2020北京各區(qū)高三一模匯編-閱讀理解C篇

2020北京各區(qū)高三一模英語分類匯編閱讀理解C匯編

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

1、（20如北京朝陽一模）

C

Abutterfly5swingscanhavemanyjobsbesideskeepingtheinsecthighupintheair.

Theymaybeusedtoattractmates,ortowarnpotentialattackerstostayaway.Allofthese

roles,though,dependontheirunchangingcolouration.Thisplaysintotheideathatbutterfly

wingsaredeadtissue,likeabird'sfeathers.Infact,that'snottrue.Forexample,insome

speciesmales'wingshavespecialcellsreleasingsomechemicalswhichattractfemales.

NanfangYu,aphysicistatColumbiaUniversity,inNewYork,hasbeenlookingintothematter.Together

withNaomiPierce,abutterflyspecialistatHarvardUniversity,hehasnowshown,inapaperpublishedmNature

CommunicationsinFebruary,2020,thatbutterflywingsare,indeed,verymuchalive.

Intheirexperiments,thetworesearchersusedalaser（激光）toheatupspotsonthewingsofdozensofbutterfly

species.Whenthetemperatureoftheareaunderthelaserreached40℃orso,theinsectsrespondedwithinseconds

bydoingthingsthatstoppedtheirwingsheatingupfurther.Theseactionsincludedabutterflyturningaroundto

minimizeitsprofiletothelaser,movingitswingsupanddownorsimplywalkingaway.

Butterfliesengagedinalloftheseheat-minimisingactivitiesevenwhentheresearchersblindfoldedthem.

Thatsuggestedtherelevantsensorswereonthewingsthemselves.DrYuandDrPiercethereforesearchedthose

wingsforlikelylookingsensorycells.Theyfoundsome,intheformofneurons（神經(jīng)元）thatweresimilartoheat

detectorsknownfromotherinsects.Theyalsouncovereddisc-shapedcellsthatappearedtobesimilartopressure-

sensitiveneurons.Theyguessthatthesearetheretodetectdeformationofthewing-informationaninsectcoulduse

tocontrolitsHightpattern.

Thethirddiscoverytheymadetocontradictthe“deadwing“ideawasthatsomebutterflywingshavea

heartbeat.Abutterfly'swingshaveveins面脈）.Thesecarryabloodlikeliquidwhich,researchershavenowfoundin

males,showsapulse（脈搏）ofseveraldozenbeatsperminute.Thesourceofthispulseappearstobethescent（氣味）

pad,adarkspotonthewingsthatproducesthefemale-attractingchemicals.Apparently,this“wingheart“actsasa

pumpthathelpsbloodlike

liquidthroughthescentpad.

Inalltheirexperimentssimulatingdifferentenvironmentalconditions,DrYuandDrPierceconsistentlyfound

that,differentpartsofthewingarecoveredbydifferentsortsofscales鱗屑）.Inparticular,tubespassthroughscales

overthescentpads.Thisimprovestheirabilitytospreadheatawayandhelpskeepthelivingpartsofabutterfly?s

wingsalive.

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38.Abird9sfeathersarementionedinParagraph1to.

A.introducethelatestresearchfindingsonabird

B.highlightthespecialfeatureofabird'sfeathers

C.showcommonknowledgeaboutbutterflywings

D.stressthedifferencebetweenabutterflyandabird

39.WhatcanwelearnfromDrYuandDrPierce,sexperiments?

A.Butterflywingsarecomplicatedlivingorgans.

B.Butterflywingshavelittlereactiontoexternalheat.

C.Thescentpadsonsomemalebutterflywingsaretheirhearts.

D.Heat-minimisingactivitieshelpdetectdeformationofthewings.

40.Whatisthefunctionofscalesoverthescentpads?

A.Attractingmates.B.Increasingbloodflow.

C.Coveringpowerfultubes.D.Producingthecoolingeffect.

41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SeeingIsBelievingB.MoreThanMeetsTheEye

C.NothingSeek,NothingFindD.FineFeathersMakeFineBirds

2、（2020北京東城一模）

C

WeAreCyborgs

RoboCop,theBionicWoman,DarthVader-whatdothesecharactershaveincommon?Theyareallcyborgs-

humanswhoaremademorepowerfulbyadvancedtechnology.Youmightthinkthatcyborgsexistonlyinfiction,or

areapossibilityonlyinthedistantfuture.Butcyborgtechnologyalreadyexists.

Theword“cyborg“wasfirstusedin1960anddefinedasanorganism“towhichexternalcomponentshavebeen

addedforthepurposeofadaptingtonewenvironments^^.Accordingtothisdefinition,anastronautinaspacesuitisan

exampleofcyborg,asthespacesuithelpstheastronautadapttoanewenvironment-space.Morerecently,theword

hasevolvedtorefertohumanbeingswhohavemechanicalbodypartsthatmakethemmorethanhuman.

Althoughsuper-humanslikeRoboCoparenotyetareality,advancesinreal-lifecyborgtechnologyallowsome

peopletocompensateforabilitiestheyhavelost,andgiveotherpeoplenewandunusualabilities.Anexampleis

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filmmakerRobSpenceandhisbioniceye.Spenceinjuredoneofhiseyesinanaccident.Acamerawasimplantedin

hisprostheticeye（彳發(fā)眼）.Theeyeisnotconnectedtohisbrainoropticnerve（視神經(jīng)）,butitcanrecordwhat

hesees.Spencehasusedhiscameraeyetorecordinterviewsforadocumentaryaboutpeoplewithbionicbodyparts.

Sometypesofcyborgtechnologyreplacealostabilitybyconnectingdirectlytoaperson'snerves.Michael

ChorostcompletelyandsuddenlylosthisabilitytohearinJulyof2001.Twomonthslater,doctorsplacedacochlear

implant,akindofcomputer,insidehisskull.Thistypeofimplantconnectstoauditorynervesandallowsadeaf

persontohearagain.Aroundtheworld,over300,000peoplehavenowbeenfittedwithcochlearimplants.

Theseexamplesofcyborgtechnologyhaveenabledpeopletoenhanceorchangetheirabilitiesandimprovetheir

lives.Butdoeseveryonewanttousecyborgtechnology?Itmightbetoolatetodecide.CyborgscientistAmberCase

arguesthatmostofusarealreadycyborgs.Anyonewhousesacomputerorasmartphone,Caseclaims,isacyborg.

Considerthedatathatyouhaveinyoursmartphone.Itkeepsinfonnationfbryousoyoudon'thavetorememberit:

notes,phonenumbers,emailaddresses,messages.Italsoallowsyoutocommunicatewithfriendsandfamilyvia

telephone,textmessages,email,andsocialnetworks.

Thepotentialbenefitsofcyborgtechnologyareevident,butcanthisnewtechnologybeharmful,too?Couldwe

becometoodependentoncyborgtechnology-andbecomelessthanhuman?Thesestillremainquestions.

38.Accordingtothepassage,thecyborg.

A.issimilartohumanbeings

B.tookrootinfictioncharacters

C.firstappearedinspaceindustry

D.hassomedeviceattachedtothebody

39.Withthehelpofcyborgtechnology,.

A.eyesightcanberestored

B.thenerveinjurycanberepaired

C.lostabilitiescanbereplacedbyanewskill

D.hearinglosscanbepreventedbycochlearimplants

40.AmberCaseprobablythinksthat.

A.technologymakescyborgsbecomecommon

B.cyborgtechnologyiscrucialtomodernsociety

C.theuseofmobilesimprovescyborgtechnology

D.cyborgtechnologyhelpsimprovehumanmemory

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41.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardcyborgtechnology?

A.Critical.B.Skeptical.C.Optimistic.D.Objective.

3、（2020北京房山一模）

C

TheresearchfromtheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionshowsthatfoodallergies（過敏）in

childrenhaveincreasedabout50percent.Commonsymptomsofallergicresponsesincludeitchymouth,throat

tightening,anddifficultiesinbreathing.

Foodallergyisamedicalconditionofexposuretocertainfoods.Itoccurswhentheimmunesystemattacksthe

proteininfoodthatinnormalcasesisharmless.Accordingtoreports,morethan170foodscauseallergicreactions.

Themajorfoodallergensareineggs,milk,peanuts,wheat,soy,fish,treenuts,andcrustaceanshellfish.

Thereareseveralreasonsbehindtheriseinfoodallergies.Thefoodbeingproducedthesedaysishighinsugar,

unhealthyfats,geneticallymodifiesandsomefoodfarmshavepesticides（農(nóng)藥）andotherfoodhavebeeninjected

drugs.Allthiscanhaveanegativeimpactonourmicrobiome（微生物群）,whichisthebasisofgoodhealthand

immunity.

Inastudycomparingtwochildren,a15-year-oldwholivedinurbanItalyanda14-year-oldchildfromrural

Africa,itclearlyshowedasignificantdifferenceinthediversityofbacteriaintheirguts.Thereasonliesintheirdiet.

ThechildfromruralAfricahashisdietlowinfatandrichinplant-basedfoodswhicharegrownandharvested

locallybyvillagers.Incontrast,theItaliankid'sdietwasrichinanimalprotein,sugarthenlowinfiber.Ultimately,

themicrobiomeofthekidfromItalywaslessthanthatofthekidfromAfrica.Besides,theso-called'hygiene

hypothesis9suggeststhatdecreasedexposuretomicrobesinearlylifecanleadtoanincreasedchanceofallergiesin

laterlife,becauseofindividualsnothavingbuiltupimmunityatayoungage.

Yetanotherreasonfortheexplosioninallergiesmaybeenvironmentalchanges.Theenvironmenthasseenarise

intemperatureandisestimatedthatinthecomingdecadesthetemperaturecouldriseevenfurtherby10degrees.Asa

resultofthiswarmclimate,thegrowingseasonswillbelonger,increasingallergencountthusmakingallergieseven

worse.Accordingtoscientists,climatechangeisacontributingfactorthatneedsimmediateattention.

Dr.R.Sharon,researcherofAllergyandAsthmaResearchCentreatStanfordUniversity,believesthecauseof

allergieswillultimatelycomedowntoacombinationofmanyfactors.

Foodallergieshavenocurebutcanbemanagedbyavoidingfoodthatbringsthereactions.Scientistsare

studyingfoodallergiesmedicalmethodsforgeneraluse.Theyarealltryingtoactivelyunderstandacertainpartofthe

puzzlewhenitcomestoallergies.

38.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

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A.Scientistshavefoundaneffectivemethodtosolvefoodallergies.

B.Therecouldbemanyreasonsthatcombinetoleadtofoodallergies.

C.Environmentalchangesarethemostimportantreasonforfoodallergies.

D.Todecreasechildren'sallergies,weshouldmakethemeatlesseveryday.

39.Inparagraph4,thetwochildrenarementionedtoshowthat.

A.pesticideshavebadeffectsonpeople'sfood

B.aperson'sdailydietcanaffecthismicrobiome

C.foodallergieshavenocurebutcanbeavoided

D.climatechangeisanotherfactorforfoodallergies

40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.Toexplainthecausesoffoodallergies.

B.Tostresstheinfluencesoffoodallergies.

C.Tointroducethesolutionstofoodallergies.

D.Totellpeoplethesymptomsoffoodallergies.

41.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetothetreatmentoffoodallergies?

A.Indifferent.B.Positive.

C.Doubtful.D.Critical.

4、（2020北京豐臺一模）

C

Inindustryandmedicine,robotsroutinelybuild,breakdownandinspectthings;theyalsoassistinsurgeryand

pharmacies.Neithertheynor€6social^^robots—whicharedesignedtoengagewithpeopleandtoestablishanemotional

connection-behavelikeTheJetsons'maid,Rosie,orotherbelovedrobotsoffiction.Evenso,expectsocialrobotsto

becomemorecomplicatedandpopularinthenextfewyears.

Likemostrobots,socialrobotsuseartificialintelligence（AI）todecidehowtoactoninformationreceived

throughcamerasandothersensors.Theabilitytorespondinwaysthatseemlifelikehasbeeninformedbyresearch

intosuchissuesashowperceptions（認(rèn)知）form,whatconstitutessocialandemotionalintelligence,andhowpeople

understandothers'thoughtsandfeelings.AdvancesinAIhaveenableddesignerstotranslatesuchpsychologicaland

neuroscientific（神經(jīng)學(xué)的）insightsintoalgorithms（演算）thatallowrobotstorecognizevoices,facesandemotions;

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interpretspeechandgestures;respondappropriatelytocomplexverbalandnonverbalcues;makeeyecontact;speak

conversationally;andadapttopeople'sneedsbylearningfromfeedback,rewardsandcriticisms.

Inconsequence,socialrobotsarefillinganeverexpandingvarietyofroles.A47-inchhumanoidcalledPepper

(fromSoftBankRobotics),forinstance,recognizesfacesandbasichumanemotionsandengagesinconversationsvia

atouchscreeninits"chest."About15,000Peppersworldwideperformsuchservicesashotelcheck-ins,airport

customerservice,shoppingassistanceandfast-foodcheckout.Socialrobotshaveparticularappealforassistingthe

world'sgrowingelderlypopulation.Japan'sPAROTherapeutic(治療的)Robot,whichlookslikealovelyseal(海

豹),ismeanttostimulateandreducestressforthosewithAlzheimer'sdiseaseandotherpatients.Mabu(Catalia

Health)engagespatients,particularlytheelderly,remindingthemtotakewalksandmedication.Socialrobotsarealso

gainingpopularitywithconsumersastoys.Earlyattemptstoincotporatesocialbehaviorintoys,suchasHasbro's

BabyAliveandSony'sAIBOroboticdog,hadlimitedsuccess.Butbothareresurging,andthemostrecentversionof

AIBOhascomplicatedvoiceandgesturerecognition,canbetaughttricksanddevelopsnewbehaviorsbasedon

previousinteractions.

Worldwidesalesofconsumerrobotsreachedanestimated$5.6billionin2018,andthemarketisexpectedto

growto$19billionbytheendof2025.Thistrendmayseemsurprisinggiventhatmultiplewell-fundedconsumer

robotcompanies,suchasJiboandAnki,havefailed.Butawaveofrobotsislininguptotaketheplaceofdefunct

robots,includingBUDDY(BlueFrogRobotics),abig-eyedmobiledevicethatplaysgamesinadditiontoactingasa

personalassistantandprovidinghomeautomationandsecurity.

38.Paragraph2mainlytellsus.

A.whatthefeaturesofsocialrobotsare

B.whatpromotessocialrobots9engagementwithpeople

C.howalgorithmsarcimprovedtoadapttopeople'sneeds

D.howpsychologicalandneuroscientificinsightsaretranslated

39.AccordingtoParagraph3,socialrobots.

A.haveawiderangeofapplications

B.havetheabilitytodealwithemergencies

C.haveatendencytotaketheplaceofhumans

D.havesuccessfullygainedpsychologicalinsight

40.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Socialrobotsaredesignedaspersonalassistants.

B.Robotsinindustryandmedicineneedimprovement.

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C.Consumerrobotshavebeensuccessfulalltheseyears.

D.Socialrobotsarepopularduetogreatinteractiveabilities.

41.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Topredicttheprospectofsocialrobots.

B.Tointroducetheadvancesofsocialrobots.

C.ToreporttheapplicationofAIinsocialrobots.

D.Toshowtheinfluenceofsocialrobotsonourlife.

5、（2020北京適應(yīng)一模）

C

Agroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoshoulder,redeyes

lookingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.

Perhapsthey9renotsodifferent.

Anewstudy,ledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollective

behaviour,showsthatthevulturine

guineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsassumedsuchsocial

structuresrequiredalotofbrainpower.Butthepea-brainedguineafowlarerevealingthefaultsinthatassumption.

Theselargebirdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.They

mayfighteachothertomaintaintheirstricthierarchies（等級制度）,butatothertimestheyengageinfriendly

behaviourslikesharingfood.

Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyof

theirsociety.Forawholeyear,theymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsinuniquecombinations

letresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicestothebacksof58birds,whichlet

themseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.

Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatthevulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevelsociety.Therearegroups

withingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.This

isthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyinabird.

AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird'stinybrainsize:"Theydon'tonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativeto

mammals（哺孚L動物），theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,“hesaid.

Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.For

example,ifgroupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgroup

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it'slookingat-noneedforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadjust

theirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey9refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,it

mightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.

“Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain,"Dr.Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirds

andotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.

38.Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredDr.Farinetocarryoutthestudy?

A.TheguineafowPssocialbehaviour.

B.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.

C,Hisinterestinanimalbrainpower.

D?Thefaultsinearlierresearch.

39.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Theresearchsubjects.B.Theresearchmethods.

C.Theresearchfindings.D.Theresearchequipment.

40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetotheguineafowl.

B.Theguineafowlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.

C.Birdsmaintainsocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.

D?Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.

41.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Topresentthefindingsofastudyoftheguineafowl.

B.Toexplaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.

C.Tointroduceanewapproachtoobservingtheguineafowl.

D.Touncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformed.

6、（2020北京海淀一模）

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Thereiscertainlyevidencethatactorsexperienceablendingoftheirrealselfwiththeirassumedcharacters.For

instance,BenedictCumberbatchsaid,"MymumsaysI'mmuchmoreimpatientwithherwhenI'mfilmingSherlock.1'

MarkSeton,aresearcherattheUniversityofSydney,hasevencoinedtheterm"post-dramaticstressdisorder**to

describethelastingeffectsexperiencedbyactorswholosethemselvesinarole."Actorsmayoftenprolonghabitsof

thecharacterstheyhaveembodied/hewrites.

Arecentfindingdoesn'tinvolveacting,anditindicatesthatmerelyspendingsometimethinkingaboutanother

personseemedtoruboffothevolunteers1senseofself,ledbyMeghanMeyeratPrincetonUniversity.Across

severalstudies,theseresearchersaskedvolunteerstofirstratetheirownpersonalities,memoriesorphysicalattributes,

andthentoperformthesametaskfromtheperspectiveofanotherperson.Forinstance,theymightscorethe

emotionalityofvariouspersonalmemories,andthenratehowafriendorrelativewouldhaveexperiencedthosesame

events.

Aftertakingtheperspectiveofanother,thevolunteersscoredthemselvesonceagain:theconsistentfindingwas

thattheirself-knowledgewasnowchanged-theirself-scoreshadshiftedtobecomemoresimilartothosethey'dgiven

forsomeoneelse.Forinstance,iftheyhadinitiallysaidthetraitterm"confident"wasonlymoderatelyrelatedto

themselvesandthenratedthetermasbeingstronglyrelatedtoafriend'spersonality,whentheycametorescore

themselves,theynowtendedtoseethemselvesasmoreconfident.Remarkably,thismorphingoftheselfwithanother

wasstillapparentevenifa24-hourgapwasleftbetweentakingsomeoneelse*sperspectiveandre-ratingoneself.

“Bysimplythinkingaboutanotherperson,wemayadaptourselftotaketheshapeofthatperson,nsaidMeyer

andhercolleagues.Thatoursenseofselfshouldhavethisqualitymightbealittlediscouraging,especiallyforanyone

whohasstruggledtoestablishafirmsenseofidentity.Yetthereisanoptimisticmessagehere,too.Thechallengeof

improvingourselves-oratleastseeingourselvesinamorepositivelight-mightbealittleeasierthanwethought.By

roleplayingoractingoutthekindofpersonwewouldliketobecome,ormerelybythinkingaboutandspendingtime

withpeoplewhoembodythekindofattributeswewouldliketoseeinourselves,wecanfindthatoursenseofself

changesindesirableways.

"Aseachofuschooseswhotobefriend,whotomodel,andwhotoignore/writeMeyerandhercolleagues,nwe

mustmakethesedecisionsawareofhowtheyshapenotonlythefabricofoursocialnetworks,butevenoursenseof

whoweare."

38.Thefirsttwoparagraphsmainly.

A.statethatactingrequiresskills

B.explainthestressthatanactorfaces

C.showthataroleleavesamarkontheactor

D.stresstheimportanceofdevotingoneselftoarole

39.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"ruboffon"inParagraph3probablymean?

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A.Influence.B.Strengthen.C.Confuse.D.Determine.

40.Accordingtothestudy,takingtheperspectiveofanotherperson.

A.bringschangestoone'sself-knowledge

B.motivatesonetobetterunderstandhimself

C.helpspeopledealwiththeiridentityproblems

D.producestemporaryeffectsonone'scharacter

41.Whatisthesignificanceofthestudy?

A.Itoffersinstructionsonmakingfriends.

B.Itproposesameanstoimproveourselves.

C.Itgivesadviceonadjustingone'semotions.

D.Itpresentsawaytodealwithstressdisorder.

7、（2020北京門頭溝一模）

C

Newstudyshowsrapiddeclineininsectpopulations.AgrowingnumberoftheEarth'sinsectpopulationnow

canbeseenonlyincollectionsonexhibitions.Nobody*sseenthosefor400years.Anewreviewofover70studiesof

insectpopulationssuggeststhathumanpressuresarecausinginsectpopulationstoplummetbyasmuchasaquarter

everydecade.Thelossofspeciesisinevitablyconcerningbecauseoftenwedon'tknowwhatthosespeciesaredoing

orwedon'tknowwhatotherspeciesaredependingonthem.

Insectsmakeupthelargestclassofanimalsonearthandrepresentmorethanhalfofallknownlivingcreatures.

Theyareincrediblydiverse,andinmanywaysmakelifeonEarthpossible.Butwhenwedecreasethenumberof

species,we'redestroyingecosystemfunction.Whydoesthatmatter?Itisbecausethatit'secosystemsthatsupport

humans.Butthoselife-supportsystemsthatkeepusalive,evenifweliveinacity,areproducedbyhealthy

ecosystems.Andnoneoftheseecosystemswillrunwellwithoutinsects.Beesandbutterfliespollinate^授粉）our

food,flowersandtrees.Theyfeedallkindsoflargeranimals,includinghumans.Alargenumberofcropsweeatand

relyonarcpollinatedbyinsects,sowecan'timagineaworldwherethatpollinationprocessisnottakingplace.

Andtherearesomecasesalreadyaroundtheworldwherewearehavingtopollinatebyhand,athugecost,a

hugeeconomiccost,simplybecausetheinsectsaren'ttheretodotheworkthatwewouldnormallyaskthemtodo

forfree.Andinsomecases,ifyou9retalkingaboutfoodcrops,justtrytoimaginethescaleofwhattheworldwould

looklikeifinsectsweren'tdoingthatforus.Onebigwarning,allofthestudiescomefromindustrializedcountriesin

EuropeandNorthAmerica.Insomeareas,thedeclineisevenmorerapid.Accordingtoonerecentstudy,thenumber

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ofgroundinsectsinPuertoRicohasfallenby98%overthelast35years.Agrowingbodyofresearch

insectsaredecliningabouttwiceasfastasvertebrates.

Theresearcherspredictthatallinsectspeciescouldbegoneinacenturyintheseindustrialize1

38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummet”inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Reduce.B.Increase.C.Disappear.D.Raise.

39.WecanlearnfromParagraph2and3that.

A.wecanmakeabigprofitbypollinatingbyhand

B.insectshavenoimpactonindustrialdevelopment

C.pollinatingbyhandcanreplacepollinatingbyinsects

D.insectsaccountforthelargestcompositionintheentireanimalkingdom

40.What'stheauthorsattitudetowardsthephenomenonmentionedinthenews?

A.Unclear.B.Concerned.C.Suspicious.D.Critical.

41.Theauthorhelpsreadersbetterunderstandhisideamainlyby.

A.usingresearchresultsB.makingcomparisons

C.givingsomeexamplesD.tellingpersonalstories

8、（2020北京密云一模）

C

AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstrobotic

mechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techsystems.Designedtodowhatafly

thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperfon

tasks.

"It'sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesunofaI

components元件）,“saidRobertWood,