河南省南陽市高二英語下學期期末考試試題（含解析）

河南省南陽市2019-2020學年高二英語下學期期末考試試題（含解析）注：本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分。共150分，考試時間120分鐘?？忌鞔饡r，將答案答在答題卡上（答題注意事項見答題卡），在本試題卷上答題無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共100分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthespeakersdolastnight?A.Theyworkedlate.B.Theysawafilm.C.TheywatchedTV.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inaclothingstore.C.Inanoffice.3.Whydoesthewomanwanttohelp?A.Shemisseshavingapet.B.Itiseasytotakecareofacat.C.Helpingpeopleisherfavorite.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodofirst?A.Havelunch.B.Pickupthepackage.C.Buysomecoffeebeans.5.Whatistheman’sjob?A.Asecurityman.B.Awatchrepairer.C.Anofficeworker.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomanabouttodo?A.Jumpfromaplane.B.Crossaroad.C.Driveacar.7.Howlongdidthewomantrain?A.Years.B.Weeks.C.Days.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthemanusuallywatchshows?A.OnTV.B.Onhisphone.C.Onthecomputer.9.Whatwillthespeakersdotonight?A.Godancing.B.Seeanactionmovie.C.Watchacomedyshow.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.HowlongdopeopleintheBlueZonesoftenlive?A.Around70years.B.About90years.C.Over100years.11.Howdidtheman’sfatherchangehislifestyle?A.Bylearningtocook.B.Bychanginghiseatinghabits.C.Bydoingexerciseinthegym.12.Whatdidtheman’sfatherfind?A.Hisneighborswereveryactive.B.Olderpeopledidn’tmovealot.C.Growingvegetableshasmanybenefits.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whoistheman?A.Thewoman’steacher.B.Thewoman’sfriend.C.Thewoman’sbrother.14.Whydon’tthewoman’sparentswanthertoworkintheartfield?A.Sheisnotgoodatit.B.Theincomemaybelow.C.Theydon’tthinkshewillbesuccessful.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofart?A.Itisnotimportant.B.Ithelpspeoplestudybetter.C.Itmakeslifeinteresting.16.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Talktoherparents.B.Explainhistalenttoherparents.C.Drawsomepicturesforherparents.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Awritingwebsite.B.Areadingwebsite.C.Aculturewebsite.18.WhichbookofJane’ssellsbest?A.SweetLife.B.BrokenArts.C.DifferentLives.19.WhatdoesJaneoffer?A.Checking.B.Methods.C.Criticism.20.Howmanyvideolessonsarethereinthecourse?A.Two.B.Six.C.Eight.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。AYNotFestivalThefestivallineup(陣容):RoyalBlood,CraigDavidPresentsTS5,BombayBicycleClub,Rag’n’BoneMan.YNotFestivalhascomealongwaysinceitstartedout15yearsago,winningtheUK’sBestSmallFestivalawardandbecomingoneofthecountry’smostpopular,small,freshandloudmusicfestivalsinthedecadeandahalfsince,attractingworld-knownperformerstoparticipatein.ItwilltakeplaceonthecomingsummerweekendinthesurroundingsofPikehall.Readytomakeyouronlinefollowersenvious?NASSFestivalThefestivallineup:Chase&Status,TheStreets,Solardo,AndyC,ShyFX,HolyGoofNASSFestivalistheUK’sbiggestcelebrationofmusic,streetartandbicyclemotocross.Displayedacrossfourdays,from9thto12th,Julyand11stagesattheBath&WestShowgroundinSheptonMallet,NASSFestivallaysonaweekendofathleticcompetitionsinskatingandbicyclemotocross,aswellasmusicperformancesbydistinguishedpeopleandbands.DownloadFestivalThefestivallineup:KISS,IronMaiden,Kom,Deftones,Disturbed,VolbeatProbablythemostwell-knownheavymetalfestival,DownloadFestivaltookoverfromtheMORFestivalatDerby’sDoningtonParkthissummer.Isthreedayswaspackedwiththebiggestnamesfromthe70srightuptothenewestgeneration,withKISS,oneofthemostfamousAmericanrockbands,onstagefirst.KendalCallingThefestivallineup:Foals,Stereophonics,PrimalScream,Supergrass,Blossoms,TheKooksAnnuallyKendalCallingmixesadiverseandwell-knownlineupthatcoversvarioustypes,whilealsolayingonawiderangeoffoodanddrink,aswellasentertainments,bars,andamarket.Asaresult,it’saperfectfestivaltotakethefamilyto.AllinthebeautifulsurroundingsofLowtherDeerPark.1.Whichfestivalcombinesgameswithmusic?A.KendalCalling. B.DownloadFestival.C.NASSFestival. D.YNotFestival.2.Wheredothosewhoarefondofrockmusicmostprobablygo?A.Pikehall B.SheptonMallet C.DoningtonPark D.LowtherDeerPark3.Whatdothefourfestivalshaveincommon?A.Theyareaimedatyoungpeople. B.Theytakeplaceinthesamemonth.C.Theyarebroadcastliveonline. D.Theyinvolvemanymusicaltalents.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個和音樂相關的節(jié)日，以及出演陣容和節(jié)日特色。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NASSFestival部分中NASSFestivallaysonaweekendofathleticcompetitionsinskatingandbicyclemotocross,aswellasmusicperformancesbydistinguishedpeopleandbands.可知NASS節(jié)在周末舉行滑冰和自行車越野比賽，以及著名人士和樂隊的音樂表演。由此可知，NASS節(jié)把游戲和音樂結(jié)合在一起了。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DownloadFestival部分中Probablythemostwell-knownheavymetalfestival,DownloadFestivaltookoverfromtheMORFestivalatDerby’sDoningtonParkthissummer.Isthreedayswaspackedwiththebiggestnamesfromthe70srightuptothenewestgeneration,withKISS,oneofthemostfamousAmericanrockbands,onstagefirst.可知Download節(jié)可能是最知名的重金屬音樂節(jié)，今年夏天，Download節(jié)接替了Derby的Donington的MOR音樂節(jié)。從70年代到新一代的大牌云集，美國最著名的搖滾樂隊KISS首先登臺。由此可知，喜歡搖滾樂的人最可能去DoningtonPark。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YNotFestival部分中YNotFestivalhascomealongwaysinceitstartedout15yearsago,winningtheUK’sBestSmallFestivalawardandbecomingoneofthecountry’smostpopular,small,freshandloudmusicfestivalsinthedecadeandahalfsince,attractingworld-knownperformerstoparticipatein.(自15年前創(chuàng)立以來，YNot音樂節(jié)取得了長足的進步，贏得了英國最佳小型音樂節(jié)獎，并成為15年來英國最受歡迎的小型、新鮮、喧鬧的音樂節(jié)之一，吸引了世界知名的表演者參與其中)；NASSFestival部分中NASSFestivallaysonaweekendofathleticcompetitionsinskatingandbicyclemotocross,aswellasmusicperformancesbydistinguishedpeopleandbands.(NASS節(jié)在周末舉行滑冰和自行車越野比賽，以及著名人士和樂隊的音樂表演)；DownloadFestival部分中Isthreedayswaspackedwiththebiggestnamesfromthe70srightuptothenewestgeneration,withKISS,oneofthemostfamousAmericanrockbands,onstagefirst.(從70年代到新一代的大牌云集，美國最著名的搖滾樂隊KISS首先登臺)以及KendalCalling部分中AnnuallyKendalCallingmixesadiverseandwell-knownlineupthatcoversvarioustypes(每年KendalCalling混合多樣和著名的名人陣容，涵蓋各種類型)同時，他們分別列出了要參與的明星陣容，由此可知，這四個節(jié)日共同之處是他們涉及許多音樂人才。故選D。BAmericanchildrenarestilleatinglotsoffastfood---andinspiteofrestaurants’promisesofhealthyoptions,mostkidsarestickingwithfriesoversalads.SomeinfamouschainslikeMcDonald’sandWendy’shavepromisedtoofferhealthieroptionsontheirkid’smenus,buttheyaren’tallstickingit,accordingtoareportfromtheRuddCenter.Infact,nearlyallparentsarebuyingtheirkidsatleastonefastfoodmealaweek.Healthyfruitsandvegetablesmaybealltherageamongadults,butbusyparentsstillchoosequickmealsforthemselvesandtheirkids.Itdoesn’tlooklikefastfoodisgoingawayanytimesoon.ScientistsattheRuddCentersurveyedabout800parentsin2010,thenagainin2013and2016.Thingshavenotimprovedmuchovertheyears.OfthevastmajorityofparentswhohadmadeatriptoMcDonald’s,BurgerKing,Wendy’sorSubwayinthelastweek,74%orderedanunhealthysideordrink.Theolderthechildren,themorelikelytheirparentsweretochoosefriesinsteadofafruit,orasimilarlesshealthymenuitem.Andabout35%ofparentsorderedregularadultmenuitemsfortheir2to11--year-oldchildren,meaningthesekidswereoftengettinglarger,lessnutritiouslunchesanddinners.Evenastheyintroducedoptionslikefruitjuices,low-fatmilkandyogurttotheirmenus,somerestaurantshavealsoaddeddessertsandothercalorie-heavyoptionstotheirkids’menuitems.Sodespitewhat’snowonoffer,kidsaregettingequallyorlessnutritiousmeals,nowadays,whichismostlybecausefastfoodrestaurantsstillpromotetheirunhealthyoptions,andsideslikefriesarestillallowed.“Whilemostfast-foodrestaurantsdohavehealthierkids’mealdrinksandsidesavailable,manydolittletomakeparentsawareofthehealthieroptionsortoencourageparentstochoosethehealthieroptionsinsteadofunhealthyones,”saidleadstudyauthorJenniferHarris.“Ifrestaurantsareseriousaboutchildren’shealth,theywillmakethehealthiestchoiceandeasiestforparentsandthemostappealingchoiceforchildren.”4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“alltherage”inParagraph2mean?A.popular. B.necessary. C.potential. D.modern.5.Whichofthefollowingcansummarizetheparentssurveyedinthereport?A.ManyparentsliketoeatinMcDonald’s.B.Manyparentsthinkeatingfastfoodishealthy.C.Manyparentstendtochooseunhealthyfoodintheirdailylife.D.Manyparentsalwaysignorethehealthyfoodintheirdailylife.6.Whatshouldkidsavoideatinginfast-foodrestaurants?A.Fruitsjuices. B.Desserts. C.Low-fatmilk. D.Yogurt.7.WhatdoesJenniferHarrisadvisemostfast-foodrestaurantstodo?A.Offerhealthiermealsforkids. B.Takechildren’shealthseriously.C.Behonestabouttheirbusiness. D.Guideparentshowtoorderahealthymeal.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。美國兒童仍在吃大量的快餐——盡管餐館承諾提供健康食品，大多數(shù)孩子還是堅持吃薯條而不是沙拉。一項2010年對大約800名家長的調(diào)查顯示，許多父母在日常生活中傾向于選擇不健康的食物。文章同時指出了有哪些不健康的食物，以及他人對此的建議是大多數(shù)快餐店指導父母如何點健康餐?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文amongadults,butbusyparentsstillchoosequickmealsforthemselvesandtheirkids.可知健康的水果和蔬菜也許在成年人中很流行，但忙碌的父母仍然為自己和孩子選擇快餐。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明水果和蔬菜在成年人中流行，但是父母還是會給孩子選擇快餐。由此可知，劃線短語意思為“受歡迎的”。故選A。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中OfthevastmajorityofparentswhohadmadeatriptoMcDonald’s,BurgerKing,Wendy’sorSubwayinthelastweek,74%orderedanunhealthysideordrink.Theolderthechildren,themorelikelytheirparentsweretochoosefriesinsteadofafruit,orasimilarlesshealthymenuitem.Andabout35%ofparentsorderedregularadultmenuitemsfortheir2to11--year-oldchildren,meaningthesekidswereoftengettinglarger,lessnutritiouslunchesanddinners.可知上周去過麥當勞、漢堡王、Wendy's或賽百味的父母中，74%的人點了不健康的快餐或飲料。孩子們的年齡越大，他們的父母就越有可能選擇炸薯條而不是水果，或者類似的不太健康的菜單。大約35%的父母會為他們2到11歲的孩子點常規(guī)的成人菜單，這意味著這些孩子通常會變得越來越胖，午餐和晚餐的營養(yǎng)也越來越少。由此可知，許多父母在日常生活中傾向于選擇不健康的食物。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Evenastheyintroducedoptionslikefruitjuices,low-fatmilkandyogurttotheirmenus,somerestaurantshavealsoaddeddessertsandothercalorie-heavyoptionstotheirkids’menuitems.可知一些餐廳在將果汁、低脂牛奶和酸奶加入菜單的同時，還在孩子們的菜單上添加了甜點和其他高熱量食品。由此可知，孩子們在快餐店應該避免吃甜品。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilemostfast-foodrestaurantsdohavehealthierkids’mealdrinksandsidesavailable,manydolittletomakeparentsawareofthehealthieroptionsortoencourageparentstochoosethehealthieroptionsinsteadofunhealthyones,”saidleadstudyauthorJenniferHarris.“Ifrestaurantsareseriousaboutchildren’shealth,theywillmakethehealthiestchoiceandeasiestforparentsandthemostappealingchoiceforchildren.”可知研究報告的主要作者JenniferHarris說：“雖然大多數(shù)快餐店確實有健康的兒童餐飲料和輔食，但很多快餐店幾乎沒有做什么來讓父母了解健康的選擇，或者鼓勵父母選擇健康的，而不是不健康的。如果餐館真的關心孩子的健康，他們會做出對父母來說最健康、最容易、對孩子來說最吸引人的選擇?！庇纱丝芍琂enniferHarris建議大多數(shù)快餐店指導父母如何點健康餐。故選D。CUntilnow,theoldestevidenceofhumanancestorsoutsideofAfricawasinDmanisi,Georgia.HerefossilsofshortpeoplethoughttobeearlyHomoerectusdatebacktoabout1.85millionyears—justafterthespeciesappearsinAfrica.TheoldestevidenceofearlyhumanactivityinChinacandatebackto1.5millionto1.7millionyearsago,whichhassuggestedthattheydidn’tleaveAfricauntil2millionyearsagoorso—andmadeittoeasternAsiaevenlater.NowevidencefromthesiteofShangchenintheLoessPlateauapproximately1,200kilometerssouthwestofBeijingisshakingupthatview.Morethan2millionyearsago,ourancestorswerealreadyworldtravelers,whichshowsthattheancestorsofmodernhumansleftAfricaatleast250,000yearsearlierthanthought.Italsosupportsaminorityviewthatakeyhumanancestors,Homoerectus,mayhaveoriginatedinAsia,notinAfrica.Thesameteam,ledbygeologistZhaoYuzhuoftheGuangzhouInstituteofGeochemistryattheChineseAcademyofSciencefoundthatthestonetoolsrangeinagefrom1.6millionto2.1millionsyearsago.Thisindicateshumans—thefamilythatincludeshumansandourancestors—gotoutofAfricaatleastaquarterofamillionyearsearlierthanthought,andoccupiedShangchenonandoffformorethan850,000years,theteamreportstodayinNature.“Thedatesareconvincing,”ZhaoYuezhusays,whichsuggesthumanswerealreadyremarkablyadaptabletothechangeableclimateby2.1millionsago—eventhoughtheyhadnotyetdevelopedtheevenbiggerbrains,longlegs,ormoreadvancedtoolsseeninlaterhumans.Althoughtheidentityoftheseearlytravelersallovertheworldisunknown,thenewdatesraisethepossibilitythatH.Erectsweren’tthefirsthumanstoleaveAfrica.8.What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.TheearlyhumanactivityinChina.B.Theearliesttimeofthehumanancestor.C.Theoldestevidenceofthehumanancestor.D.Thetimeofhumanancestor’sarrivingattheEasternAsia.9.WhatdoestheevidencefromthesiteofShangchensuggest?A.Humanancestorswerefoundoftravelling.B.HumanancestorslivedinAsianotinAfrica.C.HumanancestorsleftAfricaearlierthanthought.D.HumanancestorsoccupiedShangchenformanyyears.10.Whycouldhumanancestorstravelthroughtheworld?A.Theiridentitieshadbeenunfamiliartoothers.B.Thestructuresintheirbodyweredifferentfromus.C.Theyhadthesameadvancedtoolsasthelaterhuman’s.D.Theyhadabilitiestoadapttothechangeableenvironment.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheOriginoftheHuman. B.TheNewDatesaboutAfrica.C.ThewaysofStudyingtheHuman. D.TheLatestDiscoveryaboutHumanAncestors.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了中國早期人類活動最古老的證據(jù)可以追溯到150萬到170萬年前，這表明他們直到大約200萬年前才離開非洲，甚至更晚才到達東亞。如今上陳遺址的證據(jù)表明人類祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的要早，文章還說明了其他人對此的看法?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Untilnow,theoldestevidenceofhumanancestorsoutsideofAfricawasinDmanisi,Georgia.HerefossilsofshortpeoplethoughttobeearlyHomoerectusdatebacktoabout1.85millionyears—justafterthespeciesappearsinAfrica.TheoldestevidenceofearlyhumanactivityinChinacandatebackto1.5millionto1.7millionyearsago,whichhassuggestedthattheydidn’tleaveAfricauntil2millionyearsagoorso---andmadeittoeasternAsiaevenlater.可知到目前為止，非洲以外的人類祖先最古老的證據(jù)是在格魯吉亞的Dmanisi。在這里，被認為是早期直立人的矮個子的化石可以追溯到大約185萬年前——就在這個物種出現(xiàn)在非洲之后。中國早期人類活動的最古老證據(jù)可以追溯到150萬至170萬年前，這表明他們直到大約200萬年前才離開非洲，甚至更晚才到達東亞。由此可知，第一段的主旨是人類祖先最古老的證據(jù)。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Morethan2millionyearsago,ourancestorswerealreadyworldtravelers,whichshowsthattheancestorsofmodernhumansleftAfricaatleast250,000yearsearlierthanthought.可知200多萬年前，我們的祖先就已經(jīng)是世界旅行者了，這表明現(xiàn)代人類的祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的至少早了25萬年。由此可知，上陳遺址的證據(jù)表明人類祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的要早。故選C。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thedatesareconvincing,”ZhaoYuezhusays,whichsuggesthumanswerealreadyremarkablyadaptabletothechangeableclimateby2.1millionsago—eventhoughtheyhadnotyetdevelopedtheevenbiggerbrains,longlegs,ormoreadvancedtoolsseeninlaterhumans.可知“這些數(shù)據(jù)很有說服力，”趙躍柱說，這表明人類早在210萬年前就已經(jīng)非常適應多變的氣候了——盡管他們還沒有發(fā)展出更大的大腦、更長的腿，或者更先進的工具。由此可知，人類祖先可以周游世界，是因為他們有能力適應變化的環(huán)境。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中NowevidencefromthesiteofShangchenintheLoessPlateauapproximately1,200kilometerssouthwestofBeijingisshakingupthatview.可知現(xiàn)在，來自北京西南約1200公里黃土高原上陳遺址的證據(jù)動搖了這一觀點。結(jié)合文章主要說明了中國早期人類活動最古老的證據(jù)可以追溯到150萬到170萬年前，這表明他們直到大約200萬年前才離開非洲，甚至更晚才到達東亞。如今上陳遺址的證據(jù)表明人類祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的要早，文章還說明了其他人對此的看法。由此可知，D選項“關于人類祖先的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)”最符合文章標題。故選D。DTheHimalayanMountainsarehometothehighestpeakinMountEverest.Nowthefirstcompletestudyofthisremoteregionshowsthatisglaciers(冰川)lostbillionsoftonsoficefrom2000to2016.Thisisthefirstcomprehensivelookatwhat’shappenedtoglaciersintheHimalayaovera40-yeartime,saidleadauthorJoshuaMasurer.“Ourstudyshowsastrongsignalofglaciericelosslinkedtorisingtemperaturesfromclimatechange,”Maurersays.Asmuchasquarteroftheregionsicehasbeenlost,hesaid,“Temperaturesintheregionhaverisenonedegree,andonedegreewasindeedenoughtoproducesuchagreatlossofglacierice.”ThesignalshowingHimalayanicelosslinkedtorisingtemperatureswouldnotbesoclearifitweren’tfortheU.Ssatellitesthatphotographedtheregion.Declassifiedphotosfromthosesatelliteswereturnedinto3-Dmodelstoshowwhattheglaciers’elevationsandsizeswereinthe1970s,Maurersaid.ThosewerethencomparedtomorerecentcomplexNASAsatellitephotosthatshowschangingelevationsoftheiceovertime.TheiceandsnowintheregionarethesourceforAsia’sgreatrivers.Thestudydidnotincludethehugeneighbouringrangesofhighmountains,butotherstudiessuggestthatsimilarmeltingisunderwaythereaswell.Thismeltingmeansfloodingandthecreationofmanyglaciallakes.InMay2012,onesuchfloodkilledover60peopleinvillagesnearPokhara,Nepal;italsodestroyedhouses.Some800millionpeopledependinpartonriversfromHimalayanglaciersforirrigation,makingelectricity,anddrinkingwater.Themorerapidmeltingappearstoincreasetheriverwaterduringwarmseasons,butscientistssaythatwilldecreasewithindecadesastheglacierslosemass.12.WhydidtheglaciersintheHimalayanMountainslosemuchice?A.Manypeopleusedtheicetomakeelectricity.B.Theclimatechangeincreasedthetemperature.C.AmericausedsatellitetoincreaseonedegreeCelsius.D.Thefloodingandmanyglaciallakestookmuchiceaway.13.Howdidthescientistsgettheconclusion?ABymakinganinterview.B.Bystudyingthefindingofotherscientists.C.Bycollectinginformationbymeansofsatellites.D.BycomparingthedatacollectedbyU.S.satellites.14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?A.OnlytheglaciersinHimalayanMountainsloseice.B.ManygreatriversruntotheHimalayanMountains.C.ManyAsianregionsfacetheproblemoficeloss.D.Themeltingoficeisnothingserious.15.Whatisthepurposeofgivingtheexampleinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowtheriskoflivingnearmountains.B.Toshowtheriskyconsequenceoftheiceloss.C.Toaskpeopletotakeactiontouseglaciers.D.TopredictthefutureoftheHimalayanMountains.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。喜馬拉雅山脈是珠穆朗瑪峰最高峰的所在地?，F(xiàn)在，對這個偏遠地區(qū)的首次完整研究表明，從2000年到2016年，冰川流失了數(shù)十億噸的冰。這與氣候變化導致氣溫上升有關，科學家們是通過比較美國衛(wèi)星收集的數(shù)據(jù)得出這個結(jié)論的。亞洲的許多地區(qū)也面臨冰川流失的問題，文章還說明了冰流失會導致的問題?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ourstudyshowsastrongsignalofglaciericelosslinkedtorisingtemperaturesfromclimatechange,”Maurersays.可知Maurer說：“我們的研究顯示，冰川融化的強烈信號與氣候變化導致的氣溫上升有關。”由此可知，喜馬拉雅山脈的冰川會失去很多冰，因為氣候變化使氣溫上升。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段ThesignalshowingHimalayanicelosslinkedtorisingtemperatureswouldnotbesoclearifitweren’tfortheU.Ssatellitesthatphotographedtheregion.Declassifiedphotosfromthosesatelliteswereturnedinto3-Dmodelstoshowwhattheglaciers’elevationsandsizeswereinthe1970s,Maurersaid.ThosewerethencomparedtomorerecentcomplexNASAsatellitephotosthatshowschangingelevationsoftheiceovertime.可知如果不是美國衛(wèi)星拍攝到該地區(qū)的照片，顯示喜馬拉雅冰川融化與氣溫升高有關的信號就不會如此清晰。Maurer說，這些衛(wèi)星解密的照片被制成3-D模型，以顯示20世紀70年代冰川的海拔和大小。然后將這些照片與美國國家航空航天局(NASA)最新的復雜衛(wèi)星照片進行比較，后者顯示了冰層隨著時間的推移而不斷變化的海拔高度。由此可推知，科學家們是通過比較美國衛(wèi)星收集的數(shù)據(jù)得出這個結(jié)論的。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段TheiceandsnowintheregionarethesourceforAsia’sgreatrivers.Thestudydidnotincludethehugeneighbouringrangesofhighmountains,butotherstudiessuggestthatsimilarmeltingisunderwaythereaswell.可知該地區(qū)的冰雪是亞洲大河的源頭。這項研究沒有包括附近巨大的高山范圍，但其他研究表明，類似的融化也正在那里進行。由此可推知，亞洲許多地區(qū)面臨著冰流失的問題。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中InMay2012,onesuchfloodkilledover60peopleinvillagesnearPokhara,Nepal;italsodestroyedhouses.Some800millionpeopledependinpartonriversfromHimalayanglaciersforirrigation,makingelectricity,anddrinkingwater.Themorerapidmeltingappearstoincreasetheriverwaterduringwarmseasons,butscientistssaythatwilldecreasewithindecadesastheglacierslosemass.可知2012年5月，尼泊爾博卡拉附近的一場洪水造成60多人死亡；它還摧毀了房屋。大約有8億人部分依靠來自喜馬拉雅冰川的河流灌溉、發(fā)電和飲用水。冰川融化越快，在溫暖的季節(jié)里，河水的流量似乎就會增加，但是科學家說，隨著冰川質(zhì)量的減少，河水的流量將在幾十年內(nèi)減少。由此可推知，最后一段舉例子的目的是顯示冰流失的危險后果。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中兩項為多余選項。MethodstoHelpSolveAirPollutionWiththedevelopmentoftheindustry,airpollutionhasbecomeaninternationallyconcernedissue.Thegovernmentsaretakingefficientmeasurestopreventthesituationgettingworse.___16___Herearewhatyoucandotohelp.1.Leaveyourcarsathome.Cars,beingthegreatestsourceofairpollution,canbeleftathomethisweekend.___17___Othergreeneroptionsarecarpooling,ridingabikeoryoucanalsowalkifyouwantahealthieroptionandifyourworkplaceisnotthatfarawayfromyourhome.2.VolunteeryourselfThisisoneofthebestthingsyoucando.Why?Becauseitwilldoyougoodtoo.___18___Ifyouhavetime,therearelotsofopportunitiesouttheretopitchin,forinstance,plantingtrees,cleaningaparkorsimplycomingupwithwaysyoucanpreservemotherEarth.3.Green-upyourhome.ThisisoneofthemostcommonthingsthatpeopledowheneverEarthDayrollsaround.Thatistoswitchofftheirlights.However,thisisnotsomethingyoushoulddojustforadayandforonlyanhour.___19___Inaddition,takeoutalltheplugsfromplugpointsevenafterswitchingthemoff.4.Pledge(保證)todomoreeverydayYouknowwhatthebestwaytocelebrateEarthDayis?Extendyourcelebrations.That’sright!Dosomethingeverydaythatwillimproveyoursurroundingstomaketheplanetabetterplacetolivein.___20___Thefutureofourplanetisinyourhands.A.Bathingeverydayisbadforourhealth.B.Voluntaryworkdoesgoodtoyourbodyandmind.C.Travellingviapublictransportisthebetteroption.D.Joinotherlike-mindedindividualsinacommontask.E.Alwaysrememberthateverystep,everyinitiativecounts.F.Butasamemberoftheearthvillage,youcanalsohelpalot.G.Conserveenergybyswitchingoffallpowerwhenevertheyarenotinuse.【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.G20.E【解析】本文是說明文。主要介紹了個人能做的有助于解決空氣污染的方法?！?6題詳解】上文闡述了空氣污染成為國際關注的問題，政府正在采取有效措施防止局勢惡化。下文闡述的是你可以做的有助于解決空氣污染的辦法，因此推斷F項“但作為地球村的一員，你也可以其很到作用“。符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳解】段落小標題說明本段建議不要開車，把車留在家里，下文闡述了其它綠色的選擇方式，拼車，騎自信車或者步行等，因此推斷此處講述一種綠色出行的方式，故C項”乘坐公共交通是更好的選擇“符合題意。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文可知，如果你有時間，外面有很多機會做貢獻，例如植樹，打掃公園，或者簡單地想出你可以保護地球母親的方法?？赏茢?，本段講述了一些志愿者活動，D項“參與一些志同道合和的人作公共任務”符合題意，故選D?！?9題詳解】下文講述“此外，即使在關掉它們之后，也把插頭從電源上拔掉”可知，此處表示要節(jié)省能源。因此推斷G項“節(jié)省能源，每當他們不使用時，關閉所有的電源?！狈项}意，故選G?！?0題詳解】上文講述每天做一些事情，這將改善你周圍的環(huán)境，使地球成為一個更好的居住地。因此推斷E項“永遠記住，每一步，每一個倡議都是重要的”符合題意，引出下文我們星球的未來掌握在你手中。故選E。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Imusthavebeenaskedahundredtimesaboutmymessed-uptimingformytwo-monthjourneybacktoCanada，andthen___21___backtoChinajustastheweatheristurningniceinToronto.Wellitwasnotfortheweather,Icouldhavesatisfiedany___22___forwinterscenerywithaquicktriptoHarbin.Imust___23___Ididenjoygettingoutsnowshoeingwithmysiblingsbuttherealreasonwasto___24___myMom’s90thbirthdayinearlyMarch.Ialso___25___abrother’s60thbirthdayaswellasseveral___26___withfriendsandfamily.WhydidI___27___?Simplyputstubborndetermination,goodfriendsanda___28___desiretoenjoymoreofthesightsandcultureofChina.___29___IstillcannothaveaconversationinChinese,Iam___30___tocontinuewithmystudiesuntilsuchtimethatIcan.WhilethatisalongwayoffIdo___31___continuedimprovementinboththewayIstudyandtheprogressthatImake.May10,I___32___outinagymforthefirsttimeinChina.Itisasmallplacebutwehada(n)___33___enjoyablevisitincludingtheuseofenoughexercise___34___.Itfeelsgoodtobebackintoa___35___again.Atmyageworkingoutisdesignedto___36___goodhealthandmaintainthe___37___totravelandenjoylife.Ialreadyhavetwosocial___38___onmyschedule,plusIamexcitedaboutthe___39___towatchpartoftheXiamenDragonBoatRaceonMay25&26.LifeinChinaisgoodtome___40___,whatcanIsay.21.A.passing B.dating C.bringing D.heading22.A.requirement B.desire C.curiosity D.need23A.claim B.declare C.admit D.announce24.A.celebrate B.bless C.wish D.congratulate25.A.attended B.participated C.joined D.prepared26.A.ceremonies B.visits C.discussions D.conferences27.A.go B.come C.return D.arrive28A.little B.new C.simple D.burning29.A.Aboveall B.Nowthat C.Asthough D.Eventhough30.A.scared B.determined C.worried D.exhausted31.A.see B.expect C.predict D.show32.A.broke B.ran C.worked D.figured33.A.suddenly B.abruptly C.nearly D.amazingly34.A.machine B.equipment C.device D.load35.A.routine B.schedule C.timetable D.plan36.A.serve B.reserve C.observe D.preserve37.A.approach B.mystery C.ability D.competition38.A.appointments B.settlements C.documents D.assessments39.A.bonus B.idea C.opportunity D.imagination40.A.inaddition B.ingeneral C.onaverage D.afterall【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.A26.B27.C28.D29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從加拿大回到中國后的生活?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我回加拿大的兩個月行程安排混亂，然后又在多倫多的天氣轉(zhuǎn)好時返回中國，關于這個問題，我肯定被問過一百次了。。A.passing經(jīng)過；B.dating約會，記載日期；C.bringing帶來；D.heading前往，去。根據(jù)第三段中“enjoymoreofthesightsandcultureofChina”可知，此處是指在加拿大兩個月的旅程后“回到”中國。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我本可以滿足我去哈爾濱短途旅行看冬天的風景的愿望。A.requirement需要；B.desire渴望，愿望；C.curiosity好奇心；D.need需要。根據(jù)“forwinterscenerywithaquicktriptoHarbin”可知，此處指去哈爾濱旅行的“愿望”，desirefor渴望，愿望，下文“a___8___desiretoenjoymoreofthesightsandcultureofChina”也是提示。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我必須承認，我真的喜歡和兄弟姐妹穿著穿著雪鞋走在雪里。A.claim要求，聲稱（用于發(fā)表個人意見，索賠等）；B.declare宣稱（正式用語，側(cè)重官方的公開宣告）；C.admit承認；D.announce宣布（一般用語，側(cè)重宣布人們所關心感興趣的事）。此處是作者“承認”自己愛好雪鞋健行，故選C項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：真正的原因是在三月初慶祝我母親的九十歲生日。A.celebrate慶祝；B.bless保佑，祝福；C.wish希望；D.congratulate祝賀。根據(jù)“myMom’s90thbirthday”可知是“慶祝”生日。celebrate通常指慶祝有意義的日子或事件，congratulate指對他人祝賀為目的，希望他人幸?；蜃哌\或表達對某人的表揚，此處指“慶祝”生日，celebrate符合語境。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我也和朋友和家人參加了一個哥哥的60歲生日，還有