小學(xué)三至六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及重點(diǎn)詞匯(外研版)

小學(xué)三至六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及要點(diǎn)詞匯(外研版)小學(xué)三至六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及要點(diǎn)詞匯(外研版)/小學(xué)三至六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及要點(diǎn)詞匯(外研版)小學(xué)三至六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及要點(diǎn)詞匯(外研版)一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1．一般狀況下,直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：manmen,womanwomen,ChineseChinese,Policemanpolicemen,policewomanpolicewomen,childchildrenfootfeet,.Toothteethfishfish,Peoplepeople,JapaneseJapanesemousemice二、一般此刻時(shí)一般此刻時(shí)基本用法介紹一般此刻時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特點(diǎn)、狀態(tài).如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的.2.表示常常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作.如：Igetupatsixeveryday我.每日六點(diǎn)起床.3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí).如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun地.球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn).一般此刻時(shí)的組成1.be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其余.如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩.2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其余).如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ).當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es".如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜愛(ài)漢語(yǔ).一般此刻時(shí)的變化be動(dòng)詞的變化.否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其余.如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其余.如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.1/8特別疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句.如：Whereismybike?行為動(dòng)詞的變化.否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其余).如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't組成否認(rèn)句.如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其余.如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí),要用does組成一般疑問(wèn)句.如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特別疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句.如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1．一般狀況下,直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,加-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies三、此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)1．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.2．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的必然句基本構(gòu)造為be+動(dòng)詞ing.如:IamwatchingTV.3．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句在be后加not.如:IamnotwatchingTV.4．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首.如:AreyouwatchingTV?5．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的特別疑問(wèn)的基本構(gòu)造為：疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?如：Whatareyoudoing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其構(gòu)造為：疑問(wèn)詞+be+動(dòng)詞ing?如:Whoissingingthere?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般狀況下,直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如：make-making,taste-tasting3．假如尾端是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫(xiě)尾端的輔音字母,再加ing,如：run-running,stop-stopping2/8四、未來(lái)時(shí)1、見(jiàn)解：表示將要生的作或存在的狀及打算、劃或準(zhǔn)做某事.句中一般有以下?tīng)睿簍omorrow,nextday(week,month,year?),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等.2、基本構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；②will+do.3、否認(rèn)句：在be（am,is,are）后加not或情will后加not成won’t.比方：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon4、一般疑句：be或will提到句首,some改any,and改or,第一二人稱(chēng)互.比方：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?5、劃部分提.一般狀況,一般未來(lái)的劃部分有三種狀況.（1）.人.Who比方：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.（2）.干什么.What?do.比方：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.（3）.什么候.When.比方：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenistoshebed?going6、同句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1．一般去表示去某個(gè)生的作或存在的狀,常和表示去的狀用.（yesterday,lastyear/week）.2．Be在一般去中的化：⑴am和is在一般去中was.（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般去中were.（werenot=weren’t）⑶有was或were的句子,其否認(rèn)、疑的化和is,am,are一,即否認(rèn)句在was或were后加not,一般疑句把was或were到句首.3．句中沒(méi)有be的一般去的句子否認(rèn)句：didn’t+原形,如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑句：在句首加did,句子中的去式回原形.如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特別疑句：3/8⑴疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動(dòng)詞尾端加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)尾端的輔音字母,再加-ed,如：stop-stopped4．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat六、狀況運(yùn)用問(wèn)路、指路Excuseme.Where’sthe_______,please?Gostraighton./Turnleft./Turnright.2.咨詢(xún)對(duì)方正在做什么Whatareyoudoing?I’m_______Whatishe/shedoing?He’s/She’s___________Whataretheydoing?They’re__________咨詢(xún)對(duì)方能否要吃某種食品Doyouwantsome_______?Yes,please.No,thankyou.咨詢(xún)對(duì)方的能力Canyou_____?Yes,Ican.No,Ican’t.議論將要做的事情Whatareyougoingtodo?I’m/We’regoingto_________向他人要東西吃4/8CanIhavesome______?Yes,youcan.Sorry,youcan’t.介紹某人Thisis_______8.議論周一至周日將要做的事WhatwillyoudoonMonday?I’ll_______onMondayWillyou______onMonday?Yes,Iwill.No,Iwon’t.9.做天氣預(yù)告Itwillbehot/cold/sunny/windy.Itwillsnow/rain.10.做比較如:SamisolderthanDaming.七、人稱(chēng)代詞及對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)人稱(chēng)代詞：I我we我們you你you你們he他she她it它they他們物主代詞my我的our我們的your你的your你們的his他的her她的its它的their他們的賓格me我us我們you你him他her她it它them他們主格：Iweyousheheitthey賓格：meusyouherhimitthem形容詞性物主代詞：myouryourherhisitstheir名詞性物主代詞：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs八、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí),比較級(jí)后邊一般帶有單詞than.比較級(jí)前面能夠用more,alittle來(lái)修飾表示程度.than后的人稱(chēng)代詞用主格(1)一般在形容詞或副詞后+er如：talltaller,strongstronger,雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母,再+er如：bigbigger,fatfatter,把y變i,再+er如：heavyheavier,earlyearlier不規(guī)則變化：如：well--better,much/many-more,5/8九、縮略形式I’m=Iamyou’re=youareshe’s=sheishe’s=heisdon’t=donotdoesn’t=doesnotit’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotwe’ll=wewill十、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞can指引的句型：表示有能力做某事can后邊的動(dòng)詞要用原形.如:Whatcanyoudo?Icansweepthefloor.Icancookthemeals.Icanwatertheflowers.Canyoumakethebed?No,Ican’t.4.CanyouuseaYes,Ican.5.HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?YoucangobytheNo.15bus.要點(diǎn)詞匯概括：lastSunday/night/hemorningintheafternoontakeaphototakephotos6/8theBritishMuseumBigBentheGreatWall.theLondonEyegiveoutbecarefultoomanyrunfastplayfootballhalfpastsevengetupsitdownstandupdomorningexercisesplaychessonthefarmalldayofcoursegooutsayhellotoplaybasketballplaytabletennismanyyearsagotenyearsagothreedaysagoliveinalotof=lotsofwatchTVhowabout=whatabouttalkaboutforeignlanguagestud