浙江高考英語(yǔ)新題型“概要寫(xiě)作”

新題型之概要寫(xiě)作Summary2021/5/91whatthesummarywritingisthecriteriaofagoodsummaryhowtowriteagoodsummary1235Afterthisclass,youwillbeabletoknow:2021/5/92《普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)科考試說(shuō)明》概要寫(xiě)作：提供一篇350詞以?xún)?nèi)的短文，要求考生基于該短文寫(xiě)出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。（滿(mǎn)分25分）詞數(shù)少于40的和多余80的，從總分中減去2分2021/5/93評(píng)分原則1、本題總分為25分，按5個(gè)檔次給分。2、評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)所寫(xiě)概要的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。3、詞數(shù)少于40的和多于80的，從總分中減去2分。2021/5/94評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)主要從以下四個(gè)方面考慮：

(1)對(duì)原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況； (2)應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性； (3)上下文的連貫性； (4)對(duì)各要點(diǎn)表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性情況；2021/5/952021/5/962021/5/97Narration（記敘文）Exposition（說(shuō)明文）FormsofLiteratureArgumentation(議論文）2021/5/98Argumentation(議論文）TopicSupportingideasConclusion2021/5/99概要寫(xiě)作（滿(mǎn)分25分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。(Para1)Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,

thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.2021/5/910(Para2)Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardanger

wasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.So

didthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirt

inafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakena

bath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

(Para3)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighbor

eversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshave

movedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

(Para4)Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,an

Americanimmunologist(免疫學(xué)家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.2021/5/911ThereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirtStep1:Read①topicsentence:②structureFindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraphthink,believe,consider,regard,argue,support,beconvincedthat,inone’sopinion,fromone’spointofviewYoumayneedtopayattentiontosomewordslike:2021/5/912

Para2:Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardanger

wasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.So

didthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirt

inafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakena

bath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

ExamplesofsomeEuropeancountries2021/5/913(Para3)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighbor

eversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshave

movedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

2021/5/914(Para4)Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,an

Americanimmunologist(免疫學(xué)家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.2021/5/915Step2:Makeanoutline

Topic:Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirtsuppor-tingIdeas(Para2)(Para3)nowadays(Para4)

Inthe16thcenturysince18thcenturyPeoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease…h(huán)asnolongerbeenregardedas…cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth…encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system2021/5/916

Step3:Rewritethesentencesinotherways

①Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.different,mixed,various反義轉(zhuǎn)換opinions,views,ideas同義詞替換▲People’sattitudestodirtvaryindifferenttimes.towards句型轉(zhuǎn)換▲Peopleholddifferentopinionstowardsdirtovertime.

▲Theattitudestodirtisnotalwaysthesame.2021/5/917②Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease.Haveatry!2021/5/918②Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease.think:believe,hold,consider,insist,argue,areconvincedthat….同義詞替換blockoutdisease:prevent/protect/keepaway…fromillness;Onepossibleversion:②Inthe16thcentury,peoplebelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.2021/5/919③….dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.washoff,getridofbenefit,isbeneficialto,dogoodto,contributeto…Onepossibleversion:③Peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.2021/5/920④Nowadays,…encouragespeopletoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system.④Onepossibleversion:Nowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.Peopleareencouragedto…語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換beexposedto..believe,support,agree,approve….2021/5/921①Peopleholdmixedopinions

towardsdirtonourskin.②Inthe16thcentury,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.③Peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtmorethan200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.④Nowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.However,Nevertheless/But/However③people

AddtwolinkingwordstomakethepassagecoherentStep4:Makethesummarycoherent④nowadays,

2021/5/922Step5:Revise(67words)Peopleholdmixedopinions

towardsdirtonourskin.Inthe16thcentury,peopleofsomeEuropeancountriesbelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.Butnowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.2021/5/923Step6:Clearlycopyyourdrafttothepaper2021/5/924Howtowriteasummary(argumentation)1.Read2.Makeanoutline

3.Rewrite4.Makeitcoherent5.Revise6.neatlycopy-Topic,structure,keysupportingsentences2021/5/925HomeworkFinishthesummarywritingofthefollowingPassage2021/5/926閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergetic(充滿(mǎn)活力的)thewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions(條件).Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.2021/5/927

Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefit(受益)alotfromit.2021/5/928Gettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitandveryimportant,becauseinthemorningwecanhaveabettermemory,healthierbodiesandbetterpreparationfortheday.Inaddition,morningexercisecanhelpuskeephealthy.So,itisbeneficialtous.參考范文2021/5/929Itisimportanttogetupearlyforpeople.Inthemorning,peoplecanexercisetheirbodiesthroughwalkingtokeephealthy.Also,people’smemorywillimprove.Besides,peoplecanmakeagoodpreparation/planforthemselves,sotheywillhaveenoughtimetodoeverything.Inaword,gettingupearlyisbeneficialtous.參考范文2021/5/930Gettingu