中考英語任務(wù)型閱讀理解的解題技巧

任務(wù)型閱讀理解的解題技巧

新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)倡導(dǎo)任務(wù)型的教學(xué)模式，讓學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下，通過感知、體

驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐，參與和合作等方式，實(shí)現(xiàn)任務(wù)的目標(biāo)，感受成功，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中進(jìn)行

情感和策略調(diào)整，以形成積極的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度，促進(jìn)語言實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的提高。這就

要求教師依據(jù)課程的總體目標(biāo)并結(jié)合教學(xué)內(nèi)容，靈活地和有創(chuàng)造性地使用教材.，

設(shè)計(jì)貼近學(xué)生實(shí)際的教學(xué)活動(dòng)，吸引和組織他們積極參與，并在此過程中培養(yǎng)發(fā)

展學(xué)生用英語解決實(shí)際問題的能力和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神。讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)用英語做

事，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的交際能力。任務(wù)型教學(xué)中包含的一個(gè)很重要的組成部分就是任務(wù)

型閱讀。

那么到底怎樣完成此類題目呢？

1.認(rèn)真審題，讀懂題意

由于題目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會(huì)要求完成不同的任務(wù)，因此解題

前要先明確任務(wù)，做到心中有數(shù)。

2.快速閱讀，掌握大意

在做題時(shí)要快速掃視一下文章的大意，然后結(jié)合前面的題目的要求，大致明白所

要完成的任務(wù)。

3.細(xì)讀題目，完成任務(wù)

在明白題意和文章意思的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求，在原文找出問題題

干所包括的信息部分，這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信息,確保答題的準(zhǔn)確性。

如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題，則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，切不可

脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮。

4.復(fù)讀文章，核實(shí)任務(wù)

在初步完成所要求的任務(wù)以后，學(xué)生必須再仔細(xì)閱讀所提供的短文，結(jié)合題意、

文章和文后提供的任務(wù)信息、認(rèn)真核實(shí)任務(wù)以保證答題正確。

5.注意讀寫結(jié)合

任務(wù)型閱讀不僅考查學(xué)生閱讀理解層面的能力，更加注重考查學(xué)生"寫''的能力。

若是寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確，詞形、詞性有無變化，是否需要大寫；若所要

完成的是短語或句子成分，則需謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待，依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句

子成分，需用什么樣的表達(dá)方式，不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。

總之，任務(wù)型閱讀理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解，它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間，教

師應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新課改的要求，掌握任務(wù)型閱讀理解的特點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)學(xué)生任務(wù)型閱讀能

力的培養(yǎng)。

近年來考查任務(wù)型閱讀常見的題型主要有以下兒種：

一、根據(jù)短文意思，補(bǔ)充句子。

Mr.Scottworkedinamiddleschool.Hereadalot.Hetaughtwellandcould

answerallthequestionshisstudentsasked.Andtheylikedhimverymuch.One

Sundaymorning,whenhewasdressinghislittleson,Jimmy,theboysuddenlyasked,

“MayIaskyouaquestion,Dad?”"Ofcourseyoucan,“answeredMr.Scott."Areyou

surethatyoucananswerit?”"Certainly.”"Well,“saidJimmy,“Arethereanyholes

inyoursocks?^^“Holes?”Mr.Scottsaidinsurprise."It'simpossible."Lookatthem

carefully,oryou'llbewrong!”Mr.Scotttookoffhissocksandlookedatthem

carefullybutdidn'tfindanythingwrong.

“No,there5snoholeinthem,^^saidMr.Scott.boughtthemonlylastweek.”

“Howcanyouputyourfeetintothem,then?”LittleJimmysaidwithasmile.Atfirst

Mr.Scottdidn'tknowwhattosay.Afterawhilehebegantolaughwitharedface.

根據(jù)短文意思，將下列句子補(bǔ)充完整。每空一詞。

l.Mr.Scottwasainaschool.

2.Hissonwasvery,sohecouldn'tdresshimself.

3.Mr.Scotttofindiftherewereholesinhissocks.

4.IntheendMr.Scottthathissonhadplayedajokeonhim.

5.FromJimmy'sjokewecansaythathewasaboy.

二、根據(jù)文章完成表格

WorldAnimalDayisadayforanyonewholovesanimals.ItfallsonOctober4

everyyear.ThedateistorememberanItalianmannamedSt.Francis.Heasked

peopletothankanimalsonOctober4.

WorldAnimalDaywasstartedin1931atameetingofecologists（生態(tài)學(xué)家）in

Florence.Sincethenithasbeenwidelycelebratedincountriesthroughouttheworld.

Onthisspecialday,peoplethroughouttheworldholdspecialactivitiesto

encourageeverybodytoshowtheirlovetoanimals.Theydosomethingspecialtolet

peopleknowtheimportanceofanimalsintheworld.Peoplealsoholdactivitiesto

encouragepeopletothinkabouthowweshouldtreatanimals.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成表格。

WorldAdayfbranyonewho_1

AnimalDayanimals.

2TorememberSt.Francis.

everyyear

WorldStarted3inFlorence.

AnimalDay

PeopleInordertoshowtheimportanceof

do4animals.

PeopleThinkabouthow5animals.

intheworld

三、把句子還原到文章中

閱讀短文，從方框內(nèi)選擇合適的答案補(bǔ)全短文（10分）

Birthdaysarestrangethings.Themoreyouhave,themoreyoutryandpretendthey

don*tmatter,andthemore1.I'mnotreallysurewhytheythinkso.It'strue

thatyouaregettingolder,butas2,“Whoisn'tgettingolderevery

day?”Theproblemmaybethatabirthdayremindspeopleofallthethings

3，buthavenot.Icertainlyunderstandthatfeeling,thoughIthink4

thatImostwanttodo一akindofpersonalreordering（重新排序）ofthetodolist.

Whatmakesyoudepressed（有悶的）onyourbirthdayisthatyourealizeyour

reorderedtodolistisexactlythesameasitwaslastyear.Thatmakesyoufeel

5，andnotbeenanywhere.Ihavenothadthatexperiencethisyear.Ilookback

atwhereIwaslastyearandfindthingshavechangedsincethen.

A.Theythinktheyshouldhavedone.

B.Youhavedonenothing.

C.Peopletryandtellyouthattheyarenotsobad.

D.Someonejustsaidtome.

E.Itisthetimetorememberthethings.

四、綜合任務(wù)型閱讀閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)文后要求答題。（10分）

（DIn_the_United_States_people_sometimes_go_camping_for_vacation.

Insteadofstayingatmodernhotelsandrestaurants,theyliveinthewoodsanddo

everythingforthemselvesforafewdaystorelax.

Whenyouarecamping,youmakeallofyourownfood.Itisratherlikealarge,

manydaypicnic.Barbeques（烤肉架）areverycommonwhilecamping.Youcanbring

meatandvegetablestothecamp.Tomakeafire,youcanfindorbringyourown

woodandlightitwithalighter（打火機(jī)）.

②Remembertoputstonesaroundthefiresothatitjwon't

gettoobiganddangerous!Whenthefireisready,youcancookfoodover

it.Besidesmeatandvegetables,youcanalsocookmarshmallows（果醬軟糖）with

thefire.

Childrenreallylikethisactivityatnight.Thewholefamilysitaroundthefire,eat

marshmallows,anddrinkhotchocolate一especiallywhenitiscoldoutside!

Everyonecansingcampingsongsanddancetogether.

Campingisafunactivityforthefamilytodo.

Vacationdoesnothavetomeangoingtovisitfarawayplaces,itcouldbeassimpleas

settingupatentinanearbyforest!

1.WheredoAmericansgocamping?

2.Whydotheyputstonesaroundthefire?

3.將畫線部分①翻譯成漢語。

4.將畫線部分②翻譯成漢語。

5.給文章擬?個(gè)標(biāo)題。

實(shí)戰(zhàn)（1）

閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（4）

KennyandBobbiMcCaugheyliveinlowa.Theyhaveabigfamily.Mikaylaisthe

oldestchildinthefamily.Sheissixyearsold.TheotherchildrenareBrandon,Joel,

Kelsey,Kenny,Natalie,AlexisandNathan.Theyareallfiveyearsold.Whyare

theyallthesameage?1.Theyareseptuplets!

Itishardworktolookaftersevenbabiesatthesametime.2Inthebeginning,

manypeoplehelpedthem.

Theyhelpedtofeed,clean,anddressthebabies.Everyweek,theseptupletsused

about170diapers（尿布）！3.

Nowthechildrenareolder.Theseptupletsstartedschoolthisyear.Buttheygoto

schoolathome,liketheirbigsister,Mikayla.WhenMikaylawasreadyforschool,

KennyandBobbidecidedtoteachherathome.4.NowBobbiistheteacherfor

alleightofherchildren.

A.Theydrankalotofmilk,too.

B.Becausetheywereborntogether.

C.Lastyear,BobbiewasMikayla'steacher.

D.KennyandBobbieareinterestedincooking.

E.ButKennyandBobbiedidn?tlookafterthemalone

閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whenhis18thbirthdaywascoming,theyoungmanbeganthinkingaboutlooking

forajob.61,“But,mostgotnoreply,“hesaid."Maybetheyweresurprised

aboutmyprimaryschooleducation.^^

Bychance,oneofhisfriendswaslookingforsomeone,whocouldworkasanegg

porter（搬運(yùn)工）inthesupermarket.Facinglotsofdifficultiesingettingajob,hesaid,

"I'lltakeit."62.Hedidthatforthreemonths.

Later,heheardthatanewspaperwaslookingforanetworktechnician（網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)

員）,soheaskedforit.63.Hepracticedhisskillrightinfrontofthecomputer,

andshowedthemthewebpageshehaddesigned.Hestartedtoworkthenextday,and

becamethedirectorinlessthanayear.

64.InJanuary2005,hestartedamagazineforchildren,withhimselfasthe

editorinchief（主編）.

A.Helikeshisjobverymuch

B.Andnow,the23-year-oldmanisaboss

C.Theneverydayherodehisbicycletogotowork

D.Sohesentresumes（簡歷）tomanycompanies

E.Buttheywerealsoworriedabouthisschooleducation

閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（共8分，每小題2分）

In1975,JunkoTabeibecamethefirstwomantoreachthetopofMountEverestin

theHimalayaMountains,thehighestmountainintheworldat29,035feet.

Junkowasbornin1939andgrewupinasmalltowninJapan.Duringher

childhood,shewasthinandweak.61Thestudentsclimbedtwomountains,

andJunkolovedit.Shecouldclimbinherowntimeandability.

AfterJunkograduatedfromuniversityin1962,shejoinedseveralclimbing

clubs.62Somerefusedtoclimbwithawoman.In1965,Junkomarrieda

well-knownJapaneseclimber.Overtheyears,theyclimbedallthehighestmountains

ofJapan.

MeanwhileJunkostartedawoman'sclimbingclub.By1972,shewaschosento

leadateamofwomentoclimbMountEverest.Ittookthreeyearsforthe15women

totrainandraisemoneyfortheirclimb.

63.Theyfoundnineguidestohelpthemclimbupthemountain.

EverythingwentwelluntilthemorningofMay4.Suddenlyahugeamountofsnow

andicefellonthem.OneguidesavedJunko.Sherushedtohelpothers.Everyonewas

alivebuttheyhadinjuries,includingJunko.64.Abouttwoweekslater,on

May16,JunkoreachedthetopofMountEverest.Latershesaid,“Ican'tunderstand

whymenmakeallthisfuss（過于關(guān)注）aboutEverest-it'sonlyamountain.

A.Buttheyhadmostlymenmembers

B.However,theteamdecidedtocontinuetheirclimb

C.Atage10,Junkowentonaschooltrip

D.Sotheystoppedgoingonclimbingatonce

E.Finallyin1975,theteamwenttoclimbthemountain

（1）

Cambridge（僉！j橋）isoneofthetopuniversitiesintheworld,andit'sacityas

well,Tothesurpriseofsomevisitors,therearenowallsaroundthe

university.Classroombuildings,librariesandofficescanbeseenalloverthe

city.Mostofthemembersofthecityarethestudentsandteachersofthirty-one

colleges（學(xué)院）.Itgotitsname"Cambridge"fromtherivercalledCamandabridge

builtoverit.Beforetheuniversitywasfounded800yearsago,Cambridgewasa

developingtown.Itdevelopedfasterbecauseoftheopeningoftherailwayand

becameacityin1951.Nowithasapopulationofmorethanonemillion.Manyyoung

studentshopeforthechancetostudyatCambridge.Perhapsyoullbeamemberof

Cambridgeoneday.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下表。

The]ofsomevisitorsNowallsaroundthe

university

Theorigin（來源）ofitsnameRiverCamanda

bridge2it

ThetimewhenCambridge800yearsago

was3

The4whyCambridgeTheopeningofthe

developedfasterrailway

ThepopulationofCambridge5thanonemillion

now

（2）

（2011?天津）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格。

AnAmericannamedCruminventedpotatochipsin1853,althoughthatwasnothis

intention（意圖）.Hewasachef（廚師長）atabeautifulrestaurantinSaratogaSprings,

NewYork.Aregulardishonthemenuwasfried（油炸的）potatoes,whichwasan

ideathathadstartedinFrance.Atthattime,Frenchfriedpotatoeswerecutintothick

slices（片）.

Oneday,adinnerguestattherestaurantsentbackhisfriedpotatoestothechef

becausehedidnotlikethem

sothick.SoMrCrumcutthepotatoesalittlethinnerandfriedthem.Theguestdidnot

likethoseeither.ThatmadeMrCrumangry,sohethoughthewouldjustshowthe

man.Heslicedthepotatoespaperthinandfriedthem,thinkingthatthemanwould

saynothingaboutit.However,tohissurprise,themanlovedthethinpotatoesvery

much.Othergueststriedthemandalsolikedthem.So,MrCrum'spotatochipswere

addedtothemenu.TheywerecalledSaratogaChips.

Finally,MrCrumopenedhisownrestauranttosellhisfamouschips.Nowpotato

chipsarepackaged(包裝)andsoldinstores._______________________

Whoinvented]?

2wasanAmericanchefatarestaurant.

Adinnerguest3hisfriedpotatoestothechefbecausetheywereso

thick.

Thech