2020-2021學(xué)年英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊教師用書：Unit 1 Science and Scientists 預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020-2021學(xué)年英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊教師用書：Unit1ScienceandScientists預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道含解析Ⅰ.匹配詞義A．單詞匹配第一組（)1.severe A．n。感染；傳染（)2。contradictory B．a(chǎn)dj.極為惡劣的；十分嚴重的；嚴厲的()3。infection C．a(chǎn)dj.相互矛盾的；對立的;不一致的(）4。multiple D．n。一家人；家庭；同住一所（套)房子 的人()5。household E．a(chǎn)dj。數(shù)量多的；多種多樣的(）6.intervention F．a(chǎn)dj。未煮的；生的；未經(jīng)處理的;原 始的（)7.raw G．a(chǎn)dj.大量的;價值巨大的；重大的（）8。substantial H．n.介入；出面；干涉()9.statistic I．n。顯微鏡(）10.microscope J．n.［pl。］統(tǒng)計數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計資料;統(tǒng)計學(xué)[答案]1－5BCAED6－10HFGJI第二組（)1.thinking A．n.蛋白質(zhì)(）2.protein B．n。病毒()3.cell C．n.思想；思維；見解（)4.virus D．a(chǎn)dj.最初的；開始的；第一的(）5。initial E．n.細胞；小房間;單間牢房（）6。framework F．n。彩虹（）7.rainbow G．n?？蚣埽唤Y(jié)構(gòu)（)8.concrete H．n。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能（)9。mechanic I．n。機械師;機械修理工（）10。leadership J．n?；炷羇dj?；炷林频模淮_實的； 具體的［答案］1－5CAEBD6－10GFJIHB．短語匹配（）1。onceandforall A．同意；贊同（）2.subscribeto B．幸虧；由于(）3.thanksto C．水泵（)4.waterpump D．最終地；徹底地(）5。theoreticalframework E．（戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然 開始；爆發(fā)(）6.breakout F．理論框架()7。inchargeof G．下降；墜落()8。comedown H．最重要的是；尤其是(）9.aboveall I．主管；掌管［答案］1－5DABCF6－9EIGHⅡ。默寫單詞第一組1．subscribevi。 認購(股份）；定期訂購；定期交納（會費)2．proofn. 證據(jù)；證明；檢驗3．suspectvt。&vi. n。 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對象4．blamevt。 把……歸咎于；責怪;指責n. 責備；指責5．handlen. 把手；拉手；柄vt。 處理；搬動;操縱（車輛、動物、工具等)6．linkn。 聯(lián)系；紐帶vt。 把……連接起來；相關(guān)聯(lián)7．decreasen。 減少；降低;減少量vt.＆vi。 8．transformvt. 使改觀;使改變形態(tài)vi。 改變；轉(zhuǎn)變9．findingn. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；調(diào)查結(jié)果；（法律）判決10．solidadj. 可靠的；固體的；堅實的n。 固體第二組1．castvt. 投射；向……投以（視線、笑容等)；投擲2．shadown. 陰影；影子；背光處3．pourvt. 倒出；傾瀉；斟(飲料）4．defendvt。 保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解5．a(chǎn)ssistantn. 助理;助手6．outstandingadj。 優(yōu)秀的；杰出的；明顯的7．giftedadj. 有天賦的；有天才的；天資聰慧的8．brilliantadj。 聰穎的;絕妙的；明亮的9．faultn. 弱點；過錯10．shiftn。 改變；轉(zhuǎn)換;輪班vi。&vt. 轉(zhuǎn)移；挪動；轉(zhuǎn)向Ⅰ。語境填空suspect;blame；subscribe；decrease；link；handle；pour；transform；outstanding；defend1．Isubscribedtoamorningpaper.2．Weallsuspectthetruthofthereport。3．Mybrotherbrokethewindow,butIgottheblame．4．Doyouknowhowtohandlethemachine？5．Istherealinkbetweenlungdiseaseandsmoking？6．Theunemploymentrateofthecountrydecreasedlastyear。7．Anewcolourschemewilltransformyourbedroom。8．AndypouredtheglassfullandliftedittoBobby.9．Theaccusedmanhadalawyertodefendhim。10．Herlatehusbandwasanoutstandingscientist。Ⅱ。語法填空之派生詞1．Iftheprimaryinfection(infect）isnottreated，furtheroutbreaksmayoccur.2．Wewouldresistanyarmedintervention（intervene）fromoutsideinourcountry'saffairs。3．Anaccidentwasavoidedbyhisquickthinking(think）．4．Thefindings(find）ofthecommissionhavenotyetbeenmadepublic.5．Themechanic（machine）wasbusyrepairingthemachine.6．I'llaskmypersonalassistant(assist)todealwiththis.7．Hewaspraisedforhisfirmleadership（leader）．8．Theirhelpersaregifted(gift）withamazingpowersofpatience.9．Hedidsomethingcontradictory(contradict）tohisorders。10．Thebloodonhisshoeswasaproof(prove）ofhisguilt。1．Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea，dehydration，andevendeath。這種疾病會導(dǎo)致嚴重的腹瀉、脫水，甚至死亡。2．Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera。作為一名年輕的醫(yī)生，約翰·斯諾變得沮喪，因為沒有人知道如何預(yù)防或治療霍亂。3．Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread。一般來說,當時的醫(yī)生對解釋霍亂的傳播有兩種相互矛盾的理論。4．Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.斯諾懷疑是水泵的問題。5．Throughthisintervention，thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.通過這種干預(yù),這種疾病的蔓延被立即阻止了。詞語助讀①usedto過去時常;過去曾(而現(xiàn)在不再)做②oneofthemostfeareddiseases最可怕的疾病之一③causeseverediarrhoea導(dǎo)致嚴重的腹瀉④anoutbreakofcholera爆發(fā)霍亂⑤diefrom死于⑥becomefrustrated變得沮喪⑦intime最后⑧attendto照料；照顧⑨givebirth生孩子⑩onceandforall最終地；徹底地?ingeneral一般而言?twocontradictorytheories兩種相互矛盾的理論?aninfectionfromgerms細菌感染?subscribeto同意;贊同?needproof需要證據(jù)?begintoinvestigate開始調(diào)查?morethan500people500多人?bedeterminedtodo..。決心做某事?findoutwhy找出原因?markonamap在地圖上標出eq\o(○,\s\up2（21))multipledeaths多人死亡eq\o（○，\s\up2（22）)housenumbers門牌號eq\o(○,\s\up2（23))somehouseholds一些家庭eq\o（○,\s\up2(24））suchas例如eq\o（○,\s\up2(25））freebeer免費的啤酒eq\o(○，\s\up2（26））suspectvt。懷疑eq\o（○,\s\up2（27））betoblame對某事應(yīng)負責任eq\o(○,\s\up2(28）)whatismore而且，此外eq\o（○，\s\up2(29））dieof死于eq\o（○,\s\up2(30）)moveaway搬走eq\o(○,\s\up2(31））havesth。done使某事被做eq\o（○,\s\up2（32）)asaresultof由于eq\o(○,\s\up2(33）)accordinglyadv.因此eq\o(○，\s\up2(34））thehandleofthepump水泵的把手eq\o（○,\s\up2(35)）throughthisintervention通過這種干預(yù)eq\o（○，\s\up2（36））inone’stracks立即eq\o（○,\s\up2（37））moreoveradv.再者，此外，而且eq\o（○,\s\up2(38))alinkbetween。..and。.?！c……之間的聯(lián)系eq\o（○,\s\up2（39））watercompanies供水公司eq\o（○,\s\up2(40）)rawwaste未經(jīng)處理的廢物eq\o（○,\s\up2(41））belikelytodo.。。很可能做某事eq\o（○，\s\up2（42））getcholera得霍亂eq\o（○,\s\up2(43))boiledwater白開水eq\o（○,\s\up2(44))tirelessefforts不懈努力eq\o（○,\s\up2（45））aroundtheworld全世界eq\o(○,\s\up2(46）)asubstantialdecrease大幅減少eq\o(○，\s\up2（47））millionsofpeople數(shù)百萬人eq\o(○，\s\up2(48)）preventcholera預(yù)防霍亂eq\o(○，\s\up2(49）)thanksto幸虧；由于eq\o（○，\s\up2（50）)statisticn．統(tǒng)計數(shù)字eq\o(○,\s\up2(51))transformvt.改變eq\o(○，\s\up2(52）)forthisreason由于這個原因eq\o（○,\s\up2（53))modernepidemiology現(xiàn)代流行病學(xué)原文呈現(xiàn)JOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”Cholerausedto①beoneofthemostfeareddiseases②intheworld，untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow，showedhowitcouldbeovercome(1)．Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea③，dehydration,andevendeath。Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholera④hitEurope(2)，millionsofpeoplediedfrom⑤thedisease.Asayoungdoctor，JohnSnowbecamefrustrated⑥becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera（3）．Intime⑦，herosetobecomeafamousdoctor，andevenattendedto⑧QueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth⑨（4）．However，heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall⑩。（1）until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，其中how...beovercome為賓語從句。（2)when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。（3)because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句.(4）when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。Ingeneral?，doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheories?toexplainhowcholeraspread(5）．Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease(6）．Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgerms?infoodorwater(7)．Snowsubscribedto?thesecondtheory.Itwascorrect，buthestillneededproof?。Consequently，whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854（8），Snowbegantoinvestigate?。Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500people?diedintendays（9）．Hewasdeterminedto?findoutwhy?。(5）不定式短語作名詞theories的后置定語,其中howcholeraspread為賓語從句.(6)that引導(dǎo)表語從句.(7）that引導(dǎo)表語從句。（8）when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。(9)第一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，其中so...that.。.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。Snowbeganbymarkingonamap?theexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived（10）．Thereweremultipledeathseq\o（○，\s\up9（21）)nearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumberseq\o（○，\s\up9(22)）16,37，38，and40)．However，somehouseholdseq\o（○,\s\up9(23)）(suchaseq\o（○，\s\up9（24））20and21BroadStreet，and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet。Theyhadbeengivenfreebeereq\o（○,\s\up9（25）)，andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump(11）．Snowsuspectedeq\o（○,\s\up9（26)）thatthewaterpumpwastoblameeq\o(○,\s\up9(27))(12)．Whatismoreeq\o（○,\s\up9（28）),inanotherpartofLondon，awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofeq\o(○，\s\up9(29)）choleraaftermovingawayeq\o（○,\s\up9(30））fromBroadStreet。Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredeq\o(○,\s\up9(31）)toherhouseeveryday(13)．Asaresultofeq\o(○,\s\up9(32）)thisevidence，JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms（14）．Accordinglyeq\o(○，\s\up9(33)），hehadthehandleofthepumpeq\o（○，\s\up9（34）)removedsothatitcouldnotbeused(15）．Throughthisinterventioneq\o(○，\s\up9(35）)，thediseasewasstoppedinitstrackseq\o（○,\s\up9(36））。(10)where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞places，其中whodied也是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞those。(11）andso因而，連接兩個并列謂語.（12)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。（13)固定句式Itseemedthat。。.似乎……,其中so..。that。。.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。(14)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(15）sothat。。.引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste（16）．Moreovereq\o(○，\s\up9(37)），Snowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandeq\o(○，\s\up9（38））thedifferentwatercompanieseq\o(○,\s\up9(39））inLondon。SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwasteeq\o（○,\s\up9(40))（17）．Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytoeq\o（○，\s\up9(41))getcholeraeq\o（○,\s\up9(42）)thanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwatereq\o(○，\s\up9（43）)(18）．(16)that引導(dǎo)表語從句。(17)that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞water。（18)who引導(dǎo)定語從句，第一個定語從句的先行詞為people；第二個定語從句的先行詞為those.ThroughSnow’stirelesseffortseq\o(○，\s\up9(44)）,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater，andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldeq\o(○，\s\up9(45))sawasubstantialdecreaseeq\o(○，\s\up9(46))(19）．However,choleraisstillaproblem。Eachyear，millionsofpeopleeq\o（○，\s\up9（47))aroundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit(20)．Fortunately，wenowknowhowtopreventcholeraeq\o（○,\s\up9（48))（21），thankstoeq\o(○,\s\up9(49））theworkofJohnSnow。Moreover，inhisuseofmapsandstatisticseq\o（○，\s\up9(50))，Snowtransformedeq\o（○，\s\up9(51））thewayscientistsstudydiseases(22）．Forthisreasoneq\o（○,\s\up9(52))，Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiologyeq\o(○,\s\up9(53)）（23）．（19)and連接表示順承關(guān)系的并列句。（20)and連接表示順承關(guān)系的并列句.（21）“疑問詞＋不定式短