《新概念英語第二冊》語法解析及練習(xí)題匯總

《新概念英語第二冊》語法解析及練習(xí)題匯總新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習(xí)題1.表示過去所發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常與yet，just，before，recently，lately(最近)，ever，never等表時間的副詞搭配使用?！馠ehasn'tseenherlately.●Ihaven'tfinishedthebookyet.2.表示一個從過去某個時間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能持續(xù)下去的動作，常與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：sofar(迄今為止)，uptillnow(直到現(xiàn)在)，since,foralongtime(很長時間)，uptopresent(直到現(xiàn)在)，inthepast/inthelastfewyears(在過去的幾年里)，thesedays(目前)…….Hehasworkedherefor15years..IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere..TheforeignerhasbeenawayfromChinaforalongtime..Sofar,Ihaven'treceivedasingleletterfrommybrother.3.某些非延續(xù)性動詞(即：動作開始便終止的動詞)，在現(xiàn)在完成時中不能與表示一段時間狀語搭配。黃金要點：I.常見的非延續(xù)動詞：die,arrive(到達)，join(加入)，leave(離開)，go,refuse(拒絕)，fail(失敗)，finish，buy，marry，divorce(離婚)，awake(醒)，buy，borrow，lend...(背三遍!)II.這類動詞并非不能用現(xiàn)在完成時，而是不能接常由for引導(dǎo)的時間狀語。III.但若是用在否定句中，非延續(xù)動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用?！馭hehasgoneawayforamonth.(誤)●Shehasbeenawayforamonth(正)●Themanhasdiedfortwoyears.(誤)●Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.(正)●Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?(誤)●Howlonghaveyougotthebook.(正)4.注意since的用法：.Theyhaven'thadanytroublesincetheycamehere..Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime..Hehasbeenheresince1980..Hehasbeenheresincetenyearsago.5.幾組對比：HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過上海。Shehasgone.她已走了。Sheisgone.她缺席了。(or她死了。)Thedoorhasbeenclosed.門關(guān)上了。(動作)Thedoorisclosed.門是關(guān)著的。(狀態(tài))練習(xí)題1.Theprices________goingupallthetimeinthepastfewyears.A.keepB.keptC.havekeptD.arekeeping2.Forthewholeperiodoftwomonths,there________noraininthisarea.A.isB.willbeC.hasbeenD.havebeen3.TodayisJane'sweddingday.She________John.A.havejustmarriedwithB.wasjustmarriedtoC.hasjustbeenmarriedtoD.justhasbeenmarriedto4.Nowondertheflowerhavewithered,they________anywaterforages.A.hadn'tB.haven'tC.haven'thadD.hadn'thad5.Nowadayscomputer________awideapplicationwiththedevelopmentofproductionandscience.A.foundB.hasfoundC.findsD.hadfound練習(xí)答案：C2.C3.C4.C5.B新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習(xí)題：現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時：is/am/are+現(xiàn)在分詞1.表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。如.Thekettleisboiling.ShallImaketea?.Don'tyouthinkyoueattoomuch?You'reputtingonweight(體重增加)。.Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.2.表現(xiàn)階段正進行的動作。.Heistakingphysicsthissemester(本學(xué)期)。.Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.3.go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于進行時態(tài)時表示即將開始的動作。.Look!Thebusiscoming.看!車來了!.Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying..AliceisleavingforBeijingwithhermother.4.與always,forever,continually,constantly等副詞連用，表示說話人帶有感.：贊賞或厭惡。.Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.(他總是想著別人。).Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.(這男孩不斷地發(fā)出吵鬧聲。).Theteacherisconstantly(always)criticizingherforbeinglate.(老師一直在批評她遲到。)5.下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可用于進行時。(此條戒律請背10遍!!!)believe(相信)，doubt(懷疑)，see(看見)，hear(聽見)，know(知道)，understand(理解)，belong(屬于)，think(認(rèn)為)，consider(認(rèn)為)，feel(覺得)，look(看起來)，seem(看上去)，show(顯示)，mind(介意)，have(有)，sound(聽起來)，taste(嘗起來)，require(要求)，possess(擁有)，care(關(guān)心)，like(喜歡)，hate(討厭)，love(喜愛)，detest(憎恨)，desire(意欲)【簡單記憶】●永遠(yuǎn)不要說I'mbelieving...或Heisseeingahouse.再簡單一點說，這些動詞后面不要隨意加-ing.●可怕的是：我們在寫作及口語中常犯此類大錯!●注意：haveaparty/thinkabout可以用進行時，因為這里have意為“舉行”;think意為“考慮”?！緶y試精編】1.Howcanyou________Ifyouarenot________?A.listening/hearingB.hear/listeningC.belistening/heardD.behearing/listeningto2.Thegirlevenwon'thaveherlunchbeforeshe________herhomework.A.willfinishB.isfinishingC.hadfinishedD.finishes3.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepost(職位)________intheoffice.(此題超前)A.arebeinginterviewedB.areinterviewingC.interviewingD.tobeinterviewing4.Theoldscientist________todomoreforthecountry.A.iswishingB.hasbeenwishingC.wishesD.hasbeenwished5.Ifhe________,don'twakehimup.A.stillsleepsB.isstillsleepingC.stillhasbeensleepingD.willbesleepingstill【練習(xí)答案】B2.D3.A4.C5.B新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習(xí)題：一般現(xiàn)在時一、一般現(xiàn)在時：1.構(gòu)成：使用動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)須有變化。(1)直接加“s”，works，takes(2)以輔音加“y”結(jié)尾，變“y”為“i”，再加“es”carry→carries(3)以“o,s,x,ch,sh”結(jié)尾的動詞加“es”goesdresseswatchesbrushes2.功能：(1)表現(xiàn)在的事實、狀態(tài)或動作：eg:.Birdsfly..Shelovesmusic..Mary'sparentsgetupveryearly.(2)表習(xí)慣性動作或職業(yè)，常與often，sometimes，usually，always，everyweek，seldom，occasionally，frequently等時間副詞連用。eg:.Ialwaystakeawalkaftersupper..Shewritestomeveryoften..Tomandhisgirlfriendgoouttotakeapicnicoccasionally.(3)表客觀真理，格言警句或事實：.Theearthmovesroundthesun..Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest..Twoandtwomakesfour..Nomanbuterrs.人非圣賢，熟能無過。(4)表將來：A.在由when，after,before，as，assoonas，although，because，if，evenif，incase，till，until，unless，solongas，where，whatever，wherever等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來發(fā)生的動作。(黃金重點，所有考試都不放過它!)例如：.I'lltellherwhenshecomestomorrow..Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,I'llmeetyou..Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-headed.(不錯的句型，背下!!).I'llberightherewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.(很感人的句型!)B.按時間表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事件，用一般現(xiàn)在時表達將來時概念。.Theplaybeginsat6:30thisevening..Whendoestheplanetakeoff?.Heleavesforthatcitynextweek..Accordingtothetimetable,theexpresstraintoShanghaistartsatnineinthemorning.(按照時刻表，開往上海的特快列車早上7點出發(fā)。)【測試精編】1.TheBrowns________anicecarandBrown'sbrother________anicejeep.A.have/haveB.has/hasC.have/hasD.has/have2.Iftheirhouse________notlikeours,what________itlooklike?A.is/isB.is/doesC.does/doesD.does/is3.-________youthinkhewillcome?-Ifit________tomorrow,hewillnotcome.A.Do/rainsB.Are/rainsC.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain4.Thelittlechild________notevenknowthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.A.do/moveB.do/movesC.does/movesD.did/moved5.Manyastudent________fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom________tothecinemaA.are/goesB.is/goesC.are/goD.is/go【練習(xí)答案】C2.B3.A4.C5.B新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習(xí)題：單復(fù)數(shù)主語I.單數(shù)主語：1.當(dāng)every-,some-,any-,no-等構(gòu)成的不定代詞及each,either,neither作主語時，謂語動詞為單數(shù)。Someonehastoldmeaboutit.Neitherofuslikesthefilm.2.當(dāng)every或each位于兩個由連接詞連接的單數(shù)主語前，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(必記之要點!)Eachgirlandboyhasanickname.Everymanandwomaniswelcome.3.位于主謂之間的介詞短語不影響謂語動詞的數(shù)，謂語動詞須和主語一致。常見介詞短語有：inadditionto,togetherwith,aswellas,alongwith,but,except,etc.(這是一幾乎所有考試都不愿放過的重點。)Theteacheralongwithhisstudentsisgoingtotheparty.Hisparentsaswellashiseldersisterhavecometoseehim.II.復(fù)數(shù)主語：1.當(dāng)主語由and或both...and連接，通常采用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞?！馚oththegirlandtheboyarehisfriends.2.如主語是both,few或主語前有both,few,several,many等限定詞時，謂語動詞須用復(fù)數(shù)。●Severalnovelshavebeenwrittenbyher.●Bothgotthenewsatthesametime.下列名詞總是復(fù)數(shù)形式且謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。trousers,pants(褲子)，jeans,glasses,scissors(剪刀)，tweezers(鑷子)，plier(鉗子)，scales(天平)，compasses(圓規(guī))，etc.●Thetrousersherearemine.別忘了：如果以上名詞受“apairof”“thepairof”修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Thepairofpantsistoodirty.III.單、復(fù)數(shù)的靈活運用：1.當(dāng)主語由neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso或or連接時，謂語動詞與nor,or,butalso后面的詞一致，在英語語法中，這被稱之為“就近原則”?！馧eitherhenorIamgoingtotheairport.●NotonlyMarybutalsoherparentshavegoneabroad.2.當(dāng)主語前面有none,all,some,any,most,half,majority等詞時，謂語動詞則根據(jù)主語的具體情況而采用相應(yīng)的單、復(fù)數(shù)。Allofthemoneyhasbeeninthebank.(money是不可數(shù)名詞)Allofushavebeenhere.3.“anumberof”是復(fù)數(shù)，修飾可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)，“thenumberof”也修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(黃金要點!!)●Anumberofstudentshavepassedtheexam.●Thenumberofstudentsinthisclassis50.IV.用作單數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式主語：1.如主語是指：time,money,weight,volume,etc.雖為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但謂語用單數(shù)形式。Twoyearsisashorttime.Onehundreddollarsisneededbyme.2.下列單詞如：physics，economics，mathematics，statistics，etc;measles，mumps，herpes，etc，news，ethics，politics，etc.為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Statisticsisadullsubject.Politicsisimportant.3.書、報、雜志、電影的名稱作主語，謂動用作單數(shù)。TheNewYorkTimesisagoodnewspaper.V.下列名詞在形式上保持不變，但謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于其意義：1.family，team，class，committee，group，audience，faculty，etc.Thefamilyisbig.(總體)HisfamilyliketowatchTV.(家庭所有成員)2.species，series，etc.Thespeciesisrare.Thesespeciesarecommon.3.sheep，deer，etc.Thesheepareeatinggrass.Thesheepisbig.VI.Chinese,English,French,etc指語言時，謂動是單數(shù)，如與"the"搭配，指人民時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Englishisusedwidely.TheEnglishlovepeace.VII.注意