2021屆常州市市北實驗高級中學(xué)高三英語第四次聯(lián)考試卷及答案

2021屆常州市市北實驗高級中學(xué)高三英語第四次聯(lián)考試卷及答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ASomeoftheworld’smosttalentedmusicianshaveplayedconcertsatLincolnCenter.OnSeptember10,thecenterhostedauniqueclassofstarmusicians:kidsandteens.TheyoungplayersarepartoftheWorldPeaceOrchestra,orWPO.ThegrouphelditsfirstMusicforPeaceconcertinNewYorkCity,with134studentsfrommorethan60countriestakingpart.Musicianswerechosenfromallovertheworld.TheWorldPeaceOrchestrabeganin2013.Thenonprofitgroupbringskidstogetherusingthecommonlanguageofmusic.Tobeconsideredfortheorchestra,studentsfirsthadtoberecommendedbytheirteachersandthenauditiononlineforagroupofjudges.Oncechosen,professionalmusiciansandteachersthenworkedwiththeplayerstoimprovetheirskills.Someoftheyoungmusiciansplayedclassicalinstruments,suchasviolinsandflutes.Othersplayedinstrumentsuniquetotheirhomecountry.Forexample,AmoldMugo,16,fromKenya,playedaninstrumentcalledthedjembe.ThedrumisoriginallyfromWestAfrica.Mugosaidhewasshockedwhenhelearnedhewaschosenfortheorchestra.“Ican’texpresshowIfelt.Iwasrollingonthefloor.It’saonceinalifetimeopportunity,”hesaid.AdomasHendrixson,13,fromLithuania,playedpianofortheWPO.BeforetheNewYorkCityperformance,Hendrixsontalkedaboutwhathehopedtotakeawayfromtheevent.“Funandjoy--peoplesmilingandclapping,”hesaid.“ThisisoneoftheonlytimesinyourlifethiscouldhappenandI'mveryexcited.”MugosayshisfavoritepartoftheWPOismakingnewfriendsfromaroundtheworld.“IhopewhenIgohome,IjusttakealittlebitofeveryfriendthatImadehere--Brazil,Portugal,Queens,”Mugosaid,“IhopethatItakepartoftheirculturehomewithmesoIunderstandthemmore.”WhoismostlikelytohaveplayedfortheWPOaccordingtothispassage?LiMing,16,astudentfromChina.Daniel,44,ajudgefromAmerica.Edward,21,aclerkfromAustralia.Catherine,32,ateacherfromEngland.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMugo .A.performedbestfortheWPO.haslearnedsomeforeignculture.waseagertobechosenforasecondtime.receivedagreatawardforhisperformance.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?Kidsweregoodatplayingmusic.Mugolikedmakingforeignfriends.ConcertswereplayedatLincolncentre.Youngmusiciansplayedforpeace.BWhenrescuerswerecalledtorescuea“l(fā)ittleowl”,theydidnotexpecttofindonethatwastoofattofly.A

concernedcitizenfirstspottedthepoorbirdlyinghelplessly.EvenRufusSamkin,whoseteamthentooktheteam

inonJan.3,believedthebirdtobeinjured.Therewerenowoundstobefound,however,causingexpertsto

believethefemaleowlwassimplytoowettofly.Butitwasonlyafterathoroughdrying-offandcompletecheckupthattheynotedtherealissue.Therescuers

weighedtheowlandconcludedthatshewas“simplyextremelyobese”andcouldn’ttakeoff.Thisadditional

weightleftherunabletofly,thoughexpertsbegantowonderhowshegotsofatinthefirstplace.Becauseit’s

ratherunusualforwildbirdstoreachsuchastate,theydecidedtokeepherafewweeksandmonitorher.Intheend,therescuersassessedthatitwassimplyacaseof“naturalobesity”.December2019wasquite

warm,whichmeantthatthereweremanyinsectsforthebirdtofeastupon.Indeed,theowlwasdiscoveredina

fieldthatwas“filledwithfieldmice”duetotheusualclimate.“It’sbeenverymildhere,andtheowlisabletofind

foodseasily,”Samkinexplained.Withthesuddenfood,“shelyatemuchandgotveryfat.Shehadalovelytime,

butwenttoofar.”Theresearchersconsequentlyputtheowlona“strictdiet”soshecouldshrinktoamore“naturalweight”.

Shewasevenputonabitofexerciseandencouragedtoflyaround.Intheend,thebirdwassentflyinggracefully

offintotheBritishcountrysideatamuchhealthierandhappierweight.Hopefully,thisowlwon’tcomeupon

anotherfeastoffieldmice—unlessshewantsanotherfewweeksatthefatcamp.Whatdidpeoplethinkhappenedtotheowlatfirst?A.Shewashurt. B.Shewastrapped.C.Shewashungry.D.Shewaswet.Whywasthebirdunabletofly?A.Sheneededathoroughcheckup.B.Sheshouldbegivenadrying-off.C.Shewascompletedoverweight. D.Shewassimplyextremelystrong.Whatmadetheowlhaveenoughfoods?A.Theespeciallywarmweather. B.Thereducingnumberofinsects.C.Therichfieldsgrowingcrops. D.Thelovelytimethebirdenjoyed.Howdidtheowlloseitsweight?A.Goingonadietandexercising. B.FlyingintheBritishcountryside.C.Visitingthatfatcampagain. D.Enjoyingherwonderfulfeastfreely.CSheisoneofmankind’soldestancestorsandismorethanthreemillionyearsold.NewanalysisofthearmbonesofLucy,anearlyhominid,suggestsshewasatreeclimber.Lucy’sremainswereuncoveredinEthiopiainthe1970s,withthe3.18million-year-oldskeleton（骨骼）beingthemostcompleteofanyupright,walkinghumanancestor.Sinceshewasdiscovered,researchershavedebatedwhethershespentherlifeinthetreesorspenttimewalkingontheplainsaswell.Thenewevidencefromscansofherarmbonesprovesshespenttimeclimbingandusedherarmstopullherselfup.Thescanswerecomparedwithcrosssectionsofhumansandchimpanzees,whichspendamixtureoftimeintreesandwalkingonallfoursontheground.Theyfoundthatthearmbonesweremoreheavilybuilt,similartothoseofchimps,whileheHowe門imbs（下肢）wouldhavemeantshewalkedlessefficientlythanmodernhumans.ProfessorJohnKappelman,atUniversityofTexas,believestheadvantageofhisstudywasthatitfocusedoncharacteristicsthatreflectactualbehaviorduringlife,suggestingthatevenwhenLucywalkedupright,shemayhavedonesolessefficientlythanmodernhumans,limitingherabilitytowalklongdistancesontheground.PreviousstudiessuggestedthatLucywasjust4feettallandweighedjust65pounds.Combiningthenewdatapaintsapictureofanancestorwhomayhavespentagreatamountofhertimeintrees.ItalsoexpandsonevidencefromearlierthisyearwhichclaimedthatLucymayhavediedfromafall,mostlikelyfromatree.TheevidencesuggestsLucymayhavespenttimeontheground,returningtothesafetyofthetreesforfoodandtosleep,toavoidherenemies.WhatdidtheresearchersargueaboutafterLucywasdiscovered?A.Whereshelived. B.Howlongshelived.C.Whatsheate. D.Howsheworked.HowcouldpeopletellLucyspenttimeclimbing?A.Byherwalkingstyle. B.Byherheavilybuiltarmbones.C.Byherstronglowerlimbs. D.Byherlargecrosssections.WhenLucywalked,shemay .havewalkedwithbiggerstepshavewalkedatafasterspeedhavewalkedmoreefficientlythanushavewalkedashorterdistancethanusWhatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.GuessesaboutLucy’scharacteristics. B.SomeevidenceofLucy’shealth.C.ThesafetyofLucy. D.TheancestorofLucy.DManyofusinChinaenjoyaddingchilies（辣椒）toourfood,butdidyouknowthatthisspicyvegetablecouldalsobedangerous?A34-year-oldUSmanrecentlyendedupinhospitalaftereatingaCarolinaReaper—thespiciestchiliintheworld.Aftertakingjustasinglebiteofone,themansufferedfromseriousheadachesinthefollowingfewdays,reportedBBCNews.Infact,reportsofstomachacheandheadachecausedbyeatingspicyfoodarenotsomethingunusual.Butifchiliesareharmful,whyisitthathumanbeingsaretheonlyanimalstoeatthisvegetable?AccordingtothewebsiteHuanqiu,about600millionChinesepeople—almosthalfofthenationalpopulation—arechilieaters.Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyreactstotheburningfeelingthatcomesfromeatingchiliesbyreleasingnaturalchemicalsthat“produceasenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.Andthebenefitsgoevenfurtherthanjustpersonalenjoyment.AsurveyconductedbytheChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesfoundthatthedeathrateofthosewhoeatspicyfoodonceortwiceaweekis10percentlowerthanthosewhoeatitlessthanonceaweek.Thenumberdecreasedto14percentforthosewhoeatspicyfoodsixtoseventimesaweek.AndanotherstudydonebytheUniversityofVermontcametoasimilarconclusion.“Thedataencouragespeopletoeatmorespicyfoodtoimprovehealthandreducedeathriskatanearlyage,”LiuQi,anutritionistattheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealth,toldBBCNews.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualityandtheabilitytoincreaseourmetabolism（新陳代謝）.So,don'tworryifyoulovespicyfood.Itseemsthatchiliesareactuallygoodforus—exceptfortheCarolinaReaper,perhaps.Theexampleofa34-year-oldAmericanismentionedinParagraph1toprove .A.chiliescanbebeneficialB.chiliesarepopularinAmericaC.chiliescanbedangerousD.seriousheadachescanbedangerousEatingchiliesgivespeopleasenseofhappinessby .A.decreasingdeathrate B.releasingnaturalchemicalsC.curingseriousheadaches D.providingenoughnutritionWhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?Humanaretheonlyanimalstoeatchilies.Stomachacheandheadachescausedbychiliesissomethingunusual.Themorechiliesyoueat,thehealthieryouare.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualitybutitcan'tincreaseourmetabolism.Thewriterwrotethepassageto .warnpeopleofthedangersofchilies B.askpeopletoeatCarolinaReaperC.encouragepeopletoeatmorechilies D.tellpeoplethebenefitsofchilies第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.___16___Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.___17___Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing（加強）connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons（神經(jīng)元）inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.___18___Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.___19___Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’s,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.___20___“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項完形填空（30分）WhenthehostannouncedthatmychoirwonthesecondplaceoftheWorldChoirGame.Icouldn'tbelievewhatIheard.Allthe___21___thatwemadeearntheirmeaning.Throughthisunforgottenexperience,I___22___much.Inthesemi-finals,weweresupposedtosingfoursongs.Whenweplayedthethirdsong.Isuddenlyheardanunexpected23—agirlinthealto（女低音）gotquick.Theotherstudentsinthealtowere24bythegirlandweregettingquickerandquicker.Ourchoir'sleader,Mrs.Linoticeditand___25___usedherhandtokeeptime,butshe___26___.Afterthesong,thesmileonMrs.Li'sface___27___andsomeofourmembersturnedandtriedtofindthepersonwhofirstgot___28___.Mymindwasblank,butquicklyI___29___theonlythingwecoulddowasto___30___theperformance.Thenwithasmile,Mrs.Libecamea___31___again,whoseemedtohavetotallyforgotwhatwehaddone.Wesangthe___32___songasusual.Afterthecompetition,Iwas___33___.Justbecauseofoneperson's___34___,thewholechoirmust___35___thefactthatwemightlosethegame.Icried,butthenIfoundnothingwouldchangenomaterhowhardwe___36___thegirlwhoplayedpoorly.___37___,Icametoher,encouragedher,andpracticedthewholemelodywithher.Inthefinals,wegotthemedalbecauseofour___38___performance.Neverblameapersonwhenshemakesamistake,buthelphertosolvetheproblemwhenyouarestruggling___39___thesamegoalnomatterwhatyouwillexperiencewithothersinthefuture,successesorfailures,___40___ortears,thesewillsurelybecomeyourprecioustreasureandmemory.21.A.effortsB.promisesC.sensesD.differences22.A.consideredB.forgotC.respectedD.learned23.A.rapB.shoutC.songD.voice24.A.ledawayB.drivenawayC.givenoutD.turneddown25.A.similarlyB.graduallyC.immediatelyD.particularly26.A.succeededB.failedC.respondedD.ignored27.A.meltedB.frozeC.appearedD.stopped28.A.wrongB.familiarC.badD.slow29.A.missedB.heardC.realizedD.proved30.A.startB.haveC.beginD.complete31.A.singerB.conductorC.dancerD.worker32.A.lateB.onlyC.last D.first33.A.disappointedB.puzzledC.interestedD.satisfied34.A.successB.faultC.energyD.opinion35.A.denyB.offerC.affordD.refuse36.A.encouragedB.blamedC.calledD.greeted37.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides38.A.badB.commonC.ordinaryD.perfect39.A.upB.outC.in D.towards40.A.mistakeB.surpriseC.laughterD.sadness第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Theinformationhastobe___41.___.Browsingat___42.___canbeanenjoyable___43.___,butitwillnotbeforthe___44.___ofthepublic.The___45.___usermustbeabletosubscribeeasilytoservicesthatfithisorherneeds.An___46.___browserthatdoesthesearchingforrelevantinformationautomaticallyneedstobedeveloped___47.___.Contentfiltersneedtobe___48.___,andsearchenginesneedtobeabletotargetusableinformation.Evennow,theinformationavailable___49.___inqualityfromwonderful,topoor,to 50. useless.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）51.增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字的符號（回），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。Itwasatimewhichmanyyoungpeopleweredyingtogoabroad.IdoseeittheotherdayandIcouldn’tbelievemyeyes.Nothavingbeenmadefullpreparations,theyputoffthemeeting.Thedogwhichheusedtobeafraidishisfavoriteanimalnow.Irecommendedthatheavoidedjunkfoodwheneverpossible.Itisgenerallyacknowledgethatwomenholduphalfthesky.Moderntechnologyenablesustoworkandlivemorecomfortable.ItwasthefirsttimeshehasbeentoGuilinandshereallyenjoyedit.Withoutyourhelp,finishingthetaskaheadoftimewouldbeoutofaquestion.Theeventwillbeoneoftheimportantanniversaryin2021.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.假如你是李華，是學(xué)生英文報“Advice”欄目的編輯。你收到一封署名為WorriedFriend的來信。信中該同學(xué)訴