關(guān)于definition作文寫法

Definition

下定義2021/5/91DefinitionPurposeTypesOrganizationDevelopment(writingstrategy)2021/5/92Whatisdefinition?Definitionmeansestablishinglimitsormarkingboundariesofasubject.Definitionisamethodofmakingexplicitthemeaningofaword,phrase,orterm.Itgivesclearanddistinctfactsaboutsomething.Adefinitionistheenclosingofawildernessofideaswithinawallofwords.Adefinitionistheefforttodistinguishanentityfromallotherthingsforthepurposeofbeingabletorecognizeitorinsomewaytounderstandit

Definitionisawritingtechniquewhichexplainsacomplextermorthewriter’spersonalunderstandingofaword.2021/5/93PurposeToavoidconfusionormisunderstandingofsomesymbolsorideas.Toexplainorcharacterizecertainconcepts,subjects,ideas,ortheoriestothereader2021/5/94Classification-1

1.Simpledefinition2.ExtendeddefinitionClassification-21.Formal(standard)definition2.Informal(personal)definition3.ExtendeddefinitionClassification-31.Logicaldefinition:2.Descriptive(extended)definition2021/5/95Inthesimplestsense,todefineawordistoshowwhatclassorgroupthewordbelongstoandthenpointoutthebasicfeatureswhichdistinguishitfromothermembersofthesamegroup.Thetermtobedefined=Theclassthetermbelongsto+Thecharacteristicsoftheterm

被定義詞=種

+屬差

eg.Todefine:SISU,classroom,water,brunch,happiness,love,beauty..

Simpledefinition:

formal,personal,logical2021/5/96HappinessHappinessisastateofwell-beingandcontentment,apleasurableorsatisfyingexperience------Merriam-Webster’sOnlineDictionaryHappinessiswhenwhatyouthink,whatyousay,andwhatyoudoareinharmony.

-----MahatmaGandhiHappinessisthatstateofconsciousnesswhichproceedsfromtheachievementofone’svalues.-----AynRandHappinessissomethingthatyouareanditcomesfromthewayyouthink.

-----WayneDyer

Happinessisessentiallyastateofgoingsomewhere,wholeheartedly,one-directionally,withoutregretorreservation.WilliamH.SheldonHappinessisthemeaningandthepurposeoflife,thewholeaimandendofhumanexistence.

-----AristotleHappinessisthespiritualexperienceoflivingeveryminutewithlove,graceandgratitude.-----DenisWaitley2021/5/97Rulesobservedwhengivingadefinition

Toavoidcirculardefinition“Economics”isthestudyoftheeconomy.“Economics”isascienceoftheproductionanddistributionofgoods.ToavoidtoobroaddefinitionAn“automobile”isameansoftransportation.An“automobile”isacarusedasameansoftransportation.ToavoidtoonarrowdefinitionApoemistwoormorerhymedlineswrittentoexpressanidea,mood,oremotion.Apoemisapieceofwritinginverseformexpressingdeepfeelingornoblethoughtinbeautifullanguage.2021/5/98Extendeddefinitionsimpledefinition+supportingdetails1.additionalinformation2.physicalfeatures3.functions4.symptoms5.detailsandexamples6.origins

…eg.2021/5/99

A“l(fā)iberatedwoman”issimplyawomanwhocontrolsherownliferatherthanallowingittobecontrolledbyotherpeople,traditions,orexpectations.A“l(fā)iberatedwoman”canbefoundpursuinganylineofwork,includinghousework,ornoworkatall.Shemayormaynotbemarried;shemayormaynothavebornechildren.Shemaybelongtoanyrace;shemayhaveattainedanyage.Shemaybepoororwealthy,educatedorilliterate.Sheneedhaveonlyonetraitincommonwithher“l(fā)iberatedsisters”:shemakesherownchoices,whethertheybethecolorsonherwallsortheadvanceddegreessheseeks.Sheactsofherownvolition,responsibletoherself,andnotoutoffearofwhathermother,lover,orneighbormightsay.2021/5/910Apencilisanimplementforwriting,drawing,ormarking.Usualpencilshavefourparts:awoodedcase,asolidrodofgraphiteorothermarkingmaterial,asmalleraser,andapieceofmetalfixingtheerasertothewood.Thewoodencasesofmostpencilsareeitherroundorhexagonal(六邊形的)withroundededges.Insidethewoodencase,thereisasolidrodofmarkingmaterialwhichgivesthepencilitsspecialwritingcharacteristics.Attheendofthewoodenpart,thereissmallcolorederaserforerasingunwantedwritings.Theeraserisfixedtothemainpartbyacoloredpieceofmetal.Althoughthelength,weightandcolordifferfromonepenciltoanother,theusuallengthandweightare25cmand50g.Theshapeofthepencilallowsittofiteasilyinthehandwhenitiscorrectlyheldbetweenthethumbandfingers,andtofitinthepocketwhenitiscarried.2021/5/911

AHackeroriginallyreferstoapersonwhochops

orcutsroughlyandirregularlywithahatchet斧頭.Butwiththewide-spreadapplicationofcomputerstovariousaspectsofourlifeandwork,ithasassumedanewmeaning.AHackernowisacomputeruserwhoisabletouseorchangetheinformationinotherpeople’scomputersystemswithouttheirknowledgeorpermission.ManyHackersareverytalentedpeoplewhohaveacquiredcomputerknowledgeallbythemselves.2021/5/912OrganizationofacompositionofdefinitionOpening:introduction+thesisstatement=topic+opinion

thetermtobedefinedyourdefinitionoftheterm/Howyouwilldefinetheterm

Introduction

A.Hook1.Youmaywanttoincludethetraditionaldefinitionatthebeginningofyouressaytoprovideabasisforyourpersonaldefinition.2.Youmaywanttoopenwithacontradictoryimagetowhatwouldbeyourimagetoillustratethatdefinition.B.ThesisStatehowyoudefinetheterm.Ifyoucanwritethedefinitionusingspecificpoints,youwillfindthedefinitioneasiertofollowwhenwritingthepaper.2021/5/913TheideaofHopeSomesaysthat“whatoxygenistothelungs,suchishopetothemeaningoflife”.Sokeephope.Butwhatishope?Dictionarytellsusthathopeis“anexpectationwhichhaslittleornochanceoffulfillment”(p.1267,shorterOxfordEnglishDictionary).Thisdefinitionalmostmeansthathopeisthemooninwaterorflowersinmirrorwhichwouldnotbelikelytobecomereality.Yet,itcanalsomeansomethingelse.forme,hopeis…Howdoesthewriterhooktheaudience?2021/5/914Thesisstatement:definition/how-toRestrictthemeaningofyourdefinitionattheverybeginningAsawordoraconceptmighthaveavarietyofmeanings,youshouldlimitthemeaningaccordingtothespecificpurposeofyouressayinthebeginningpart.Afrequentlyusedwayistostipulatethemeaningbyyourselftofitinwiththepurposeofwholeessay.Happinessisthatstateofconsciousnesswhichproceedsfromtheachievementofone’svalues.-----AynRandHappinessissomethingthatyouareanditcomesfromthewayyouthink.

-----WayneDyer

Happinessisessentiallyastateofgoingsomewhere,wholeheartedly,one-directionally,withoutregretorreservation.WilliamH.SheldonHappinessisthemeaningandthepurposeoflife,thewholeaimandendofhumanexistence.

-----AristotleHappinessisthespiritualexperienceoflivingeveryminutewithlove,graceandgratitude.-----DenisWaitley2021/5/915ThedevelopmentalparagraphsAsthedefinitionessayisacombinationofalmostalltypesofexpositorywriting,youcanchooseanytypeofthefollowingpatternsoracombinationofthemtodevelopthebodyofyouressay.2021/5/916Theoriginoftheword(love)isprobablythemostlogicalplacetostart.AswithmanywordsintheEnglishlanguage,loveisaderivativeoftheLatinword"causemajoraproblemus"whichmeans"You'remiserablewhenyougotitandmiserablewhenyoudon't."Thewordwascreatedtoexplainthebiologicalphenomenonthatexistedwhencertainindividualscameintocontactwitheachotherandeitherremainedtogetherorwentabouttheirlivesseparately.Regardlessoftheoutcome,therelationshipwasusuallycharacteristicofthroatlumps,knottedstomachs,weakknees,temporarylossoflanguage,sweatypalms,dizziness,sneezing,andoccasionalnausea.Belligerentinsanityalsoresulted.Historyclearlyillustratesthis.Canweeverforgetthefacethatlaunchedathousandships?FederallyexpressingVanGogh'sear?TheconstructionofLeTourEiffel?Allofthesewereresultsofloveandlovelost.Defineatermbycitingitsoriginanddevelopment

(theterm’sderivation,originalmeaning,andusages)2021/5/917Star-crossedlovershavestatedthatloveisnothandnorfootnoranypartbelongingtoaman.Matrimonialceremoniesalsoclaimthatloveisnotjealousorboastful.Letitbestatedherethatlovealsoisnotagourmetdish,adomesticatedanimal,oralatesttrend.LoveisnotastrategicdefensemechanismnorthebestkeptsecretatthePentagon.Loveisnotanotherseasoningtobottleandstickonthedust-linedshelvesofthespicerack.Loveisnottobeconfusedwithadhesivetape.

Defineatermbyusingnegation(tellingwhatitisnot)2021/5/918Povertyisgettingupeverymorningfromadirt-andillness-stainedmattress…Povertyisbeingtired….Povertyisdirt…Povertyisstayingupallnightoncoldnightstowatchthefireknowingonesparkonthenewspapercoveringthewallsmeansyoursleepingchilddiesinflames….Povertyisaskingforhelp….Povertyisremembering….Povertyislookingintoablackfuture….Povertyisanacidthatdripsonprideuntilallprideiswornaway….

Defineatermbyusingenumeration(listingitscharacteristics)2021/5/919Amapisaconventionalpictureofanareaofland,sea,orsky.Perhapsthemapsmostwidelyusedaretheroadmapsgivenawaybytheoilcompanies.Theyshowtheculturalfeaturessuchasstates,townsparks,androads,especiallypavedroads.Theyshowalsonaturalfeatures,suchasriversandlakes,andsometimesmountains.Assimplemaps,mostautomobiledrivershaveonvariousoccasionsusedsketchesdrawnbyservicestationsmen,orbyfriends,toshowthebestautomobileroutefromonetowntoanother.Defineatermbyclassification2021/5/920

Mapshavebeenusedsincetheearliercivilizations,andexplorersfindthattheyareusedinrathersimplecivilizationsatthepresenttimebypeoplewhoareaccustomedtotraveling.Forexample,Arcticexploreshaveobtainedconsiderablehelpfrommapsofthecoastlinesshowingsettlements,drawnbyEskimopeople.Occasionallymapsshownotonlytheroads,butpicturesofotherfeatures.Oneoftheearliestsuchmapsdatesfromabout1400BC.Itshowsnotonlyroads,butalsolakeswithfish,andacanalwithcrocodilesandabridgeoverthecanal.Thisissomewhatsimilartothemodernmapsofastatewhichshowforeachlargetownsomefeaturesofinterestorthechiefproductsofthattown.Defineatermbyillustration(givingexamples)2021/5/921Thedistinctionusuallymadebetween“maps”and“charts”isthatachartisarepresentationofanareaconsistingchieflyofwater,whileamaprepresentsanareathatispredominantlyland.Itiseasytoseehowthis

distinctionisaroseinthedayswhentherewasnonavigationoverland,butatruerdistinctionisthatchartsarespeciallydesignedforuseinnavigation,whetheratseaorintheair.Defineatermbyusinganalogies2021/5/922Whenyoudefineadevice(multimedia),anevent(nationalsportsmeetforcollegestudents),oraconcept(marketeconomy),youneedtoexplainwhatthedevicedoes,howtheeventtakesplace,orhowaprocedureiscarriedout.Allthisrequiresusingprocessanalysistobetterclarifytheparticularmeaningforthereader.e.g.,Ifyouessayisabout“happiness”,youshouldnotjustdefinewhathappinessis,youshouldalsoexplainhowtobehappy.Defineatermbyusingprocessanalysis2021/5/923Itisapparentlyverynecessarytodistinguishbetweenparenthoodandparentage.

Parenthood

isanart;parentageistheconsequenceofamerebiologicalact.Thebiologicalabilitytoproduce,toconceive,andtogivebirthtoachildhasnothingtodowiththeabilitytocareforthatchildasitrequirestobecaredfor.Itishighlydesirablethatparentageshouldnotbeundertakenuntiltheparenthoodhasbeenlearned.Parentageisoftenirresponsiblewhereasparenthoodisresponsible.Parentageatbestisirresponsiblyresponsibleforthebirthofachildwhileparenthoodisresponsibleforthedevelopmentofahumanbeing-notsimplyachild,butahumanbeing.Itcanthusbestatedthatparenthoodisthemostimportantoccupationintheworld.Defineatermbyusingcomparisonandcontrast2021/5/924DefineatermbyusingcauseandeffectAsmightbeexpected,researchershaveofferedmanytheoriesconcerningthecauseofcribdeath.Dr.R.C.Reisinger,anationalcancerInstitutescientist,haslinked

cribdeathto

thegrowthofacommonbacterium,E.coli,intheintestinesofnewbornbabies.Theorganismsmultiplyintheintestines,manufacturingatoxinthatisabsorbedbytheintestinalwallandpassesintothebloodstream.Breastmilkstopsthegrowthoftheorganism,whereascow’smilkpermitsit.Therefore,Dr.Reisingerbelieves,bottle-fedbabiesrunahigherriskofcribdeaththanotherbabies.2021/5/925DefineatermbyusingnegationManypeoplethinkthatanurseisasmilingwoman,inawhiteuniformandcap,whosemainjobistotaketemperatureforapatientandchangehisorherbedpaninthehospital.

However,thisstereotypeisnotcorrect.Today’snursesarebothmaleandfemale.Theyaretrainedprofessionalswhooffercomfortandassistancetopeoplewhoareillorwhoareexperiencinggreatphysicalormentalstress.Theyworkinhospitalbedroomsandinoperatingroom.Theyalsohelppeopleinstitutionsandprovideprofessionalhomecare…2021/5/926Definethetermmaturitybymakingalistofthecharacteristicsofthematurity.Definethetermmaturitybynegation.Byillustration(eg.ofmature&immaturepeople’sbehavior)Definethetermmaturitybyanalogy.Ismaturityequaltosophisticationorworldliness?Howtojudgewhetherapersonismatureornot?Ismaturityjudgedbytheage,socialstatusorthedegreeofsuccessofaperson?Howtoachievematurity?Classexercise

Discussion:thedefinitionofmaturity2021/5/927Maturityistheabilitytocontrolangerandsettledifferenceswithoutviolenceordestruction.

Maturityispatience.Itisthewillingnesstopassupimmediatepleasureinfavorofthelong-termgain.

Maturityisperseverance,theabilitytosweatoutaprojectorasituationinspiteofheavyoppositionanddiscouragingset-backs.

Maturityisthecapacitytofaceunpleasantnessandfrustration,discomfortanddefeat,withoutcomplaintorcollapse.

Samplethesis2021/5/928Maturityishumility.Itisbeingbigenoughtosay,"Iwaswrong."And,whenright,thematurepersonneednotexperiencethesatisfactionofsaying,"Itoldyouso.

Maturityistheabilitytomakeadecisionandstandbyit.Theimmaturespendtheirlivesexploringendlesspossibilities;thentheydonothing.

Maturitymeansdependability,keepingone'sword,comingthroughinacrisis.Theimmaturearemastersofthealibi.Theyaretheconfusedandthedisorganized.Theirlivesareamazeofbrokenpromises,formerfriends,unfinishedbusiness,andgoodintentionsthatsomehownevermaterialize.

Maturityisthe