高中英語-閱讀理解專題之“七選五”解題步驟與技巧教學課件設(shè)計

閱讀理解專題之“七選五”解題步驟與技巧

Learningaimandimportance:1.學習目標：提高“七選五”做題能力.

2.學習重點：考查學生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文的理解和掌握.一考綱解讀：主要考察學生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解。二命題規(guī)律及考查趨勢2016年的高考將繼續(xù)以說明文為主,議論文為輔。對細節(jié)和主題句的考察為七選五的考察重點?？键c（全是說明文）

題量分布2011課標、全國12012課標、全國12013課標、全國12014課標、全國12015課標、全國1主題句20022過渡句11111細節(jié)24422體驗高考新題型：（7分鐘）

定時完成【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】觀察一下所填的這五個空，試著說出你選這個答案的依據(jù)。

Discussing(2’)

◆Checktheanswers36.B37.E38.A39.C40.G

◆

Pleasediscussthequestionsingroups,eachgroupshoulddiscussonequestion:group1talkaboutquestion1,group2talkaboutquestion2….andsoon.◆Theneachgroupchoosearepresentative(代表)tostatewhyyouchoosethisanswer.分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】

BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgain

Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.

36.

Thatisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.B.

Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.遞進關(guān)系因果關(guān)系近義暗示指代關(guān)系細節(jié)分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】

Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.

37It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetthere.E.

They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbearto

let

ithappenagain.

因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系細節(jié)人稱照應

38

Having

confidence

in

yourself

will

help

you

make

better

choices

because

you

can

see

what

the

best

outcome

would

be

for

your

well-being.

A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.近義暗示分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】主題句…wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetthere.暗示常用祈使句

39

If

you’ve

been

betrayed,

you

are

the

victim

of

your

circumstance.

But

there’s

a

difference

between

being

a

victim

and

living

with

a

“victim

mentality”.

At

some

point

in

all

of

our

lives,

we’ll

have

our

trust

tested

or

violated.

近義暗示同詞復現(xiàn)分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】C.

Stop

regarding

yourself

as

the

victim.

主題句A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.句式照應Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】G.

Seeing

the

positive

side

of

things

doesn’t

mean

you’re

ignoring

what

happened.

同詞復現(xiàn)同一范疇的詞/同一領(lǐng)域的詞過渡句Summary(總結(jié))七選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧:◆速讀全文，關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題◆瀏覽選項，理解全篇邏輯關(guān)系,找出關(guān)鍵詞推斷解題◆詞匯復現(xiàn)法(利用同義詞、近義詞、反義詞關(guān)系解題)◆利用代詞、冠詞的暗示◆利用同一范疇或領(lǐng)域的詞的關(guān)系

◆理清結(jié)構(gòu)與邏輯關(guān)系，確定答案Group1詞匯復現(xiàn)法

復現(xiàn)是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復描述，從而使得同樣的意思在文章中不同的地方重復出現(xiàn)。復現(xiàn)的形式主要是指主要是指同詞（同源詞）復現(xiàn)、同（近）義詞復現(xiàn)、反義詞復現(xiàn)等。Ex1:詞匯復現(xiàn)（同詞復現(xiàn)）（2014全國卷Ⅰ）

Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.38

thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?

Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.__________Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.(2014·新課標I)D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?

causeandeffect因果同詞復現(xiàn)/代詞線索Ex1:詞匯復現(xiàn)（同詞復現(xiàn)）（2014全國卷Ⅰ）

Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.38

thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?Ex2:詞匯復現(xiàn)（反義詞復現(xiàn)）（2012遼寧卷）

Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage….D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.Group2邏輯關(guān)系線索

法

Ex3:邏輯關(guān)系線索

（2012遼寧卷）

Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.74.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.（因果關(guān)系）E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.邏輯關(guān)系線索法EX3.

因果關(guān)系：

so,therefore,thus,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等；(2013全國卷Ⅰ)Ex4:Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit（利潤）—thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.

71

Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmayhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系線索法however,nevertheless,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,otherwise,while,ratherthan,evenif,despite,fortunately等。轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系:Ex5:

Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon’thappenoften.Humansaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.2There,kidscanlearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearsharks.

E.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.F.Morethanhalfofthesharkscaughtaresmallerthan1meterlong.G.Sharkscansmellandtasteblood,andtraceitbacktoitssource.并列與遞進關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系線索法并列與遞進關(guān)系：

and,also,further,moreover,what’smore,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso,firstly,secondly,thirdly….等;it可指代單數(shù)名詞或整個句子；they或them指代復數(shù)名詞；one指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子；this指代單數(shù)名詞或句子;these或those指代前句的復數(shù)名詞。Group3代詞線索

英語表達中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復數(shù)差異可以準確而快速地解題。Ex6:代詞線索

（2012全國課標卷）Trytakingthesefoursteps.thenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talkto“trustedadult,suchas“parentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.Ex7:TheColosseum(角斗場)inRomewasbuiltduringthetimeoftheRomanEmpire,inthefirstcenturyA.D71Itisapopulartouristattractiontoday.A.Itcouldseatabout50,000people,whowenttoseefightsbetweenanimalsandpeople.B.Thecountryusedtodependonagriculture.C.Italyhasseveralislandsoffthecoast.Group4根據(jù)空格所在位置(文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu))確定不同的解題策略

空格為段落標題

（2013遼寧卷）●74Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.C.

Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.

Trytoseethingsfromyouoffender’sangle.E.

Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.空格在段中

（2014全國卷Ⅰ）…..Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.39“Whydoyouthinkshe’sthinking?”“canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”.E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.

F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinst