新編英語教程5Unit2Beware-the-Dirty-Seas-課件

Unit2BewaretheDirtySeasMediterraneanSeaMediterraneanSeaTheMediterraneanSeaisapartoftheAtlanticOceanalmostcompletelyenclosedbyland:onthenorthbyEurope,onthesouthbyAfrica,andontheeastbyAsia.Itcoversanapproximateareaof2.5million

km2(965000mi2),butitsconnectiontotheAtlantic(theStraitofGibraltar)isonly14km(9mi)wide.Inoceanography,itissometimescalledtheEurafricanMediterraneanSeaortheEuropeanMediterraneanSea,todistinguishitfromMediterraneanseaselsewhere.Itwasasuperhighwayoftransportinancienttimes,allowingfortradeandculturalexchangebetweenemergentpeoplesoftheregion—theMesopotamian,Egyptian,Semitic,Persian,Phoenician,Carthaginian,GreekandRomancultures.ThehistoryoftheMediterraneanisimportantinunderstandingtheoriginanddevelopmentofWesternCivilization.WaterpollutionWaterpollutionisamajorelementofenvironmentalpollution.Itincludestheaccumulationinoceans,lakes,rivers,andstreamsofphysical,chemical,andbiologicalsubstancesthatareeitherdirectlyharmfultolifeorthathavedangerousorharmfulsecondaryandlong-rangeeffects.Theprincipalsourcesofwaterpollutionaresewage,industrialwaste,garbageandrefuse,andagriculturalfertilizers,pesticides,andweedkillers.Thetwochiefreasonsforthecontaminationandexacerbation(惡化)oftheproblemareindustrializationandurbanization.Industrialwastesincludedissolvedminerals,toxicchemicals,andsediments.Modernindustrialprocesseshavepollutedwaterwithcertainmetals,suchasleadandmercury,whileagriculturalpracticesdosowithavarietyofpesticides.beware(intheimperativeandinfiniteonly):beonguard,takecareBewareofthedog!Bewareisusedwithnochangeofform，ingivingwarnings．Itisgenerallyusedintheimperative．Examples：

Beware(of)thefakeproductsthatfloodthemarket．

Bewarehowyouhandlethedelicatesituation．

Wehavetobewarethatnoonebacksoutatthelastminute．

Paragraph1holidaymaker:someonewhotravelsforpleasure

Paragraph1bedrawnto:beattractedtosth.被...所吸引Synonyms:beappealedto;becharmedwith;befascinatedwith/byParagraph1holidaydestination:holidayresort

Paragraph1waters:thewaterofthestatedrivers,lakes,etc.E.g.:theupperwatersoftheThames泰晤士河上游

South-ChinaSeawaters中國南海海域

internationalwaters國際海域Paragraph1sluice:topourasiffromasluice,i.e.,aman-madepassageforwaterfittedwithagateforstoppingandregulatingtheflow;achannelcontrollingwaterflown.水閘；（用水閘控制的）水；有閘人工水道；漂洗處vt.沖洗；（指水）噴涌而出；漂凈；給…安裝水閘Paragraph2sewage:wastemattercarriedawayinsewersordrains

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nurture:furtherthedevelopmentof;carefor

Nurturemeaning“carefororprotect”isoftenusedwithchildrenorplant，e.g.nurtureachild，nurtureplantsinagreenhouse．Wemayalsonurtureaplan，someideas，aproject，etc．，meaning“takeactionto

encouragethedevelopmentofaplan．etc．”Thetreegrowswellinhisnurture.Parentswanttoknowthebestwaytonurtureandraisetheirchildtoadulthood...父母希望知道養(yǎng)育孩子長大成人的最佳方法。Paragraph3

gravely:badly;inagraveandsobermanner;toasevereorseriousdegree

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fallvictimto:sufferfromE.g.:fallvictimtoadisease/anexplosion/one’sownavariceParagraph3

evolve:developgradually(byalongcontinuousprocess)vt.使發(fā)展；使進(jìn)化；設(shè)計，制訂出；發(fā)出，散發(fā)vi.發(fā)展；workout;synonym：germinate，developundergodevelopmentorevolution;Modernmanevolvedalongtimeago.Paragraph3

stifle:v.to(causeto)beunabletobreathecomfortably,esp.becauseofheatandlackoffreshair（使）窒息；抑制E.g.bestifledwithsmoke被煙熏得透不過氣來

stiflepoliticalfreedom扼殺政治自由

Shortagesofbasicmaterialsstifledeconomicgrowth.基本原料的匱乏抑制了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

stifleone’slaughter(yawn,sobs)忍住笑（呵欠，抽泣）

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inhabit:liveWildtribesstillinhabitpartofthePhilippines.菲律賓部分地區(qū)仍然居住著一些原始部落。Thoughtsinhabithismind.各種思想占據(jù)了他的心靈。

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typhoid:傷寒paratyphoid:副傷寒dysentery:痢疾polio:脊髓灰質(zhì)炎viralhepatitis:病毒性肝炎cholera:霍亂Paragraph4endemic:(especiallyofadisease)foundregularlyinaparticularplace地方性的E.g.:ThisisaproblemendemictotheWesternworld.這是西方世界普遍存在的一個問題。

anendemicspecies特有物種

endemicfolkways當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗Paragraph5litany:repetition.Theliteralmeaningisaprayerconsistingofaseriesofinvocationsandsupplicationsbytheleaderwithresponsesbythecongregation.應(yīng)答連禱

Here,litanyisusedinitstransferredmeaning,referringtothefrequentoutbreaksofdisease.E.g.:commitalitanyofcrimes犯一系列的罪themournfullitanyofdisease:thedeplorable/appalling/dreadfulrepetitiveoccurrencesofdiseaseParagraph5straightoff:withoutdelayorhesitation;withnotimeinterveningItoldherright/straightoffwhatIthoughtofher.我把我對她的看法直截了當(dāng)?shù)馗嬖V了她。JusttellmewhatitisandI'llconfessstraightoff.你只用告訴我是什么，我都馬上招供。Paragraph7flush:pour;floodwithwatertocleanoutE.g.:flushatoilet(lavatory)抽水沖洗馬桶（廁所）

Iwasrecommendedfruitjuicestoflushnicotineoutofthebody.我得到勸告，應(yīng)多喝果汁以從體內(nèi)排除尼古丁。

Paragraph8areawashwithbacteria:havealargeamountofbacteriaAwashinitsliteralsensemeans“becoveredinwater”.E.g.:Afteraheavyrain,thestreetswereawash.rocksawashathightide漲潮時被淹沒的巖石

Theship’sdeckwasawash.船上的甲板被浪潮沖打。Awashwithisusedfiguratively,meaning“havingalargeamountofsomething,”asusedinthissentence.Buttheytoldmethestreetwasawashwithblood.但他們告訴我，大街被鮮血淹沒。Paragraph8aoneinsevenchanceof:thepossibilityofgettingsomesortofdiseaseonceoutsevenvisitstotheMediterraneanchance:thepossibilityordegreeoflikelihoodthatsomethingwillhappene.g.:Danhasafifty-fiftychanceofpassingtheexamination.Paragraph8atrisk:beindangerSynonyms:ontheline,atstakeRelatedphrases:runarisk冒險

attheriskof冒…的危險；

atanyrisk不顧一切地Paragraph9lurk:toexistunseen潛伏；潛藏E.g.:Asnakewaslurkinginthegrass.一條蛇正潛伏在草叢中。Seductive:adj.attractive誘人的,有魅力的vt.seduce引誘，慫恿Synonyms:attractive;catchinge.g.Itisaseductivetheory這是個引人注目的理論。

aseductivehighofferofhigherpay具有吸引力的高薪Paragraph9prime:chief;firstinpositionorimportance.e.g.:Honestyisamatterofprimeimportance.Paragraph10filthy:adj.verydirtyandunpleasant骯臟的；污穢的；猥褻的e.g.filthylucre不義之財

filthyrich滿身銅臭

Iloathethefilthynatives.我厭惡這些骯臟的土人Paragraph11cluster:gathern.叢；簇，串；群；vi.叢生；群聚vt.使密集，使聚集Aclusteroftouristswassurroundedinthehill.一群游客被困在了山中。Thepassengersclusteredtogetherinsmallgroups...乘客們?nèi)宄扇壕墼谝黄稹aragraph12foul:v.makesth.dirty弄臟，污染e.g.Thedogfoulsthecourtyard.foulsomethingup弄亂某物

adj.1.havingabadsmellortastee.g.foulair/breath污濁難聞的空氣Paragraph12effluent:n.[C](atypeof)liquidwasteflowsoutfromafactory,ect.廢水，污水，排泄物e.g.receivetheeffluent回收廢水；

effluenttreatment廢水處理

Dangerouseffluentfromsomechemicalplantsisbeingpouredintotheriverthroughthetown.Paragraph13washingdown:v.沖洗，沖掉，咽下，吞下Synonyms:swallowdown咽下;getsomethingdown吞下e.g.Hewashedthecardownwithahose.他用水管沖洗汽車。Paragraph14nourish:togiveapersonorotherlivingthingthefoodandothersubstancestheyneedinordertolive,grow,andstayhealthy:ThecreamcontainsvitaminAtonourishtheskin.awellnourishedbaby（formal）tokeepafeeling,idea,orbeliefstrongorhelpittogrowstronger:Weneedtonourishourhopesanddreams.Paragraph14plankton:verysmallformsofplantandanimallifethatinabodyofwater

Paragraph14slime

n.Uanyunpleasantthickliquidsubstance污濁的泥漿，令人不愉快的粘液e.g.coalslime

煤泥

slimewater

泥漿水

Theirskinproducesaslimethathelpstokeepitmoist.

它們的皮膚產(chǎn)生一種粘液，幫助保持皮膚潤濕。Paragra