dl ospf協(xié)議實驗指導(dǎo)書issue

目錄實驗說 實驗說 版本介 實驗?zāi)?實驗任 相關(guān)資 第4章OSPFDR/BDR實驗指 本實驗指導(dǎo)書本主要介紹了OSPF協(xié)議的各基本業(yè)務(wù)的配置方法及配置流程，OSPFOSPF各基本3.30RLEASE340RLEASE0108VRP5.10，RELEASE0039DR/BDRVRP3.30VRP3.30VRP3.40VRP3.40VRP5.10VRP5.10第1OSPF圖1-RTA,RTB,RTCRTDOSPF，并且同屬于同Area0表1-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-啟動OSPF，進入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id進入OSPFVRPVRPareaarea-VRPareaarea-在指定網(wǎng)段運行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-Router圖1- Router地址來作為RouterID RTB10.1.1.0192.2.2.0。 [RTA]-a1.1.1.13.3.3.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=29msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=29msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=29msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=28msReplyfrom3.3.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=28ms---3.3.3.3statistics--5packet(s)5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=28/28/29 通過disyiprouting-table查看路由表[RTA]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00200000000000000[RTB]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet20000000000000000[RTC]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00200000000000000[RTD]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet20000000000000000OSPF學(xué)習(xí)到其它的路由信息，為網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供了連通 通過disyospfrouting查看OSPF的路由表[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterIDRoutingRoutingforCostType1Net1563Stub2Stub1Stub1562Stub1563Net1563Stub1564StubTotalNets:IntraArea:8InterArea:0ASE:0NSSA: 通過disyospflsdb查看鏈路狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkState000000000000000000OSPFLSA來描述一個區(qū)域的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲情況。這里需要注意的是數(shù)據(jù)庫的類型（Type）里的每種類型分別都代表著OSPF里的不同類型的LSA，下面列出常見的LAS：Stub：連接到一個末梢網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路由器LSA。（注：這里的末梢網(wǎng)絡(luò)指的是邊Stub區(qū)域并不是同一個概念。）RtrLSANetLSASnet：網(wǎng)絡(luò)匯總LSAASBLSAASELSANSSA：NSSA外部LSA 通過disyospfbrief命令查看OSPF的總結(jié)信息[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1OSPFProtocolInformationRouterID:Routingpreference:Inter/Intra:10External:DefaultASEparameters:Metric:1Tag:1Type:2SPFcomputationcount:10AreaCount: NssaAreaCount:AreaAuthtype:none Flags:<>SPFscheduled:<>Interface:10.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0)Cost:1State:DR Type:BroadcastPriority:1DesignatedRouter:BackupDesignatedRouter:Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:192.1.1.1(Serial2/0)-->192.1.1.2Cost:1562State:PtoPType:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:1.1.1.1(LoopBack0)-->1.1.1.1Cost:1State:PtoP Type:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay查看除路由信息外的所有OSPF相關(guān)信息都可以通過disyospfbrief來查看，如：鄰居信息、網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型、DR/BDR、o時間等。是查錯比較常用的Q：在OSPF中鄰居關(guān)系指什么？QOSPF中鄰接關(guān)系指什么？A：P2P，P2MP，NBMABroadcastNBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)里需要手動來Q：當前的組網(wǎng)圖里是否存在著等價路由？VRP3.30版本最多支持多少條等價路由？VRP5.10最多支持多少條等價路由？A：存在著等價路徑；VRP3.303VRP5.10最6條等價路徑。[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[RTA]interfaceserial[RTA-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252[RTD]interfaceserial[RTD-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.1.1.2OSPFRouter[RTA]routeridRouter[RTB]routeridRouter[RTC]routeridRouter[RTD]routerid第2OSPF圖2-2。（注：其中RTA10.1.1.2/30Area1，RTC10.2.2.2/30屬Area2）四臺路由器分別都用各自的LoopBack作為各自的Router表2-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-啟動OSPF，進入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id進入OSPFVRPVRPareaarea-VRPareaarea-在指定網(wǎng)段運行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-Router圖2- Router地址來作為RouterID OSPF視圖下創(chuàng)建相應(yīng)的區(qū)域，不同的路由器其相應(yīng)的區(qū)域號也會不同，RouterB01。 在相應(yīng)的Area如路由器RTB0192.2.2.0即可。 [RTA]10.2.2.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=253time=30msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=253time=28ms---10.2.2.1statistics--5packet(s)5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=28/29/30tracerouteto10.2.2.1(10.2.2.1)30hopsmax,40bytes110.1.1.210ms2ms22192.2.2.120ms19ms20310.2.2.130ms20ms20 通過disyiprouting-table查看路由表[RTA]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000[RTB]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000000000[RTC]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000000000[RTD]disiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0000000000OSPF相互學(xué) disyospflsdb查看OSPF的鏈路狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫另外可以進行一些查OSPF的相關(guān)信息：[RTA]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeLinkStateAgeNet1200SNet39SNet39Rtr1300Rtr[RTB]disospf1200OSPFProcess1withRouterID2.2.2.2LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeLinkStateAgeStub37000Stub39100Stub37000Rtr391c0d0c0b01Inter1Area:LinkState0001InterInterInterInterRTALSDB與RTB的LSDBABRRTB需要Area1與Area0兩個區(qū)域的LSDB；QOSPF中，劃分多外區(qū)域的目的是什么？A：主要目的是為了減少SPF計算的數(shù)量。QSPF計算的數(shù)量？表的大小。當網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)生改變時，SPF計算只針對發(fā)生改變的區(qū)域，因此可以SPF計算數(shù)量。 把RTC與RTD之間的區(qū)域變?yōu)锳rea1，網(wǎng)絡(luò)變化情況[RTA]intloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipadd1.1.1.1[RTA]intethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipadd10.1.1.1[RTB]intloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]intethernet0/0[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB-Ethernet0/0]undoshutdown[RTB]intserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipadd192.2.2.2[RTC]intloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipadd3.3.3.3[RTC]intethernet[RTC-Ethernet0/0]ipadd10.2.2.2[RTC-Ethernet0/0]undoshutdown[RTC]intserial2/0[RTC-Serial2/0]ipadd192.2.2.1[RTD]intloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipadd10.10.1.4[RTD]intethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipadd10.2.2.1OSPFRouter[RTA]routeridRouter[RTB]routeridRouter[RTC]routeridRouterRouter[RTD]routerid第3OSPF 192.2.2.0/30 192.2.2.0/30Area AreaL2:L2: R AreaR192.2.2.0/30AreaRL1:L0:L0:L0:圖3-RTAL1,L2OSPF，RTBRTC上看到的路由是聚合后的路由。表3-VRPabr-summaryip-addressVRP[advertise|not-advertise配置OSPFVRPabr-summaryip-address[advertise|not-advertise|costcost在在ABR圖3- RTA創(chuàng)建兩個接口地址L1：110.1.1.1/32和L2：110.1.1.2/32 RTC上看到的到RTAL1L2的路由是聚合的。<RTC>disyiprouting-[RTC]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnetDestination/MaskProtocolPre 000000000000[RTC]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet ProtocolPre 000000000000[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceloopback[RTA-LoopBack1]ipaddress110.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceloopback[RTA-LoopBack2]ipadd110.1.1.2[RTA]interfaceethernet0/0[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceloopback3.3.3.3[RTC]interfaceserial192.2.2.1OSPFrouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospfareaarea1Router[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospfareaarea0areaarea1Router[RTC]routerid[RTC]ospfareaarea0第4章OSPFDR/BDR實驗指圖4-OSPFRTBDR優(yōu)先級100DR路由器；表4-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-啟動OSPF，進入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id進入OSPFVRPVRPareaarea-VRPareaarea-在指定網(wǎng)段運行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPVRPospfdr-priorityVRPospfdr-priorityDRRouter圖4- Router地址來作為Router OSPF的DR在端口視圖下，改變RTBDR [RTA]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1OSPFProtocolInformationRouterID:Routingpreference:Inter/Intra:10External:DefaultASEparameters:Metric:1Tag:1Type:2SPFcomputationcount:11AreaCount: NssaAreaCount:AreaAuthtype:none Flags:<>SPFscheduled:<>Interface:10.1.1.1Cost:1State:BackupDR Type:BroadcastPriority:1DesignatedRouter:BackupDesignatedRouter:Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:1.1.1.1(LoopBack0)-->1.1.1.1Cost:1State:PtoP Type:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[RTB]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID2.2.2.2OSPFProtocolInformationRouterID:Routingpreference:Inter/Intra:10External:DefaultASEparameters:Metric:1Tag:1Type:2SPFcomputationcount:10AreaCount: NssaAreaCount:AreaAuthtype:none Flags:<>SPFscheduled:<>Interface:10.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0)Cost:1State:DR Type:BroadcastPriority:100DesignatedRouter:BackupDesignatedRouter:Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayInterface:2.2.2.2(LoopBack0)-->2.2.2.2Cost:1State:PtoP Type:PointToPointPriority:1Timers:o10,Dead40,Poll40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayRTBDR100，RTABDR1；之間會首先比較該參數(shù)來決定DR，數(shù)值越高越好；IDOSPFRouterID。如果沒IDIPID號。DRID的高低來DRID數(shù)值越低越好；DROther）之間將不再建立鄰接關(guān)系，也不再交換任何路由信息。RTA的DR200DR？能變?yōu)镈R，而BDR變?yōu)镈R后，OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)里再為DR進行BDR的 [Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospfRouter[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospf第5圖5-RTARTBOSPF，相互學(xué)習(xí)對方的LoopbackRTASimple和Cipher認證方法對RTB表5-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-啟動OSPF，進入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id進入OSPFVRPVRPAreaarea-VRPAreaarea-在指定網(wǎng)段運行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPVRPauthentication-mode{simplemd5持MD5VRPauthentication-mode{simplemd5|hmac-md5VRPVRPospfauthentication-modeVRPospfauthentication-mode[in|cipher]用報文MD5密文驗證VRPVRPospfauthentication-modemd5key_idkeyVRPospfauthentication-mode{md5|hmac-md5}key-id[in|cipher]Router圖5-Router地址來作為Router 通過disyiprouting-table來對比RTA認證前后的路由表信息沒有啟用認證的時候，RTARTB[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00200000000RTARTBRTB[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet00000000002.2.2.2因超時而從路由另外再通過disyospferror錯誤信息RTARTB yospfOSPFProcess1withRouterIDpacketerrorIP:receivedmyownOSPF:wrongpacketOSPF:wrongOSPF:wrongOSPF:wrongareaOSPF:areaOSPF:wrongvirtualOSPF:wrongauthenticationOSPF:wrongauthenticationOSPF:toosmallOSPF:packetsize>ipOSPF:transmitOSPF:interfaceOSPF:unknownO:netmaskO:otimerO:deadtimerO:externoptionO:routeridO:virtualneighborO:NBMAneighborDD:neighborstateDD:routeridDD:externoptionDD:unknownLSALSACK:neighborstateLSACK:wrongLSACK:duplicateLSACK:unknownLSALSREQ:neighborstateLSREQ:emptyLSREQ:wrongLSUPD:neighborstateLSUPD:newerself-generateLSUPD:LSAchecksumLSUPD:receivedlessrecentLSUPD:unknownLSAOSPFrouting:nexthopnotDD:MTUoptionROUTETYPE:wrongtypeOPQ-9:outoffloodingOPQ-10:outoffloodingOPQ-11:outofflooding[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospf[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ospfauthentication-modemd51Router[RTB]routerid[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ospfauthentication-modemd51第6STUB圖6-OSPFarea1StubOSPFType-5的由器資源的占用。通常情況下，Stub區(qū)域位于自治系統(tǒng)邊界。StubRTDvlan2vlan3表6-Stub區(qū)VRPVRPstub[no-summaryVRPstub[no-summaryStub區(qū)域缺VRPVRPdefault-costVRPdefault-cost stub<RTA>disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkState0000c000ASExternalLinkState11<RTA>disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnet0020000110000配置area1為STUB備注：以下的顯示信息描述了命令“stub和“stubno-summary的不同。RTA的顯示信息如下：[RTA]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeLinkState AgeLen MetricStub9600Rtr91a0Rtr96b0Net910[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnetDestination/MaskProtocolPre 1000200000000RTA的路由表，外部路由已經(jīng)沒有了，多了一條缺省路由，但還存RTA[RTA]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:TypeAgeMetricStub6500Rtr60f0Rtr0Net0SNet691[RTA]disyiprouting-tableRoutingTable:publicnetProtocol 2 0 0 0 0 0ConfiguretheRTA[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252RTB[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252RTC[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252RTD[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/1]ipaddress10.3.3.1255.255.255.252[Quidway]sysnameswtich[swtich]vlan2[swtich]vlan3[swtich]interfacevlan[swtich-Vlan-interface1]ipaddress[swtich]interfacevlan210.3.3.2110.1.1.1[swtich]interfacevlan3110.1.2.1[swtich]iproute-static0.0.0.00.0.0.0OSPF[RTA]routerid[RTA]ospf[RTB]routerid[RTB]ospf[RTC]routerid[RTC]ospf[RTD]routerid[RTD]ospfConfigurestaticroutestowordsvlan2andvlan[RTD]iproute-static110.1.1.0255.255.255.0[RTD]iproute-static110.1.2.0255.255.255.0Onospfviewimportthesestatic[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stubno-第7NSSA圖7-RTA，RTA，RTARTDOSPF，如圖所示，RTA與RTBArea1，RTB與RTCArea0，RTCRTD屬于Area2。Area1Area2設(shè)為NSSA四臺路由器分別都用各自的LoopBack作為各自的Router表7-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-啟動OSPF，進入VRPVRPOspf[process-id][router-router-idVRPOspf[process-id][router-router-id進入OSPFVRPVRPAreaarea-VRPAreaarea-在指定網(wǎng)段運行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-配置一個區(qū)域為VRPVRPNssa[default-route-advertise[no-import-route][no-summaryVRPNssa[default-route-advertise[no-import-route][no-summaryVRPVRPdefault-costVRPdefault-costRouter圖7- Router地址來作為RouterIDOSPF視圖下創(chuàng)建相應(yīng)的區(qū)域，不同的路由器其相應(yīng)的區(qū)域號也會不同，RTB01。OSPF區(qū)域視圖下輸入nssaNSSA在相應(yīng)的Area如在路由器RTB0192.2.2.0/30。邊緣路由器RTA [RTA]10.2.2.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=253time=30msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=253time=29msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=253time=28msReplyfrom10.2.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=253time=29ms---10.2.2.2statistics--5packet(s)5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=28/29/30tracerouteto10.2.2.2(10.2.2.2)30hopsmax,40bytes110.1.1.23ms1ms12192.2.2.121ms19ms20310.2.2.221ms21ms21[RTA]disipRoutingTable:public0000000000<RTB>disipRoutingTable:public10000000000000000<RTC>disipRoutingTable:public10000000000000000<RTD>disipRoutingTable:public0000000000通過disyiprouting-table可以看出各路由器的路由表項，其中比較特別的7RTALSA7通告給區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)的路RTCO_ASELSA5，LSA7NSSAABRRTB轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)長SA5OSPFSTUB和NSSA外的其它普通區(qū)域，也因如此，Area21.1.1.1/32的路由信息。Disyospflsdb查看各路由器的鏈路數(shù)據(jù)庫<RTA>disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID1.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkStateAgeMetric1518c01286b015950140331241403156312841Nssa10291NssaAllareasisNSSAarea,ASexternaldatabaseis<RTB>disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID2.2.2.2LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkState0000001Inter1Area:LinkStated0c00InterInter11ASExternalLinkStateAge14611Ase[RTC]disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID3.3.3.3LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkStateAgeMetric-100-1005480499043413761InterArea:LinkStateAge1126f0499d04990376Inter376aInterASExternalTypeLinkState AgeLen MetricASE 32 1<RTD>disospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID4.4.4.4LinkStateDatabaseArea:LinkStateAgeMetric1337f0711d07110SNet5891563SNet589a3124LSA7NSSA區(qū)域傳送。A：NSSAStubStubABR路由器地過濾LSA5的路Area1LSA5RTCRTC過濾無法傳送到RTD。(1)在現(xiàn)有的情況下，RTC的Area2里輸入nssaRTA[Quidway]sysnameRTA[RTA]interfaceloopback0[RTA-LoopBack0]ipaddress1.1.1.1255.255.255.255[RTA]interfaceethernet[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.1255.255.255.252RTB[Quidway]sysnameRTB[RTB]interfaceloopback0[RTB-LoopBack0]ipaddress2.2.2.2255.255.255.255[RTB]interfaceEthernet[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.1.1.2255.255.255.252[RTB]interfaceserial[RTB-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.2255.255.255.252RTC[Quidway]sysnameRTC[RTC]interfaceloopback0[RTC-LoopBack0]ipaddress3.3.3.3255.255.255.255[RTC]interfaceEthernet[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ipaddress10.2.2.2255.255.255.252[RTC]interfaceserial[RTC-Serial2/0]ipaddress192.2.2.1255.255.255.252RTD[Quidway]sysnameRTD[RTD]interfaceloopback0[RTD-LoopBack0]ipaddress4.4.4.4255.255.255.255[RTD]interfaceethernet[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ipaddress10.2.2.1255.255.255.252OSPFRouter[RTA]routeridRouter[RTB]routeridRouter[RTC]routeridRouter[RTD]routerid第8圖8-RTA，RTA，RTARTDOSPF，如圖所示，RTA與RTBArea0，RTB與RTCArea1，RTCRTD屬于Area2；四臺路由器分別都用各自的LoopBack作為各自的RouterID表8-配置路由器的VRPVRProuteridrouter-VRProuteridrouter-啟動OSPF，進入VRPVRPospf[process-id][router-router-idVRPospf[process-id][router-router-id進入OSPFVRPVRPAreaarea-VRPAreaarea-在指定網(wǎng)段運行VRPVRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPnetworkip-addresswildcard-VRPVRPvlink-peerrouter-id[oseconds][retransmitseconds][trans-delayseconds][deadseconds][simplepassword|md5keyidkey]VRPvlink-peerrouter-id[oseconds][retransmitseconds][trans-delayseconds][deadseconds][simple[in|cipher]password|{md5|hmac-md5keyid[in|cipher]key}]Router圖8- Router地址來作為RouterOSPF視圖下創(chuàng)建相應(yīng)的區(qū)域，不同的路由器其相應(yīng)的區(qū)域號也會不同，RTB01。；在相應(yīng)的Area如在路由器RTB0192.2.2.0/30；AreaRTBOSPF區(qū)域視圖下建立虛鏈路，IPID； <RTD>10.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom10.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=