動詞ing形式的歸納

動詞ing形式的歸納動詞ing形式的歸納概述

動詞的-ving形式具有名詞(動名詞)的功能,可以在句字中作主語,賓語和表語.它具有形容詞(分詞)的功能,可在句子中作定語,表語,和賓語補(bǔ)足語.動詞ing形式的歸納I.動名詞動詞的ing形式具有名詞的功能,

可以在句子中作主語,賓語和表語.動詞ing形式的歸納1.做主語ReadingisimportantinlearningEnglish.Lookingafterthepatientisanurse’sjob.注意:在某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別是Itisnouse\useless\nogood\shame\dangerous\awasteoftime/worth/worthwhiledoingsth.It是形式主語,真正的主語即動名詞放在句末動詞ing形式的歸納2做賓語.ving跟在某些特定的動詞后面作賓語.避免錯過少延期建議完成多練習(xí)喜歡想象禁不住承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒逃避冒險莫原諒允許感激和考慮明白鼓勵要禁止Avoid,miss,putoffAdvise,finish,practiceEnjoy,imagine,can’thelpAdmit,deny,envy,Escape,risk,excuseAllow/permitappreciateconsiderUnderstand,encourage,forbid動詞ing形式的歸納3做表語Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Mygreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.注意；動名詞作主語,可以和表語換用.反之也一樣.動詞ing形式的歸納4.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

動名詞的前面可以帶上自己的邏輯主語構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).物主代詞,如his,my；人稱代詞如him,me名詞所有格，如Tom’s;名詞普通格如TomDoyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?Iinsistedonmyhusband/husband’spayingthebill.Thesoundofdesksbeingopenedandclosedcouldbeheardoutinthestreet.Hesuggestedsomebodytakingoverthejob.動詞ing形式的歸納

注意：動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作句子主語時，則通常使用名詞的所有格或物主代詞．Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangry.Hisnotbeingabletocomeisdisappointing.動詞ing形式的歸納II.現(xiàn)在分詞動詞的ing具有形容詞的功能,可在句中做定語,表語,和賓語補(bǔ)足語動詞ing形式的歸納1定語Doesheworkinthereadingroom?Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.Doyouknowthemanstandingbythedoor?Thisvillageismadeupof500families

belongingtofivenations.動詞ing形式的歸納2.表語:表主語所具有的特征.Thefoodsmellsinviting.Thestoryisverytouching.常這樣用的分詞有:amusing,charming,encouraging,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,exciting,puzzling,astonishing,refreshing,shocking,striking,surprising,etc.動詞ing形式的歸納3.賓語補(bǔ)足語感官動詞:see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice,observe,lookat,listento和使役動詞:set,keep,have,get,leave,make,find,send等都可以用分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語．

wesawhimclimbingatree.

Thepolicecaughttheboystealing.拓展:在被動句中,即成為主語補(bǔ)足語:Theboywascaughtstealing.Thechildrenwerelastseenplayingattheriverbank.動詞ing形式的歸納4.動詞的ing形式具有副詞的功能,可在句中做狀語動詞ing形式的歸納1.)做時間狀語Hearingthenoise,Iturnedround.=whenIheardthenoise,

Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.=whenIlookedoutofthewindow,注意:分詞短語前面可以用while,when等連詞,動詞ing形式的歸納2.)作方式狀語或伴隨狀語Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Allnightlonghelayawake,thinkingaboutproblems.Hesatinanarmchair,readingthenewspaper.動詞ing形式的歸納3).做結(jié)果狀語

Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.Theheavysnowlastedaweak,causingalotofaccidents.動詞ing形式的歸納4).原因狀語Beingsick,Istayedathome.=As\BecauseIwassick,Notknowingheraddress,Icannotwritetoher.=AsIdon’tknowheraddress,動詞ing形式的歸納5).條件狀語Turningtotherightatthecrossing,you

willseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.=Ifyouturnrightatthecrossing,you’ll…=Turntotherightatthecrossing

andyou

willseethepostoffice.動詞ing形式的歸納6).做補(bǔ)充說明Theplaneleavesatsix,

arriving

inChicagoatten.=…..,

andwillarrive

inChicagoatten.Thechildrenwerewalkingtothe

park,talkingandlaughingalltheway.=…,andweretalkingandlaughing

alltheway.動詞ing形式的歸納III.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身就是一種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),由名詞或代詞加分詞等構(gòu)成,表時間,原因,條件,方式,伴隨和補(bǔ)充說明等.常見結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1.名詞+-ving分詞

Theyallwenttotheplayground,healoneremaininginthedormitory.2.名詞+-ved分詞

Thequestionsettled,theywentbackbyplane.

動詞ing形式的歸納3.名詞+動詞不定式

Somuchhomeworktodo,wehavenotimetoplay.4.名詞+形容詞

Helookedatmeupanddown,hiseyeswideopen.5.名詞+介詞短語/副詞

Hundredsofpeoplewentoutofthecinema,someinpairs,othersalone.6.名詞+名詞

Hissonnowacollegestudent,heisnolongerworriedabouthisjob.7.Therebe句型的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)

Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.動詞ing形式的歸納IV.做獨立成分動詞ing形式在句中沒有邏輯主語,可以獨立存在,這些短語已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣用語,用來修飾整個句子Generallyspeaking(一般說來)StrictlyspeakingRoughlyspeakingFranklyspeakingJudgingfrom動詞ing形式的歸納TakingallintoconsiderationConsideringeverythingEg:Judgingfromherface,shemustbeill.Consideringeverything,itisworthtrying.動詞ing形式的歸納IV.動詞ing形式的各種變化形式時態(tài)語態(tài)主動被動一般式完成式doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone動詞ing形式的歸納１動詞的-ving形式的一般式表示動作和謂語動詞同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生．

Hearingthenews,sheburstoutcrying.

Notknowingwhattodo，hewenttotheteacherforhelp.

2.動詞的ing形式的完成式表示動作先于謂語動詞發(fā)生

Havinglivedtherefordozensofyears,heknowsthecitywell.

Not

havingreceivedtheirletter,hedecidedtowriteanotherone.．動詞ing形式的歸納3.動詞ing形式的被動式表示動作對于邏輯主語而言在意義上是被動的.Iwouldliketohavealookattheanimalbeingoperatedon.Havingbeeninvitedbythestud