小學(xué)英語小升初語法虛擬語氣

小學(xué)英語小升初語法：虛擬語氣假如你看到以下的句子，你會認為它們是正確的還是錯的呢？

1.IwishIwereabird.

2.Werequestthatyoubeheretomorrow.

或許你會說:“哈哈，第一句的Iwere錯了，應(yīng)當是Iwas；而其次句中的yoube是什么東東呀？不是youare,也不是youwillbe,什么yoube?!“其實上面的句子都是一種稱為Subjunctive類型的句子。SubjunctiveMood有的書譯為“假設(shè)語氣“，雖不很貼切；但在相當大的程度上，告知我們這種句子的特點。SubjunctiveMood中文譯作“虛擬語氣“，好像不及“假設(shè)語氣“那么簡單明白。它是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的某種假設(shè)、愿望、疑心、猜想、建議等含義。根本上，虛擬語氣可分為虛擬現(xiàn)在(SubjunctivePresent)和虛擬過去(SubjunctivePast)兩種；但它們和時態(tài)(Tenses)上所指的現(xiàn)在時態(tài)(PresentTense)和過去時態(tài)(PastTense)是有所不同的。

一、虛擬現(xiàn)在(SubjunctivePresent):

虛擬現(xiàn)在的句子，在任何時候都要用動詞的原形(rootform)，就算是第三人稱(he,she,it)也是如此。如：

1.1現(xiàn)在時態(tài)(SimplePresent):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Iwork----Iwork

youwork----youwork

heworks----hework(留意到了嗎，是work，不是works)

sheworks----shework(不是sheworks喔）

itworks----itwork(同樣不是itworks喔)

wework----wework

theywork----theywork

1.2現(xiàn)在進展時態(tài)(PresentContinuous):(右邊為虛擬語氣）

Iamworking----Ibeworking(留意用的是be，怪怪的!)

youareworking----youbeworking

heisworking----hebeworking

sheisworking----shebeworking

itisworking----itbeworking

weareworking----webeworking

theyareworing----theybeworking

1.3現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)(PresentPerfect):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Ihaveworked----Ihaveworked

youhaveworked----youhaveworked

hehasworked-----hehaveworked(用的還是have喔)

shehasworked----shehaveworked

ithasworked----ithaveworked

wehaveworked----wehaveworked

theyhaveworked----theyhaveworked

1.4現(xiàn)在完成進展時態(tài)(PresentPerfectContinuous):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Ihavebeenworking----Ihavebeenworking

youhavebeenworking----youhavebeenworking

hehasbeenworking----hehavebeenworking(是hehave,不是hehas)

shehasbeenworking----shehavebeenworking

ithasbeenworking---ithavebeenworking

wehavebeenworking----wehavebeenworking

theyhavebeenworking----theyhavebeenworking

談?wù)勌摂M語氣(SubjunctiveMood)（二）

二、虛擬過去(SubjunctivePast)

虛擬過去的動詞無論在什么狀況之下都要用過去復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：動詞be，在虛擬過去中要用were。

2.1過去時態(tài)(SimplePast):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Iworked----Iworked

youworked----youworked

heworked----heworked

sheworked----sheworked

itworked----itworked

weworked----weworked

theyworked----theyworked

2.2過去進展時態(tài)(PastContinuous):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Iwasworking----Iwereworking（留意是Iwere）

youwereworking----youwereworking

hewasworking----hewereworking(是hewere喔)

shewasworking----shewereworking

itwasworking----itwereworking

wewereworking----wewereworking

theywereworking----theywereworking

2.3過去完成時態(tài)(PastPerfect):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Ihadworked----Ihadworked

youhadworked----youhadworked

hehadworked----hehadworked

shehadworked----shehadworked

ithadworked----ithadworked

wehadworked----wehadworked

theyhadworked----theyhadworked

(耶，全部都用had!)

2.4過去完成進展時態(tài)(PastPerfectContinuous):(右邊為虛擬語氣)

Ihadbeenworking----Ihadbeenworking

youhadbeenworking----youhadbeenworking

hehadbeenworking----hehadbeenworking

shehadbeenworking----