初中英語語法梳理和提高19賓語從句講解

初中英語語法梳理和提高19賓語從句講解上題

初中英語語法梳理和提高19賓語從句講解試題

知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)！

1.在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語

動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodat

drawing.（動(dòng)詞賓語）

HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.

（動(dòng)詞賓語）

MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.（介詞賓

語）

2.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三類:

(1)以that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主要用來引導(dǎo)句形式的賓語從

句，that可以省略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswi

11liftlateron.

Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.

(2)以連接代詞which,what,who等或連接副詞how,whe

re,why等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句是陳述語序

eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithu?

Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.

(3)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主要用來引導(dǎo)一般

疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序

eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewto

LiLei.

3.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)

(1)當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、或一般將來時(shí)

態(tài)時(shí)，從句可用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。eg,Iwanttoknowwha

ttimehegotupthismorning.

Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorro

w?

(2)當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時(shí)

o

eg;TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.

Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.

(3)當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，賓語從句要使

用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.

Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews

注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況

例外。

1.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用if

eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepini

c.

2.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或not連用時(shí)，只用whether.

eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.

Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?

3.if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，這時(shí)不能用w

hether.

eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethe

meeting.

例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！

1.Theteacheraskedthestudents.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwas

AlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howman

ytreestheyhaveplanted

解析：賓語從句中從句應(yīng)保持陳述語序，答案B首先刪去,

主句一般過去式，從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，刪去答案C和D,

答案A中的if意為如果.

應(yīng)選A

2.Couldyoutellme?

A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematt

erwithyou

C.hat'sthematterwithyouD.what'sthewrongwi

thyou.

解析：what就是從句的主語，what'sthematterwithyo

u本身就是陳述語序，因此刪掉A;主句可看作是委婉的請求,

并是一般過去式，可刪去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此

題選C.

3.HeaskedmeIcouldsingthesong"MyHeart

willGoOn."

A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that

解析：此句應(yīng)選含有疑問意思的關(guān)系代詞，故刪去D；we

ather意為天氣，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A.

4.0urteachertoldusthatthemoonroundthe

earth.

A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns

解析：從句是一個(gè)客觀真理，因此從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句影響。

應(yīng)選D

5.Itmakesnodifference.

A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.

B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam

C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot

D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot

解析：答案A和B從句不是陳述語序先刪掉,if不能與not

連用。因此此題選D

6.Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

解析：what表示職業(yè)，因此選B.

7.Iamsureyousaidistrue.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who

解析：根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用what，做said的內(nèi)容，你所說的話。

應(yīng)選A.

8.Theoldmantoldusand

A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,how

todoit

C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,how

todo

解析：疑問詞what即連接不定式，又做do的賓語；

而在how引導(dǎo)的不定式短語中，how表示方式，do為及物

動(dòng)詞，因此需接賓語才正確

應(yīng)選C

練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績!

1.—DoyouknowwhentheWorldCupnextwe

ek?

—NextFriday.Whenit,Iwillringyou.

A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,

willbeginD.willbegin,begins

2.—Todayortomorrow?

—Whatareyoutalkingabout?

—WearetalkingabouttogiveatalkonWT

0.

A.howB.whereC.whenD.what

3.Iwonder

A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelive

C.heliveswhereD.wherehelives

4.Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.

-Idon'tknowIcandoitifnotnow.

A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how

5.一Wouldyoupleasetellme?

---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.

A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyour

motherwasborn

C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyour

motherwasborn

6.Thephotographwillshowyou.

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourv

illagelookslike

C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvil

lagelookslike

7.—Canyouguessiftheytoplaybasketball

withus?

-Ithinkthey'llcomeiftheyfree.

A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,

areD.come,willbe

8.——Wheredoeshecomefrom?

—Pardon?

-Iaskedwhere，

AdidhecomefromB.hecamefrom

C.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom

9.Shewondered,

A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howm

uchhepaidforthecomputer

C.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.how

muchdidhespendonthecomputer

10.Doyouknow?

——I'mnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.

A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoe

sD.whatdoeshedo

1-5DCDCB6-10BBBBA

被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解

一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式

1.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本時(shí)態(tài)變化

被動(dòng)語態(tài)通常為十種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式，被動(dòng)語態(tài)由be+過

去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。以d。為例，各種時(shí)態(tài)的

被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式為：

1)am/is/are+done(過去分訶)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

例Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.

2)has/havebeendone現(xiàn)在完成融

例Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,

andwe'rereadytostart.

3)am/is/arebeingdone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

例Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere.

4)was/weredone一般過去時(shí)

例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldreject

theoffer.

5)hadbeendone過去完成時(shí)

例Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhad

beencompletedinBeijing.

6)was/werebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

例AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.

7)shall/willbedone一般將乘時(shí)

例Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.

8)should/wouldbedone過去將來時(shí)

例Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoon

asitarrived.

9)shall/willhavebeendone將來完成時(shí)(少用)

例TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.

2.被動(dòng)語太的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式

1)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去

分詞。

例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.

2）有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語、在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把

主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z、另一賓語仍然保留在謂語

后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。、

例Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改為

Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.

3）當(dāng)“南詞+賓宿+賓語亦足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)桔，將賓

語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動(dòng)。、

例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette,可改為The

boywascaughtsmokingacigarette.

4）在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,

notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)

構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to。、

例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為A

strangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.

5）有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞+介詞”，"動(dòng)

詞+副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體,

不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。

例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.

3.非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

v.+ing形式及不定式todo也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)（一般時(shí)態(tài)和完

成時(shí)態(tài)）。

例Idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.

二、如何使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)

學(xué)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不僅要知道被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還

要知道在哪些情況中使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

1.講話者不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者

（這時(shí)可奢by短語）。

例Mybikewasstolenlastnight.

2.借助被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作突出動(dòng)作島執(zhí)行者。

例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshould

accepttheoffer.

3,為了更好地安排句子。

例Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwas

immediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一個(gè)主語就夠了）

三、Itissaidthat+從句及其他類似句型

一些表示"據(jù)說"或"相信"的動(dòng)詞如believe,consider,expect,

report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型"It4"be+過去分詞+

that從句"戢"王語+be1過去分詞彳todosth."。有：

Itissaidthat...據(jù)班Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道,Itis

believedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itiswell

knownthat…眾所周知，Itisthoughtthat…大家認(rèn)為，Itis

suggestedthat…據(jù)建議。

例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（=

Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）

四、謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義

1.英語中有很多動(dòng)詞如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,

open,sell,read,write,wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞

萊描述主語特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，主語通常是

物。

例Thiskindofclothwasheswell.

注意：主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則

強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。

試比較：Thedoorwon'tlock.（指門本身有毛?。?/p>

Thedoorwon'tbelocked.（指不會(huì)有人未鎖門，指“門沒

有鎖”是人的原因）

2.表示"爰生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語，如：happen,last,

takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,

giveout,turnout等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

例Howdothenewspaperscomeout?這些報(bào)紙是如何引

出來的呢？

3.系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式，但有些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞

feel,sound,taste,book,feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表

示被動(dòng)意義。

例Yourreasonsoundsreasonable

五、非謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意

義。

1.在need,want,require,bear等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用

主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被劭形式。

Thehouseneedsrepairing（toberepaired）.這房子需

要修理

22.0形容詞worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，

但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式;而worthy后面踉動(dòng)同木定出的被動(dòng)形式。

例Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading.（=The

picture-bookisveryworthytoberead.）

3.動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)

賓關(guān)系時(shí)，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，不定式的主

動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。

例Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon,（todo與

thin斐是奧賓關(guān)系，與I嵬主謂關(guān)系。）

試比較:PHgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobe

posted?（ji匕處用不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)作定語表明you不是post動(dòng)

作的執(zhí)行者。）

4.在某些“形容詞+不定式”做表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，

句子的主語或賓語又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語時(shí)，這時(shí)常用不定

式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice,easy,fit,^hard,

difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。

例Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.（可看作toworkout

省略了forme）.

5.在too...to…結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以

應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

例Thisbookistooexpensive（forme）tobuy.

6.在therebe…旬型中,當(dāng)初詞木定式修怖名詞作定語時(shí)，

不定式用主動(dòng)式作定語，重點(diǎn)在人，用被動(dòng)形式作定語，重點(diǎn)在

物。

^!|Thereisnotimetolose（tobelost）.（用tolose可看

成forustolose；用tobelost,誰losttime不明確。）

7.在betodo結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不定式通常應(yīng)用主動(dòng)表主動(dòng)，被

動(dòng)表被竊。然而，由于古英語的影響，下歹。動(dòng)詞rent,blameJet窖機(jī)

用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

例Whoistoblameforstartingthefire?

六、介詞in,on,under等+名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動(dòng)意義

表示方位的介詞與含動(dòng)作意義的名詞合用，含被動(dòng)之義，其

意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞。

1.“under+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示"某事在進(jìn)行中”。竇見的有：

undercontrol（受控制），undertreatment（在治療中）,under

repair（在修理中）,underdiscussion（在討論中）,under

construction（在施工中）。

例Thebuildingisunderconstruction（isbeing

constructed）.

2."beyond+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，"出乎勝過……、范圍、限度”。

常見的有：beyondbelief（令人難以置信），beyondone*sreach

（鞭長奠及），beyondone^control（美法控制），beyondour

hope.我初的成功始料示及。

例Therumourisbeyondbelief（=can,tbebelieved）.

、3.“above+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“（品質(zhì)、行為、能力等）超過……、

局于..

例Hishonestcharacterisaboveallpraise.=Hishonest

charactercannotbepraisedenough.

4."for+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示"適于為著."。如：forsale（出

售）,forrent（出租）等。

例Thathouseisforsale.（=Thathouseistobesold）.

5.“in+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示"在過程中或范圍內(nèi)”常見的有：

inprint（在印刷中），insight（在視野范圍內(nèi)），等。

例Thebookisnotyetinprint.（=isnotyetprinted）

6.“on+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示"在從事……中”。清見的有：on

sale（出售），onshow（展出）,ontrial（受審）。

例Todaysometreasuresareonshowinthemuseum（=are

beingshowed）.

7.“outof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；表示"超出之外“，常見的有：

outofcontrol（控制不了）,outofsight（超出視線之外），outof

one'sreach（夠不著）,outoffashion（不流行）等。

例Theplanewasoutofcontrol（cantbecontrolled）.。

8."within+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，"在內(nèi)、不超過”。

例Hetooktwodaysoffwithintheteacher'spermission

被動(dòng)語態(tài)習(xí)題

1.Ifcitynoisesfromincreasing,peopleshouttobe

heardevenatdinner.

A.arenotkept；willhavetoB.arenotkept；have

C.donotkeep；willhavetoD.donotkeep；haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,

areandperfectednow.

A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.—thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

—Yes,italldependsontheweather.

A.I'vebeentoldB.I'vetoldC.I'mtoldD.Itold

4.1needonemorestampbeforemycollection

A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.

iscompleted

5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywill

disappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut

6.Thenewsuspensionbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.

A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesigned

C.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned

7.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit

A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken

8.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories

A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup

B.havetakenplace;havebeensetup

C.havetakenplace;havesetup

D.weretakenplace;weresetup

9.Thatsuitover60dollars.

A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost

10.…Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.

…What'stheprettysmallhousethat_for?

A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding

11.Doyoulikethematerial?

Yes,it_verysoft.

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

12.ItisdifficultforaforeignerChinese.

A.writeB.towriteC.tobewrittenD.written

13.1havenomoreletters,thankyou.

A.totypeB.typingC.tobetypedD.typed

14.Takecare!Don'tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit

easily.

A.won'twashoutB.won'tbewashedout

Cisn'twashedoutD.isn'twashingout

15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethe

lightshappenedto

A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout

16.Thecomputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.

A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto

17.…Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

Oh,excellent.Itsworth___asecondtime.

A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread

18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed

A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch

19.Thispageneeded_again.

A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked

20._manytimes,theboystilldidn'tknowhowtodothe

exercises

A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.

Teaching

21)Itissaidthatanewrobotbyhiminafewdays.

A)designedB)hasbeendesigned

C)willbedesignedD)willhavebeendesigned

22)Wearelate.Iexpectthefilmbythetimewegetto

thecinema.

A)willalreadyhavestartedB)wouldalreadyhave

started

C)shallhavealreadystartedD)hasalreadybeen

started

23)Shewillstopshowingoffifnonoticeofher.

A)istakenB)takesC)willbetakenD)has

taken

24)DiamondinBrazilin1971.

A)isfoundB)hasbeenfound

C)wasfoundD)hadbeenfound

25)“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”uNotyet.The

room

A)hasbeenpaintedB)ispainted

C)paintsD)isbeingpainted

26)MypicturesuntilnextFriday.

A)won'tdevelopB)aren'tdeveloped

C)don'tdevelopD)won'tbedeveloped

27)Timsincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.

A)hadbeenunemployedB)wasunemployed

C)hasbeenunemployedD)hasunemployed

28)Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversitiessince

1949.

A)hasbeenestablishB)havebeenestablished

C)haveestablishedD)hadbeenestablished

29)I'llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecause

weifweleaveithere.

A)wouldbefinedB)willbefined

C)willbeingfinedD)willhavebeenfined

30)“twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatre

onSaturday.Shallwegoandseeittogether?"

A)TheyhavebeengivenB)Ihavebeengiven

C)IamgivenD)Theyhavegiventome

31)Thesubjectoftheselecturesbythelecture

committee.

A)isannouncedB)havebeenannounced

C)areannouncedD)hasbeenannounced

32)Ifoundanaspirinbottledroppedonthefloorof

David'sroom.

A)wasB)hadC)hadbeenD)is

33)Thegoodswhenwearrivedattheairport.

A)werejustunloadingB)werejustbeenunloading

C)hadjustunloadedD)werejustbeingunloaded

34)Ifonebypride,hewillrejectusefuladviceand

friendlyassistance.

A)overcomesB)isovercome

C)hasbeenovercomeD)overcome

35)Mostenvironmentproblemsexistbecauseadequate

measuresforpreventingthemtakeninthepast.

A)wasnotB)werenotC)werenotbeingD)

hadnotbeen

36)Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator,now

sour.

A)IsmellB)itissmeltC)itsmellsD)itis

smelling

37)Aftertherace,thecelebrationbegan.

A)hadbeenwonB)iswonC)willbewon

D)hasbeenwon

38)Hewashereforalittlewhile,butIdon'tknowwhere

shenow.

A)isB)wasC)hadbeenD)hasbeen

39)Theyoungteacherhascompetent.

A)beenprovedtobeB)provedtobe

C)beenprovedD)provedbeing

40)Pluto,theoutermostplanetofthesolarsystem,

photographicallyinMarch1930.

A)discoveredB)wasdiscovered

C)bydiscoveryD)whendiscovered

41)Togetabetterviewofthestage,

A)ourseatshadtobechangedB)ourseatswere

changed

C)wehadtochangeourseatsD)ourseatswere

changedbyus

42)Aftersynthetic,engineershadabetterchoiceof

material.

A)createdB)hascreated

C)hasbeencreatedD)hadbeencreated

43)Ithinkmuchattentionyourpronunciation.

A)mustbepaidtoB)oughttobepaidto

C)mustpaytoD)shouldbepaidto

44)Since1970,millionsofenthusiastsVitaminC,which

theybelievecanremedythecommoncold.

A)havetakenB)havebeentaken

C)havebeentakingD)havebeentaking

45)Idon'trememberthechancetotrythismethod.

A)havingbeengivenB)tohavebeengiven

C)havinggivenD)tohavegiven

46)Wecouldasksomeonetodotheworkprivatelywithout

it

A)knowB)beknownC)beingknownD)to

beknown

47)Theconstructionofthelaboratorybytheendof

nextmonth.

A)mustbecompletedB)musthavebeencompleted

C)willbecompletingD)willhavebeencompleting

48)TheywouldtellhowtheAfricanonashiptoan

Americanport.

A)wasbroughtB)couldhavebeenbrought

C)hadbeenbroughtD)wastobebrought

49)Hedoesnotpossessabicycle,thisoneheusesto

Peter.

A)isbelongedtoB)belongedC)belongsD)

isbelonging

50)NegotiationagainwithMoscowtomorrow,agreat

eventwillbediscussedthen.

A)istobeopenedB)isonthepointofopening

C)isgoingtoopenD)opens

51)Thereasonforallthechangesbeingmadetousyet.

A)hasnotexplainedB)hasnotbeenexplained

C)didnotexplainedD)werenotexplained

52)Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects

inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1900.

A)wereconductingB)wereconducted

C)hadbeenconductedD)hadconducted

53)Whenheturnedthecorner,hefoundhimselfbya

maninblack.

A)tailedB)beentailedC)wastailedD)had

beentailed

54)Acandidateforthedemocraticpresidentialnomination

atthismoment.

A)isinterviewingB)beinginterviewed

C)isbeinginterviewedD)interviewing

55)Asweapproachedtheworksite,theworkerswereseen

thenewhouse.

A)buildingB)buildC)builtD)tobuild

56)Asweknow,alltheregulationsinschool.

A)mustkeeptoB)mustbekept

C)mustkeepD)mustbekeptup

57)Thecompositionanymore.

A)neednottobecorrectedB)doesn'tneedtobe

corrected

C)doesn'tneedbecorrectedD)neednotcorrect

58)Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaperin

broaddaylightyesterday

A)toberobbedB)tohavekeenrobbed

C)robbedD)havingbeenrobbed

59)Hurryup,orthetickets_outbythetimewegetthere.

A)willhavesoldB)willsell

C)havesoldD)willhavebeensold

60)Hecleanedtheglassescarefullyforfearthatit,

A)wasdamagedB)shouldbedamaged

C)damagedD)wouldbedamaged

被動(dòng)語態(tài)習(xí)題

key1-5ACADC6-10BCBDA

11-15CBCAD16-20DCCDB

被動(dòng)語態(tài)部分練習(xí)題答案:

1)C2)A3)A4)C5)D6)D7)C8)B9)B10)Bll)D12)C13)D

14)B15)B16)C17)A18)A19)B20)B21)C22)D23)A24)C

25)A26)C27)A28)C29)C30)A31)B32)C33)A34)C35)A36)B

37)B38)B39)D40)B

2010中考英語100條重點(diǎn)短語歸納

1.?down:

putdown放下shutdown把…關(guān)上

cutdown砍掉comedown下來、落下

slowdown減緩、放慢sitdown坐下

writedown寫下getdown下來，降落

2.after?:

afterall畢竟.終究afterthat于是.然后

dayafterday日復(fù)一日地

oneafteranother相繼.挨次

soonafter不久以后

thedayaftertomorrow后天

3.~up(with):

comeupwith找至I」、提出

catchupwith趕上wakeup弄醒、酉星來

sendup發(fā)射openup開設(shè)、開辦

growup長大pickup拾起、撿起

handsup舉手eatup吃光cleanup打掃干凈

giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth,放棄伯攵某事

4.到達(dá):

arriveat/in+n.（地方）

=getto+n.（地方）

=reach+n.（地方）

=arrive/get+adv.（地方）

5.?back:

get…back退還，送I回去.取I口Igiveback歸還

comeback回來atthebackof在…的后面

ontheway（back）home在叵1家路上

6.at~:

atleast至少atbreakfast早餐時(shí)

atdesk在桌前atonce立刻，馬上

atschool在上學(xué)atthedoctor's在醫(yī)務(wù)室

atwork在工作atnight在晚上atnoon中午

begoodat=dowellin善長bebadat不善長

laughat嘲笑not…atall?點(diǎn)也不

attheageof在...歲時(shí)atfirst起初

atlast=intheend=finaHv最后、終于

atthebeginningof(the21stcentury)在21世紀(jì)初atthe

endof在…終點(diǎn)、結(jié)尾

atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)atthefootof在…腳下

atthemoment=now現(xiàn)在

atanymoment任何時(shí)候

attimes(sometimes)有時(shí)，偶爾

atthesametime同時(shí)

7.for~:

forexample例如forever永遠(yuǎn)

begoodfor又寸…有益bebadfor又寸…有害

forlong=foralongtime長期

forshort簡稱beshortfor是…的簡稱

8.come~:

cometrue實(shí)王見comedown下來

comefrom=befrom來自,出生于

comein/into進(jìn)入，進(jìn)來comeon趕快，力U油

comeover過來comealong走吧，過來，快點(diǎn)

comeandgo來來去去comeup上來

comeout出來，（花）開，（照片）沖洗出來

9.even~：

eventhough=evenif即使、雖然、盡管

10.be~with/?of:

bepleasedwith對...感至U滿意

becoveredwith被…覆蓋

beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事

beproudof以...自豪beafraidof害怕

speakhighlyof稱贊

hearof聽說/（hearfromsb.收到I某人的來信）

ofcause=certainly當(dāng)然可以

plentyof=alotof許多

11.by~:

bytheway順便說byoneself單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自

bytheendof至U...為至onebyone依次

bvthetime（引起時(shí)間狀語從句）到…的時(shí)候

byair/plane乘飛機(jī)

bybus/train/car乘公共汽車/火車/轎車

相關(guān)：catchabus趕公交車

geton/offthebus上/下車

takeabusto...=goto...bybus乘車去...

12.do?:

do./tryone'sbest盡力

doone'shomework做家庭作業(yè)

do(the/some)shopping購物

dothecooking飪dosomecleaning打掃

dothe/somewashing洗衣服dosport做運(yùn)動(dòng)

dowithsb/sth.處理welldone干得好

13.early?:

intheearlymorning一大早

intheearlyspring初春earlybus早班車

inmyearlydays我幼年時(shí)期

14.~to:

makeacontributionto貢獻(xiàn)給、捐獻(xiàn)

makeatelephonecalltosb.=ringsb.up

=givesb.acall=phonesb.給某人打Eiji'S

connectAtoB把A與B連接起來

becloseto靠近（某地）givebirthto生（孩子）

losetosb輸給sb.

15.either?:

either...or…或者...或者..

oneithersideofthestreet街道任何一邊/（oneachsideof

thestreet街道每一邊onbothsidesofthestreet街道兩邊）

16.?doingsth.:

keepdoingsth.不停地做某事（不間斷的連續(xù)）

keepondoingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事（有間斷的連續(xù)）

practisedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事

enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事

finishdoingsth.做完某事

goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事（同一件事）

17.go?:

goontodosth.接著做某事（另,事）

gostraightalong沿著直往前走

goup/downI：升/下降goforawalk散步

goover復(fù)習(xí)goshopping買東西

gotothecinema去看也影gowell進(jìn)展順利

gooffto=leavefor動(dòng)身（出發(fā)）前往...

gotowork去上班wantago想試一試

18.?about:

talkabouti炎論worryabout二旦心'

How/Whatabout...?…怎么樣?

thinkabout考慮

相關(guān)：thinkof認(rèn)為、想起、考慮、想到

thinkover仔細(xì)考慮thinkout想出

19.?from:

fromdoortodoor挨家挨戶

fromtimetotime時(shí)時(shí)

fromnowon從今以后fromthenon從那以后

bedifferentfrom與...不同

learn...from…向...學(xué)習(xí)

borrow...from…從...借

相關(guān)：lend…to…和!…借給…

2O.get~:

getdressed穿衣getinto進(jìn)入

get/belost丟失getoff/on下/上車

getonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好

getoutof從...出來getwarm變曖

getreadyfor+n.為...做準(zhǔn)備

getreadytodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事

getwell康復(fù)getachance有機(jī)會(huì)、得到機(jī)會(huì)

get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡

相關(guān)：（beasleep睡著）

21.look~:

lookfor尋找waitfor等|所

lookafter=takecareof照看

looklike看起來像lookthesame看起來一樣

lookover檢查，復(fù)習(xí)lookthrough溫習(xí)，檢查

lookout小心，從里向外看lookup向上看，查單詞

lookaround環(huán)視lookforwardto期望

22.?off:

setoff出發(fā)、動(dòng)身putoff推遲turnoff關(guān)

takeoff脫（衣）,（飛機(jī)）起飛jumpoff跳離

keepoff避開、不靠近…dropoff放下（某物）

23.half-:

halfakilo半千克halfanhour半小時(shí)

inhalf分成兩半halfofthedav半天

24.?exercise：

doeye/morningexercises做眼保健/早操

take(more)exercise(多)參加I體育鍛煉

anexercisebook練習(xí)本

25.?in:

takepartin參力口handin上交

inhospital住院insurprise吃驚地

inthesun在陽光下introuble處于困境

inaminute./moment馬上

26.?on:

feedon以…為主食liveon繼續(xù)活著

baseon以...為根據(jù)carryon堅(jiān)持、繼續(xù)下去

andsoon等等ontheotherhand另一方面

onfoot步行

28.be?介詞:

befamousfor以..著名beborn出生

beexcitedabout+n./V-ing對…感至U興奮

beinterestedin對...感興趣

beamazedat對..感到，驚訝

bebusywithsth.=bebusydoingsth」忙于...

29.move?:

moveaway移開moveto（搬）移到…

30.上網(wǎng):

searchtheInternet上網(wǎng)

31.make?:

makesure確信makeadialogue編對話

makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤(bymistake由于疏忽)

makeanoise吵鬧makefaces做鬼臉

makefriends(with)和..交朋友

makeroomfor給..讓地方maketea沏茶

makemoney賺錢makeadecision作出決定

32.use~:

usedtodosth過去常常做某事

beusedtodoingsth,習(xí)慣于做某事

33.丟三落四:

leavesth+介詞短語(insomeplace)把…落在某處

34.~todosth.:

forgettodosth.忘記去做某事

encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事，

decidetodosth.決定做某事

allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事

35.hear?:

hearsb.todosth.=hearsb.doingsth,聽見某人(正在)做某事

36.~withsth.:

helpsb.(to)dosth.=helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事

withone'shelp在某人的幫助下

withpleasure樂意

37.寒/暑假:

thesummerholiday⑸暑假

thewinterholiday⑸寒假

38.~into:

stepinto走進(jìn)pourinto倒入...

39.?first:

inthefirst第一forthefirsttime第——次

atfirst起初a