大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀題

AReadingisnottheonlywaytogainknowledgeoftheworkinthepast.Thereisanotherlargereservoir（知識(shí)庫(kù)）

whichmaybecalledexperience,andthecollegestudentwillfindthateverycraftsman（工匠）hassomethinghecan

teachandwillgenerallyteachgladlytoanycollegestudentwhodoesnotlookdownuponthem.Theinformation

fromthemdiffersfrom（不同于）thatintextbooksandpaperschieflyinthatitstheoretical（理論的）part-the

explanationsofwhythingshappen—isfrequentlyquitefantastic"申奇的）.Butthedemonstration（示范）andreport

ofwhathappens,andhowithappensarecorrectevenifthereportsareincompletelyunscientificterms（術(shù)語(yǔ)）.

Presentlythecollegestudentwilllearn,inthiscasealso,whattoacceptandwhattoreject.Oneimportantthingfora

collegestudenttorememberisthatifAristotlecouldtalktothefisherman,socanhe.Anothersourceofknowledgeis

thevaststoreoftraditional（傳統(tǒng)的）practiceshandeddownfromfathertoson,ormothertodaughter,ofoldcountry

customs（習(xí)慣）,offolklore（風(fēng)俗）.Allthisisverydifficultforacollegestudenttoexamine,formuchknowledgeand

personalexperienceisneededheretoseparategoodplantsfromwildgrass.Thecollegestudentshouldlearnto

realizeandrememberhowmuchofrealvaluesciencehasfoundinthiswide,confusedwildernessandhowoften

scientificdiscoveriesofwhathadexistedinthisarealongage.

36.Inthelastparagraphthephrase"thiswide,confusedwilderness'1refersto.

A.personalexperienceB.wildweedsamonggoodplants

C.theinformationfromtheparentsD.thevaststoreoftraditionalpractices

37.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?

A.ThecollegestudentshavetroubleseparatinggoodplantsfromwildgrassB.Craftsman'sexperienceisusually

unscientific

C.Thecontemptuous（傲慢的）collegestudentswillreceivenothingfromcraftsmen

D.Traditionalpracticesareasimportantasexperienceforthecollegestudent

38.Fromthispassagewecaninferthat.

A.wellinvitethecraftsmantoteachinthecollegeB.schoolsandbooksarenottheonlywaytoknowledge

C.scientificdiscoverieslatebasedonpersonalexperience

D.discoveriesandrediscoveriesarethemostimportantsourceofknowledgeforacollegestudent

39.Theauthoradvisesthecollegestudentto.

A.becontemptuoustothecraftsmanB.bepatientinhelpingthecraftsmanwithscientificterms

C.learnthecraftsman'sexperiencebyjudgingitcarefullyD.gainthecraftsman'sexperiencewithoutrejection

40.Themainideaofthispassageisabout.

A.whattolearnfromtheparentsB.howtogainknowledgeC.whytolearnfromcraftsmanD.howtodealwith

experience

B

Water,watereverywhere.Itlastedalmosttwomonths,butinAugustitended.Itleft45peopledeadand

$10billionworthofdamageinninestatesofUSA.ItwasquiteabigMississippifloodeverrecorded.InSt.Louis,

Missouri,9,000peoplewereforcedtoleavetheirhomeswhilethecitywasindanger.St.Louisisjustdownriver

fromthepointswheretheMissouriandIllinoisRiversflowintotheMississippi.Allthreeriverswereflooding.But

thecityescapedtheworstwhenlevees（堤）brokeupriver.Aleveeisbuiltofriversandandclay（粘土）.Elevenmiles

offloodwallswerebuiltinthelate1960*8Thewallsare18inchesthickand5to22feethigh.Theyweredesignedto

protectagainsta52-footflood.InSt.Louis,wateralmostreachedthetopoffloodwalls.Itmeasured49.4feet.

41.Thefloodreferredtointhepassage.

A.wastheheaviestoneinthehistoryB.happenedinMissouriandIllinoisstates

C.happenedinlessthantwentypercentofthestatesofU.S.A.D.wasrecordedseveraltimes

42.Themeaningofthesentence"Butthecityescapedtheworst”isthat.

A.manypeopleescapedfromthecityB.thefloodattackedthecityheavily

C.theflooddidnotattackthecityatallD.thecityavoidedtheworstsituation

43.Thehighestfloodreferredtointhepassagewasabout.

A.18feethighB.5-22feethighC.nearly50feethighD.52feethighC

Inhopesofbecomingmillionaires,manyFilipinos（菲律賓人）begandrinkingmorePepsi.Theyhopedtogeta

bottlecapwiththewinningnumberonit.InMay1992,thenumberwasannounced:349.Thousandsrushedtoget

theirrewardwiththeirbottlecapsworthamillionpesos（aboutUS$40,000）each.ButPepsiwouldn'tpay.The

companysaidtherewasamistake.Thenumbersonthecapsdidnotincludeasecuritycode（保險(xiǎn)號(hào)）,sothecaps

werenotreallywinners.Upto800,000bottlecapshadthenumber349.Pepsihasspentmillionsofdollarsonthe

problem.Thecompanyhaspaid54millionpesostorealwinners.Italsopaid500pesosforeachNo.349capwithout

thesecuritycode.

44.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.Allthosewhogotthenumberof349gotsomemoneyB.Allthosewhogotthenumberof349didn'tgetthe

sameamountofmoney

C.Noneofthosewhogetthenumberof349wasn'trewardedD.Thecompanymadeamistakesoastosell

morepepsi

45.Fromthepassagewecanguessthatpesois.

A.thenameofapersonB.akindofdrinkC.thenameofacompanyD.noneoftheabove

D

InCardiffIwasputtoworkinfurnituredepartmentatoneofthelocalstores.Itwaslarge,fairlyoutofdate,run

（經(jīng)營(yíng)）,likeitsparentcompanyinLondon,byagroupofrelatives.Beingonlyamemberofthestoreforashort

time,Iwasinaveryfortunateposition.Theothers,particularlytheoldermembersofthestore,werenaturallyasked

toproducegoodsalesfigures.Iwasmoreofanobserver.IfImadeasale,Iwaspleased,butifIdidn't,Iwouldnotbe

blamed.Iwasreallytheretoobserveandlearn,andasIhadnointerestinmakingapositioninthefurniturebusiness,

Iwasn'ttoodiligent（勤奮）aboutthateither.Onesalesmaninlatemiddleageonceexpressedhisinsecurity（不安全

感）byscoldingmeoftryingtostealoneofhiscustomers（雇客）.Nothingcouldhavebeenfurtherfromthetruth,but

hedemandedthatIgotothestockroom（貨倉(cāng)）withhimtosettlethematter.Hewasverysmallandthin,buttomy

surprisehestarteddancingaboutamongthecarpetsandclosetsworkinghisarmswildlyandcallingonmeto*put

themup'.Icouldn'tputanythingup---1wastoobusyrollingonafour-footsix-inchspringmattress（彈簧墊子）,

helplesswithlaughter.Finallyhesawthejoketoo,andwewentofftothemembers1storeforaconciliatory（和解）cup

oftea.Severaldayslater,Ifinallyleftthestore.ThankGod!

46.Thefurnituredepartmentwasrunby.

A.theauthor'sparentsB.theauthor'srelativesC.somememberofabigfamilyD.thelocalgovernment

47.TheshopinCardiff.

A.wasbigandverymodernB.wasoldbutbeautifulC.didn*tsellfurnitureonlyD.wasfamousinLondon

48.Theauthorwasluckybecause.

A.salesfigureswerenotimportantforhimB.hewasyoungerthantheothers

C.heproducedgoodsalesfiguresD.hispaywashigher

49.Onesalesmanthoughtthat.

A.theauthorwasmoreofanobserverthanarealmemberofthestore

B.whattheauthorhadsaidwasfarfromthetruth

C.theauthortriedtogetapersontobuythefurnituredishonestly

D.thewriterdestroyedafour-footsix-inchspringmattress

50.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theauthoronlystayedintheshopforashorttimebecausehewasnotinterestedinbusiness.

B.Theauthorfeltlight-heartedwhenhelefttheshop.

C.Theauthorwaspunishedforstealingmoneyfromthecustomer.D.Theauthorwasaskedtoputupthe

carpets.

E

Drivingcars,trucksandmotorcyclesisanimportantpartofourlives.Wedoiteverydaytogettowork,to

schoolortofriends1houses.

Drivingcanbeveryconvenient,butcanalsocausemanyproblems.Waitinginlineataredlight,adrivermay

getimpatientanddecidejusttodriverightthroughit.Ifanothercariscomingfromtheotherdirection,theremightbe

aterribleaccident.Cuttinganothercaroffcanmakeitsdriverangry,sothatdrivercutsoffsomeoneelse.Prettysoon

everybodyisangry,andimpatient.Trafficaccidentsdeclaremillionsofliveseveryyearworldwide.InTaiwanalone,

oversevenpeoplearekilledinaccidentseveryday.Theannualdeathrate（年死亡率）fromtrafficaccidentsin

TaiwanistwicethatofJapan.Toallowtraffictomovesmoothlyandsafely,everybodymustfollowtherules.Before

youdrive,learnallthetrafficlaws.Thatwayofdrivingissafe,convenientandevenfun!

5l.Theword"convenientninthepassagemeans.

A.handy,easytodoB.thatcanbechangedC.fondofdrinkingandmerry-makingD.carriagesor

othertrucks

52.Ifyoucutanothercaroff,itsdrivermaybe.A.impatientB.terribleC.angryD.bothA

andB

53.Thesentence"Trafficaccidentsdeclaremillionsoflives"means"

A.Trafficaccidentsmakesomepeoplebecomemillionaires

B.Manypeoplediefromtrafficaccidents

C.Millionsofpeoplesaytheythemselveshavehadtrafficaccidents

D.Millionsofpeopleremainhealthyaftertrafficaccidents

54.Accordingtothepassage,drivingcanbesafeif.

A.youarepatientB.youobeyallthetrafficrulesC.youdon*tcutanothercaroffD.youwaitin

lineataredlight

55.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?.

A.TrafficSafetyB.ACarefulC.HowToDriveACarD.ATrafficAccident

DCBCB41—50CDCDDCCACB51—55ACBBA

（A）

Inancient（古代）timethemostimportantexaminationswerespoken,notwritten.Intheschoolsofancient

GreeceandRome,testingusuallyconsistedofsayingpoetryaloudorgivingspeeches.IntheEuropeanuniversitiesof

theMiddleAges,studentswhowereworkingforadvanceddegreeshadtodiscussquestionsintheirfieldofstudyof

thesubject.Thiscustomexiststodayaspartoftheworkoftestingcandidates（候選人）foramaster'sordoctor's

degree.Generally,however,modemexaminationsarewritten.Twotypesoftestsarecommonlyusedinmodern

schools.Thefirsttypessometimescalledanobjective（客觀性）test,itisintendedtodealwithfacts.,notpersonal

opinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrect

answer.Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothreestatementsthatlooklike

answerstostudentswhohavemotlearnedthematerialproperly.Thestudenthasjustonetask:hemustrecognizethe

correctanswerandcopyitsletterornumberonhisexaminationpaper.

Fortestingastudent'smemoryoffactsanddetails,theobjectivetesthasadvantages.Itcanfindoutagreatdeal

aboutthestudent'srangeofknowledge.Fortestingsomekindsoflearning,however,suchatestisnotvery

satisfactory.Aluckystudentmayguessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerial.

36.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.examinationsintheancienttimes.B.modernexaminations.

C.howtodowellinanexamination.D.settingquestionsforanexamination

37.Theobjectivetestisnotverysatisfactorybecause.

A.itiseasyandquicktoscore.

B.theteachercanfindoutagreatdealaboutthestudent'srangeofknowledgeinashorttime.

C.itshowshowdeeplythestudenthasthoughtaboutthesubject.D.itcontainselementofluck.

38.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheobjectivetestistrue?

A.Examinationsinmodemtimesarewritten,whileinancienttimestheyarespoken.

B.Theobjectivetesthasadvantagesfortestingastudent'smemoryoffactsanddetails.

C.Theobjectivetestistheonlywaytotestastudent'smemoryoffactsanddetails,.

D.Eachobjectivequestionhasmorethanonecorrectanswer.

39.Thenextparagraphwillprobablydealwith.

A.theothertypeofexaminationB.theadvantagesoftheobjectivetest

C.howstudentsguessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerialD.examinationsinthe

ancienttimes

（B）

WhatisworldEnglish?WorldEnglishisacourseintheEnglishlanguage.Itisintendedforstudents

whosenativelanguageisnotEnglish.Itisabasicprogrammeconsistingofsixstages.EachstageincludesaStudent

Book,aTeacher'sBook,aWorkbook,andcassetterecordings.WorldEnglishisfurthersupportedbyseparatebooks

ofreadings,bytests,andbyvisual（可視的）aids.

WhoisworldEnglishfor?WorldEnglishmaybeenteredatanyoneofthreedifferentlevels.TheFirstLevel,

BooksOneandTwo,isintendedforstudentswithlittleornoeducationInEnglish.BooksThreeandFourmakeup

theSecondLevel;theyaresuitableforstudentswhohavesomeknowledgeofEnglish.TheThirdLevel,BooksFive

andSix,isintendedforstudentswhoareconcernedwithimprovementinthelanguage.

WhatdoesworldEnglishteach?WorldEnglishteachesfourbasicskillsoflanguage:listening,speaking,reading,

andwriting.Atalllevels,eachskillispresentedsystematically.IntheFirstLevel,listeningandspeakingreceive

moreattention.Inthelatterbooks,readingandwritingbecomemoreimportant.However,readingandwriting

activitiesarepresentedeveninUnitOneofbookOne;andlisteningandspeakingexercisesoccurthroughUnitOne

ofBookOne;andlisteningandspeakingexercisesoccurthoughUniteTenofBookSix.

40.ThispassageisprobablytakenfromtheofanEnglishtextbook.

A.contentsB.introductionC.FirstchapterD.index（索弓I）

41.SupposeyouareastudentofSeniorThree,willbesuitableforyouifyouwanttomakeyour

Englishbetter.

A.BooksOneandTwoB.BooksThreeandFourC.BooksFiveandSixD.noneofthem.

42.WemayinferformthispassagethatthewholesetofWorldEnglishconsistsofunits.

A.tenB.thirtyC.sixtyD.morethansixty

（C）

Oneanswertothequestionoflandshortagewassuggestedbyanorganizationsomeyearsago.Acitywastobebuilt

atsea,housing30,000people.Thesuggestionwastoshapethecitylikeaharbor（港口）。Theouterwallofthe

harborwouldstandonsteelcolumnsrestingonthesea--bed.Naturallythiscouldonlybewherethewaterwasfairly

shallow.Thepeoplewouldliketoliveinflatsinthefifty——metrehighouterwall.Theflatswouldbeallfaceinwards,

andwouldbemadeofconcrete（混泥土）andglass.Theglasswouldbespeciallymadeandcoloredtocontroltheheat

andstronglightfromthesun.Theplannerscalledthisman---madeharborwouldbecalm.Onitwouldbefloating

islandscarryingmorebuilding:ahospital,twotheaters,museum,anartexhibitionhallandachurch.Ononeofthe

islandswouldbeaspecialfactorytotakethesaltoutofseawaterandturnitintofreshwater.Peoplelivinginthe

citycouldmovearoundonsmallboatsdrivenbyelectricity,sotherewouldbenoairpollutionfromtheburningof

gas.Therewouldbeplatformsoutsidethemanwallforshipsbringingsupplies.Peoplecouldalsotraveltothe

mainlandbymotorboatorwaterplane.

43.Whatwassuggestedabouttheconstructionofanewcityatsea?

A.Thecitywastobedesignedtogetherwithaharbor.B.Thewallsaroundthecitywouldbemadeof

steelandglass.

C.Thebuildingofthecitywouldrestonafloatingisland.D.Thepeoplewouldliveintallbuilding

surroundedbyawall.

44.Howwouldfreshwaterbesuppliedtothecity?

A.Bytreatingseawater.B.Bygettingitfromthesurroundingislands.

C.Bybuildingasmalllakeoffreshwaterinsidethecity.D.Bytransportingitfromthemainland.

45.Thesuggestionmadebytheorganizationistosolvetheproblemthat.

A.thereisnotenoughspaceforbuildingcitesonland

B.landtransportationhasbecameincreasinglydifficult

C.therearetoomanypeopleonlandD.presentcitiesareheavilypollutedbycars

46.thepurposeofthewriteris-.

A.tosuggesthownewtypeofharborcouldbebuiltatseaB.togiveadescriptionofanew一一typecity.

C.todrawpeople'sattentiontotheproblemofairpollution.D.tointroduceamewwayofbuildingharbor

---cities.

（D）

Taxes（稅）areabigpartintheUnitedStates.MostAmericanspaycitytaxes,statetaxes,socialsecurity（安全）taxes,

salestaxes???,andthelistseemsendless.ThebiggesttaxformostAmericansisthatonthemoneytheyearn

-theincometax.Thepersonalincometaxiscalledauprogressivetax"becauseittakesmorefromthosewhoearn

more.Forexample,apersonwhoearnsabout3,500dollarsatearwillpayataxofonlyabout3.5%ofearning,butof

thesamepersonearned85,000dollarsayear,hewouldpayanincometaxof35%.

Overtheyearstheincometaxhasbecomemoreandmotedifficultforpeopletounderstand.Almostonehalfofall

Americansnowhavetopayexpertstopreparetheirtaxreportsinfact,preparingtaxesandgivingtaxadvicehave

becomeabigindustryinAmerica.

47.MostAmericanspay.

A.taxeswhicharetoomanytolist.B.taxeseithertothecitiesorthestatestheylivein.

C.somanykindsoftaxesthattheyevendon*tknowthenames.D.severalkindsoftaxes.

48.Socialsecuritytaxiscollectedfrom.

A.thosewhohavebrokenthelaw.B.thosewhooftenmaketrouble,

C.thosewhoselivesandpropertyareindanger.D.Everycitizenlivingintheareainquestion（所在）.

49.Whatisa"progressivetax"?A"progressivetax'*isthetax.

A.collectedforsocialprogress.B.thatincreaseswitheachpassingyear.

C.thatiscollectedfromthosewhoearnmost.D.thatvaries（變化）accordingtohowmuchmoneya

personearns.

50.WhydoalmostonehalfofallAmericanshavetopayexperts?

A.Becausethelistoftaxesseemsendless.

B.Becausetheywouldratherspendtheirtimeandenergyelsewhere.

C.Becausetheyfindtheirknowledgeabouttaxesissolimitedthattheyareunabletowritetaxreportall

bythemselves.

D.Becausepayingexpertstopreparetheirtaxreportandaskingfortaxadvicehavebecomeverypopular.

（E）

Morethan6000childrenwereexpelled（開(kāi)除）fromUSschoollastyearforbringinggunsandbombsto

school,theUSDepartmentofEducationsaidonMay8.

Thedepartmentgaveareporttotheexpulsions（開(kāi)除）assayinghandgunsaccountedfor58percentofthe

6093expulsionsin1996---97,against7percentforrifles（步槍?zhuān)﹐rshotgunsand35percentforothertypesof

firearms.

"Thereportisaclearsignthatoutnation'spublicschoolsarecrackingdown（嚴(yán)懲）onstudentswhobring

gunstoschool,"EducationSecretaryRichardRileysaidinastatement."Weneedtobetough-mindedaboutkeeping

gunsoutofourschoolsanddoeverythingtokeepourchildrensafe.”

InMarch1997,an11yearsoldboyand13yearsoldboyusinghandgunsandriflesshotdeadfourchildren

andateacherataschoolinJonesboro,Arkansas.InOctober,twowerekilledandsevenwoundedinashootingata

Mississippischool.Twomonthslater,a14yearsoldboykilledthreehighschoolstudentsandwoundedfivein

Dasucah,Kentucky.

Mostoftheexpulsions,56percent,werefromhighschool,whichhavestudentsfromaboutage13.34

percentwerefromjuniorhighschoolsand9percentwerefromelementaryschools,thereportsaid.

51.FromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthatintheUSschools.

A.studentsenjoyshootingB.studentsareeagertobesolider.C.safetyisaproblemD.studentscanmake

guns.

52.ThereportfromtheUSDepartmentofEducationofEducationshowsthat.

A.thenumberoftheexpulsionsisnotlarge.B.thenumberoftheexpulsioniswrong.

C.therearesoldiershidingamongthestudents.D.gunsareoutofcontrolinUSschools.

53.Themainideaofparagraphfourshowsus.

A.someexamplesofshootinUSschools.B.theAmerican'sfeeling.

C.somefamousschools.D.thatsometeacherswerekilledbystudents.

54.Howmanystudentswereshotdeadin1997inUSschools?A.10B.9C.12D.22

55.Fromthispassageweknowthat.

A.everyAmericancannothaveguns.B.onlysoldiersandpolicecanhaveguns.

C.everyAmericancitizencanownguns.D.teachershavenomoneytobuyguns.

DDBAB41-50CCCAABADDC51-55CDABC

Atfirst,Ithoughtitwasjustuselesse-mails.ItwastheendoftheweekendandIhadn*tcheckedmye-mails

sincelateFridayafternoon.Therewasalonglistofmessages.SomeIremovedwithoutreading.Otherswerefrom

friends-IsavedthosetoreadlaterwhenIhadmoretime.

Onestoodoutfromtherestfortworeasons.Thefirstwasthename,MaherNawaf,whichIdidn*trecognize.

Thesecondwasthesubjectline:"pleaspapers.nClearly,thee-mailwas仕omsomeonewhodidnothaveacomplete

masteryoftheEnglishlanguage.

ThemessagewasfromanIraqi,auniversityresearchscientistinMosulwhowantedpermissiontoreprintaresearch

paperIhadwritten.Asascientist,I*musedtogettingthesekindsofrequests;it*spartofthegiveandtakeamong

researchersthatIespeciallylike.Iwrotebackthenextday,askingformoreinformationaboutthetypeofworkhe

wasdoing.Ialsowishedhimandhisfamilybestfortheirsafetyandwell-beingduringthisdangeroustimeinhis

land.

Acoupleofdayslater,hisreplyappearedinmyinbox.Itread,inpart:"hidearDr.I'mveryhappytohear

goodnewsfromyouandyourhelp,alsoFdliketothankyouforyourfeelingstowardsmeandmyfamily???thank

youverymuchforhelpIwanttotellyouthatFmreadytohelpyouinmosuluniversity/iraqifyouneedthat.u

MaheralsoexplainedinhisbrokenEnglishthathewasinterestedinapaperI'dwrittenontheuseof

lactobacillusacidophilus（ahealthyproductthatcanbefoundinyogurt（酸奶）andotherfoods）.Itwashishopethat

hecouldusemyfindingstohelpfindatreatmentforgastrointestinal。肖化系統(tǒng)的）illness.Hesignedoff:nwarmest

regardstoyouandlovelyfamily."

Despitehisdifficultywiththelanguage,hehadpaintedapictureforme由atwasfarmorethanasimple

requestforinformation.Thehumanitydisplayed（流露出的）inhismessagemademewanttobothsmileandcry.

36.Whydidthee-mailfromanIraqicatchtheauthor*sattention?

A.ThesubjectlinewasnotwritteninstandardEnglisB.ItwasnotcompletelywritteninEnglis

C.Thesender'snameseemedfamiliaD.Ithadashortsubjectlin

37.Whatdoestheauthorliketodoasascientistwithotherresearchers?

A.ReprintresearchpaperB.ExchangeresearchfindingC.ChatwiththemontheInterne

D.Wisheachotherthebestofluc

38.Besidesworkinterest,theIraqiandtheauthor'se-mailsalsodelivered.

A.heart-warmingfriendlyfeelingsB.medicinetotreatcertaindisease

C.newsabouteachothers1familyD.theiropinionsonwars

39.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.TheauthorofthetextisalanguageteacheB.Iraqipeoplearemuchhappiernowthanbefor

C.TheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertoeachotheD.EvenknowingalittleEnglishcanhelpyoulearna

lo

B

Businessesputlotsoftimeandmoneyintonewplans,programsandexcellentemployeeswiththehope

thingswillchange.Yet,attheendoftheeffort,notmuchchanges.Whathappens

Inmostcases,thosenewplans,programsandemployeesenteracompanywithanexistingculture（文化）.

Andplans,programsandnewemployeeshaveawayofconformingto（順應(yīng)）theexistingculture.Thecultureofyour

businessistheresultofaparticularmindset,oraparticularwayofthinkingandthegeneralfeelingsaboutcertain

things.Mostoften,itisthemindsetofthefounderorpeoplemanagingthebusiness.

Thefounderhasgottentowhereheisbecauseofhisskillsets,knowledgebaseandpersonalbeliefs,which

unfortunatelyallcomewithinherent（值|有的）limits.WhySkills,knowledgeandbeliefscomefromwhatheorshe

alreadyknowsorhasexperienced.Inotherwords,itcomesfromthepast.We（people）trytomakethepastfitthe

future.Justbecausesomethingworkedinthepast,doesn'tmeanitissuitableforthefuture.Asthesayinggoes,ifyou

doandthinkwhatyouhavealwaysdoneandthought,youwillhavewhatyouhavealwayshad.

Therefore,lastingchangeshavetostartwiththewaypeoplethink.Tomakechangesinthewayyouthink,

youwillberequiredtasetgoalsbeyondyourbasicabilitiesandcontinuouslythinkthemthrough.Itisawaytotrain

yourselfandpeopletogetoutofthecomfortzonewhereyoufeelhappywithyourknowledgeandskills.

40.Whichquestiondoestheauthortrytoanswer?

A.WhatpastexperienceisusefulforbusinessesB.Howmuchtimeisneededformakingplans

C.HowcanchangesbemadeinbusinessesD.Whatkindsofemployeesarethebest

41.Wheredoesthebusinessculturemainlycomefrom?

A.ThefoundeB.TheprogresC.ThenewemployeeD.Thecollectiveeffor

42.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthemindsetofthecompanyleader?

A.ItcanpreventtheenrichmentofexperienceB.Itisusefulfarskillandknowledgelearnin

C.Itisimportantforpersonalbeliefsbuild-uD.Itmaylimitthecompany'sdevelopmen

43.Whatplaysakeyroleinmakingchangesinacompany?

A.MakingabreakthroughinthewaypeoplethinB.Trainingpeopletobeabletofacehardshi

C.SettingclearergoalsforemployeeD.Makingthepastfitthefutur

C

It'snotmuch,butit*shome.FrancisChan,anengineer,livesinHampstead,northLondon,inaflatthat's

just4ftwideby21ftlong.Helovesit.

Tinythoughitis,ithasgotallthecomforts.PeterBaynes,Chan'sarchitect（建筑師）,hasachievedaclever

pieceofdesign,accordingtoarchitecturalexperts.

TheChanmini-housewasbuiltonwhatwasonceapathdownthesideofabigVictarianhouse.Notaninch

of