【2021年】黑龍江省大興安嶺地區(qū)大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級模擬考試(含答案)

【2021年】黑龍江省大興安嶺地區(qū)大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicProposalofBanningDisposableChopsticks.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.發(fā)出倡議的根據(jù)、原因和目的

2.要求做到的具體事項(xiàng)

3.表示倡議者的決心和希望

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCanDonationChangePeople'sLifeinUnderdevelopedAreas?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.現(xiàn)在許多民間組織和政府機(jī)構(gòu)鼓勵(lì)民眾通過捐贈(zèng)來幫助落后地區(qū)

2．捐贈(zèng)的確能夠?qū)β浜蟮貐^(qū)的發(fā)展帶來幫助

3．在我看來，真正能夠幫助落后地區(qū)的還是……

CanDonationChangePeople'sLifeinUnderdevelopedAreas?

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay,entitledPlayingTruant.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.現(xiàn)有大學(xué)里逃課現(xiàn)象很嚴(yán)重

2.你認(rèn)為產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因是什么

3.怎么才能杜絕這一現(xiàn)象

PlayingTruant

4.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledFoodSafetyProblem.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.FollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1．我國食品市場存在的問題。

2．怎樣解決食品安全問題。

3．結(jié)論。

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledAHarmoniousSocietyinMyMind.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.1.現(xiàn)在國家主張建立和諧社會(huì)

2.我心中的和諧社會(huì)

3.為了達(dá)到這樣的目標(biāo)我們應(yīng)該如何做

AHarmoniousSocietyinMyMind

6.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicInformationintheModernSociety.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1．現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中信息的獲得越來越重要

2．我獲得信息的主要渠道(如：圖書館、報(bào)紙、電視、電臺(tái)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等)

3．我是如何利用信息的(和別人交流，用于學(xué)習(xí)小等)

InformationintheModernSociety

7.Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicCyberCrimes.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1.網(wǎng)上犯罪的形式很多，如......

2.網(wǎng)上犯罪的根源

3.如何打擊網(wǎng)上犯罪現(xiàn)象

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSayNotoDrunkDriving.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.眾所周知，酒后駕車十分危險(xiǎn)

2．但近年來越來越多的人酒后駕車．原因是……

3．我認(rèn)為……

SayNotoDrunkDriving

9.1.目前，中國高等教育不再是少數(shù)人享有的教育，擁有大學(xué)文憑的人數(shù)日益增加

2.大學(xué)生失業(yè)不再新鮮，因此有人認(rèn)為讀書無用

3.我對大學(xué)教育目的的認(rèn)識

ThePurposeofCollegeEducation

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicShouldEuthanasiabelegalized?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.有不少絕癥病人和病人的家屬認(rèn)為安樂死應(yīng)該合法化。

2．但是也有不少人不同意把安樂死合法化。

3．我的看法。

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.

Someoftheoldpeoplewhoinjectfluvaccinesexperienceserioussideeffects.

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12.SpaceTravelintheFuture

Spaceflightmaybeabouttoundergoatransformationfarmoreradicalthananythingplannedbynationalorinternationalspaceagencies.Inthenextfifteenyearsorso,therecouldbeafleetoffiftyspace-planescarryingamillionpeopleintoorbitabouttheEartheachyear,at$10,000perhead.Aprototypeofspaceplanecouldbeupandflyingwithinfiveorsixyears.

Perhapssurprisinglythemainobstaclestorealizingthisdreamareneithertechnicalnorcommercial.Spacetransportationisexpensiveandriskyatpresentbecausealllauncherssofarhaveusedlargethrow-awaycomponentsthatarebasedonballisticmissiletechnology.Butthetechnologyalreadyexistsforaprototypeofafullyreusable,aero-plane-likelauncher,anditsdevelopmentcostsneedonlybeequivalenttoabouttwospaceshuttleflights(about$1,000million).Thecostperprototypespace-planeflightwouldbeabout1percentofthecostinthespaceshuttle.

Coststhatlowwillnotbeachievedwithoutseveralyearsofoperatingexperienceandcontinuousdevelopmenttocreateheatshieldsandrocketmotorsthatmeettheusualairlinerstandardsoflonglifeandlowmaintenancecosts.AccordingtorecentmarketresearchinJapan,morethanamillionpeopleayearwouldbepreparedtopaysuchapriceforabriefvisittoaspacestation.Ifcorrect,thislevelofspacetourismwouldprovidethesortofcommercialincentiveandoperatingexperienceneededtoachieveairlinerstandard.

However,spacepolicyissodominatedbypoliticsthatmorethansoundengineeringandcommercialargumentswillbeneededtotransform.ahigh-costindustryintoalow-costone.Manyaviationengineersin1961,wasasamemberofaspace-planestobefeasibleoverthirtyyeasago.(Myfirstjob,startingin1961,wasasamemberofaspace-planedesignteam.)Theywerenotdevelopedprimarilybecausethemainplayerinthefiled,NASA,becausepreoccupiedwithitspartintheColdWarandlockedintoaballisticmissilemindset.Asaresult,NASAhasnotencouragedstudiesofspace-planesthatcouldbebuiltusingexistingtechnologyandtendstoviewpredictionssuchasthoseoutlinedaboveasfar-fetched.

Howthencanthetransformationbebroughtabout?Fourrecenteventsshouldbetweenthemtriggertherequiredoverthrowofthemindset.ThefirstcomponentshavebeenmanufacturedfortheInternationalSpaceStationandNASA,inconjunctionwiththeSpaceTransportationAssociation,hasbegunthefirstofficialstudytheOrbitalScienceCorporationandtheRockwellInternationalCorporation,fordevelopmentoftheX-34launcher.

TheX-34hasareusablelowerstageandanexpendableupperstage,andisdesignedtoreducethecostoflaunchingsmallsatellites.Unpilotedandlookingratherlikealarge,fatfighteraero-plane,itislaunchedfromaconvertedBoeing747.Havingreleasedtheupperstageataboutonehalfsatellitespeed,therocket-poweredlowerstageglidesbacktobaseandlands.Followinginspection,maintenanceandrefueling,thelowerstagewillbereadyforthenextflightafewdayslater.Thefirstorbitaltestflightisscheduledforjusttwoandahalfyearsfromnow.InApril1995,NASAplacescompetitivestudycon-tractswithLockheed,McDonnellDouglasandRockwellfortheX-33demonstrator,whichistendedtoleadtoanunpilotedsingle-stage-to-orbitlauncher.

Whentheimplicationsofsuchprojectsbecomewidelyappreciated,thecaseforanewandrealisticwayaheadforspacewillbecomeoverwhelming.WhiletheX-34cannotbedescribedasatruespace-plane,sinceithasanexpendableupperstage,ifitissuccessfulitwillprovideunassailableevidenceforthefeasibilityofatruespace-plane.Apilotedtwo-stagespace-planeusingexistingtechnologywillthenbeseenasamongtheall-timebestaerospac

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13.

Mostpeopledon'tthinkBritishlovemusic.Thatisbecause______.

14.

SometimeswhentheyputtheircreditcardnumbersontheInternettopayfortheitem,theirnumbersmightbe______.

15.

AccordingtoscientistsattheU.S.NationalSnowandleeDataCenter,withinabout60years,therewillbe______ontheArcticOcean.

16.

HispanicwomeninAmericahavethehighestTFRamongalltheethnicgroups.

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17.ProgrammingLanguages

Programminglanguagesarehowpeopletalktocomputers.Thecomputerwouldbejustashappyspeakinganylanguagethatwasunambiguous.Thereasonwehavehighlevellanguagesisbecausepeoplecan'tdealwithmachinelanguage.Thepointofprogramminglanguagesistopreventourpoorfrailhumanbrainsfrombeingoverwhelmedbyamassofdetail.

Architectsknowthatsomekindsofdesignproblemsaremorepersonalthanothers.Oneofthecleanest,mostabstractdesignproblemsisdesigningbridges.Themyourjobislargelyamatterofspanningagivendistancewiththeleastmaterial.Theotherendofthespectrumisdesigningchairs.Chairdesignershavetospendtheirtimethinkingabouthumanbodies.Softwarevariesinthesameway.Designingalgorithms(運(yùn)算法則)forroutingdatathroughanetworkisanice,abstractproblem,likedesigningbridges.Whereasdesigningprogramminglanguagesislikedesigningchairs:it'sallaboutdealingwithhumanweaknesses.

Mostofushatetoacknowledgethis.Designingsystemsofgreatmathematicalelegancesoundsalotmoreappealingtomostofusthanpanderingtohumanweaknesses.Andthereisaroleformathematicalelegance:somekindsofelegancemakeprogramseasiertounderstand.Buteleganceisnotanendinitself.AndwhenIsaylanguageshavetobedesignedtosuithumanweaknesses,Idon'tmeanthatlanguageshavetobedesignedforbadprogrammers.InfactIthinkyououghttodesignforthebestprogrammers,buteventhebestprogrammershavelimitations.Idon'tthinkanyonewouldlikeprogramminginalanguagewhereallthevariablesweretheletterxwithintegersubscripts.Ifyoulookatthehistoryofprogramminglanguages,alotofthebestoneswere

languagesdesignedfortheirownauthorstouse,andalotoftheworstonesweredesignedforotherpeopletouse.

Whenlanguagesaredesignedforotherpeople,it'salwaysaspecificgroupofotherpeople:peoplenotassmartasthelanguagedesigner.Soyougetalanguagethattalksdowntoyou.Cobol(計(jì)算機(jī)通用語言)isthemostextremecase,butalotoflanguagesarepervadedbythisspirit.Ithasnothingtodowithhowabstractthelanguageis.Cisprettylow-level,butitwasdesignedforitsauthorstouse,andthat'swhyhackerslikeit.Theargumentfordesigninglanguagesforbadprogrammersisthattherearemorebadprogrammersthangoodprogrammers.Thatmaybeso.Butthosefewgoodprogrammerswriteadisproportionatelylargepercentageofthesoftware.

I'minterestedinthequestion,howdoyoudesignalanguagethattheverybesthackerswilllike?Ihappentothinkthisisidenticaltothequestion,howdoyoudesignagoodprogramminglanguage?

GivetheProgrammerasMuchControlasPossible.

Manylanguages(especiallytheonesdesignedforotherpeople)havetheattitudeofagoverness:theytrytopreventyoufromdoingthingsthattheythinkaren'tgoodforyou.Iliketheoppositeapproach:givetheprogrammerasmuchcontrolasyoucan.WhenIfirstlearnedLisp(表處理語言),whatIlikedmostaboutitwasthatitconsideredmeanequalpartner.IntheotherlanguagesIhadlearneduptillthen,therewasthelanguageandtherewasmyprogram,writteninthelanguage,andthetwowereveryseparate.ButinLispfilefunctionsandmacrosIwrotewerejustlikethosethatmadeupthelanguageitself.IcouldrewritethelanguageifIwanted.Ithadthesameappealasopen-sourcesoftware.

AimforBrevity.

Brevityisunderestimatedandevenscorned.Butifyoulookintotheheartsofhackers,you'llseethattheyreallyloveit.Howmanytimeshaveyouheardhackersspeakfondlyofhowin,say,APL,theycoulddoamazingthingswithjustacouplelinesofcode?Ithinkanythingthatreallysmartpeoplereallyloveisworthpayingattentionto.Ithinkal

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18.

______wouldremindthetouristsoftheuntimelydeathofamodemU.S.president.

19.NewLightinInternetService

Anewinternetservice

Lookingfor"TheFugitive?"Didn'tgetenough"EightIsEnough?"Wouldyouliketo"WelcomeBack,Kotter"onemoretime?

WarnerBrothersispreparingamajornewInternetservicethatwillletfanswatchfullepisodesfrommorethan100oldtelevisionseries.Theservice,calledIn2TV,willbefree,supportedbyadvertising,andwillstartearlynextyear.Morethan4800episodeswillbemadeavailableonlineinthefirstyear.

Thebenefitofthenewtechnology

ThemovewillgiveWarnerawaytoreapnewadvertisingrevenuefromahugetroveofoldprogrammingthatisnotwidelysyndicated.

ProgramsonIn2TVwillhaveonetotwominutesofcommercialsforeachhalf-hourepisode,comparedwitheightminutesinastandardbroadcast.TheInternetcommercialscannotbeskipped.

AmericaOnline,whichismakingabroadpushintoInternetvideo,willdistributetheserviceonitsWebportal.BothitandWarnerBrothersareTimeWarnerunits.Anenhancedversionoftheservicewillusepeer-to-peerfile-sharingtechnol0gytogetthevideodatatoviewers.

Warner,with800televisionprogramsinitslibrary,saysitisthelargestTVsyndicator.ItwantstousetheInternettoreachviewersratherthandependonthewhimsofcablenetworksandlocalTVstations,saidEricFrankel,thepresidentofWarnerBrothers'domesticcabledistributiondivision.

"WelookedattheriseofbroadbandonInternetandsaid,'Let'strytobethefirsttocreateanetworkthatopensanewwindowofdistributionforusratherthanhavingtogohatinhandtoaUSAoraNickatNightoraTBS,'"Mr.Frankelsaid.

Warner'sofferingcomesatatimewhentelevisionproducersandnetworksareexploringnewwaystousedigitaltechnologytodistributeprograms.

TheCompetitionamongdifferentdistributors

Manyoftherecentmovesincludechargingviewersforcurrentprograms.ABChasstartedsellingepisodesofsomeprogramstodownloadtoApplePodsfor＄1.99.AndNBCandCBSannouncedlastweekthattheywouldsellrerunsoftheirtopnewshowsfor99centsanepisodethroughvideo-on-demandservices.CBSisworkingwithComcastandNBCwithDirecTV.TheCBSprogramstobesoldonComcastincludecommercials,butviewerscanskipthem.TheNBCprogramsonDirecTVandtheABCprogramsfromApplehavenocommercials.

Ofthemediacompanies'newexperiments,PeterStorck,presidentofthePointsNorthGroup,aresearchfirm,remarked,"Theyaresayinglet'staketheplunge,putthecontentoutthere,andfigureouthowtomonetizeit."ProgramsonIn2TVwillrangefromrecentlycanceledserieslike"LaFemmeNikita'tovintageshowslike"Maverick"fromtheearly1960's.Otherseriesthatwillbeavailableinclude"ChicoandtheMan,""WonderWoman"and"Babylon5."

"Thecompanywillofferachangingselectionofseveralhundredepisodeseachmonth,ratherthanprovidingcontinuousaccesstoalltheepisodesinaseries,"Mr.Frankelsaid,"soasnottocannibalize(拆分)potentialDVDsalesofoldTVshows."

"Andinthefuture,whenWarnernegotiateswithcablenetworkstosyndicatepopularprograms,"Mr.Frankel-said,"thepricewillbehigherifthenetworkwantsitkeptofftheInternet."

ForAOL,theIn2TVdealispartofabroadstrategytocreatearangeofvideoofferingstoattractpeopletoitsfreeAOL.comportal.ItalreadyofferssomevideonewsandsportsprogramsfromCBSNews,ABCandCNN.

Atthesametime,itiscreatingprogrammingaimedatwomenandyoungpeople,includinganonlinerealityseriescalled"TheBiz,"givingcontestantsthechancetobecomeamusicproducer,inconjunctionwiththeWarnerMusicGroup(whichisnolongerownedbyTimeWarner).

NextmonthAOL

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20.

Whenecologicalresilienceisexceeded,theecosystembecomes______unacceptable.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.(21)

A.Becauseitisagainstthelaw.

B.BecausethemanisnotamemberofTerry'sfamily.

C.Becausethewomancannotfindthetest.

D.BecauseTerrywastoosicktotakethetest.

22.

【B9】

23.聽力原文：M:Therewasanewquizshowontelevisionlastnight,butwewerejustsittingdowntodinnerwhenitcameon.

W:Iwatcheditanditwasgreat!Thefirstfourcontestantswononlysmallprizes,butthefifthleftwithanewluxurycar.

Q:Whethappenedlastnight?

(13)

A.Fourcontestantsfailedtowinprizes.

B.Themanmissedtheshow.

C.Thewomanateduringtheshow.

D.Fivecontestantswoncars.

24.聽力原文：W:Idon'tlikepicnicsbecause'hamburgersandcom-on-the-cobarcsomessy.

M:Youworrytoomuchabouthowyoulook.itdoesn'tmatterifyourfingersgetalittledirtyonceinawhile.

Whydoesn'tthewomenlikepicnics?

(17)

A.Toomuchmin.

B.Shedoesn'tliketoeatwithherhands.

C.Dirtyfoodonhercorn.

D.Shehateshamburgersandcom.

25.(17)

A.Yes,shecanstudythereifsheiswritingaresearchpaper.

B.Yes,butsheneedstohavetheapprovalofherprofessor.

C.Yes,becausesheisaseniorstudent

D.No,it'sopenonlytoteachersandpostgraduates.

26.(26)

A.She'llpayperminute.

B.She'llpayamonthlyservicefee.

C.She'llpayayearlyservicefee.

D.Shewon'thavetopay.

27.

【B8】

28.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Afoodcalled"nutraloaf"hasbeenusedformanyyearsinUSprisons.(26)Butprisonersclaimthatittastessobadthatthefoodisactuallypunishment.Theysaythatprisonofficialsmustchargetheprisonerwithsomeofviolationbeforetheycanpunishhimbymakinghimeatnutraloaf.Atleastoneprisonerhasfiledalawsuitagainsttheuseofnutraloaf.Prisonofficialssaytheprisonersareoverreacting.Theysaythatnutraloafisanutritiousfood.It'sjustlikefruitcake.(27)Nutraloafisamixtureofbread,cheese,rawandcookedvegetables,beans,andotheringredientswhichmayvaryfromseasontoseasonandprisontoprison.

Prisonofficialssaythatusingnutraloaf,a"hand"food,increasesprisonsafety,becauseprisonersdon'thaveutensilsorplatestothrowatoruseagainstguardsorotherprisoners.(28)Officialsroutinelydistributenutraloaffordaysatatimewhenoneormoreprisonersactunruly.

BobHope,aprisonwardeninArkansas,can'tunderstandtheprisoners'complaints,Hethinkstheyareabunchofcomplainers.Inhisopinion,nutraloaftastesalotbetterthanthegritsandcombreadwhichheeatseveryday.Sometimes,heevenpopsthenutraioafintothemicrowaveforaminute,spreadsalittlebutteronit,andenjoys.Hesaysheevenwisheshecouldhavehadnutraloafwhenhewasgrowingup.

(27)

A.Theythinkthatitissimilartofruitcake.

B.Theyregarditasakindofnourishingfood.

C.Theyhaveanumberofcomplaintsaboutit.

D.Theyshowindifferencetoitsexistence.

29.(32)

A.Manknowswherethesocietyisgoing.

B.Peopledon'twelcometherapiddevelopmentofmodemsociety.

C.Thespeakerisworriedaboutthefutureofourmodemsociety.

D.Mancandonothingabouttheproblemofpollution.

30.(44)

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.

Bysaying"NobodyundersellsAmerica"(Underlined),theauthormeansthat______.

A.noothercountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.noothercountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

32.

Inthispassage,whatdoestheauthormentionasanexampleofthepossiblemisuseofscientificknowledgewithseriousconsequences?

33.

Theoldviewofintelligencewouldseemtojustify______.

A.comprehensiveeducationandun-streamedclasses

B.groupingofchildrenintodifferentclasses

C.sendingthedullerchildrenouttoworkatanearlyage

D.taking"disadvantaged"childrenawayfromtheirhomeenvironment

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S5】

35.

【S2】

36.

【S10】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.TodaywetakeforgrantedthatthemailwillhedelivereddailyatourS1.______

door.ButmanyyearsagoitmighthavebeenplacedinatreetrunkandS2.______

underneatharock.Intheearlydaysofthemailnoonecouldbesureabout

whereorwhenitwillarrive.S3.______

AtthesoutherntipofAfricatherewasonceapostofficeunderarock.

AttheolddaystheroutefromEnglandtoIndiawasaroundtheCapeofS4.______

GoodHope.Thejourneywasstormyanddanger.Ittooksixlongmonths.S5.______

Sailorsoftenwishedtosendmailhome,buttheyseldommetshipsbound

hacktoEngland.Soatthecapethesailorswouldgoonashore.TheyheadedS6.______

foracertainlargestone.Onthestonescratchedthewords"LookhereunderS7.______

forletters."Theywouldleavetheirlettersthere,knowingthatthe

nexthomewardshipwouldstopandpickitup.S8.______

TherewasanotherpostofficelikethisatthesoutherntipofSouthAmerica.

Duringthegoldenrushdays,boatssailedaroundGapeHorntoS9.______

California.AtCapeHornwasakeg(燭桶)nailedtoapost.Boatscoming

fromtheeastcoastwouldsendsomesailorstothispostoffice.Theypicked

upanylettersinthekeg.Atthesametimetheymailedlettershomethat

boatssaileastcouldpickup.S10.______

【S1】

38.【S10】

39.

【S7】

參考答案

1.ProposalofBanningDisposableChopsticksDoyouusedisposablechopsticksfrequentlywhenyoudineout?Hasiteveroccurredtoyouthatdisposablechopsticksespeciallythosemadeofwoodareanastonishingwasteoftimberresourcesandthatfurtherexploitationofourforestresourceswilltosomeextentdeteriorateourenvironment?ThusIcalloneveryoneofustostopusingdisposablechopsticks.Sohowareweuniversitystudentsgoingtotacklethisproblemandpreventourscarceforestresourcesfromshrinking?Asthefirststepweshouldusethetraditionalreusablechopstickswheneverwegotoarestaurantoratake-awayandsay"No"whenthedisposableonesareoffered.Ifyouareafraidofcatchingsomeinfectiousdiseasesbyusingthereusablechopsticksintherestaurantswhynottakeapairbyyourself?What'smoreweshouldinformourfamilymembersandourfriendsofthecrisisofnaturalresourcesthatconfrontsuscultivatetheirconsciousnessofpreservingtheforestandhelpthemtogetridofthisbadhabit.Obviouslywecannotbeblindtotheproblemofdisposablechopsticksanylonger.Otherwisetherewillbeeverychancefortheforestandourlivingenvironmentasawholetobeputindanger.ProposalofBanningDisposableChopsticksDoyouusedisposablechopsticksfrequentlywhenyoudineout?Hasiteveroccurredtoyouthatdisposablechopsticks,especiallythosemadeofwood,areanastonishingwasteoftimberresourcesandthatfurtherexploitationofourforestresourceswill,tosomeextent,deteriorateourenvironment?Thus,Icalloneveryoneofustostopusingdisposablechopsticks.So,howarewe,universitystudents,goingtotacklethisproblemandpreventourscarceforestresourcesfromshrinking?Asthefirststep,weshouldusethetraditionalreusablechopstickswheneverwegotoarestaurantoratake-awayandsay"No"whenthedisposableonesareoffered.Ifyouareafraidofcatchingsomeinfectiousdiseasesbyusingthereusablechopsticksintherestaurants,whynottakeapairbyyourself?What'smore,weshouldinform.ourfamilymembersandourfriendsofthecrisisofnaturalresourcesthatconfrontsus,cultivatetheirconsciousnessofpreservingtheforest,andhelpthemtogetridofthisbadhabit.Obviously,wecannotbeblindtotheproblemofdisposablechopsticksanylonger.Otherwise,therewillbeeverychancefortheforestandourlivingenvironmentasawholetobeputindanger.解析：本文是一篇倡議書。第一段第一句開門見山指出現(xiàn)在存在的不良現(xiàn)象，Hasiteveroccurredtoyouthat指出這種現(xiàn)象背后所存在的問題，接著Thus，Icalloneveryoneofusto向大家發(fā)出倡議，行文流暢，思路清晰。第二段用Asthefirststep...What'smore...提出具體的措施。最后一段用Obviously再次號召，并用Otherwise表明不這樣做將導(dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重后果。

2.CanDonationChangePeople'sLifeinUnderdevelopedAreas?Peoplearenowmoreandmoreencouragedbybothnon-governmentalandgovernmentalorganizationstohelpthepeopleinunderdevelopedareasbydonations.Donationsinformsofbothmoneyandmaterialsarecalledonespeciallyintimeofdisastersoremergencyintheunderdevelopedareas.Itisobviousthatvariousdonationsgoingtotheunderdevelopedareasdoimprovetheconditionsoftheseareastosomeextent.Firstlythesedonationscanbeusedtoresolvesomepracticalproblemsintheseareasbyworkingasasourceoffundsforconstructionforexample.Secondlydonationalsoofferssomeopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofeducationinunderdevelopedareas.Moneybooksandvariousdevicesandeducationalequipmentsdonatedtotheseareasareusefulfortheirculturalandeducationaldevelopment.Inthethirdplacedonationisreallyanefficientwayofpullingpeoplethroughtemporarybutoverwhelmingdifficultiesandhardships.Howeveritdocsnotfollowthatdonationcanreplacegovernmentalbehavior.Infactthelatteristheveryapproachtoathoroughdevelopmentoftheunderdevelopedareas.Ononehanddonationisonashorttermbasisandisonlyhelpfulinsolvingsometemporaryproblemswhilegovernmentalbehaviorisonalong-termbasisandcanbedependeduponinsolvingsomeradicalproblems.Ontheotherhanddonationisusuallyaimedatcertainplacesinsteadofalltheunderdevelopedareasandthuscannotsolvetheproblemsofalltheseareaswhilegovernmentalbehaviorisdirectedatalltheunderdevelopedareas.Thereforeinordertopromptaradicalimprovementoftheunderdevelopedareasgovernmentalbehaviorwillbethedominantforceinthelongrun.CanDonationChangePeople'sLifeinUnderdevelopedAreas?Peoplearenowmoreandmoreencouragedbybothnon-governmentalandgovernmentalorganizationstohelpthepeopleinunderdevelopedareasbydonations.Donations,informsofbothmoneyandmaterials,arecalledonespeciallyintimeofdisastersoremergencyintheunderdevelopedareas.Itisobviousthatvariousdonationsgoingtotheunderdevelopedareasdoimprovetheconditionsoftheseareastosomeextent.Firstly,thesedonationscanbeusedtoresolvesomepracticalproblemsintheseareasbyworkingasasourceoffundsforconstruction,forexample.Secondly,donationalsoofferssomeopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofeducationinunderdevelopedareas.Money,books,andvariousdevicesandeducationalequipmentsdonatedtotheseareasareusefulfortheirculturalandeducationaldevelopment.Inthethirdplace,donationisreallyanefficientwayofpullingpeoplethroughtemporarybutoverwhelmingdifficultiesandhardships.However,itdocsnotfollowthatdonationcanreplacegovernmentalbehavior.Infact,thelatteristheveryapproachtoathoroughdevelopmentoftheunderdevelopedareas.Ononehand,donationisonashorttermbasisandisonlyhelpfulinsolvingsometemporaryproblems,whilegovernmentalbehavior.isonalong-termbasisandcanbedependeduponinsolvingsomeradicalproblems.Ontheotherhand,donationisusuallyaimedatcertainplacesinsteadofalltheunderdevelopedareasandthuscannotsolvetheproblemsofalltheseareas,whilegovernmentalbehavior.isdirectedatalltheunderdevelopedareas.Therefore,inordertopromptaradicalimprovementoftheunderdevelopedareas,governmentalbehavior.willbethedominantforce