簡明英語語法

簡明英語語法句子是表達思想、傳遞信息的基本單位，就像家庭是社會的基本單位一樣。家庭對社會有多么重要，句子對學(xué)習(xí)語言就多么重要。英語語言的所有要點和基本功能都體現(xiàn)在句子中。在句子里，單詞才會有確切的意義；通過句子，人們才總結(jié)出無數(shù)的語法規(guī)則；在句子里，英語才展現(xiàn)出連續(xù)和起伏的韻律；通過句子，口語才形成一個個完整的表意單元；在句子里，英語的語言思維和語言習(xí)慣才能得到體現(xiàn)。掌握英語就要學(xué)好句子。個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途英語句子千變?nèi)f化，歸根結(jié)底都離不開五個英語動詞句型。掌握好這些句型，就為靈活運用語言打下基礎(chǔ)。句子的關(guān)鍵在謂語動詞,因此學(xué)習(xí)掌握這五個基本句型及其謂語動詞的變化是我們學(xué)習(xí)英語語法的出發(fā)點,也是《大學(xué)英語考試》課的重點,是學(xué)習(xí)英語語言的核心。個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途1．主語+系動詞+表語：“Howareyou?”“Iamfine.”Everymanisthemasterofhisownfortune.Learningisyourenterpriseofalifetime.NecessityisthemotherofinventionToknowthediseaseishalfthecure.ThepriceremainsconstantThedishsmellsgood.Themedicinetastesawful.Whenshesawthis,sheturnedred.Hehasfallenill.Thislawholdsgood.Overpopulationcouldbecomeaseriousworldwidethreat.Avegetariandietprovesphysicallybeneficial.Tom'sdreamhascometrue.RoselookshappyTheweatherisgettinghot.Theproposalseemsquiteconvincingandconstructive.個人2.主語2.主語+不及物動詞：Thismachineworkswell.Thesunisrising.TheeconomiccrisisbrokeoutfirstintheUnitedStates.ThebossandhissecretaryareflyingtoParis.ThepricepeakedinMarch.NotionsabouteuthanasiadifferwidelyDidyousleepwell?Thebabyiscomingonwell.Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?Thebombblewup.Theenginebrokedown.3.主語+及物動詞+賓語：3.ItaughtChineseinLondonlastyear.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.Wallshaveears.Silencemeansconsent.Ican'texpressmyselfinEnglish.Don'tdeceiveyourself.Hesmiledastrangesmile.Sheclosedhereyesandwishedagoodwish.Shehatedtoloosehertemper.Idon'trecommendbuyingthatbook.Junkfoodimpairspeople'shealth.Corporalpunishmentviolateschildren'sdignityTravelingbroadensone'sview.Overworkbroughtoninsomnia.Wemustabidebytherulesofthegame.ThetreatywillcomeintoforcenextmonthLookoutforsnakes.Payattentiontoyourgrammar.Helpyourselftosomemoremeat.4.主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語：Hehandedmetheletter.Sheassignedthestudentsafewbookstoread.Couldyoufetchmetheeveningpaper?Theyfinedher$100.Themotherwillbuyherdaughteradress.Museumgivespeopleasenseofnationalprideandbelonging.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用Iwishyougreatsuccessinyourcareer.Takingapart-timeworkoffersstudentsanopportunitytocombinetheoryandpractice.5.主語+動詞+賓語+賓補：Weshouldkeepourclassroomtidyandclean.TheyelectedMr.Wangourmonitor.AllworkandnoplaymakeJackadullboy.Theparentsconsiderthechildagenius.Hopesanddreamskeepthecoldgreen.HardlydidIthinkitpossible.Isincerelyinviteyoutopayavisittomyhometown.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途W(wǎng)ethoughthimtobeanhonestman.Ifoundherinbetterspiritwhenwemetagain.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.Getmehomeatonce.Don'tleavemebehind.IsawherchattingwithNancy.TheywatchedthesunsettingbehindthetreesHekepthiseyesshutandstayedwherehewas.Youwillbeinformedofwhatisgoingonhere.對there引導(dǎo)的句子要特別注意。There引導(dǎo)的是一種特殊的句子，主語在后面，全句倒裝：Thereisarainbowinthesky.Isthereacarparknearby?Thereisaboyandtwogirlsdancingonthemeadow.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Thereareanumberofswansonthelake.Wherethere'sawill,thereisaway.Iexpecttheretobenoargumentaboutthis.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithit.Thereappearedtobeawarbetweenhisheartandhismind.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Thereoughttobeacommahere.許多學(xué)生對“雙重謂語”迷惑不解，語法書中又極少提及這一語言現(xiàn)象，而在英語閱讀和語言交際中會時常遇到這類含雙重謂語的句子。因此，對雙重謂語做一個簡要介紹并通過一些實例加深理解是必要的。個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途所謂雙重謂語是由實義動詞+形容詞(過去分詞或名詞)兩個部分構(gòu)成的一種特殊的謂語形式。第一部分的實義動詞，說明主語的行為動作，通常是不及物動詞，間或也有及物動詞；個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途第二部分用以說明主語在進行這一動作時的特征、身份或狀態(tài)，其作用相當于表語，這部分可以是形容詞、過去分詞或名詞。請看實例：個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Hewenttoworksick.(=Hewenttoworkandhewasill.)Holdingthenoteinhishand,hestoodtheredumbfounded.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途(=Holdingthenoteinhishand，hestoodthereandhewasdumbfounded.)個人收集整理勿Hereturnedanotedsurgeon(=Hewasanotedsurgeonwhenhereturned.)Hewenttobedhungrylastnight.JohnlayillinbedIcan'tdrinkithot.Theypartedthebestoffriends.Thetomatoesshouldbepickedupgreen.20-milewalk.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Hereachedhomedampandwearyafterlongwalk.Hediedamillionaire.MyunclesatsilentincornerTherevolutionarymartyrsdiedyoung.Allmenarecreatedequal.從上述句子中不難看出，雙重謂語就其結(jié)構(gòu)特征而言，可以說它是兩個謂語的合成，具有動詞性謂語和名詞性復(fù)合謂語(即系表結(jié)構(gòu))的雙重作用。個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途從結(jié)構(gòu)上說，英語句子分為三類：1.簡單句(SimpleSentences)--句子成分都由單詞或短語擔任，且只有一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)：Constantdroppingwearsthestone.Wearelivingahappylife.Fromsmallbeginningscomegreatthings.ThereisanEnglishteacherandfiftystudentsintheclassroom.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.2．并列句(Compound)Sentences

句子成分都由單詞短語擔任，但有兩個或更多互不依從的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)：Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.Don'tswear,forIdislikeswearingEitherhedidnotspeakdistinctly,orIdidnothearwell.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Hurryup,it'sgettinglate.3.復(fù)合句(ComplexSentences)有一個或更多成分由從句擔任：Geteverythingreadybeforeopportunitycomes.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.Comeagainwhenyouarefree.Tellmesomethingaboutthemovieyousawlastnight. WhatIsawintheuniversitytodayimpressedmedeeply.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途如果把并列句看作簡單句通過連詞形成的平等組合，把復(fù)合句看作簡單句通過關(guān)聯(lián)詞形成的主從關(guān)系句子組合，那么，當我們讀解復(fù)雜難解的句子時，采用先分解后化合的方法解題就比較容易。翻譯的技巧也在于此。這也正是我們強調(diào)熟練掌握五個英語動詞句型的意義所在。個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Youhaveallhearditrepeatedthatmenofscienceworkbymeansofinductionanddeductionthatbythehelpoftheseoperations,they,inasortofsense,managetoextractfromNaturecertainnaturallaws,andthatoutofthese,bysomespecialskilloftheirown,theybuilduptheirtheories.個人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途這個50多字的復(fù)合句選自考研真題，主句Youhaveallh