高中英語選擇性必修一 2.1 Reading and thinking 練習（詳解版）

【新教材精創(chuàng)】學科網2020-2021學年高中英語新教材同步備課（人教版選擇性必修第一冊）Period1

Reading

and

Thinking練習I.單詞拼寫。1.TheBrownslovethesofahappyhomelife.

（安全）2.Hydrogenandoxygenctoformwater.

（結合）3.Thepolicearecheckingthesceneofthec.

（犯罪）4.Thechemicalsofthisparticularmoleculeisveryunusual.

（結構）5.Thestoryisamagicalmixoffandreality.

（幻想）6.Itissaidthatthisheatingsystemhasanatemperaturecontrol.

(自動的)7.(使融合)thekidswiththecommunityaswellasfindingthemarole,isessential.

8.Theyincludethefloorexercisesasaregularpartoftheirfitness(常規(guī)).

9.TheOfficialGuideAppis(可獲得的)forfreeinboththeAppStoreandGooglePlay.

10.Wehavesufferedaserioussetback.N,wemustnotbediscouraged.

【答案】1.security2.combine3.crime4.structure5.fantasy6.automatic7.Integrating8.routine9.available10.Nevertheless【解析】考察學生在語境中的語用能力。II.完成句子。1.也許在不久的將來我們就能治愈艾滋病。inthenearfuturewewillbeabletocureAIDS.

【答案】:Itispossiblethat2.知道如何解決這個問題是重要的。Ithowtosolvetheproblem.

【答案】:isimportanttoknow3.上課記筆記是一個好習慣。Ittomakenotesinclass.

【答案】:isagoodhabit4.我一做出最后的決定就感到輕松多了。Ihadmadethefinaldecision,Ifeltalotmorerelaxed.

【答案】:Assoonas5.他堅持要我們參加這次講座。Heinsistedthat.

【答案】:weattendthelecture6.最好不要和山姆閑逛。____________________________________withSamthen.【答案】Betternothangout7.我總覺得他沒把他知道的事全告訴我們。I_____________________________heknowsmorethanhehastoldus.【答案】can’thelpthinking8.我現在很忙,無法幫忙打掃房間。Iambusyatthemoment,so______________________________theroom.【答案】Ican’thelptoclean【解析】考察學生在語境中對短語的語用能力。III.閱讀理解。Thelong,whiterobotweighsmorethan450kilograms.Likeotherrobots,itisequippedwithcamerasandmechanicalarmstoautomaticallyperformmanydifferentjobs.AngusisamajorpartofoperationsatAlexander’sindoorrobotfarm,about40kilometerssouthofSanFrancisco.The743-squaremeterfarmusesahydroponicsystemthatgrowsplantswithoutsoil.Theplantsgrowinsideequipmentthatprovidesacontinuousflowofwater.Theindoorfarmuseselectricallightinsteadofsunlight. Thiskindoffarmusesmuchlesswateranddoesnotrequirehumanlabortorun.ThemainjobforAngusistomovethousandsofplantsaroundthefarm,fromsmallcontainerstolargeronesastheygrow.Angusalsocarriesplantstoanotherrobotthatdoesnothaveanameyet.Angusmovesslowlytocompleteitswork.Buttherobotisverystrongandcanliftabout300kilograms.Fornow,thefarmuseshumanstocollectvegetablesandothercropswhentheyareready.ButAlexandersaysheisworkingonarobotthatwilleventuallytakeoverthatjobtoo.AlexanderhelpedstartthecompanyIronOxafterleavingGoogle,whereheworkedonroboticsatthecompany’sGooglexproject.HeteamedupwithanotherformerGoogleemployee,JonBinney.TogethertheyfoundedIronOx.IronOx’swebsitesaysthehydroponicgrowingsystemuses90percentlesswater.Italsosaidthegrowingmethodisupto30timesmoreproductivethangrowingcropsonland.Alexandersaidgrowingfoodroboticallythroughouttheyearinmajorcitieswillprovideamoreconsistentandfreshproduct.MostofthevegetablessoldintheU.S.aregrowninCalifornia,Arizona,Mexicoandothernations.ThatmeansthatmanypeopleinU.S.citiesareeatingvegetablesthatarenearlyaweekoldbythetimetheyarriveinstores.Indoorfarmsoperateallyearandarenotgenerallyaffectedbybadweather.Thiswillpermitthecompanytoprovideasteadyflowofgoodswithoutmajorpricechanges.1.HowdoesAngusworkinthefarm?A.Itprovidesacontinuousflowofwaterfortheplants. B.Itdirectsotherrobotstoworkinthefarm.C.Itworksoncollectingvegetables. D.Itisinchargeoftransferringplants.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)題。定位在第三段第二句話，themainjobforAngustomovethousandsofplantsfromaroundthefarm,fromsmallcontainerstolargeronesastheygrow,即它的工作就是，當植物長大了，把植物從小的容器里搬到大的容器里。選項D中的transfer意思是“轉移”。故選D.2.WhatdoweknowaboutAlexander?A.HeusedtoworkonroboticsatGoogle. B.HestartedacompanystudyingroboticswithBinney.C.Heworksoncollectingcropswhentheyareready.D.HestartedIronOxbyhimself.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)題。定位在第五段第一句話，whereheworkedonroboticsatthecompany’sGoogleXproject,故選A.3.What’stheadvantageofAlexander’sfarm?A.Thevegetablesfromthisfarmsellinhigherprice. B.Thevegetablesfromthisfarmaremorenutritious.C.Ituseselectricallightinsteadofsunlight. D.Ituseslesswaterbutproducesmore.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)題。定位在倒數第三段，這一段中提到了這個系統(tǒng)的兩個好處：節(jié)約水和高產量，故選D.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.RobotFarm,theFutureoftheAgriculture B.RobotFarm,AimingtoBringFresherFoodtoUSCitiesC.Alexander,anExtraordinaryScientistonRoboticsD.HydroponicSystem,theNewWayofFarming【答案】B【解析】主旨題。本文主要介紹了機器人農場及其優(yōu)勢，并將會給人們帶來更新鮮故選B.IV.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Imaginethatyourlifeislikeatreasurehunt.Oneday,aparticulargoal__1__yourattentionandyoudecideto__2__onatreasurehunt.Youbeginthelonghikeandencountera__3__ortwoalongtheway.Alreadythe__4__pathisstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasurethatyouhavebeenimagining.Thingsget__5__whenyoufinallyarriveatthespot.Yousaytoyourself,“Thisdoesn'tlooklikethetreasureI__6__imagined!Imustbeonthewrongpath.I__7__allthistime！”Youwonder，“Hmm...maybeIshould__8__goals？”afterthinkingforafewmoments.It's__9__tofeelasenseofdisappointmentor__10__whenthisoccurs,butIthinkthedeeperproblemis__11__inhowweapproachedthetreasureinthefirstplace.The__12__isthatmostpeoplespendalloftheirtimethinkingaboutthetreasure.Thefastestwaytogettoaparticularspot,__13__，istosetyourcompassandstartwalking.Theideahereistocommittoyourgoalwiththestrongest__14__.Developaclear,single－minded__15__forwhereyouare.Andthen__16__allofyourenergytothejourneyandbecommittedtothepathyouarewalking.Inotherwords,yourgoalbecomesyourcompass,notyourburiedtreasure.Thegoalisyour__17__，notyourdestination.Thegoalisamissionthatyouareon,apaththatyou__18__.Thatisjustfineandworthwhile,__19__comesfromthatpath.Itisthecommitmenttowalkingthepaththat__20__．【文章大意】本文為議論文。生活就像一次尋寶之旅，到頭來我們會發(fā)現所尋之物并非所愿。問題的根源在于一開始我們就沒有弄清楚該如何接近寶藏。在方向確定后，目標是指南針不再是寶藏；目標是方向，不再是歸宿；目標是使命，是選擇的道路。忠誠于自己所選的道路，盡心盡力，風雨兼程。1.A.reminds B.turnsC.pays D.grabs1.【答案】D【解析】此處指“一個特定的目標吸引了你的注意力”，grab“吸引(某人的注意)”符合語境。remind“提醒”。2.A.setout B.workoutC.giveout D.turnout2.【答案】A【解析】此處指你決定動身踏上這一尋寶之旅，setout“動身”符合語境。workout“鍛煉身體；計算出”；giveout“分發(fā)”；turnout“結果是”。3.A.challenge B.misfortuneC.story D.surprise3.【答案】A【解析】由“isstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasure”中的“different”以及“Imustbeonthewrongpath”中的“wrong”可知，尋寶之旅遭受了挑戰(zhàn)(challenge)。misfortune“不幸”。4.A.smooth B.actualC.narrow D.false4.【答案】B【解析】根據上下文尤其是空后的“pathisstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasurethatyouhavebeenimagining”可知，實際的(actual)道路和你之前想象的不一樣。smooth“平坦的”；narrow“狹窄的”；false“錯誤的”。5.A.better B.morecomplexC.morerelaxing D.worse5.【答案】D【解析】由下文中的“Thisdoesn'tlooklikethetreasureI__6__imagined!Imustbeonthewrongpath”可知，最初你感到尋寶之旅發(fā)生變化，到最后情況變得更加糟糕(worse)。6.A.hardly B.usuallyC.previously D.normally6.【答案】C【解析】根據語境尤其是“pathisstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasurethatyouhavebeenimagining”可知，此處表示這和先前(previously)想象的不一樣。7.A.forgot B.wastedC.valued D.managed7.【答案】B【解析】由空前的“Imustbeonthewrongpath”可知，此處表示自己走錯了路，浪費(wasted)了這些時間。value“重視；珍視”；manage“努力完成”。8.A.attain B.assessC.switch D.achieve8.【答案】C【解析】由“Imustbeonthewrongpath”可知，此處表示以為自己走錯了路，所以沒有找到想要的寶藏，故認為自己應改變(switch)目標。attain“獲得”；assess“評價；評定”。9.A.natural B.necessaryC.obvious D.strange9.【答案】A【解析】根據行文邏輯可知，走錯了路，尋錯了寶，為此感到很失落是很正常的(natural)事。necessary“必要的”；obvious“明顯的”；strange“奇怪的；陌生的”。10.A.failure B.confusionC.shame D.ignorance10.【答案】B【解析】由“maybeIshould__8__goals”可知，你走錯了路，找到的寶藏不是想要的，感覺要不要改變目標，這是一種困惑(confusion)，故選B項。failure“失敗”；shame“恥辱”；ignorance“無知”。11.A.buffed B.lostC.absorbed D.rooted11.【答案】D【解析】根據語境可知，此處表示作者分析沒有找到想要的寶藏的根源(rooted)在于一開始就沒有弄清楚該如何接近寶藏。12.A.evidence B.lessonC.truth D.problem12.【答案】D【解析】根據空后的“mostpeoplespendalloftheirtimethinkingaboutthetreasure.Thefastestwaytogettoaparticularspot,__13__，istosetyourcompassandstartwalking”可知，花費所有的時間想寶藏而不設置好指南針再出發(fā)是問題(problem)所在。evidence“證據”；lesson“教訓”；truth“真相”。13.A.anyway B.howeverC.otherwise D.therefore13.【答案】B【解析】參見上題【解析】。14.A.belief B.feelingsC.support D.nerves14.【答案】A【解析】根據下文中的“becommittedtothepathyouarewalking”和“Itisthecommitmenttowalkingthepath”并結合語境可知，你要專注于(focus)往哪里去，然后堅定地走下去，故此處表示你需要有最強的信念(belief)。15.A.habit B.desireC.focus D.interest15.【答案】C【解析】參見上題【解析】。desire“愿望；渴望”。16.A.preserve B.improveC.research D.devote16.【答案】D【解析】根據語境可知，此處表示要傾盡所能，盡心盡力，風雨兼程。devote“獻身；致力；專心”，符合語境。preserve“保存”；improve“改善”。17.A.dream B.mottoC.direction D.schedule17.【答案】C【解析】文章最后一段是主旨的升華。結合文章主旨及選項可知，此處指目標是方向(direction)，不是歸宿。motto“箴言；格言”；schedule“日程安排”。18.A.follow B.showC.recommend D.demand18.【答案】A【解析】由上文中的“becommittedtothepathyouarewalking”可知，目標是一個使命，是一條需要遵循(follow)的道路。recommend“推薦”；demand“要求”。19.A.whichever B.whateverC.whoever D.whenever19.【答案】B【解析】此處指不論這條道路上有什么，那都很好，也很值得。whatever“無論什么”符合語境。20.A.deserves B.countsC.works D.gathers20.【答案】B【解析】根據空前一句可知，忠誠于自己所選的道路，盡心盡力才是最重要的。count“重要”符合語境。deserve“值得”；gather“聚集”。V.語法填空。（共10小題，每小時1.5分，滿分15分）Roofsandwindowsofbuildingsaren’ttheonlysurfacesthatcanbeusedtoproducesolarpower.InChina,1.(construct)hasbegunofthecountry’sfirstsolarhighway,inwhichsolarpanelsareplacedunderneaththetransparentconcrete.

Thesolarhighwayisa2kmstretch(一段)ofroad2.(lie)ontheJinanExpressway,andit’sdividedintothreelayers.Thesee-throughconcreteprotectsasetofsolarpanelsoftwo3.(size).Beneaththesolarpanels4.(be)alayerthatseparatesthemfromthedampground.

Theroad5.(it)hasalreadybeencompleted,andnowit’sonlyamatterofconnectingthegrid,6.isexpectedtobefinishedbytheendoftheyearalongsidethecompletionoftheJinanExpressway’ssouthsection.

Thisisn’tthefirstsolarroadChinahasworkedon.Earlierthisyear,theQiluTransportationDevelopmentGroup,alsohandlingtheJinanExpressway’ssolarhighway,7.(build)a160-metre-longsolarroadin8.cityofJinan.Ithastheabilityofheatinguptokeeptheroadclear9.snowandiceandisableto10.(wireless)chargeelectricvehicles.Thenewsolarexpresswayisexpectedtoonedaybeequippedwiththesamefeatures.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國第一條太陽能公路的建設過程。在這條公路上,太陽能電池板被放置在透明的混凝土下面。1.construction考查詞形轉換。此處作主語,故用名詞construction。2.lying考查非謂語動詞。因solarhighway與lie之間是主動關系,故用現在分詞lying作后置定語。3.sizes考查名詞復數。根據two可知,此處應用復數形式sizes。4.is考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。此句是全部倒裝句,句子是一般現在時,主語是alayer,因此動詞用第三人稱單數,故填is。5.itself考查反身代詞。此處指“道路本身”,故用itself。6.which考查非限制性定語從句。此處connectingthegrid是先行詞,指物,在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語,故填which。7.built考查動詞時態(tài)。空處作謂語動詞,根據earlierthisyear可知,句子用一般過去時,故填built。8.the考查定冠詞。此處表示特指,用定冠詞。inthecityof…在……市。9.of考查介詞。keep…clearof使……擺脫……。10.wirelessly考查副詞。此處charge是動詞,需用副詞修飾動詞,故填wirelessly。ⅤI.應用文寫作假定你是李華,你的美國筆友Tom得知你校上月舉辦了首屆校園科技節(jié)活動,發(fā)郵件向你詢問相關情況,請你回復郵件。內容包括:1.活動的目的;2.活動的形式:如智能校園創(chuàng)客(maker)大賽、科創(chuàng)成果展等;3.你的感受。注意:1.詞數80左右;開頭已給出,不計入總詞數;2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。DearTom,IamexcitedtotellyouthatthefirstScienceandTechnologyFestivalwasheldinourschoollastmonth,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________