小升初英語總復(fù)習(xí)動詞-課件

第二篇專項提升第四部分時態(tài)精析第一節(jié)動詞知識梳理一、動詞的概念與分類動詞是句子中表示動作或者狀態(tài)的詞。根據(jù)動詞的詞義和在句中的作用，可以將動詞劃分為如下幾類：

二、動詞的基本形式1.情態(tài)動詞：沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面接動詞原形。如：Icanplaybasketballwell.MikecanspeakChinese.

2.be動詞：根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)的不同，呈現(xiàn)不同形式。如：現(xiàn)在時：Iamveryhappytoday.MikeisanAmericanboy.Theyareplayinginthesnow.過去時：HewasinGrade3lastyear.Wewereathomeyesterday.將來時：TherewillbeamatchbetweenClass1andClass2tomorrow.IamgoingtoHainannextweek.

3.助動詞：不能單獨在句中使用，在句中的作用是協(xié)助主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語。如：Wedonot（don't）haveclassesonSaturdays.Myfatherdoesnot（doesn't）workinthehospital.Didyougoswimminglastweekend？

4.實義動詞：小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的實義動詞有四種形式，即動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、現(xiàn)在分詞形式（動詞的-ing形式）和過去式形式。如：

（1）動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成①一般情況下，在動詞詞尾加-s。如：work→works，look→looks，want→wants②以ch，sh，s，x，o結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾加-es。如：teach→teaches，wash→washes，dress（裝扮）→dresses，fix（安裝）→fixes，go→goes

③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，改y為i，再加-es。如：fly→flies，cry→cries

【注】以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，直接在詞尾加-s。如：play→plays，buy→buys④不規(guī)則變化。如：have→has，be→is

（2）動詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式的構(gòu)成①一般情況下，在動詞詞尾加-ing。如：go→going，play→playing②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e再加-ing。如：write→writing，come→coming③以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫最后這個輔音字母再加-ing。如：run→running，swim→swimming，shop→shopping④以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，將ie改為y，再加-ing。如：die→dying，lie→lying

（3）動詞過去式的構(gòu)成①一般情況下，在動詞詞尾加-ed。如：work→worked，play→played②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾加-d。如：close→closed，arrive→arrived③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，改y為i，再加-ed。如：cry→cried，study→studied④以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫最后這個輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop→stopped，drop→dropped⑤動詞過去式的不規(guī)則變化（見下表）續(xù)表續(xù)表續(xù)表考點精析考查動詞的變化形式考點1【例1】Listenandfill.聽對話，填入所缺的單詞,使對話意思合理、完整，每空只填一詞。1.A：WhatisMrBlack'sjob?B：Heisascientist.He__________inauniversity.2.A：Look!Whataretherabbitsdoing?B：Someare__________,someareeatingfreshcarrots.

聽力材料：1.A：WhatisMrBlack'sjob?B：Heisascientist.Heworksinauniversity.2.A：Look!Whataretherabbitsdoing?B：Somearejumping,someareeatingfreshcarrots.解析：本題考查動詞基本形式的寫法和用法。在做此題時，不僅要考慮主語的人稱，還要注意句子的時態(tài)，這樣才能根據(jù)句意和錄音提示填寫出動詞的正確形式。第1小題主語是第三人稱，句子又是陳述習(xí)慣性的動作，謂語動詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式works。第2小題中的are一詞提示了本題要用現(xiàn)在進行時，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞jumping。答案：1.2.worksjumping舉一反三一、Readandfill.用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thecat__________（run）aroundthetree.2.Theyare__________（clean）theirclassroom.3.I__________（have）acoldlastweek.4.Don't__________（talk）loudlyinthelibrary.5.Mymother__________（make）abigcakelastmonth.6.What__________（do）shedolastnight？7.Myauntoften__________（go）shoppingonSundays.8.Sarah_________（buy）aredbagyesterday.runscleaninghadtalkmadedidgoesbought考查動詞的綜合運用考點2【例2】Readandfill.用read的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Youcan__________（read）thebookinthelibrary.2.She__________（read）abooknow.3.CanI__________（read）thisbooknow？4.Myfather__________（read）newspaperseverymorning.5.A：Didyou__________（read）thecomicbook？B：Yes，I__________（read）ityesterday.

解析：本題圍繞一個詞read展開，考查了不同時態(tài)、不同人稱情況下，實義動詞的用法。第1小題中can接原形動詞；第2小題now表示的是現(xiàn)在，體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在進行時，she是第三人稱單數(shù)，故“is＋動詞的-ing形式”是本小題需要的答案；第3小題不管后面出現(xiàn)什么，can接動詞原形是做題關(guān)鍵；第4小題everymorning體現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時，而myfather是第三人稱，故動詞要用三單形式；第5小題did之后加動詞原形，答句中用過去式形式，read的過去式和原形同形。答案：1.2.3.

4.5.readisreadingreadreadsread；read舉一反三二、Readandfill.用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.We__________（like）music.Nowwe__________（sing）.2.Let's__________（go）tothecinema.3.He__________（is）illyesterday.4.Canyou__________（clean）thetablenow？5.Doyou__________（go）totheparkonSaturdays？likearesinginggowascleango三、Readandchoose.單項填空。（）1.Whatdidhe__________yesterday？A.doB.doesC.did（）2.Heis__________withhisfriend.A.talkedB.talkingC.talksAB（）3.John：Howishefeeling？Mike：He__________better.A.feelsB.isfeelC.isfeeling（）4.Amy：Whatareyoudoing？Sam：I'm__________dinner.A.cookB.cooksC.cooking（）5.Don't__________TV.A.watchB.watchingC.watchesCCA過關(guān)檢測一、Readandwrite.按要求改寫單詞。1.have（第三人稱單數(shù)形式）__________2.slept（動詞原形）__________3.come（反義詞）__________4.driver（動詞形式）__________5.sit（動詞過去式）__________hassleepgodrivesat6.do（現(xiàn)在分詞）__________7.take（動詞過去式）__________8.wash（第三人稱單數(shù)形式）__________9.write（動詞過去式）__________10.told（動詞原形）__________doingtookwasheswrotetell二、Read,chooseandfill.選詞填空，將下列短文補充完整。live,works,went,likes,play,walks,drawing,goes,teaches,am

MynameisSarah.I______anAmericangirl,butI_____inGuangzhouwithmyparentsnow.Myfatherisateacher.He__________English.Helikes__________pictures.Usuallymyfather_______toworkbycar，butyesterdayhe_______bybus.Mymotherisanurse.She________inabighospital.Sheoften________towork.She_______playingbaseballverymuch.Weoften________ittogether.am1.2.live3.teaches4.drawing5.goes6.went7.works8.walks9.likes10.play三、Readandfill.用括號內(nèi)所給單詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.__________（be）theseyourshoes？2.Ican__________（play）footballeveryday.3.Iwantto__________（buy）someflowersformymother.4.Listen！Whois__________（cry）overthere？5.He__________（do）morningexerciseseverymorning.6.__________yourmother__________（wash）theclotheseveryday？7.He______________（notteach）Englishinourschool.8.He__________（leave）hishomeworkathomethismorning.AreplaybuycryingdoesDoeswashdoesn'tteachleft9.Where__________（be）thetwinslastnight？10.CanI__________（watch）TVnow？11.Myfatherlikes__________（collect）stamps.12.Joe'saunt__________（work）inafactorylastyear.13.Weshould__________（help）eachother.14.Thesun__________（rise）intheeast.15.No__________（smoke）！16.__________（have）thisorange，please.17.She__________（stay）athometoday.werewatchcollectingworkedhelprisessmokingHavestays18.Jackisgoodat__________（run），andheis__________（run）ontheplaygroundnow.19.A：Listen!Who__________（sing）?B：Oh,itisMissGreen.Shealways________（sing）and________（dance）inthemusicroomafterschool.NextMondayshe______________________（sing）forusinclass.20.A：__________yourfriends__________（come）toyourbirthdaypartyyesterday?B：Yes,andthey__________（give）mealotofbirthdaypresents.runningrunningissingingsingsdanceswillsing/isgoingtosingDidcomegave四、Readandchoose.單項填空。（）1.Lucy：CanI__________yourbike？Lily：Sure.A.rideB.ridingC.toride（）2.Myfather__________anewcar.He__________itverymuch.A.have；likeB.has；likesC.has；like（）3.__________heoften__________hishomeworkatschool？A.Does；doB.Does；doesC.Do；does

ABA（）4.Oliver：Whatisshedoing？Tony：She__________.A.singsB.willdanceC.iscleaningherroom（）5.Thesun__________downinthewest.A.goB.isgoingtoC.goes（）6.Maryoftenhelpshermum__________thedishes.A.doesB.doC.doing（）7.Ienjoy__________tomusic.A.listenB.listeningC.listenedCCBB（）8.Father__________onhiscoatandwentout.A.putsB.putC.putting（）9.I__________totheteacher，butIdidn't__________him.A.listen；heardB.listened；heardC.listened；hear（）10.What__________you__________lastweekend？A.will；doB.does；doC.did；do（）11.Tony__________toschoolbybikelastyear.A.goesB.wentC.willgo（）12.MrSmith__________toseeyouinanhour.A.cameB.comesC.willcomeBCCBC（）13.MyfriendPeter__________verywell.A.swimB.runningC.sings（）14.LiLei__________likefish，buthissister___