationshipsanditspotentialasatooltomonitormentalhealth.（在這本電子書中，我們收集了科學(xué)對智能手機和社交媒體使用對青少年的影響的看法，以及它對思維過程和人際關(guān)系的影響，以及它作為監(jiān)測心理健康工具的潛力。）和Amazing

Animals中的Theanimalkingdomisfullofhiddenstoriesofthemysteriousandfascinating，andinthiseBook，AmazingAnimals，wegatherresearchonanimalbehavior，includingsurprisingdiscoveriesofhowanimalsthinkandfeel.（動物王國充滿了神秘而迷人的隱藏故事，在這本電子書《神奇的動物》中，我們收集了關(guān)于動物行為的研究，包括動物如何思考和感受的驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，這四本書共同點是它們都可以在電子屏幕上閱讀。故選D。

這段短文主要介紹了四本電子書的主題。第一本書討論了氣候變化對天氣系統(tǒng)、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類的影響。第二本書探討了時間的本質(zhì)以及它對我們的物理和心理世界的影響。第三本書討論了智能手機和社交媒體對青少年的影響，以及它們在思維過程、人際關(guān)系和心理健康監(jiān)測方面的潛力。第四本書收集了關(guān)于動物行為的研究，包括關(guān)于動物思維和感受的驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】A、B、A、D【解析】（1）A．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"In1990，HalDonaldsonwas23yearsold，freshoutofcollegeandfoundhimselfinCalcutta，India，wherehewasaskedtointerviewMotherTeresa.（1990年，23歲的HalDonaldson，剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，來到印度加爾各答，在那里他被要求采訪MotherTeresa）"可知，23歲的HalDonaldson在印度采訪了MotherTeresa。故選A。

（2）B．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Whenhewas12yearsold，hisparentswerehitbyadrunkdriver；hisfatherdied，andhismotherwasseriouslyinjured.Tomakeendsmeet，theywentonwelfare.（12歲時，他的父母被酒后駕車的司機撞了；他的父親去世了，他的母親受了重傷。為了收支相抵，他們靠救濟生活）"可推斷，童年時期的HalDonaldson過著艱難的生活。故選B。

（3）A．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Iwasjusttryingtofindmywayoutofinsignificance.However，it'seasytooverlookothersalongtheway.Iwastheguythatwouldseeahomelesspersonandcrossthestreet，soIdidn'thavetoconfront（面對）him.Myfocuswasonclimbingtothetopinsteadofhelpingthosetryingtoclimbwithme.（我只是想擺脫自己的卑微。然而，在這個過程中很容易忽略其他人。我是那種看到無家可歸的人就會過馬路的人，所以我不用去面對他。我的注意力集中在攀登頂峰上，而不是幫助那些試圖和我一起攀登的人）"可推斷，大學(xué)時期的HalDonaldson只關(guān)注如何改善自己的生活，是一個以自我為中心的人。A.Self-centered以自我為中心；B.Sympathetic同情的；C.Popular受歡迎；D.Casual.休閑的。故選A。

（4）D．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"DonaldsonreturnedhomefromIndiawithadifferentthought.HetraveledtoeightcitiesinAmericaandstayedonthestreetsandlistenedtostoriesofthehomeless.（Donaldson從印度回到家后，想法轉(zhuǎn)變了。他在美國去八個城市旅行了，待在街道上，傾聽那些無家可歸人們的故事）"和最后一段"InspiredbyMotherTeresa'swordsandthestorieshe'dheardacrossAmerica.Donaldsonloadedapick-uptruckwith＄300worthofgroceriesandhandedthemouttoanyonewhoneededhelp.In1994，Donaldsoncreatedthenonprofitorganization，ConvoyforHope，whichworkswithcommunitiesacrossAmericaandaroundtheworld.（MotherTeresa的話語和他在美國各地聽到的故事激勵了他。Donaldson把價值300美元的食品雜貨裝上一輛小貨車，分發(fā)給任何需要幫助的人。1994年，Donaldson創(chuàng)立了非營利組織"希望車隊"，與美國和世界各地的社區(qū)合作）"可推斷，HalDonaldson從印度回家以后開始關(guān)注別人的生活并逐漸致力于幫助別人。故選D。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從小生活艱苦的HalDonaldson在努力改善生活條件的時候忽視了身邊的人，而他與MotherTeresa的一次交流觸動了他，他開始關(guān)注那些需要幫助的人并逐漸致力于幫助他人。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

8~11.【答案】B、C、C、A【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Asaresult，100，000peopleraisedmoneytohelppaytherangers'（護林人的）salaries，ensuringthatthetravelofNashulaielephantsremainedsafefrompoachers（偷獵者）.（結(jié)果，10萬人籌集了資金來幫助支付護林員的工資，確保納舒萊大象的旅行免受偷獵者的侵害）可知，他們得到了一些資金支持。故選B項。

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段Theconservancybroughtoutsidemoneyintothecommunitythroughofferingtravelingandcamping，aswellasculturalhomestaysandotherevents.Peopletherealsogotaccesstobettereducationaswellasmorecomfortablelivingconditions.（保護協(xié)會通過提供旅游和露營，以及文化寄宿和其他活動，將外部資金引入社區(qū)。那里的人們也獲得了更好的教育和更舒適的生活條件）可知，他們從自然保護協(xié)會獲得了很多好處。故選C項。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段Professionalrangersandyoungwarriorscalled"moran"whoaretrainedinbushpractices，nowserveas"TheWarriorsforWildlifeProtection"，monitoringtheanimalpopulationsandprotectingagainstpoaching.（專業(yè)的護林員和被稱為"moran"的年輕戰(zhàn)士接受過叢林實踐的訓(xùn)練，現(xiàn)在擔任"野生動物保護勇士"的角色，監(jiān)測動物數(shù)量，防止偷獵。）可知，他們現(xiàn)在正在保護野生動物。故選C項。

（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段COVID-19hasputmuchoftheconservancyindanger.（2019冠狀病毒病使許多保護區(qū)處于危險之中）可知，新冠給他們帶來了災(zāi)難。故選A項。

這篇短文主要講述了肯尼亞馬賽馬拉的納舒萊自然保護區(qū)的馬賽人面臨新冠疫情對旅游業(yè)的破壞，他們通過Avaaz網(wǎng)站發(fā)起呼吁籌款活動，得到了10萬人的支持，用于支付護林員的工資，保護納舒萊大象免受偷獵者的侵害，并為馬賽社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療物資和食品。納舒萊自然保護區(qū)通過旅游和露營等方式吸引外界資金，改善了當?shù)厝说纳顥l件和教育水平。保護區(qū)組建了專業(yè)護林隊伍和年輕的戰(zhàn)士，共同保護野生動物免受偷獵的威脅。然而，新冠疫情給保護區(qū)帶來了巨大的危機，旅游業(yè)完全崩潰，社區(qū)圖書館也被改造成醫(yī)療設(shè)備倉庫。納舒萊的創(chuàng)始人表示希望保護區(qū)能在人們最需要的時候為他們提供幫助。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】D、D、A、B【解析】（1）猜測詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段Chardon

understood

how

treacherous

the

journey

would

be，as

heavy

storms

frequently

hit

Pacific

island

communities（Chardon知道旅途會有多危險，因為太平洋島嶼社區(qū)經(jīng)常會遭受暴雨襲擊）可知treacherous的意思是"危險的"。A.Strange.奇怪的；B.Boring.令人乏味的；C.Frequent.貧乏的；D.Dangerous.危險的。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段These

tags

sent

the

birds'

locations

to

the

International

Space

Station，which

bounced

the

data

back

to

scientists

on

Earth

who

could

then

follow

the

birds—waiting

to

see

how

the

birds

responded

to

natural

disasters.（這些標簽將這些鳥的位置發(fā)送給國際空間站，國際空間站將數(shù)據(jù)反饋給地球上的科學(xué)家，然后他們可以跟蹤這些鳥，觀察它們對自然災(zāi)害的反應(yīng)。）可知，研究人員使用的標簽有追蹤系統(tǒng)，該標簽會報告被追蹤的鳥的位置。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段...the

researchers

believe

is

the

most

likely

signal

birds

would

use

to

sense

storms

and

tsunamis

（海嘯）.（研究人員認為這是鳥類用來感知風暴和海嘯的最有可能的信號）及...leaving

the

scientists

to

believe

that

they

had

heard

the

storm

system

from

more

than

400

kilometers

away.（這讓科學(xué)家們相信他們聽到了400多公里外的風暴系統(tǒng)。）可推斷，文中提到2014年的一個研究是為了證明研究人員的猜想鳥類很可能會利用次聲提前感知風暴和海嘯，從而它們可以躲避這些自然災(zāi)害。故選A。

（4）標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是文章第一段Chardon

wondered

whether

learning

how

birds

traveled

could

help

coastal

communities

avoid

natural

disasters.（Chardon想知道了解鳥類如何遷徙是否可以幫助沿海社區(qū)避免自然災(zāi)害。）可知，本文主要在探究鳥類是否能在自然災(zāi)害來臨之前給予我們一些警示。因此本文的最佳標題是B.Can

Birds

Warn

Us

of

Natural

Disasters（鳥類能警告我們自然災(zāi)害）。故選B。

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了法國國家自然歷史博物館的一個團隊進行的一項實驗，他們通過對鳥類進行追蹤研究，希望借鑒鳥類的遷徙方式來幫助沿海社區(qū)避免自然災(zāi)害。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

16~20.【答案】C、D、A、F、E【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文They

can

complete

daily

tasks

without

a

second

thought

and

remain

efficient

from

morning

to

evening.Others，however，may

struggle

to

find

a

sense

of

motivation

for

different

reasons（他們能不加思索地完成日常任務(wù)，從早到晚保持高效。然而，其他人可能由于各種原因要努力去找到一種動機意識），可推知C項Some

people

find

motivation

easy

to

come

by（有些人認為動力很容易得到）符合說一些有明確的動機的人的語境。Some

people和Others是關(guān)聯(lián)詞，故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)主題句Create

attainable

goals（設(shè)立可實現(xiàn)的目標）；以及前句For

example，if

you

have

a

difficult

project

coming

up，don't

wait

until

the

last

minute

to

begin（例如，你有一個困難的項目出現(xiàn)了，不要等到最后一刻才開始）；及后句This

will

make

you

feel

challenged，while

also

allowing

you

to

feel

as

if

you've

completed

important

activities（這會讓你感到有挑戰(zhàn)性，讓你感覺好像你已經(jīng)完成了重要的活動），可知D項Instead，make

a

list

of

achievable

goals

for

each

day（相反，每一天列一個可以實現(xiàn)的目標清單）符合前后的語境，作者建議要設(shè)立可實現(xiàn)的目標，因為這會讓你覺得有意義，故選D。

（3）主題判斷題?？崭裉幵谛祟}的位置，因此根據(jù)第二段和第四段小標題都是祈使句，可將答案鎖定在A項和B項。再根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容，尤其是關(guān)鍵詞rewarding

yourself和get

a

reward，可知A項Reward

yourself（獎勵自己）符合本段的主題。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句By

rewarding

yourself

one

thing

at

a

time

or

at

the

end

of

the

day，you

can

also

teach

yourself

to

be

a

more

motivated

person（通過每次或在一天結(jié)束時獎勵自己一件事，你也可以教會自己成為一個更有動力的人）和Every

time

you

complete

a

task，you

know

you're

going

to

get

a

reward.Likewise，if

you

don't

complete

any

task，you

won't

get

a

reward（每一次，你完成任務(wù)，你知道你將得到獎勵。相反，如果你不能完成任何任務(wù)，你就不會得到獎勵），可知F項So，over

time，you

associate

rewards

with

being

motivated（那么隨著時間的推移，你會把獎勵和動力聯(lián)系在一起）符合前后說明獎勵能讓自己有動力的語境。故選F。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)主題句Create

positive

habits

over

time（逐步養(yǎng)成積極的習慣）；以及后句In

order

to

make

motivation

a

positive

habit，a

person

needs

to

try

and

start

completing

activities

every

single

day（為了使動機成為一種積極的習慣，一個人需要努力先完成每天的任務(wù)），可知E項It

usually

takes

around

two

months

to

develop

a

habit（養(yǎng)成一種習慣通常需要兩個月左右）符合前后介紹養(yǎng)成積極的習慣需要時間逐步形成的語境。故選E。

本文是一篇說明文。作者介紹了培養(yǎng)做事的動力的方法。

這是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】B、B、A、C、D、A、C、D、C、B、A、D、C、B、D【解析】（1）考查動詞及語境理解。A.needs需要；B.loves喜歡；C.designs設(shè)計；D.protects保護。句意：她喜歡它。根據(jù)上文"JillVolarich，amomofthree，hasbeencrocheting（鉤針編織）eversinceshewasincollege—closeto30yearsnow."可知，她喜歡編織。故選B。

（2）考查名詞及