新視角研究生英語讀說寫三單元課后練習(xí)答案公開課一等獎(jiǎng)市賽課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

ExercisesReadingComprehensionStructureoftheTextUnit3:ExercisesVocabularyClozeTranslationUnit3:Readingcomprehension1. Inparagraph1,theauthorsaysthatweareinthemiddleofasixthgreatextinction.Whatarethesegreatextinctions?Couldyounamesome.Inwhatwayisthecurrentgreatextinctiondifferentfromthepreviousfiveones?

Thedifferenceliesinthefactthatthepreviousfivegreatextinctionshaveoccurredfornaturalcauses,butthecurrentgreatextinctionhasbeencausedbyhumanactivities.ReferenceEx.I,p.50Unit3:Readingcomprehension2. Whatistheauthortryingtodowithparagraph2?

Theauthorgivesussomeexamplestoshowwhathumanneedshavecausedthecurrentgreatextinction.Generallyspeaking,theyarehumans’needsforsurvival.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension3. WhydidthebuffaloandthepassengerpigeoninNorthAmericabecomeextinct?

Boththebuffaloandthepassengerpigeonbecameextinctowingtooverhuntingbyhumans.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension4. WhatpointdoestheauthorwanttoillustratebywritingabouttheEuropeanrabbitsinparagraph4?

Hewantstoillustratethatnaturalhabitatsofsomenativespeciescouldbedestroyedbytheintroductionofforeignspecies.TheintroductionofEuropeanrabbitsintoAustraliaisagoodexample.TheymultipliedquicklyandthreatenedthehabitatofnativegrazinganimalsinAustraliabyeatingallthevegetation.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension5. Inparagraph5,theauthorstatesthathumansendangerotherspeciesbydestroyingtheirnaturalhabitats.Whatexampledoestheauthorgivetosupportthisstatement?

Theexampleis:Therapidshrinkingofrainforestcausedthelossofmanyspeciesthatmadetheirhomesinit.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension6. Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph8?

Eachlifeformoccupiesaspecialplaceintheecosystem,andthedisappearanceofanyspecieswillaffectotherspeciesintheecosystem.But74speciesaredyingouteveryday.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension7. Whatarethetwoadvantagesthatbiodiversityhasovermonoculturesaccordingtoparagraphs9–12?

1) Biodiversitymakesitpossibleforusefulsubstancesto befoundinspecieswehaven’tgottotestorstudy. 2) Biodiversitywillsavehumanityfrombeingstarvedto deathowingtotheirgreatdependenceonasmall numberofspecies.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension8. Inparagraph10,theauthorwritesaboutthePacificyewtree.WhatmakesthePacificyewtreesohighlyvaluedtoday?Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningthistree?

BecauseitisdiscoveredthatthebarkofthePacificyewtreecontainsasubstancecalledtaxol,whichcaneffectivelytreatcertainkindsofcancer.Bymentioningthistree,theauthorwantstotellusthatmanyspeciesmaydieoutbeforetheirvalueisdiscovered.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension9. Whatisthemainideaofparagraph11?

Paragraph11mainlytellsusthatthevalueofthevastmajorityofspecieshasyettobediscovered.Itisveryimportantforustoprotectthediversityofspecies.Ifwedon’t,wewilllosespeciesthatmayturnouttobeextremelyimportanttoourownsurvival.ReferenceUnit3:Readingcomprehension10. Whatpointissuggestedbythelastparagraph?

Itsuggeststhatit’shardtotellwhethertheseprotectivemethodswillbeeffectiveornotnowbecausetherapidhumanpopulationgrowthmaymakeitdifficulttoputthesemethodsintopractice.Reference1. Introduction(Paras.1–2)2. Body(Paras.3–15)3. Conclusion(Para.16)TextOutlineUnit3:StructureofthetextEx.II,p.511. Introduction(Paras.1–2)Weareinthemiddleofasixthgreatextinction,whichiscausedby_______________.TextOutlineUnit3:Structureofthetexthumanactivities2. Body(Paras.3–15)1)_________________thathumanactivitiesendangerotherspecies.(Paras.3–5)TextOutlineUnit3:StructureofthetextThreemajorways2)Thereasonswhyweshouldpreserveeverylife-formonearth.(Paras.6–13)3)Methodsofprotectingendangeredspecies.(Paras.14–15)2. Body(Paras.3–15)TextOutlineUnit3:Structureofthetext1)_________________thathumanactivitiesendangerotherspecies.(Paras.3–5)ThreemajorwaysA. Humanbeings____________________fortheirmeat,bones,skinsorforprotectingtheircropsandlivestock.B. Foreignspeciesintroducedbyhumanbeingscan__________________________________.C. Humanbeings____________________________bycuttingdownforests,buildingtowns,etc.killoffanimalsdirectlyendangerthehabitatofnativespeciesdestroyanimals’naturalhabitats2. Body(Paras.3–15)2)Thereasonswhyweshouldpreserveeverylife-formonearth.(Paras.6–13)TextOutlineUnit3:StructureofthetextA._____________________________.B.Thevarietyofspeciescanaddnaturalbeauty.C.Somespeciesprovidehumanswitheconomicvalue.D.Eachlife-form_________________________________.E.Biodiversityhasobviousadvantagesover____________.Everylife-formhasarighttoexistoccupiesaplacewithinitsecosystemmonocultures2. Body(Paras.3–15)3)Methodsofprotectingendangeredspecies.(Paras.14–15)TextOutlineUnit3:StructureofthetextA.____________.B._____________________________________.C.Protectinganimalsthroughcaptivebreeding(zoos).PassinglawsSettingasidenationalparksandpreservesTextOutlineUnit3:Structureofthetext3. Conclusion(Para.16)WeIt’shardtotelltheeffectivenessoftheseprotectivemethodsnow.Thebiggestproblemremains_______________________________________________.howtomeettheneedsofagrowinghumanpopulation1. Thepassengerpigeonwasa______exampleofaspeciesthatwasmadeextinctbyoverhunting.prime

Unit3:VocabularycomponentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivityPartA,Ex.V,p.53Completethefollowingsentenceswithwordsgivenbelow,makingsurethateachwordisusedintherightform.2. Climate,soil,water,andairarenonliving___________ofanecosystem.components

Unit3:Vocabulary

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity3. Asalanguage,Englishis_______fromtheAnglo-Saxon,aWestGermanicvariety,althoughitscurrentvocabularyincludeswordsfrommanylanguages.derived

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

4. Stoppingthelossof___________andlimitingclimatechangearethetwomostimportantchallengesfacingourplanet.biodiversity

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

5. ArecentreportclaimsthatMicrosoftproducts,withtheirmarketdominance,arecreatingacomputing____________that’sdangerouslysusceptibletowormsandotherattacks.monoculturecomponentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

6. TheDecember26,2023IndianOceantsunamiwasreportedtohavekilledmorethan225,000people,andwith__________othersmissingorlosingtheirhomes.uncounted

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

7. Withtheinventionofblogs,thenumberofwebsitesthatwouldbeinterestingtofolloweachdayhas_________severaltimesover.multiplied

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

8. ThemovieTwoBrotherstellsthestorythattwotigersareseparatedascubsandtakeninto________,onlytobereunitedyearslaterasenemies.captivity

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

9. In2023andagainin2023,theUScongressconsidered_________tolimitviolentcontentandmoretightlyregulatethevideogamesindustryinAmerica.legislation

componentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

10. These____________projectsandeducationalactivitieshavecontributedtowildlifehabitatimprovement,watershedprotection,andforesthealth.conservationcomponentmonoculturemultiplyconserveprimetropicalderiveuncountedbiodiversityendangerlegislationcaptivity

Unit3:Vocabulary

PartB1. Theenvironmentalchangesmighthavecausedthedisappearanceofmanyspeciesbyeliminatingfoodsources,orexposinganimalstoclimaticconditionstowhichtheywerenotadapted. A.extinction B.distinction C.punctuation D.destructionPartB,Ex.V,pp.53~54Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartofthesentence.Unit3:Vocabulary1. Theenvironmentalchangesmighthavecausedthedisappearanceofmanyspeciesbyeliminatingfoodsources,orexposinganimalstoclimaticconditionstowhichtheywerenotadapted.

A.extinction B.distinction C.punctuation D.destruction2. Thestudyshowedthatincreasingamountsofbirdfluviruswerecontaminatingthebirds’surroundingswithoutthefarmers’realizingofit. A.conditions B.climates C.habitats D.ecosystemsUnit3:Vocabulary2. Thestudyshowedthatincreasingamountsofbirdfluviruswerecontaminatingthebirds’surroundingswithoutthefarmers’realizingofit. A.conditions B.climates

C.habitats

D.ecosystems3. WhilerecentlybecomingthetenthmostcrowdedcityintheUSA,SanJosehasalsoheldthetitleofTheSafestBigCityinAmericaforthepastseveralyears. A.diverse B.popular C.disappointing D.populousUnit3:Vocabulary3. WhilerecentlybecomingthetenthmostcrowdedcityintheUSA,SanJosehasalsoheldthetitleofTheSafestBigCityinAmericaforthepastseveralyears. A.diverse B.popular C.disappointing

D.

populous4. Aninternalinquiryhasbegunintowhethersoccerplayersreceivedimproperhousingbenefitsundertheformercoaches. A.examination B.investigation C.invasion D.invitationUnit3:Vocabulary4. Aninternalinquiryhasbegunintowhethersoccerplayersreceivedimproperhousingbenefitsundertheformercoaches. A.examination

B.investigation

C.invasion D.invitation5. It’sourjobtopreparebright,ambitiousyoungpeoplefortheopportunitiesofferedbywhatwillcontinuetobethemainsectorsforthe21stcentury. A.principle B.extinguished C.global D.keystoneUnit3:Vocabulary5. It’sourjobtopreparebright,ambitiousyoungpeoplefortheopportunitiesofferedbywhatwillcontinuetobethemainsectorsforthe21stcentury. A.principle B.extinguished C.global

D.

keystone6. Theteenagerwhomadeadramaticescapeaftereightyearsofconfinementinawindowlesscellhasagreedtoatelevisedinterviewthisweek. A.captivity B.prevention C.preservation D.limitationUnit3:Vocabulary6. Theteenagerwhomadeadramaticescapeaftereightyearsofconfinementinawindowlesscellhasagreedtoatelevisedinterviewthisweek.

A.

captivity

B.prevention C.preservation D.limitation7. Thelittlegroupsoimperfectlyknowntousiscounterbalancedbymultitudesofspecies,ofwhichtherearenumberlessvarieties. A.uncommon B.prime C.uncounted D.rareUnit3:Vocabulary7. Thelittlegroupsoimperfectlyknowntousiscounterbalancedbymultitudesofspecies,ofwhichtherearenumberlessvarieties. A.uncommon B.prime

C.

uncounted

D.rare8. Theprotectionoftropicalrainforestsaspublicgoodwillrequirecooperationbetweenallcountriesintheworld. A.institution B.conservation C.precaution D.constructionUnit3:Vocabulary8. Theprotectionoftropicalrainforestsaspublicgoodwillrequirecooperationbetweenallcountriesintheworld. A.institution

B.

conservation

C.precaution D.construction9. Takenbeforeorwhiledrinking,manymedicationswillincreasetheeffectsofalcoholonyourbody. A.expand B.multiply C.enlarge D.extendUnit3:Vocabulary9. Takenbeforeorwhiledrinking,manymedicationswillincreasetheeffectsofalcoholonyourbody. A.expand

B.multiply

C.enlarge D.extend10. TheChicagoHistoryMuseumhasoneofAmerica’slargestcollectionsofarchitecturalworkingdrawings,aswellasmanuscriptmaterials,photographs,architecturalmodels,andbuildingfragments. A.components B.substances C.monocultures D.debrisUnit3:Vocabulary10. TheChicagoHistoryMuseumhasoneofAmerica’slargestcollectionsofarchitecturalworkingdrawings,aswellasmanuscriptmaterials,photographs,architecturalmodels,andbuildingfragments. A.components B.substances C.monocultures

D.debrisLossofBiodiversityBiologicaldiversityisthevarietyofalllifeforms—thedifferentplants,animalsandmicroorganisms,thegenesthey1)________,andtheecosystemstowhichtheybelong.Millionsofyearsof2)_________fromothercontinentshaveresultedinAustralianplantsandanimalsevolvinginways3)________fromelsewhere.Asaresult,about82%ofourmammalspecies,45%ofourlandbirdspecies,85%ofourfloweringplantspecies,89%ofourreptilespecies,andabout93%ofourfrogspeciesarefound4)_____inAustralia.claimcontainextinctionextensiveviewmajorstorenaturalsurvivecontributedramaticisolateimportantdevelopnumerousdifferentonlymaintainurbannativecontain

Unit3:Clozeisolation

different

only

Ex.VI,pp.54~55Chooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changethewordformwherenecessary.Tobecontinued...The5)______threattoourbiodiversityisthelossofhabitatthroughclearingforagriculture,forestry,miningand6)______development.This,combinedwiththeeffectsofinvasiveplantsandanimals,and7)________eventssuchasfire,droughtandflood,threatensthesurvivalofour8)_______species.SinceEuropeansettlement,mostofAustralia’secosystemshavebeen9)___________altered.claimcontainextinctionextensiveviewmajorstorenaturalsurvivecontributedramaticisolateimportantdevelopnumerousdifferentonlymaintainurbannativemajorUnit3:Clozeurban

natural

native

extensively

Tobecontinued...Theresulthasbeen10)_________declinesinthedistributionandabundanceofmanyspecies,andthe11)___________ofatleast17nativemammalspeciesandtenterrestrial(陸棲旳)birdspecies.Theeffectsonaquatic(水棲旳)habitatshave12)____________toadeclineinournativefishpopulations.claimcontainextinctionextensiveviewmajorstorenaturalsurvivecontributedramaticisolateimportantdevelopnumerousdifferentonlymaintainurbannativedramaticUnit3:Clozeextinction

contributed

Tobecontinued...Thebenefitsofconservingbiodiversityare13)___________.Theworld’sspeciesprovideuswithallourfoodandmanymedicinesandindustrialproducts.Therearealsoopportunitiesfor14)___________neworimprovedfoodcropsfromourbiologicaldiversity.Biodiversityisalso15)__________forecologicalprocessessuchasregulatingclimate,producingsoil,providingprotectionfromerosion,16)________nutrientsandbreakingdownpollution.claimcontainextinctionextensiveviewmajorstorenaturalsurvivecontributedramaticisolateimportantdevelopnumerousdifferentonlymaintainurbannativenumerousUnit3:Clozedeveloping

important

storing

Tobecontinued...Biodiversityisculturallyimportantandit17)__________theaestheticvaluesofourlandscapes.Thereisalsothe18)_____everyspeciesonearthhastherightto19)________andthatnosinglespeciesorgenerationcan20)______theearthasitsown.claimcontainextinctionextensiveviewmajorstorenaturalsurvivecontributedramaticisolateimportantdevelopnumerousdifferentonlymaintainurbannativemaintainsUnit3:Clozeviewsurvive

claim

1. 由生物多樣性旳喪失而引起旳對(duì)人類和地球旳威脅和由氣候變化所帶來旳危險(xiǎn)一樣大。biodiversityThethreattohumanityandtheplanetposedbybiodiversitylossisasgreatasthedangerspresentedbyclimatechange.becausedbybeposedbybeasgreatasbethesameasUnit3:TranslationPartA,Ex.VIII,pp.57~58TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.2. 收到年輕讀者體現(xiàn)他們對(duì)被囚動(dòng)物旳關(guān)心旳信，并問詢他們能幫助做什么，我們總是很快樂。expresstheirconcernsfor…Wearealwayshappytohearfromyoungreadersexpressingconcernforanimalsincaptivityandaskingwhattheycandotohelp.animalsincaptivityUnit3:Translation3. 這兩個(gè)最盛行旳理論都以為恐龍之所以滅絕是因?yàn)榈厍虼髿夂蜏囟葧A變化而造成旳。popularprevalentThetwomostpopulartheoriesbothsaythatdinosaursdiedoutbecauseofchangesintheearth’satmosphereandtemperature.thereasonwhyiscausedbyUnit3:Translation4. 這場(chǎng)森林大火最終被消防隊(duì)所控制住了，花費(fèi)將近50萬美元。bringsthundercontrolTheforestfirewasfinallybroughtundercontrolbythefire-fightingcrewsatacostofnearlyhalfamilliondollars.costatthecostofUnit3:Translation5. 植物根莖能夠固定土壤，使之不會(huì)被雨水沖蝕。holdthesoilPlantrootscanholdthesoilinpositionandpreventitfrombeingwashedawaybytherainwater.washawaypreventitfromUnit3:Translation6. 健康旳生態(tài)系統(tǒng)以能源、營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)、有機(jī)物質(zhì)和水旳可連續(xù)更替為特點(diǎn)。becharacterizedbyHealthyecosystemsarecharacterizedbysustainableturnoversofenergy,nutrients,organicmatterandwater.sustainableturnoverUnit3:Translation7. 在世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)一份新旳報(bào)告中，科學(xué)家警告說全球變暖可能在今后23年中滅絕北極熊。globalwarmingInanewreportbytheWWF,scientistshavewarnedthatglobalwarmingcouldkilloffpolarbearswithinthenext20years.killoffUnit3:Translationcarryaway8. 犁過旳地對(duì)流水沒有防范能力，因而寶貴旳表土經(jīng)常在大雨和洪水中被沖走。protectionPlowedfieldsdon’thaveanyprotectionagainstrunningwater,andoftenthevaluabletopsoiliscarriedawayduringheavyrainsorfloods.Unit3:Translation9. 這個(gè)花園比前兩天要平靜多了，但周圍還是有諸多各式各樣旳鳥。agoodvarietyofThegardenwasconsiderablyquieterthanithadbeentheprevioustwodays,buttherewerestillagoodvarietyofbirdsaround.Unit3:Translation10. 盡管有不同旳估計(jì)，但總體上人們以為用于制作當(dāng)代藥物旳活性成份有大約30%到40%是從植物中提取旳，或同植