江蘇省南京市橋林中學(xué)2021年高二英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題含解析

江蘇省南京市橋林中學(xué)2021年高二英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.---Please________allthenumbersandtellmetheresult.---Thosenumbers________10,000.A.addto,addup

B.addup,adduptoC.addup,addto

D.addupto,addto參考答案：B試題分析：考查近義短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。句意：——請(qǐng)把所有的數(shù)字加起來(lái)并告訴我結(jié)果?！切?shù)字加起來(lái)總共是10000.addto增添,增加,增進(jìn)addup加起來(lái)addupto加起來(lái)總共是（總計(jì)是），根據(jù)句意故應(yīng)選B2.________confidenceinyourselfisthebiggestbarrier_______greaterprogressinyourwork.A.Lackingof;tomaking

B.Lackof;tomake

C.Lackof;tomaking

D.Thelackof;tomake參考答案：C3..Morethan80％ofthecitizensarguethattheincometaxshouldnotbe________，becauseitcontributestothewholesociety.A.affected

B.disturbedC.abolished

D.calculated參考答案：C【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：超過(guò)80%的公民爭(zhēng)論說(shuō)，所得稅法不應(yīng)被廢除，因?yàn)樗暙I(xiàn)于整個(gè)社會(huì)。A.affected影響；B.disturbed打擾；C.abolished徹底廢除；D.calculated計(jì)算，根據(jù)題意，故選C。4.Thisisanovel,but_________,itcanbelooked_________abiography.A.inotherwords,for

B.ontheotherhand,as

C.foronething,of

D.asamatteroffact,on參考答案：b略5.Thewholefilmworldpaysattentionto______wins.A.whom

B.which

C.who

Dwhat參考答案：C6.

Onlywhenhewasrefusedbytheinterviewer________theimportanceofknowingEnglish.A.washefullyawareof

B.hewasfullyawareofC.wasfullyheawareof

D.hefullywasawareof參考答案：A7.Thepersonwhois________ofthefactoryhas_______illsincelastweek.A.incharge;been

B.inthecharge;fallen

C.takingcharge;fallen

D.incharge;fell參考答案：A8.Wasitinthevillage______hewasborn

______thetalentedjournalistmettheretiredprofessor?

A.that,where

B.where,which

C.which,where

D.where,that參考答案：D略9.Pressedfromhisparents,and______thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.A.realizing

B.realized C.torealize

D.beingrealized參考答案：A10.Ittookhimalongtimeto_____himself____thecoldweatherinthenorth.

A.adapt;toB.adopt;toC.adapt;withD.adopt;with參考答案：A略11.Theidea________EnglandstandsforFish&Chips,Speakers’Corner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondon________past.A.what;is

B.that;is

C.what;are

D.that;are參考答案：B12.BothBeijingandTianjin_____inthenorthofChina.A

is

B

was

C

were D

are參考答案：D13.IfyouhaveaccesstotheInternet,youcan______accommodationwithyourmobilephoneanywhereandanytimeveryconveniently.A.apply

B.order

C.book

D.afford

參考答案：C14.It’sreportedthatcustomerscouldstartusingtheirphonestobuy______coffeeinsomestores,whichis________firstpay-by-phonepracticeintheUSA．A.a;the

B./;/

C.a;/

D.the;the參考答案：A15.Overthepasthalfcentury,________chemicalfertilizershasbecomeverycommoninfarming.A.havingused

B.use

C.used

D.using參考答案：D試題分析：句意：在過(guò)去的半個(gè)世紀(jì)，在農(nóng)業(yè)中使用化肥已經(jīng)很普遍。此處是動(dòng)詞-ing形式做主語(yǔ)，故選D.

考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。16.Theworkersareso

tothenoiseofthemachinethattheydon’tevennoticeitduringtheirwork.A．a(chǎn)dmirable B．a(chǎn)ccustomedC．a(chǎn)stonished D．a(chǎn)ssociated參考答案：B【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：工人們?nèi)绱肆?xí)慣于機(jī)器的噪音以至于他們?cè)诠ぷ鲿r(shí)都沒(méi)有注意到（機(jī)器的噪音）。A.admirable令人欽佩的；B.accustomed習(xí)慣的C.astonished驚訝的；D.associated聯(lián)結(jié)的。根據(jù)后文“theydon’tevennoticeitduringtheirwork.”可知工人在工作時(shí)沒(méi)有注意到機(jī)器的噪音，說(shuō)明他們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了（accustomed），故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】我們做題時(shí)，應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文情境來(lái)選擇正確答案。本題中，很多考生在不看全句的情況下很容易選astonished（驚訝的），然而根據(jù)下文可知工人在工作時(shí)沒(méi)有注意到機(jī)器的噪音，在這個(gè)語(yǔ)境中，工人是習(xí)慣于噪音的，而不是驚訝，所以選B項(xiàng)。二、完型填空17.WhenIwasyounger,Iwasverysporty.Mydadisarunnerwhogreat_21___me.Mygreathobbybetweentheages11and14wascross-country__22_.However,whenmyfamily__23__,mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto__24__,andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.Overthenextfewyears,I__25__exercisingexceptduringP.E.lessonsatschool.Iwas__26__thatIcouldeatwhatIwantedanddidn'tputonanyweight,soitlookedlikeIwashealthy,butinrealityIwasvery__27__.WhenIstarteduniversity,IdecidedthatIwouldtryandgetfit,butbythenIwasworriedabout__28__myselfinfrontofotherpeople.__29__,thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.This__30__cameafterIwaslateforabus,triedtorunafteritandwasveryoutof_31___inunderaminute!Iconsidered__32__runningagain,yetmyhousematetriedtopracticeyoga,somyNewYear's__33__wasdelayed.Finally,oneofmyfriends_34___aswimmingpoolclosetomyhousethatshehadgonetoafewtimes.Now,Ilove__35__,andIfinddoinglapsinthepoolveryrelaxing.Expertssayeveryoneshoulddo30minutesofproper__36__everyday,soI'mstartingwithanhourthreetimesaweekand__37__everyday.IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthe__38__ofregularexercise,andwillbecomefitterand__39__.Inthelongterm,Iknowitwillbeverygoodforme,and__40__allsortsofhealthproblemsthatoftenoccurinlaterlife.21．A．understood

B．created

C．discouraged

D．influenced22．A．skiing

B．jogging

C．running

D．driving23．A．collected

B．moved

C．saved

D．travelled24．A．sports

B．lessons

C．parents

D．seats25．A．tried

B．stopped

C．enjoyed

D．risked26．A．obvious

B．rich

C．lucky

D．nervous27．A．unusual

B．unlucky

C．unconscious

D．unfit28．A．helping

B．introducing

C．embarrassing

D．teaching29．A．Even

B．However

C．Also

D．Thus30．A．decision

B．a(chǎn)dvice

C．method

D．praise31．A．control

B．order

C．date

D．breath32．A．takingin

B．holdingup

C．takingup

D．turningout33．A．resolve

B．present

C．party

D．welcome34．A．saw

B．ran

C．met

D．recommended35．A．swimming

B．running

C．boating

D．touring36．A．place

B．way

C．exercise

D．light37．A．gettingup

B．buildingup

C．puttingup

D．makingup38．A．a(chǎn)ctions

B．hobbies

C．glasses

D．benefits39．A．quicker

B．stronger

C．higher

D．braver40．A．prevent

B．suffer

C．treat

D．show參考答案：21．

D

22．

C

23．

B

24．

A

25．

B

26．

C

27．

D

28．

C

29．

B

30．

A

31．

D

32．

C

33．

A

34．

D

35．

A

36．

C

37．

B

38．

D

39．

B

40．

A

【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了作者小時(shí)候很喜歡跑步。作者搬家后，新學(xué)校不重視運(yùn)動(dòng)，作者也就不怎么運(yùn)動(dòng)了。隨著時(shí)間的流逝，作者意識(shí)到了健康出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，重新開(kāi)始了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。21．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)Mygreathobbybetweentheages11and14wascross-country___2___.可知我的父親是一名跑步者，他對(duì)我影響很大。A.understood明白；B.created創(chuàng)造；C.discouraged勸阻；D.influenced影響，故選D。22．考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)Iconsidered___12___runningagain在十一歲到十四歲之間，我最大的愛(ài)好是越野賽跑。A.skiing滑雪；B.jogging慢跑；C.running賽跑；D.driving駕駛，故選C。23．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___4___,可知我家搬家了。A.collected收集；B.moved搬家；C.saved節(jié)??；D.travelled旅行，故選B。24．考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.可知我的新學(xué)校不重視運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.sports運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.lessons課程；C.parents父母；D.seats座位，故選A。25．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___4___,andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.可知這里意思是除了學(xué)校的體育課，我停止了運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.tried嘗試；B.stopped停止；C.enjoyed喜愛(ài)；D.risked冒險(xiǎn)，故選B。26．考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)thatIcouldeatwhatIwantedanddidn'tputonanyweight,soitlookedlikeIwashealthy我可以想吃什么就吃什么，不會(huì)增加體重，所以看起來(lái)我很健康，由此可知我是幸運(yùn)的。A.obvious明顯的；B.rich富有的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.nervous緊張的，故選C。27．考查形容詞辨析。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，我看起來(lái)很健康，但是，事實(shí)上，我不健康。A.unusual不尋常的；B.unlucky不幸的；C.unconscious無(wú)意識(shí)的；D.unfit不健康的，故選D。28．考查v+ing。根據(jù)thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.可知這里意思是但那時(shí)，我擔(dān)心在別人面前讓自己難堪。A.helping幫助；B.introducing介紹；C.embarrassing使人尷尬的；D.teaching教，故選C。29．考查副詞辨析。句意：然而，今年，我的新年承諾之一就是努力保持體型。A.Even甚至；B.However然而；C.Also也；D.Thus因此，故選B。30．考查名詞辨析。句意：這個(gè)決定是在我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一輛公交車，試圖追上它，在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，我上氣不接下氣后做出的。A.decision決定；B.advice建議；C.method方法；D.praise贊美，故選A。31．考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)決定是在我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一輛公交車，試圖追上它，在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，我上氣不接下氣后做出的。A.outofcontrol失去控制；B.outoforder發(fā)生故障；C.outofdate過(guò)期的；D.outofbreath上氣不接下氣，故選D。32．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我考慮再次從事跑步。A.takingin吸收；B.holdingup舉起；C.takingup開(kāi)始從事；D.turningout結(jié)果是，故選C。33．考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.可知這里意思是我的新年決定被延遲了。這里是同義詞重現(xiàn)。A.resolve決定；B.present呈現(xiàn)；C.party參加社交聚會(huì)；D.welcome歡迎，故選A。34．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：最后，我的一個(gè)朋友推薦了我家附近的一個(gè)游泳池，她去過(guò)幾次。A.saw看到；B.ran跑；C.met遇見(jiàn)；D.recommended推薦，故選D。35．考查v+ing辨析。根據(jù)Finally,oneofmyfriends___14___aswimmingpoolclosetomyhousethatshehadgonetoafewtimes.可知現(xiàn)在，我愛(ài)游泳。A.swimming游泳；B.running跑步；C.boating劃船；D.touring旅行，故選A。36．考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthe___18___ofregularexercise,可知專家說(shuō)每個(gè)人每天應(yīng)該做30分鐘適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)。A.place地方；B.way方法；C.exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.light光線，故選C。37．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所以我從每周三次，每次一小時(shí)開(kāi)始，每天都在增加。A.gettingup起床；B.buildingup增進(jìn)；C.puttingup舉起；D.makingup化妝，故選B。38．考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)andwillbecomefitterand___19___.可知這里意思是我希望我將很快開(kāi)始感受到定期鍛煉的好處。A.actions行動(dòng)；B.hobbies愛(ài)好；C.glasses眼鏡；D.benefits福利，故選D。39．考查形容詞辨析。句意：我的身體將會(huì)變得更健康，更強(qiáng)壯。A.quicker更快；B.stronger更強(qiáng)壯；C.higher更高；D.braver更勇敢，故選B。40．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，我知道這對(duì)我很有好處，可以防止以后生活中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的各種健康問(wèn)題。A.prevent阻止；B.suffer遭受；C.treat對(duì)待；D.show顯示，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空是高考英語(yǔ)中最難的一個(gè)題，正確解答完形填空題是考試成功至關(guān)重要的保障。完形填空所選的文章都是具有邏輯關(guān)系、意義相連的語(yǔ)篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)的復(fù)現(xiàn)、前后同義或反義、相互照應(yīng)等現(xiàn)象。所以，解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。完形填空的解題方法很多，而詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法就是最常見(jiàn)的方法之一。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)以及結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)等。本題中的2小題中的running；13小題中的promises和resolve；16小題中的exercise等都采用了同義詞或原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的方法。但由于我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)不可能總是重復(fù)地閱讀文章，因此，在做完形填空時(shí)要培養(yǎng)一種捕捉并記憶相關(guān)信息的能力。三、閱讀理解18.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginanamazingage.Wearefreefrommanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncedeadlyillnessescannowbecuredbymodernmedicine.Itisalmostcertainthatonedaymedicineswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseases.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedgreatly.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheunbelievablekillingofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manvsthemotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.

Thousandsofpeopleallovertheworldarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.

Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel(方向盤(pán)),hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteering-wheel.Theysay,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldsandcompletelyselfish.Theirhiddenangersanddisappointmentsseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving.

Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessogentlyonthemotoristandseemstoforgivehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisruinedbyroadnetworks;andthedeathsbecomenothingmorethananumbereveryyear,tobeeasilyforgotten.

Itishightimeaworldrulewascreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesareunbelievablelenient(寬容的)andeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Arulewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveanobviouslybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstricttestsforsafetyeachyear.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcandamageaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglaws(wheretheyexist)shouldbemademuchstricter.Speedlimitsshouldberequiredonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsforcarfactories,ashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstresspowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaynotsoundgoodenough.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingthenumberofdeaths.Afterall,theworldisforhumanbeings,notmotor-cars.61.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotorists.B.Thousandsofpeopleallovertheworldarekilledeachyear.C.Thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolenient.D.Morestricttrafficlawscanpreventaccidents.62.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?A.Societylaughsatthemotorists.

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.

D.Societyforgivestheirrudedriving.63.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality”inParagraph3?A.Drivingcanshowhishiddenqualities.

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.

D.Drivingcanrepresenthismanners.64.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?A.Perfecttheroadnetwork.

B.Morestrictdrivingtests.C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.65.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthetrafficsituationis______.A.confused

B.discontented

C.appealing

D.doubtful

參考答案：DDAAB19.

WhenRikkeDauseninDenmarkgoestogetsomemilkfromthefridge,shehastroublegettingpasttherefrigeratordoor.Butit’snotbecauseofanyphysicalobstruction.It’susuallybecausethePCmonitorinherrefrigerator’sdoorhasinformedherthatanewemailmessagehasarrived.

Rikkeandherhusbandaretakingpartinasix-monthtrialsponsoredbyaDanishfirmandtwoSwedishpartners.Theyhopetoshowthatcomputerscanbeputtomuchmorepracticaldailyusethanmostpeoplethink.Fiftyfamiliesandsingleswereprovidedwithafreemodelknownasthe“Screenfridge”forthedurationoftrial.

“It’sreallyveryclever”,saysRikke.Shecancallupemail,newsreports,salesitemsatthesupermarketoraddressedoutoftheendlessoceanInternetpossi