Unit8知識(shí)點(diǎn)綜合練習(xí)牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)

8BUnit8Agreenworld學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化1.seriousadj.___________adv.嚴(yán)峻地；嚴(yán)峻?地_________n.嚴(yán)峻性2.wiseadj._____(n.)才智3.separatevt.＆vt._________n.別離4.punishvt.______adj.嚴(yán)峻的，打擊沉重的____n.處分5producevt.________n.生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生__________adj.多產(chǎn)的6.differencen.__________adj.差異的，不同的7.pollutev.8.harmvt._______n.利益，好處9.livingadj________vt.&vi.生活____adj.活潑的，生勸的二、短語(yǔ)歸納1.關(guān)上〔開關(guān)〕_________________________ 2.愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境__________________________3.被分成不同的小組____________________ 4.砍倒_____________________________5.扔垃圾______________________________ 6.依靠，依靠_________________________7.有影響，起作用______________________ 8.某人盡力做某事_____________________9.在正確位置________________________10.結(jié)果_____________________________11.查找信息_________________________一、1.seriously;seriousness2.unwise;wisely;wisdom3.separated;separation4.punished;punishing;duct;production;productive6.different7.polluted.pollution8harmful;beneficial;benefit9live;alive;lively二、1.tecttheenvironment3.beseparatedintodifferentgroups4.cutdown5.droplitter6.dependon/upon7.makeadifference8.tryone'sbesttodosth.9.keepinplace10.asaresult11.lookforinformation詞組和短句今年會(huì)種更多樹嗎？Willmoretreesbeplantedthisyear?喜愛(ài)在花園松土likedigginginthegardendigdugdug你是仔細(xì)的嗎？Areyouserious?沒(méi)有什么嚴(yán)峻的事情nothingserious騎自行車來(lái)削減空氣污染reduceairpollutionbyridingbicycles削減洗淋浴的時(shí)間來(lái)節(jié)省水savewaterbytakingshortershowers關(guān)電源／燈／水龍頭tumoffthepower/lights/tap回收廢棄物／空瓶來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境protecttheenvironmentbyrecyclingwaste/emptybottles過(guò)綠色〔環(huán)?！成頻iveagreenlife導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)峻的空氣污染causeseriousairpollution導(dǎo)致/造成某人做某事causesbtodosth......的緣由thecauseof...開車送某人上學(xué)drivesb.toschool對(duì)于人們來(lái)說(shuō)選擇公共交通工具是明智的。It'swisefor/ofpeopletochoosepublictransport.合理地使用/愛(ài)護(hù)它 use/protectitwisely盡力讓它始終保持這樣/那樣 trytokeepitthis/thatway將某物分類/組o(different)groups(Sth.)beseparatedinto(different)groups.允許做allowdoingsth.允許某人做allowsb.todo=beallowedtodosth.了解到一個(gè)回收衣服的組織 learnaboutanorganizationforrecyclingclothes一些衣服在慈善商店出售，一些送給窮人，另一些送往工廠回收。Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.由于在公共場(chǎng)所亂扔垃圾而被警察罰款Befinedfordroppinglitterinapublicplacebythepolice由于〔做某〕事而被懲處 bepunishedfor(doing)sth.有很多法律來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)自然／環(huán)境have/therebemanylawstoprotectnature/theenvironment限制空氣和說(shuō)污染 limitairandwaterpollution自然是我們最大的寶藏 Natureisourgreatesttreasure.依靠豐富的資源生活 dependonrichresourcestolive某物用光，耗盡 (sth.)runout某人用完某物(sb.)runoutofsth.幾乎不產(chǎn)生污染producelittlepollution新型能源 newtypesofenergy本錢低廉 costverylittle有影響,起作用,做點(diǎn)有意義的事 makeadifference(tosb./sth.)有些／有很多／沒(méi)有/幾乎沒(méi)有makesome/much/no/littledifferencetosb./sth.〔對(duì)......〕有巨大影響 makeagreat/bigdifferencetosb./sth.differentadj.不同的與…不同bedifferentfrom;與...相同bethesameas......;與...相像besimilarto......他們?cè)趺刺幚砼f衣服? Howdotheydealwiththeoldclothes?=Whatdotheydowiththeoldclothes?在這次環(huán)境秀上將會(huì)陳設(shè)什么？Whatwillbedisplayedattheenvironmentshow?布滿污染befullof/befilledwithpollution人和動(dòng)物都受污染之害aswellaspeople,animalsareharmedbypollution.對(duì)我們健康有害beharmfultoourhealth=doharmtoourhealth假如不把空氣徹底清理潔凈，更多的人會(huì)受到損害Morepeoplewillbehurtiftheairisn’tcleanedup.假如我們行動(dòng)起來(lái)改善環(huán)境的話、更多的生物就會(huì)由于污染而死亡Ifwedon’tacttoimprovetheenvironment,morelivingthingswillbekilledbypollution.做一次關(guān)于同學(xué)日常習(xí)慣的調(diào)查doasurveyonstudents’dailyhabits使用紙的兩面usebothsidesofthepaper四周有更多的樹看上去會(huì)更加漂亮looknicerwithmoretreesaround防止水土流失keepsoilinplace在正確位置inplace不整齊outofplace發(fā)生；進(jìn)行takeplace 對(duì)于工廠來(lái)說(shuō)有更大的用處haveawiderusefactories需要上萬(wàn)年甚至幾百萬(wàn)年才會(huì)形成beformedoverthousandsormillionsofyears盡力少制造垃圾并重復(fù)或循環(huán)利用東西trytoproducelesswater,reuseorrecyclethings從地下挖出煤digupcoalfromtheground實(shí)行適宜的措施清理污染 takeproperactionstocleanuppollution做一次關(guān)于如何環(huán)保的報(bào)告giveatalkonhowtogogreen行動(dòng)起來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境 gogreen變得更糟糕 changefortheworse實(shí)行一些簡(jiǎn)潔的措施〔做某事〕 takesomesimplestepstodosth.假如可能／需要的話重復(fù)利用水 reusewaterifpossible/necessary正在使用/不再使用 be(not)inuse培育一種綠色〔環(huán)?！车纳罘绞?developagreenlifestyle做錯(cuò)事dosth.wrong學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)詳解考察wisely的用法，副詞的考察很常見(jiàn)，比方8A中常?？糴asily考察單詞，environment、pollution、recycle和develop，當(dāng)前的社會(huì)環(huán)境下，環(huán)境污染、愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境、回收廢物和開展是人們當(dāng)前關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，考察separatesthintodifferentgroups，題目要求被動(dòng)形式。考察allowsbtodosth的用法，題目要求為被動(dòng)形式。考察dependon的用法，這個(gè)詞組特別重要，不管是什么東西，都是要依靠其他東西而存在，因此要多加背誦相關(guān)例句?？疾靘akeadifference的用法。U7中講到了makeupone’smind打算。本單元U8講到了makeadifferencetosb/sth，對(duì)…有影響?？梢?jiàn)make的詞組應(yīng)用比擬敏捷，且易成為考點(diǎn)。因此，我們要加強(qiáng)對(duì)其用法的把握，多在語(yǔ)境下使用它，多在練習(xí)中訓(xùn)練它考察一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，中考特殊喜愛(ài)考，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)都比擬簡(jiǎn)潔，沒(méi)有對(duì)雙賓語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行考察，另外一點(diǎn)，對(duì)于主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的狀況也沒(méi)有考察?？疾靑fpossible的用法。Weletotheunit1.Treesaregoodforus．樹對(duì)我們有益。begoodfor“對(duì)……有益〞；begoodat“擅長(zhǎng)〞。對(duì)某人好begoodtosb=befriendlytosb;【詞組】beweakin在某方面薄弱/不擅長(zhǎng)dowellin=begoodat擅長(zhǎng)doharmto=beharmfulto多某某有害2.Areyouserious?nothingserious沒(méi)有什么嚴(yán)峻的事情

a

serious

illness

一個(gè)嚴(yán)峻的病be

serious

about

sth.=

take

sth

seriously

嚴(yán)峻?對(duì)待

Weshould_________________________theproblem.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細(xì)對(duì)待這個(gè)問(wèn)題。3.Wecanreduceairpollutionbyridingbicycle.=Wecanridebicyclestoreduceairpollution.我們可以通過(guò)騎自行車削減空氣污染.反義詞:increase.搭配reduceto〞削減到〞r(shí)educeby〞削減了〞.e.g.Asaresult,costswillbereducedbyasmuchas90℅.bydoingsth.“通過(guò)做某事〞。4.Wecansaveenergybyturningoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.turnon/off+thelight/theputer/TV/theradio翻開/關(guān)閉……〔水、電、氣〕開\關(guān)open/close〔門、窗〕開\關(guān)turnup調(diào)高；turndown調(diào)低;拒絕turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身【例句】WouldyouturnofftheTVifnooneiswatchingit?Thelight’sabittooharsh,youcanturnitoff.5.Moreandmorefamiliesowncarsandthiscausesseriousairpollution.越來(lái)越多的家庭擁有轎車，這引起了嚴(yán)峻的空氣污染?！霸絹?lái)越少〞：fewerandfewer+可數(shù)名詞，lessandless+不行數(shù)名詞?！緩?fù)習(xí)】“越來(lái)越……〞，用“比擬級(jí)＋and＋比擬級(jí)〞的句型。“越……，就越……〞，用“the＋比擬級(jí)，the＋比擬級(jí)〞的句型。典型例題典型例題你越仔細(xì)，你就會(huì)犯越少的錯(cuò)誤你經(jīng)受的越多，你就能得到越多的見(jiàn)識(shí)。own的用法解析ownv.有，擁有，占有ownern.物主，全部人，ownpron.某人自己的〔東西〕?！径陶Z(yǔ)】某人自己的ofone'sown常用作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞單獨(dú)，onone'sown=alone或byoneself常用作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)cause后接雙賓語(yǔ),causesbsth=causesthtosb.e.g.Hecausedhisparentsmuchtrouble.=Hecausedmuchtroubletohisparents.Itcausedhimmuchanxiety.=Itcausedmuchanxietytohim.causevt.導(dǎo)致=leadto；造成causen.緣由，起因辨析：“……的緣由〞cause&reason任務(wù)型?？糲ause“緣由，起因〞，是造成一種現(xiàn)實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的緣由；thecauseofsth.是不行數(shù)名詞。reason“緣由，起因〞，是說(shuō)明一種看法或行為的理由。thereasonforsth.，reason之后可以接why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，cause不行以。在reason和cause中選擇正確的詞語(yǔ)填空①Tellmethe_____________foryourabsence.②Thatisthe____________whyhewaslate.③Carelessnessisoftenthe_____________offire.1.①reason②reason③cause6.It’swiseforpeopletochoosepublictransportorridebicycles.

對(duì)人們來(lái)說(shuō)選擇公共交通工具或騎自行車出行是明智的。wiseadj.n:wisdom.adv:wisely.固定搭配usenaturalresourceswisely，spendmoneywiselye.g.Shehastheairofawisewomen.Youareawiseoldman,pleasetellmewhattodo.【育英二外201學(xué)年】1.Whydon’tyouspendyourtimeandmoneymore_______(明智地)？.wisely【玄武區(qū)2017學(xué)年】2.Ifwewanttomakeabetterworld,itisimportantforustousenaturalresources______(wise)wisely7.Wecanprotecttheenvironmentbyrecyclingwaste我們可以通過(guò)回收廢物愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境.environmentn.環(huán)境environment搭配：pollutetheenvironment,maketheenvironmentworse,protecttheenvironment。recyclev.回收搭配:recyclethewaste，recycleandreuse?！厩鼗匆恢?017年度】3.The____(環(huán)境)hasbeeworseovertheyears.Itisourdutytoprotectit.environment【玄武區(qū)2017學(xué)年】一些衣服在慈善店出售，一些送給窮人，還有一些送到工廠循環(huán)再生。答案：aresenttofactoriesforrecycling.Someclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothers_______________.Reading1.InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和紙被分成不同的小組，然后回收利用。separatev.分開,隔開.[來(lái)源:Z#xx#k.]separatefrom是指把…和…別離e.g.Nothingcanseparatethemfromeachothernow.separateinto指把…分成不同局部.e.g.Weareseparatedintofourgroups.典型例題典型例題Thewaste_______(separate)intodifferentgroupsbeforebeingthrownintothebin【試驗(yàn)國(guó)際】在中國(guó)，像玻璃，塑料的東西被分為不同的種類然后回收利用。InChina,thingslikeglassandplastic___________differentgroupsandthenrecycled.areseparatedinto2.Evenoldclothesandshoescanberecycled．即使舊衣服和舊鞋子也能被回收。evenadv.“即使，縱然；再者，加之；此外，而且；〔表示進(jìn)一層的意思〕甚至〔……也〕，連〞。首字母考過(guò)幾次【例句】Evenheisold，heworkshard.即使他老了，他仍努力工作。even與much和far一樣，其后接形容詞副詞的比擬級(jí)3.Wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.我們是不允許砍伐樹木的。(1)allowdoingsth允許做某事Youdon’tallowcuttingdowntrees(cutthemdown)(2)allowsbtodosth允許某人做某事e.g.豬八戒被禁止吃肉。Pigsyisnotallowedtoeatmeat.(3)allowsbsth賜予某人某物(尤指錢或時(shí)間);讓某人有(擁有或帶有)某物.Iwillallowyou10℅offthepriceifyoupaynow.辨析:allow,let,promiseallow“允許，許可〞Myparentsdon’tallowmetogooutatnight.let“允許，讓〞Thesecretaryletmeintothemise“容許，承諾〞Theypromisedthattheworkwouldbefinishedbynextweek.相約中考:Peoplearen’t___________(允許)toeatfoodontheundergroundinNanjing.allowedcutdown意為“削減；砍倒；殺死；刪減〞。賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)須放在cut與down之間。cutinonsb.插嘴，打斷別人cutout剪出，戒掉cutshort縮短4.punishv.n.punishment短語(yǔ):punishsbfor(doing)sth由于(做)某事懲處某人.punishsbwith/bysth以...來(lái)懲處某人e.g.Theirteacherpunishedthemfortheirrudeness.Ihaveamindtopunishyouforstealingcookies.5.Ifwedroplitterinapublicplace,wewillbefinedbythepolice.假如在公共場(chǎng)合扔垃圾，我們將受到警方的懲處。finev.“懲處〞?！纠洹縄tissaidthathewillbefinedbythepolice.據(jù)說(shuō)他將受警方罰款。典型例題典型例題那男孩因盜竊受到警方的懲處。______________________________________________________________________.6.Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.我們依靠它富足的資源來(lái)生存，因此我們明智地愛(ài)護(hù)它是很重要的。dependon/upon依靠，取決于；不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，無(wú)被動(dòng)“依靠，依靠〞。adj.依靠的dependent;依靠......bedependenton=dependon【例句】Yourfuturedependsonhowhardyouwork.典型例題典型例題我們不能太依靠父母。Itdepends.依狀況而定，看狀況。【常用于單項(xiàng)選擇情景題】7.Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrunout.這些新類型的能源本錢很小，永久不會(huì)耗盡?！舅拇蠼鸹ā縯ake，spend，cost和pay(1)spend的主語(yǔ)必需是人①sb.spendtime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsth(2)cost的主語(yǔ)是物或某種活動(dòng)，還可以表示“值〞①sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢某物花了〔某人〕多少錢②(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋時(shí)間某物〔做某事〕花了〔某人〕多少時(shí)間Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。(3)take后面常跟雙賓語(yǔ)①Ittakessb.＋時(shí)間＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間②doingsth.takessb.＋時(shí)間做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修車。(4)①pay...forsth.付錢runout≈runoutof“用完〞,但用法不同。runout不及物短語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).(時(shí)間、金錢、食物等)sthrunout/beusedup〔人〕把東西用完〔或花光〕〞sb.+runoutof/useup+sthrunafter追逐；runacross偶然遇見(jiàn)；runaway逃跑producev.duction.e.g.Hardworkproducessuccess.Rememberthateveryonecandosomethingtomakeadifference！記住每個(gè)人都可以做點(diǎn)〔對(duì)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境〕有益的事！differencen.adj.differentmakea/no/some/muchdifferenceto…“對(duì)…...有/沒(méi)有/有些/有很大作用、關(guān)系、影響〞。tellthedifferencee.g.Itwon’tmakeadifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.Wecanmakeadifferenceifweworkhardforalongtime.10.Ifwedon'tacttoimprovetheenvironment,morelivingthingswillbekilledbypollution.假如我們不做出行動(dòng)來(lái)提高環(huán)境質(zhì)量，那么更多的生物將死于環(huán)境污染。辨析：live，lively，alive，livinglive“活的，有生命的；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的〞可用作定語(yǔ)，放在表示物的名詞之前，一般不指人。lively“活潑的，活潑的，布滿生氣的〞用作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，既可指人，也可指物。alive“活著的，有生氣的〞一般作表語(yǔ);活著be/stayaliveliving“活的；在實(shí)施的；現(xiàn)存的〞。living可數(shù)名詞，“生活，生計(jì)〞。主要用作定語(yǔ)，常置于所修飾的名詞之前，theliving“活著的人〞。makealiving謀生她不知道他是死是活。Shedoesn'tknowifheisaliveordead.①這個(gè)老人過(guò)著舒適的生活。Thisoldman________________infort.②誰(shuí)是當(dāng)今活著的最宏大的人物?________________________________③()Wewillgiveyou_________reportsoftheWorldCup.A.liveB.aliveC.livingD.lively④()All__________thingscannotlivewithoutairorwater.A.liveB.livingC.livelyD.alive①isliving.②Whoisthegreatestmanalive?Grammar被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.根本構(gòu)成will/begoingto+be+Ved2.在時(shí)間,條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,主將從現(xiàn)e.g.Whenthedamispleted,theYangtzeRiverwillbecontrolled.IfIamgivenenoughtime,IwillgotoJapanformyholiday.【育英二外】11.“Burningice〞wasfoundinthe20thcenturyand____insteadofcoal,oilandgasinthenearfuture.A.usedB.isusedC.wasusedD.willbeused【玄武區(qū)】12.Goodnews!ItissaidthatNo.5subway(地鐵)_______(finish)buildingin2021.【試驗(yàn)國(guó)際】13.Willyouletmeplaybasketballforhalfanhourifmyhomework_____,Dad?Ofcourse,youcan.A.isfinishedB.finishesC.finishedD.willbefinished1.Aswellaspeople，animalswillbeharmedbypollution.和人一樣，動(dòng)物也將被污染損害。(1)aswell的用法：aswell狀語(yǔ)，“又；也〞=too/also，常位于句末。IamgoingtoLondonandmysisterisgoingaswell.我要到倫敦去．我妹妹也要去。(2)aswellas的用法①aswellas常用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，表示“也，還〞。就遠(yuǎn)原那么Yourwifeaswellasyouisfriendlytome.=Notonlyyoubutalsoyourwifeisfriendlytome.不僅你而且你的妻子也對(duì)我很友好。②aswellas用來(lái)表示同級(jí)比擬，指“一樣好〞。如：Youlookaswellasyoudidtenyearsago.你的身體看起來(lái)還和十年前一樣好?！玖粢狻?1)假如aswellas是連接兩個(gè)不定式，那么其后用不帶to的不定式。(2)當(dāng)aswellas用于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要接動(dòng)名詞。Aswellaswalking,helikesfishingandshooting.他除漫步?????之外還喜愛(ài)釣魚和打獵。典型例題典型例題()1.Theyplayallkindsofinstrumentsandsing_______.A.also B.either C.aswell D.aswellas,_______JaneandRose,_______goingtothefarmonfoot.A.aslongas;is B.aswellas;areC.aslongas;are D.aswellas;is2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考點(diǎn)&難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1：感官動(dòng)詞和sell等動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)。例：Goodmedicine_______bittertothemouth.A.tastesB.istastedC.tasteThispen_______well.A.issoldB.sellC.sells考點(diǎn)2：happen,takeplace,breakout,breakdown,etrue,eout,runout等動(dòng)詞不使用被動(dòng)。例：WWI________in1914.A.wasbrokenoutB.hasbrokenoutC.brokeoutD.hasbeenbrokenout考點(diǎn)3：主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式see/hearsb.dosth.beseen/heardtodosth.see/hearsb.doingsth.beseen/hearddoingsth.makesb.dosth.bemadetodosth.例：Theman________cleanthetoiletbecausehe_________rubbishoutwhenthepolicewalkedpastthepark.wasmade;wasseentothrowB.wasmadeto;wasseenthrowingC.made;saw考點(diǎn)4：固定短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例：Childrenshould_________.A.takegoodcareofB.betakengoodcareC.betakengoodcareof考點(diǎn)5：need,allow可以用ing形式表示被動(dòng)，needtobedone=needdoing，beallowedtodo=allowdoing。例：Yourdesk___________.A.needsrepairB.needsrepairingC.needstorepairIntegratedskills1.surveyn.doasurveyon.做一個(gè)關(guān)于…的調(diào)查e.g.Theresultsofthesurveymadefascinatingreading.Hereisasurveyonstudents’activities.2.Weshouldtrytoproducelesswaste,reuseorrecyclethingsifpossible.假如可能的話，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量少鋪張、重新使用或回收東西。ifpossible=ifitispossible≠ifispossible假如需要的話ifnecessary同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Takeyourdictionarytoschoolifpossible.Takeyourdictionarytoschoolif_____________________.3.Airpollutionisharmfultoourhealth.空氣污染對(duì)我們的健康有害。beharmfulto=對(duì)……有害=doharmto?！纠洹縎tayinguptoolateisharmfultoyourhealth.=Stayinguptoolatedoesharmtoyourhealth.熬夜對(duì)你的健康有害。4.inplace在正確的位置發(fā)生；進(jìn)行takeplace 代替，取代taketheplaceof=takeone’splace=inplaceof不整齊outofplacee.g.Therearenopoliciesinplacetoachievethis.Studyskills＆Task1.Coal,oilandnaturalgasarenotonlyusefulforfamilies,buthaveawideruseforfactories.煤、原油和自然?氣不僅對(duì)家庭有用，而且在工廠的使用更為廣泛。(1)notonly…but(also)…就近原那么(2)notonly放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，該句要采納倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefondofwatchingtelevision.wideadj寬的,寬敞的；廣泛的愛(ài)好wideinterestsadv.充分地，完全地；大大地張開wideopenwidelyadv.普遍地,廣泛地;廣受欣賞bewidelyadmired被公認(rèn)為bewidelyregardedas2.formv.forminto使成為…,使組成…養(yǎng)成.......的習(xí)慣formthehabitof以......樣的形式intheformof e.g.Acloudofsmokeformedovertheburningfactory.Thevolunteersformedthemselvesintothreegroups.3.reuse作動(dòng)詞,其詞根為use使用e.g.Pleasereuseyourenvelopes.It’simportantforustoreusepaper.加前綴re構(gòu)成的單詞returnreappearrebirthrebuildrecallremindrecountrecoverredoreformreliveremakeadj.=easy,adv.simply反義詞為hard/difficult.e.g.Ialwaysthinkofthesimplepleasuresofchildhood.5.“祈使句+and+一般將來(lái)時(shí)/含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的陳述句〞假如你…你就會(huì)…〞,=if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句.e.g.Studyhard,andyouwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,you’llsucceed.etotheparty,andyoucanenjoyyourselves.6.Inordertosavepower,weshouldturnoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.為了節(jié)省能源，當(dāng)我們離開房間時(shí)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)掉燈。inorderto=soasto為的是，為了引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)。soasto不能用于句子的開頭，在句子開頭只能用inorderto。【例句】Inordertoseehisfather,hewalkedalongway.=Hewalkedalongwayinordertoseehisfather.=Hewalkedalongwaytoseehisfather.=Hewalkedalongwaysoastoseehisfather.為了見(jiàn)到他的父親，他走了很長(zhǎng)一段路?！玖粢狻縤norderto=inorderthat從句；soasto=sothat從句inorderthat可以在句首，sothat和soasto不能在句首。同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Hegotupearlierinordertogettoworkontime.=Hegotupearlier_____________________hecouldgettoworkontime.=Hegotupearlier_____________________gettoworkontime.=Hegotupearlier_____________________hecouldgettoworkontime.=_____________________workontime,hegotupearlier.7.Instead,weshouldtakeourownbagswhenshopping相反，購(gòu)物時(shí)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)帶我們自己的袋子。(1)instead“代替，替代〞，作副詞，常位于句尾。(2)insteadof是介賓短語(yǔ)，+名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing。(3)instead與insteadof的轉(zhuǎn)換。Hedidn'tanswerme,instead,heaskedmeanotherquestion.=Heaskedmeanotherquestioninsteadofansweringme.他沒(méi)有答復(fù)我，反而問(wèn)了我另外一個(gè)問(wèn)題。8.Herearesomesimplestepstotake.takesomesteps實(shí)行一些措施Weshouldtakesomesimplestepstoplanttrees.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行一些簡(jiǎn)潔的措施來(lái)植樹。stepbystep一步一步地Weshouldlearnthingsstepbystep.補(bǔ)充：通往〔做某事〕的第一步是做某事。 Thefirststeptowards(doing)sth.istodosth.遵循這些小步驟 followthesesmallsteps實(shí)行措施做某事takestepstodosth.=takeactiontodo踩某人的腳steponone’sfoot綜合練習(xí)詞匯運(yùn)用(A)依據(jù)句意和漢語(yǔ)注釋，寫出單詞的正確形式。1.Followthese______________(步驟),andthenyouwillmakeabeautifulpaperbird.2.Airpollutionhas______________(導(dǎo)致)alotofproblemsalready.3.Haveyou______________(挖)inthegarden?Yes.ButIcan’tfindthetreasure.4.Mr.Greenlooks___________today.Look,heislooking___________athisstudents.(嚴(yán)峻?)5.Ourschoolwilldosome___________________(調(diào)查)onreadingnovels.6.Thepolicemantriedto_______________(分開)thetwomenwhowerefighting.7.Wecan’tgotoschoolwithan_____________(空的)stomachinthemorning.8.Naturalresourceslikecoal,oilwill_______________(形成)overthousandsorevenmillionsofyears.9.Thenewfactoryneedsalotof_________________(煤)andnaturalgaseveryday.10.Iheartherewillbealotofnewtypesofcarson(展出)attheshownextweek.11.MrWutoldusmany_____________(差異)betweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.12.Someoldclothesandshoescanbe_______________(回收利用).13.Thebottleismadeof_____________(塑料),soyou’dbetternotfillitwithhotwater.14.TheInternetmakesthe_____________(集中)oftheinformationbeequickerandquicker.15.Thereismuch______________(灰塵)ontheteacher’sdesk.Pleasecleanitup,Tom.16.Theaccidentcouldhavebeenmuchworse.Luckily,no_______________(損害)wasdone.17.Mr.Smithoften________________(懲處)hissonTomwhenhedoessomethingwrong.18.Whatcanwedoto______________(削減)waterpollution?19.Doyourparents______________(允許)youtoehomelateafterschool?20.Youshouldusethe(資源)wiselybecausetheyaren’tendless.21.The_______________(食用油)isrunningout.Gotothesupermarkettobuysome.22.“Idon’tmind,〞hesaid________________(滿不在乎地).(B)依據(jù)句意或首字母，寫出括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式。1.Air___________(pollute)willbeaseriousprobleminthefuture.2.WatchingtoomuchTVis_________(harm)tooureyes,whileexercisingis_______(harm)toourhealth.3.Tomoftenleavesthehomeworkathome____________(care).4.LilyreadsalotandIthinksheisthe________________(wise)girlinourclass.5.Thescreenwilld_____________theusernameinthetoprighthandcorner.6.Thedrugp____________(causearesult)afeelingofexcitement.7.Youshouldspendasmuchtimeasyoucan__________(practice)yourEnglish.8.Doyouknowhowmany_____________(live)languagesarethereintheworld?Sorry,I'mnotsure.9.Thebookexplainsgrammar________________(simple)andclearly.10.Don’tdroplitter_______________(care),oryouwillbe______________(fine).完成句子1.我們的環(huán)境正變得越來(lái)越糟糕，所以該是我們行動(dòng)起來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境的時(shí)候了！Ourenvironmentis_____________________________,soit’s__________________________.2.下周舉辦慈善演出干什么？What_____________________________________________________________nextweek?3.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行以上措施以便環(huán)境不再被污染。We______________________________________________________________________.4.你在這個(gè)時(shí)候放棄學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)是不明智的。Itis_____________________to_______________________Englishatthismoment.5.空氣污染有害健康，所以我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡最大努力保持空氣潔凈。Airpollution____________________ourhealth,soweshould_________________tokeeptheairclean.6.大自然是我們最大的財(cái)寶，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)理智地愛(ài)護(hù)它。Natureisour_____________________andweshould__________________________.7.喝酒對(duì)他的健康產(chǎn)生了很大的危害，所以他下定決心戒了。Drinking_________________________________sohe______________________________.8.在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和紙張之類的東西被分成不同的組，然后回收。InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,_________________andpaper_________________________________________________different____________andthen________________.9.我們不允許砍樹，否那么將要被懲處。Wearen’t__________________________trees.__________we’ll_______________________.10.這些新型能源幾乎不花費(fèi)用并且從不會(huì)耗盡。此外，他們幾乎不產(chǎn)生污染。Thesenewtypesofenergy______________________________andwillnever_______________________________,,they___________________________________.11.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)將廢棄物分成不同的群以便于它能被循環(huán)利用。Weshould______________________________________________________itcanberecycled.12.樹能削減灰塵并關(guān)心保持空氣潔凈。Treescanandhelp.13.越來(lái)越多的家庭擁有小汽車，這導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)峻的大氣污染并引起交通堵塞。Moreandmorefamilies________________andthis_______________andbringsmuchtraffic.14.大自然是我們最大的寶藏。我們依靠它豐富的資源生存。_________isourgreatest________.We_______________its__________________________.15.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)做些事情來(lái)使地球產(chǎn)生不同。Weshoulddosomethingto______________________________________________theearth.16．這些衣服將被送到工廠循環(huán)利用嗎？_____________________________________________________________________________17．假如我們馬上行動(dòng)起來(lái)，將會(huì)產(chǎn)生更少的污染。_____________________________________________________________________________18．我們將被演示如何再使用廢品。_____________________________________________________________________________〔A〕 〔B〕 完成句子1.gettingworseandworse,;timeforustotakeactiontoprotectit2.What'swillbedoneforthecharityshownextweek?3.Weshouldtaketheabovestepssothattheenvironmentwillnotbepollutedanymore.4.ItisnotwiseofyoutogiveuplearningEnglishatthismoment.5.Airpollutionisharmfultoourhealth,soweshoulddoourbesttokeeptheairclean.6.Natureisourgreatesttreasureandweshouldprotectitwisely.7.Drinkingdidgreatharmtohishealth,sohemadeuphismindtogiveitup.8.plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled9.allowedtocutdowntrees,otherwisewewillbepunished10.costalmostnothing;runout.Moreover,theyproducealmostnopollution11.Weshouldseparatethewasteintodifferentgroupssothatitcanberecycled.12.Treescanreducedustandhelpkeeptheairclean.13.Moreandmorefamiliesowncars;leadsto/producesseriousairpollution14.Natureisourgreatesttreasure.Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive.15.Weshoulddosomethingtomakeadifferencetotheearth.16.Willtheseclothesbesenttofactoriesforrecycling?17.Lesspollutionwillbeproducedifwetakeactionrightnow.18.Wewillbeshownhowtoreusewaste.單項(xiàng)選擇1..AyurvedaGrouphasfoundawaytothewasteanddoesn’tputitintotheriveranymore.

2.Takesomeaction,andyoucan______________theEarth.A.doabigdifferenceon B.makeabigdifferenceonC.doabigdifferenceto D.makeabigdifferenceto3.Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?No,you_______.You____________toleaveuntilthebellrings.needn't;aren'tallowed B.mustn't;areallowedC.needn't;areallowed D.can't;aren'tallowed4.Severalpeoplelosttheirlivesinthecaraccident,_____________twoboys.A.include B.includes C.included D.including5.Chinaisacountrywithresources.That’strue.ButChinaisalsoacountrywiththelargestnumberofpeople.A.rich B.poor C.high D.low6.Tohaveabluersky,citiesshoulddependless_________coal.Theyshouldusemorenewenergyinsteadofcoalandoil. B.with C.off D.against7.Whyaremoreandmorecountriesstartingtousenewtypesofenergy?Becausetheycost_________andaregoodfortheenvironment 完形填空。Weoftentalkaboutourselvesasif〔好似〕wehavegeneticdefects〔基因缺陷〕thatcanneverbechanged.“I'mnotpatient.〞“I'malwaysbehind.〞“Ialwaysputthingsoff!"You'vesurelyheardthem.Maybeyou'veusedthemtodescribe1.Thesewordsmayefromstoriesaboutusthathavebeen2foryearsoftenfromasfarbackaschildhood.Asachild,mymothersaidtome."Marshall,youhavenomechanical(機(jī)械操作的)skills,andyouwill3haveanymechanicalskillsfortherestofyourlife."Howdidthesewordsaffect(影響)mydevelopment?Iwasnever4toworkoncars.WhenIwas18,ItooktheUSArmy'sMechanicalAptitude(力量)Test.Mygradeswereinthebottomforthewholecountry.Sixyearslater,5,Iwas'atCaliforniaUniversity,workingonmydoctor'sdegree(博士學(xué)位).Oneofmyteachers,Dr.BobTannbaum,askedmetowritedownthingsIdidwellandthingsIcouldn'tdo.Iwrote,"Ihavenomechanicalskills."BobaskedmehowIknewIhadnomechanicalskills.Italkedaboutmylife6andtoldhimaboutmypoorperformanceontheArmytest.Bobthenasked,"7isitthatyoucandodifficultmathsproblems,butyoucan'tdosimplemechanicalproblems?"8IrealizedthatIdidn'thavesomekindofgeneticdefect.Iwastheonewhokept9