2022-2023學(xué)年北京市豐臺區(qū)高一（下）期中英語試卷（A）-普通用卷

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年北京市豐臺區(qū)高一（下）期中英語試卷（A）一、選詞填空-句子（本大題共2小題，共20.0分）1.

rescuetheinjuredstrikecauseseveredamagedestroyAt3：42onJuly28，1976，anearthquake（1）______thecityofTangshan.It（2）______tothecity.Everywherenearlyeverything（3）______.Allhopewasnotlost.Soonaftertheearthquake，alotofsoldiersanddoctorscametoTangshantohelp.Theybuiltsheltersand（4）______.Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.(1)(2)2.

conductresearchgainindependence

winequalrightsengageinintenseexercisesTherearealotofexamplesofgreatpeoplearoundus.MartinLutherKingfoughtand（1）______forblackpeopleintheUS.Gandhiledhiscountryto（2）______fromBritishrule.ChristopherReevesufferedfromsevereinjuries，butwiththesupportofhisfamilyandfriends，he（3）______andfinallyreturnedtohisfilmandcharitycareer.ThemostimpressiveoneisTuYouyou，whoovercamemanydifficultiesand（4）______forhundredsoftimestofindthecureformalaria.Allofaboveareadmirable.(1)(2)(3)(4)二、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）A閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Scienceisoneofthemostinterestingandfunsubjectsforkids.Thereareendlesschancesforpracticalexperimentsthataresuretosurpriseandexcitechildren'simaginations.Agreatwaytogetintoexperimentingwithscienceiswiththeuseofmagnets.Theproperties（性質(zhì)）ofmagnetsallowforan"invisibleforce"tomoveobjectsseeminglyontheirown!

Ifyourkidsarelookingforsomethingalittletrickier，whynotletthemtryusingmagnetstomaketheirowncompass（指南針）？

Forthisexperiment，youwillneedtwoneedles，astrongmagnet，apencil，acupandsomestring.

Step1：Rubthepointedendoftheneedlealongonesideofthemagnet；thiscanbeeitherthenorthorsouthend.Makesureyouarerubbingtheneedleinonedirection，notbackandforth.Youmightneedtodothisabout30timestomagnetisetheneedle.

Step2：Testthemagnetisedneedlewiththespareneedletoseeifitcanpickitup.Ifitcan，theneedleisreadytousefortheexperiment.Ifitdoesn'tpickitup，youwillneedtorubtheneedleafewmoretimesonthesameendofthemagnetyouwereusingbefore.

Step3：Withapieceofstringthatisacoupleofincheslong，getyourchildtotiethistothemiddleofthepencil.Then，atthebottomendofthehangingstring，tiethemagnetisedneedle.

Step4：Placethepencil，withtheneedlehangingdown，overthetopofacupsothattheneedleishanginginsidethecup.

Step5：Watchastheneedlemovesonitsowntopointnorth.

Onceyourkidshavegotatasteformagnets，youmightwanttomoveontomoreadvancedexperiments.PlaceslikeRSComponentssellhigh-techmagneticequipmentthatwillbesuretocarryonfuellingyourchildren'spassionforscience!3.Accordingtothepassage，thespareneedleisusedto______.A.rubthemagnetontheotherside

B.magnetisetheotherneedle

C.checkiftheotherneedleismagnetised

D.moveonitsowntopointnorth4.Whycanthemagnetisedneedlepointnorth？______A.Itistiedtoahangingstring.

B.Ithasthepropertiesofamagnet.

C.Itisconnectedwithamagnet.

D.Itishangingdowninsidethecup.5.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage？______A.Toadvertisehigh-techmagneticequipment.

B.Toentertainkidswithmagnetexperiments.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofpracticalexperiments.

D.Toprovideawaytoinspirekids'passionforscience.BWangFang，aSuzhounative，hasgivenherheartandsoultoKunquOpera.Wang，whohastwicewonthePlumPerformanceAward—China'stopawardfortheaterandoperaperformances—startedtolearnthetraditionalartformin1977.

Bornwithamelodicvoice，Wanglovedtosinganddancewhenshewaslittle.Sheperformedfrequently，andwasrecruitedbytheSuzhouKunquOperaTroupe（劇團）whenshewasinmiddleschool.However，herparentsrefusedthetroupe'sinvitation，insistingthatsheshouldconcentrateonherstudiesandnotdropoutofschool.Aftermembersofthetroupevisitedtheparentsrepeatedlyandshowedgreatsincerity，Wang'sparentsfinallyagreed.

Learningthetraditionalartformwasnevereasy.Shestartedtolearnhowtopronouncewords，singthemlyricallyandmakegesturesgently.Asanactressplayingmartialartistsrolesatfirst，shehadtospendextratimepracticingkungfumovements.Yearslater，Wangusedtheword"unimaginable"todescribehowhardthedayswerewhenshefirstlearnedKunqu.Shewassoakedinsweatwhenpracticingmovementsinsummer，whileinwintersheoftenhadchilblains（凍瘡）onherhandswhentraininginshabbyclassroomswithbrokenwindows."ButImadeupmymindnottogiveup.Nomatterhowdifficult，Ialwaysgotupearlythenextmorningtopractice，"Wangrecalls.

WangsaysshedidnotloveKunquatfirst，butinherearly20s，whenshewatchedtheshowPeonyPavilionperformedbyZhangJiqing，amasteroftheartform，itclicked."Iwasshocked，"Wangsays."Hereverymovementwasfullofeleganceanddelicacy.Eachofherlinesandsongswasperfect.Iwasoverwhelmed（難以禁受）bythebeautyofKunquforthefirsttimeinmylife，andithasstayedwithmesince."Now，WanghasherselfbecomeamasterofKunqu.Herperformanceshaveimpressedgenerationsofaudiencesandhelpedtopromotetheartformamongyoungpeople.6.WhydidWang'sparentsturndownthetroupe'sinvitationatfirst？______A.Theydidn'tthinkWanghadartistictalent.

B.TheysawnofutureinlearningKunquOpera.

C.Theydidn'twantWangtoignoreherstudies.

D.Theyregardedmembersofthetroupeasinsincere.7.WhatchangedWang'sattitudetowardsKunquOpera？______A.WatchingZhang'smasterlyperformance.

B.JoiningtheSuzhouKunquOperaTroupe.

C.WinningthePlumPerformanceAward.

D.Beinggreatlyadmiredbytheaudiences.8.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWangFang？______A.Caringandpassionate. B.Talentedandambitious.

C.Determinedandhard-working. D.Professionalandgenerous.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory？______A.Itisnevertoolatetolearn. B.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.

C.Doingisbetterthansaying. D.Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.CWhetherhuntingorcompetingforlimitedspaceandresources，humansaretheplanet'ssuperpredator（捕食者）.Asthehumanpopulationincreases，it'sgettingharderforothercreaturestofindsomewheretohideduringtheday.Nownewfindingsindicateanimalsaroundtheworldhavebecomenocturnal（夜間活動的）.

InapaperpublishedinScience，researchersanalyzed76previousscientificstudiesaboutthehumanimpactonanimalactivity.Theycomparedanimals'activityduringthedayandnightinareasofhighhumandisturbance（fromhuntingorfarmingtohikingandotheroutdoorrecreations）andlowhumandisturbance（relativelynaturalconditions）.Thisstudyshowedanimalsarebecominganaverageof1.36timesmorenocturnalduetohighhumandisturbance.

Forexample，inPolandwildboarsgofrom48%nocturnalinnaturalforeststo90%nocturnalincityareas.Evenactivitiespeopleconsiderrelativelyinnocuous，suchashikingandwildlifeviewing，stronglyinfluenceanimals'dailyroutines."Wethinkthatwe'releavingnotraceoftenwhenwe'reoutdoors，butwecanbehavinglastingresultonanimalbehavior，"saysKaitlynGaynor，leadresearcherforthestudy.

Scientiststhinkbecomingnocturnalmayhurtthosespecies（物種）highlyadaptedtothesun.Theymightnotbeabletolivewellatnight，whichwouldeventuallyhurttheirchancesofsurvivalandreproduction.Perhapsevenmorealarmingeffectscouldbeinthewiderecosystem.InCalifornia'sSantaCruzMountains，coyoteshavebeenmorenocturnalinresponsetohikersandhavestartedtochangetheirdietsfromdaytimeprey，suchassquirrelsandbirds，tonocturnalprey，suchasratsandrabbits.

Exactlyhowecologicalcommunitieswillchange，andwhetheritwillbeforbetterorworse，requiresfurtherstudy.Somenighttimeshiftsmaybenefitbothanimalsandhumans，Gaynornotes.Forinstance，tigerattacksonpeopleinNepalaredecreasingastigersbecomemorenocturnal.

Studieslikethisonewilleventuallyhelpconservationmanagersmakebetterdecisionsabouthowtoprotectecosystems."We'llneedtounderstandlocaldynamicstoreallyunderstandhowweshouldbechangingmanagementofwildlifepopulationsorhumanactivities，"Gaynornotes."Onepotentialapproachmightbetomanagethetimingofhumanactivitiessothatweleavesomeofthedaylightforotheranimals."10.Howdoanimalsrespondtoincreasinghumandisturbance？______A.Bylimitingtheirfoodintake.

B.Byleavingtheirhabitats.

C.Bycontrollingtheirpopulation.

D.Byadjustingtheirnormaldailyactivities.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"innocuous"inParagraph3probablymean？______A.Harmless. B.Recreational. C.Organized. D.Irregular.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.Thehumanimpactonanimalactivityhasledtoanewecologicalbalance.

B.Animals'becomingnocturnalmaycausesomekindsofanimalstodieout.

C.Animals'becomingnocturnalmayencouragethevarietyofspecies.

D.Alltheanimals'naturalwaysoflifemaybeaffectedbyhumans.13.WhatisGaynorprobablygoingtoexplaininthenextparagraph？______A.Howhumansmanagetheiractivityschedule.

B.Whyhumansneedtocontrolthenumberofwildlife.

C.Howecologicalcommunitieswillchange.

D.Whynighttimeshiftdoesgoodtobothanimalsandhumans.DWhenschoolsgothroughbudget（預(yù)算）cuts，foreignlanguageclassesareoftenplacedonthecuttingblock.Schooladministratorsoftendonotunderstandhowimportantforeignlanguagestudyisfortheirstudents'successintherealworld.Farfromcuttinglanguageclasses，schoolsshouldbedemandingthemforallstudents.Studyingaforeignlanguageshouldberequiredinmiddleschools.

Languagestudystrengthensstudents'minds.Manystudieshaveindicatedthatmultilingualpeople—peoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguage—arebetteratcertaintasks.Specifically，multilingualpeoplehavebetterexecutive（執(zhí)行的）functionthanpeoplewhospeakonlyonelanguage.Executivefunctionisthewaythebrainmanagesalltheinformationit'sgiven，suchasperformingdifferenttasksanddecidingwhattofocuson.Inbrainscans，multilingualpeopleshowincreasedactivityintheareasofthebrainthatcontrolexecutivefunction.Researchershaveguessedthatthisadvantageexistsbecausemultilingualpeoplemustconstantlydecidewhichwordsfromwhichlanguagetouse.Asaresult，multilingualpeoplegetlotsofpracticewithexecutivefunction.Theirbrainscanthenapplythoseskillstoothertasks，likepayingattentionormultitasking.Thiseffectisespeciallystrongforpeoplewhogrowupspeakingmorethanonelanguage.Theearlierstudentsstartlanguageclasses，themorebenefitstheymaygetfromlanguagestudy.

Moreover，languagestudyhelpspreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareers.Today，languageskillsareinhighdemandinthejobmarketandmoreandmorebusinessesworkinmanycountriesacrosstheworld.Asbusinessesbecomeglobal，theyneedpeoplewhocancommunicateeasilyacrossnationalborders.Topreparefortheircareers，morestudentsshouldbelearningforeignlanguages.From2010to2015，thedemandintheUnitedStatesforworkerswhospeakasecondlanguagedoubled.Thistrendincludedworkersofallskilllevelsandbackgrounds.

Ofcourse，inordertomakebetteruseoftheadvantagesofforeignlanguagestudy，middleschoolforeignlanguageclassesshouldnotjustmakestudentsmemorizenewwordsandpronunciation.Theymustalsoteachstudentsaboutnewcultures.Foreignlanguageclassesshouldberequiredtoincludelessonsabouthistory，literature，customs，andgovernmentalongwiththelanguagesthemselves.Thesesubjectswillhelpstudentsbecomebetterglobalcitizensandsupporttheirstudiesinothersubjects.

Requiringmiddleschoolstudentstostudyaforeignlanguageoffersthemchancestosharpentheirbrains.Italsogivesthemtoolsthatwillhelpthembecomeproductivemembersoftoday'sglobalsociety.14.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith？______A.Moreforeignlanguageclassesshouldbeofferedinmiddleschools.

B.Studyingaforeignlanguageshouldbeamiddleschoolrequirement.

C.Foreignlanguageclassesshouldbecutbecauseofthelimitedfunds.

D.Takingforeignlanguageclassesinmiddleschoolsshouldbeachoice.15.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.foreignlanguageclassesshouldteachstudentstraditionalcultures

B.peoplecanlearnlanguagesbetterwhentheyaregettingolder

C.beingabletoworkinanothercountrydoublespeople'sjobchances

D.peoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguagecanperformdifferenttasksbetter16.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Whatshouldbetaughtinforeignlanguageclasses.

B.Howstudentsmakebetteruseoftheadvantagesofforeignlanguagestudy.

C.Whystudentsshouldlearnhistory，literatureandcustoms.

D.Whyforeignlanguagestudysupportsstudents'studiesinothersubjects.17.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？______A.RequirementsofFindingaJob

B.QualitiesofBecomingBetterGlobalCitizens

C.AdvantagesofLearningForeignLanguages

D.SuggestionsofTeachingForeignLanguages三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共22.5分）Ifirstbeganexperiencinganxietyanddepressionattheageof14，afterbeingbullied（欺凌）atschoolforyears.Whileatfirstanxietyanddepressionwouldcomeandgo，it（1）______becameaconstantpartofmylife.

Iwassoeagertofindthe（2）______toovercomingmyanxietyanddepressionthatItriedeverything：mood-changingmedication，specialteas，andyoga.ButI（3）______feltIhadn'tcomeclosetomanagingtheproblem.

Butoneafternoon，myeyes（4）______anarticleinamagazineIwasreadingthattalkedabouthowdogswereabletohelppeoplewithanxietyanddepression.Theverynextday，I（5）______togetadog—acorgi.WhenIbroughtmylittleBuddyhome，Ididn't（6）______howmuchhewouldchangemylife.

Oncethe"puppyexcitement"（7）______，myanxietyanddepressioncamebackasusual.Onemorning，Iwokeupwiththose（8）______feelingagain.Ididn'twanttogetoutofbed.Iturnedtopullthe（9）______backovermyheadandgiveup.That'swhenIsawBuddy.

Buddystartedjumpingalloverme，lickingmyfaceand（10）______meknowthatitwastimetogooutside.Itwasasifheweresaying，"Thereisnotimetobesad；theworldis（11）______!"Andforthefirsttimeinmylife，mylifewas（12）______.

It'sbeenmorethanayearsincethatday，andI'veneverspentanothermorning（13）______togetoutofbed.I'venotcriedmyselftosleeporspentmydays（14）______infearandregret.Sure，IstillhavedayswhenIfeelsadandanxious.ButwithBuddy，mybestfriend，bymyside，I'veeventuallylearnedhowto（15）______thesefeelingsandemotions.18.

A.easily B.finally C.obviously D.actually19.

A.comment B.instruction C.solution D.message20.

A.again B.too C.only D.still21.

A.spreadout B.paidoff C.fellupon D.turnedup22.

A.decided B.challenged C.regarded D.explored23.

A.doubt B.recognize C.realize D.advocate24.

A.wentaway B.putaway C.giveaway D.breakaway25.

A.strange B.warm C.silent D.familiar26.

A.sheets B.covers C.clothes D.towels27.

A.letting B.noticing C.helping D.watching28.

A.exciting B.challenging C.boring D.amazing29.

A.changing B.moving C.struggling D.settling30.

A.unknown B.inconvenient C.unable D.impossible31.

A.lost B.stuck C.controlled D.caught32.

A.match B.mention C.compare D.manage四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）33.AInthepastfewyears，thenumberofwildanimalshasdecreasedduetohumanactivitiessuchasdestroyingthenaturalhabitatofwildanimals.Ifnothing（1）______（do），manwillbepunishedbynature.（2）______（lucky），peoplebegintotakeactions.They（3）______（build）somenaturereservesnowsothatanimalscanliveinpeace.Ifeveryonehasthesenseofprotectingwildlife，itiscertain（4）______anatmosphereofwildlifeprotectionwillcomeintobeing.

BMarieCuriewasborninPolandinthelate19thcentury.Shewasverycleverwhenshewasalittlekid.Herparentsthoughtshe（5）______（become）anoutstandingwoman，sotheysentherabroadtostudy.Inhertwenties，shemetPierreCurieandtheythenmarried.Althoughhavingaverydifficulttime，theyfinallydiscoveredtheelement'Radium'，for（6）______shewasawardedaNobelPrize.Actually，shewasthefirstwoman（7）______（win）theNobelPrizetwice.

CStudentsarebusy.Betweenclasses，homeworkandfamily，therecanbealottobalance.Sowhydowesuggestthatyoujoinastudentorganization？Infact，doingthiswillhaveagreateffectonthestudents，（8）______goalsaretobecomebetterinschoolandfuturelife.Firstofall，youwillfeeldelightedtohavesomany（9）______（opportunity）tolearnmoreaboutyourselvesandyourstrengths.Youcanalsofindout（10）______you'regoodat，whetherthat'slistening，stayingorganized，orservingothers.Thisself-awarenesswillbebeneficialinyourfuturecareer.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、閱讀表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）34.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。

TheSecrettoImprovingYourMemoryIfyouwanttoimproveyourmemory，youneedtoknowhowyourbrainworks.Youmightbesurprisedtohearthatyourlifestylehabitsmightbemakingitdifficultforyoutocorrectlyrecordeachpieceofinformation，experience，orlearning.

Itwouldappearthatthesecrettoimprovingyourmemoryisreallysimple.It'stotakebreaks.Asamatteroffact，thebrainhasmorelimitedenergyresourcesthanyouprobablythink.Therefore，ittiresquicklyanditslevelsofattentionbegintodropafterabout30to45minutes.

Thehippocampus（海馬體）istheareaofyourbrainthat'sresponsibleforconsolidating（鞏固）yourshort-termmemoriesinthelongterm.Furthermore，forthisconsolidationtobepossible，theremustbeanconnectionwithdifferentregionsofthecerebralcortex（大腦皮層）.Currently，weknowthat，forbestconnectivity，wemustrest.Therefore，factorssuchastiredness，negativefeelings，orstressmakeitdifficulttoconnectoneareatotheother.Studiesfoundtakingbreaksofbetweennineand15minutesimprovesmemory，bothinhealthypeopleandinthosewithneurologicaldamage.

However，there'sonesmalldetailthat'simportant.Therestmustberealrest.Inotherwords，youshouldgotoaquietspaceandnothaveanydistractions（分心的事）aroundyou.Thisincludesnothavingyourcellphonenearby.Thesecrettoimprovingyourmemoryrequiresyoutorestforbetweentenand15minutesleavingyourmindcompletelyempty.Infact，knowinghowtorestisdecisiveforyourcognitivefunction，balancingyouremotions，andrenewingyourenergy.

Yourlifestyleplaysanextremelyimportantroleinthewayyourmemoryfunctions.Restisn'twastingtime.Infact，allowingyourselfsmallbreaksisinvestinginyourhealthandwell-being.(1)Whatisthesecrettoimproveyourmemory？______(2)Whatfactorsmayinfluencetheconnectionbetweendifferentregionsofcerebralcortex？______(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

?Takingrestsisimportantforyourmemoryandspendingabout15minutesinplayingwithyourphonewillhelpimproveit.______(4)Inadditiontowhatismentionedinthepassage，whatelsecanyoudotoimproveyourmemory？（Inabout40words）______六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）35.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你校將組織一次主題為"我最敬佩的人"的英文演講比賽，請你寫一篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）你最敬佩的人是誰；

（2）你為什么最敬佩他（她）；

（3）他（她）對你的影響。

注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；

（2）題目已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

ThePersonIAdmire

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】struck【小題2】causedseveredamage【解析】（1）考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1976年7月28日3時42分，唐山市發(fā)生地震。根據(jù)句意可知表示"發(fā)生；擊打"，用動詞strike的過去式struck和時間狀語At

3：42

on

July

28，1976一致，故填struck。

（2）考查動詞短語。句意：地震對該市造成了嚴(yán)重破壞。根據(jù)句意可知表示"造成嚴(yán)重破壞"，用動詞短語causeseveredamage，前后時態(tài)一致，用一般過去時，故填causedseveredamage。

（3）考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：到處幾乎所有的東西都被摧毀了。根據(jù)句意可知表示"摧毀"，用動詞destroy，前后時態(tài)一致，用一般過去時；和主語everything構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以謂語動詞用一般過去時的被動，故填wasdestroyed。

（4）考查動詞短語。句意：他們建造了避難所，并救出了傷員。根據(jù)句意可知表示"救出傷員"，用動詞短語rescuetheinjured，前后時態(tài)一致，用一般過去時，故填rescuedtheinjured。

這篇文章介紹了1976年7月28日發(fā)生的唐山大地震。

這個題型需要學(xué)生熟知單詞或者固定短語的用法，包括它的多個含義；同時對于題面設(shè)定的語境也要完全了解，這樣才能選出正確的短語，運用它們的正確形式，例如動詞短語的謂語和非謂語，時態(tài)和語態(tài)。

2.【答案】【小題1】won

equal

rights【小題2】gain

independence【小題3】engaged

in

intense

exercises【小題4】conducted

research【解析】（1）考查動詞短語。句意：馬丁?路德?金為美國黑人而戰(zhàn)，為黑人贏得了平等的權(quán)利。根據(jù)句意可知表示"贏得平等的權(quán)利"，用動詞短語winequalrights，前后時態(tài)一致，用一般過去時，故填wonequalrights。

（2）考查動詞短語。句意：甘地領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他的國家從英國統(tǒng)治下獨立出來。根據(jù)句意可知表示"獲得獨立"，用動詞短語gainindependence，這里是動詞不定式，故填gainindependence。

（3）考查動詞短語。句意：克里斯托弗?里夫受了重傷，但在家人和朋友的支持下，他進行了高強度的鍛煉，最終重返電影和慈善事業(yè)。根據(jù)句意可知表示"進行高強度的鍛煉"，用動詞短語engageinintenseexercises，前后時態(tài)一致，用一般過去時，故填engagedinintenseexercises。

（4）考查動詞短語。句意：最令人印象深刻的是屠呦呦，她克服了許多困難，為找到瘧疾的治療方法進行了數(shù)百次研究。根據(jù)句意可知表示"進行研究"，用動詞短語conductresearch，前后時態(tài)一致，用一般過去時，故填conductedresearch。

這篇文章為我們列舉了世界上幾個戰(zhàn)勝困難獲得成功的著名人物。

這個題型需要學(xué)生熟知單詞或者固定短語的用法，包括它的多個含義；同時對于題面設(shè)定的語境也要完全了解，這樣才能選出正確的短語，運用它們的正確形式，例如動詞短語的謂語和非謂語，時態(tài)和語態(tài)。

3~5.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Step2：部分Test

the

magnetised

needle

with

the

spare

needle

to

see

if

it

can

pick

it

up.（用備用的磁針測試磁化針，看是否能把它撿起來。）可知，多余的針是被用來測試是否其他針已被磁化。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Step1：部分Rub

the

pointed

end

of

the

needle

along

one

side

of

the

magnet；this

can

be

either

the

north

or

south

end.（沿著磁鐵的一側(cè)摩擦針的尖端，這可以是北或南的一端）；Step5

：部分Watch

as

the

needle

moves

on

its

own

to

point

north.（看著指針自己指向北方。）可知，因為針在磁鐵上來回摩擦已具備了磁鐵的特性，即它具備了指南針的特性，可以指向北方，故選B。

（3）寫作目的題。根據(jù)文章第一段There

are

endless

chances

for

practical

experiments

that

are

sure

to

surprise

and

excite

children's

imaginations.A

great

way

to

get

into

experimenting

with

science

is

with

the

use

of

magnets.The

properties

（性質(zhì)）

of

magnets

allow

for

an

"invisible

force"

to

move

objects

seemingly

on

their

own!（有無數(shù)的實際實驗的機會，肯定會驚喜和激發(fā)孩子們的想象力。進行科學(xué)實驗的一個好方法是使用磁鐵。磁鐵的特性允許一種"看不見的力量"移動物體，似乎是它們自己的!）可知，本文章主要講述了一項與磁鐵和金屬有關(guān)的趣味學(xué)校項目，目的在于提供一種激發(fā)孩子們對科學(xué)熱情的方法，故選D。

本文章主要講述了一項與磁鐵和金屬有關(guān)的趣味學(xué)校項目，并對實施該項目需要的物品以及步驟等進行了說明。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

6~9.【答案】C、A、C、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段Sheperformedfrequently，andwasrecruitedbytheSuzhouKunquOperaTroupe（劇團）whenshewasinmiddleschool.However，herparentsrefusedthetroupe'sinvitation，insistingthatsheshouldconcentrateonherstudiesandnotdropoutofschool.（在中學(xué)時，她經(jīng)常參加表演，并被蘇州昆曲劇團錄取。然而，她的父母拒絕了劇團的邀請，堅持讓她專心學(xué)習(xí)，不要輟學(xué)。）可知，王芳的父母不想讓王忽略她的學(xué)業(yè)，才會拒絕劇團的邀請。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段WangsaysshedidnotloveKunquatfirst，butinherearly20s，whenshewatchedtheshowPeonyPavilionperformedbyZhangJiqing，amasteroftheartform，itclicked.（王說她最初不喜歡昆曲，在看到張繼青表演的《牡丹亭》之后，她被深深震撼，愛上了昆曲。）由此可知，王改變對昆曲的態(tài)度，是因為看到了張繼青出神入化的表演，才讓他對昆曲從不愛轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橄矏?。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段She

was

soaked

in

sweat

when

practicing

movements

in

summer，while

in

winter

she

often

had

chilblains

（凍瘡）

on

her

hands

when

training

in

shabby

classrooms

with

broken

windows.

"But

I

made

up

my

mind

not

to

give

up.No

matter

how

difficult，I

always

got

up

early

the

next

morning

to

practice，"

Wang

recalls.（夏天練習(xí)動作時，她渾身是汗，冬天在窗戶破破的破舊教室里訓(xùn)練時，她的手上經(jīng)常長出凍瘡。"但我下定決心不放棄。無論多么困難，我總是在第二天早起練習(xí)。王回憶道。）可知王是一個有決心，刻苦努力的人。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Nomatterhowdifficult，Ialwaysgotupearlythenextmorningtopractice，（無論有多難，我第二天早上總是早早地起床練習(xí)。）以及通讀全文，進行總結(jié)概括，文章主要講了王芳學(xué)習(xí)昆曲的艱苦歷程。雖然她天生嗓音悅耳，但卻中途遭到過父母的阻攔，經(jīng)劇團勸說后，她才再繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)昆曲。學(xué)習(xí)過程也十分辛苦，她經(jīng)過多年的努力，最后獲得兩次梅花表演家的稱號。因此，文章通過王芳昆曲藝術(shù)家的事例，告訴我們，做什么事，要想成功，就必須要堅持，每天都努力。正所謂，羅馬不是一日建成的。故選B。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了昆曲藝術(shù)家王芳的個人簡介，以及她學(xué)習(xí)昆曲的求學(xué)之路，通過艱苦學(xué)習(xí)，最后才獲得梅花表演家的稱號。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

10~13.【答案】D、A、B、A【解析】

（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段This

study

showed

animals

are

becoming

an

average

of

1.36

times

more

nocturnal

due

to

high

human

disturbance.（這項研究表明，由于人類的高度干擾，動物的夜間活動平均增加了1.36倍。）可知動物通過調(diào)整日常活動來應(yīng)對不斷增加的人類干擾，故答案為D。

（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子Even

activities

people

consider

relatively

innocuous，such

as

hiking

and

wildlife

viewing，strongly

influence

animals'

daily

routines.

（即使是人們認(rèn)為相對無害的活動，比如徒步旅行和觀賞野生動物，也會對動物的日常生活產(chǎn)生強烈影響。）可知hiking

and

wildlife

viewing代指上文的relatively

innocuous，結(jié)合選項，可知，這是"無傷大雅的活動"之意，A.Harmless無害的；B.Recreational再創(chuàng)造性的；C.Organized組織的；D.Irregular不規(guī)則的。故答案為A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Scientists

think

becoming

nocturnal

may

hurt

those

species

（物種）

highly

adapted

to

the

sun.They

might

not

be

able

to

live

well

at

night，which

would

eventually

hurt

their

chances

of

survival

and

reproduction.Perhaps

even

more

alarming

effects

could

be

in

the

wider

ecosystem.（科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，變成夜行動物可能會傷害那些高度適應(yīng)太陽的物種。它們可能無法在夜間很好地生活，這最終會損害它們的生存和繁殖機會。）可知我們能從文章中了解到動物變成夜行動物可能會導(dǎo)致一些動物滅絕。故選B。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"One

potential

approach

might

be

to

manage

the

timing

of

human

activities

so

that

we

leave

some

of

the

daylight

for

other

animals."（"一種潛在的方法可能是管理人類活動的時間，這樣我們就可以為其他動物留下一些日光。"）可知蓋納在下一段可能會解釋人類如何管理他們的活動計劃。故選A。

本文主要說明了地球由人類控制，動物通過調(diào)整日?；顒觼響?yīng)對人類的干擾。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

14~17.【答案】B、D、A、C【解析】

（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段Farfromcuttinglanguageclasses，schoolsshouldbedemandingthemforallstudents.Studyingaforeignlanguageshouldberequiredinmiddleschools.（學(xué)校不應(yīng)該取消語言課程，而應(yīng)該要求所有學(xué)生都上語言課程。中學(xué)應(yīng)該要求學(xué)習(xí)一門外語。）因此可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)一門外語應(yīng)該是中學(xué)的必修課。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段第三句Specifically，multilingualpeoplehavebetterexecutive（執(zhí)行的）functionthanpeoplewhospeakonlyonelanguage.（具體來說，會多種語言的人比只會一種語言的人有更好的執(zhí)行功能。）因此可知，作者認(rèn)為會說不止一種語言的人有更好的執(zhí)行能力。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段Of

course，in

order

to

make

better

use

of

the

advantages

of

foreign

language

study，middle

school

foreign

language

classes

should

not

just

make

students

memorize

new

words

and

pronunciation.They

must

also

teach

students

about

new

cultures.Foreign

language

classes

should

be

required

to

include

lessons

about

history，literature，customs，and

government

along

with

the

languages

themselves.These

subjects

will

help

students

become

better

global

citizens

and

support

their

studies

in

other

subjects.（當(dāng)然，為了更好地發(fā)揮外語學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢，中學(xué)外語課堂不應(yīng)該只是讓學(xué)生背單詞和發(fā)音。他們還必須向?qū)W生傳授新的文化。外語課程應(yīng)該包括歷史、文學(xué)、風(fēng)俗、政府以及語言本身。這些科目將幫助學(xué)生成為更好的世界公民，并支持他們在其他科目的學(xué)習(xí)。）可知第四段主要講的是在外語課堂上應(yīng)該教什么。故選A。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段Language

study

strengthens

students'

minds.（語言學(xué)習(xí)可以增強學(xué)生的心智。）以及第三段Moreover，language

study

helps

prepare

students

for

their

future

careers.（此外，語言學(xué)習(xí)有助于學(xué)生為未來的職業(yè)生涯做好準(zhǔn)備。）可知本文主要講述了學(xué)習(xí)外語的好處。所以"C.Advantages

of

Learning

Foreign

Languages學(xué)習(xí)外語的好處"為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了學(xué)校不應(yīng)削減語言課，而應(yīng)要求所有學(xué)生參加．中學(xué)應(yīng)要求學(xué)習(xí)外語，學(xué)習(xí)外語為他們提供了鍛煉大腦的機會。它還為他們提供了幫助他們成為當(dāng)今全球社會生產(chǎn)力成員的工具。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

18~32.【答案】B、C、D、C、A、C、A、D、B、A、D、A、C、B、C【解析】（1）考查副詞及語境理解。A.easily容易地；B.finally最終；C.obviously明顯地；D.actually實際上。根據(jù)上一句Whileatfirstanxietyanddepressionwouldcomeandgo可知，"最終"成了生活中不變的一部分。故選B。

（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A．co