高三英語基礎資料

高三英語基礎資料高三英語基礎資料(一)

不定式做主語：

1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。===動名詞doing表示習慣的，常常的'動作。

e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.

Todosuchthingsisfoolish.

Toseeistobelieve.(對等)

注:1).不定式作主語時,謂語用單數

2).當主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。

it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于以下結構中：

(1)Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo…

(2)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo…

Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary

(3)itis+a+名詞+todo...

Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todo

Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…

Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…

*留意:probable和possible均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實主語，而probable不能用不定式作真實主語。

Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(錯)

Itispossibleforhimtocometothemeeting.

Itispossible/probablethathewillcometothemeeting.

不定式做表語：

主語是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等為中心詞的名詞詞組或以what引導的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說明其內容,不定式作表語常表示將來或如今的動作或狀態(tài)。

eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.

Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.

WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.

高三英語基礎資料(二)

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

過去分詞作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時，說明動作發(fā)生的背景或狀況，其等同于一個狀語從句。vt過去分詞作狀語時與主句主語構成被動關系，表示被動和完成，vi過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動作的完成。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

1作緣由狀語，等于as/since/because引導從句

Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

2作時間狀語，等于when引導時間從句，假如分詞表示的.動作與謂語的動作同時發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/while/until等使時間意義更明確。

Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

3作條件狀語等于if/whether引導從句

Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

4作方式或伴隨狀語

Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

5作讓步狀語

Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

6獨立主格結構：當分詞的規(guī)律主語不是主句主語時，分詞可以有自己獨立的規(guī)律主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構。常用來表示伴隨狀況。

Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

Rewritewithproperconjunctions

Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

高三英語基礎資料(三)

一.過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動詞keep,leave等的后面。

Eg:Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.

Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.(諺語：少說多看)

Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.

Don'tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.

二.過分詞用在get,have,make,的后面。

1.留意“have+賓語+過去分詞〞的.兩種狀況：

A)表"讓某人做某事/讓某事(被人)做"

eg:Ihavehadmybikerepaired.

Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.

B)表"遭受到某種不幸，受到打擊/受....影響，蒙受.....損失"

Eg:Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.

Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.

Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.(MET1986)

2."make+賓語+過去分詞",在這種結構中，過去分詞的動詞必需是表示結果含義的。如：

TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.

三、過去分詞用在感觀動詞watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。如：

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.

Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.

Hefelthimselfcheated.

Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.(NMET2000)

四、過去分詞用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“期望，愿望〞這一類動詞后面做賓補。

Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.

Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.

Iwishthe