專四語法之比較結(jié)構(gòu)課件

比較結(jié)構(gòu)一比較結(jié)構(gòu)

(comparativeConstruction)英語中比較結(jié)構(gòu)最主要有三種：as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)more…than…結(jié)構(gòu)themost…結(jié)構(gòu)1.as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)基本模式：as+adj/adv(原級）+as…否定形式：1)notas/so+adj/adv(原級）+as…2)也可用less…than…e.gJohnisasbrightasBob.(否定）JohnisnotasbrightasBob.JohnislessbrightthanBob.用法：主語不同，比較項目相同。

Thisparcelisasheavyasthatone.2.主語相同，比較項目不同。Thegirlwasasbrilliantasshewasbeautiful.

這姑娘既漂亮又聰明。3.主語和比較項目都不同。

Theswimmingpoolisn’ttwiceaswideasthatoneislong.（倍數(shù)+as+adj/adv+as..)另一種模式：asmuch/many+n+as…

否定形式：notas/somuch/many+n+as…1)Hetookasmuchbutterasheneed.Hedidn’ttakeas/somuchbutterasheneeded.2)Shehaswrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother(does).Shehasn’twrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother(does).變體形式：as+adj(原級）+名詞詞組+as…(注意下列句子的語序）1.GeorgeisasefficientaworkerasJack.(名詞的意義受到強調(diào)）orGeorgeisaworker(whois)asefficientasJack.(形容詞的意義受到強調(diào)）2.Idon’twantasexpensiveacarasthis.2.more…than…結(jié)構(gòu)1)用于在兩個人或物之間作同一方面的比較。Theconcertwasmoreenjoyablethanlecture.2)用于同一個人或物的本身作不同方面的比較。Thepresentcrisisismuchmoreapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.當(dāng)前的危機與其說是經(jīng)濟(jì)危機，不如說是政治危機。此用法也可用于less…than…結(jié)構(gòu)，但得出相反的含義。Thepresentcrisisismuchlessapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.當(dāng)前的危機與其說是政治危機，不如說是經(jīng)濟(jì)危機。3.（the）+adj/adv最高級+比較范圍

比較級形式表示最高級意義時，比較對象的范圍應(yīng)用：anyother+單數(shù)名詞theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞

theothersanyone/anythingelse上述詞是用來將比較級結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變成最高級意義的關(guān)鍵詞語，切不可遺漏，否則會造成邏輯混亂的錯誤?！a充說明1notso…as¬somuch…asLondonisn’tsobigasTokyo.倫敦沒有東京大。Itwasn’tsomuchhisappearanceIlikedashispersonality.(與其說我喜歡他的外表，不如說我喜歡他的為人。）前一例相當(dāng)于一般的比較結(jié)構(gòu)，后一例相當(dāng)于less…than的含義。

notsomuchas是一個專四常考結(jié)構(gòu)。真題舉例：Itisnot

so

muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(99,45)(07.57)【注：同一個句子專四考了兩次，這說明了反復(fù)看往年題的重要性】Thattrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn’tbotheredbyhisloudnesssomuchasbyhislackoftalent.(04,41)2.notmore/-erthan與nomore/-erthanJohnisnotbetterthanTom.(否定前者，肯定后者)JohnisnobetterthanTom.(對前后者都否定）真題舉例：Overpopulationposeaterriblethreattohumanrace.Yetitisprobablynotmoreathreatthanenvironmentaldestruction.(07.62)3.nomore…than(=not…anymorethan)兩者一樣都不Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.鯨不是魚，如同馬不是魚一樣。Fatcannotchangeintomuscleanymorethanmusclechangesintofat.(99.44)脂肪不能變成肌肉，就如同肌肉不能變成脂肪一樣。4.themore…themore…與moreandmorethemore...themore…表示兩個過程中同時遞增，是主從結(jié)構(gòu)。moreandmore只表示一個過程的不斷增長。如…thewildertherangeofourlifeandthemorevariousthecontactswehave,thewilderandsupplermustbeourcommandoverarangofEnglishstyles.5.“ofa+n”的比較級“ofa+n”相當(dāng)于一個形容詞，表示具有后面那個名詞的性質(zhì)；若該名詞為可數(shù)名詞，名詞之前要加不定冠詞。它的比較級也要用more來修飾。如Heismoreofadoctor.他更像個醫(yī)生。該結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用于同級比較結(jié)構(gòu)中。如Heisasofanathleteasshe.他和她一樣具備運動員的素質(zhì)。Thereareasgoodfishinthesea_____evercameoutofit.(2007,51)Than B.like C.as D.soItisnot____muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(2007,57)A.That B.as C.so D.veryItwas____wehadhoped.(2006,64)A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchasDoyouknowTim’sbrother?Heis_____thanTim.A.muchmoresportsmanB.moreofasportsmanC.moreofsportsmanD.moreasportsmanOverpopulationposeaterriblethreattohumanrace.Yetitisprobably______athreatthanenvironmentaldestruction.(07,62)A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmoreThelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,_____tothetruck.(2004,57)A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestressAnewlaptopcostsabout______ofasecond-handone.(2009,55)A.thepriceofthreetimesB.threetimes