2021屆江蘇省XX中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期10月月考英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)-聽力

2021/2021學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanhatestolendhistoolstootherpeople.B.Themanhasn’tfinishedworkingonthebookshelf.C.Themanlostthosetools.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedoesn’tlikehisjob.B.Hewillnotgiveuphisjob.C.Hehasalargefamilytosupport.3.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teachersandstudents.C.Headmasterandteachers.4.Whoisworriedaboutgainingweight?A.Theson.B.AuntLouise.C.Themother.5.Whydoesn’tthewomanbuythecoat?A.Itisexpensive.B.Thereisn’thersize.C.Shedoesn’tlikethecolor.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Ahotelclerk.B.AhouseagentC.Ashopassistant.7.Whatisthepillowfilledwith?A.Cotton.C.Driedflowers.C.Aspecialmaterial.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatkindofskillsdoesthewomannothave?A.Operatingcomputers.B.Doingbusiness.C.Typing.9.Whichcompanydidthewomanworkin?A.Atradingcompanyandatrustcompany.B.Atrustcompany.C.Atradingcompany.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.What’swrongwiththewoman’smother?A.Shehasbeensick.B.Shemissesherfamilyandfriends.C.Shecan’tearnenoughtosupportherfamily.11.Wheredoesthewomanlive?A.InAmericaB.InIndia.C.InBritain.12.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonextyear?A.Studyanewlanguage.B.TraveltoIndia.C.Visitherfather’snativecountry.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowmanyEconomicslectureswillthemanattendeveryweek?A.Fivetimes,fromMondaytoFriday.B.Twotimes,onThursdayandFriday.C.TwotimesonTuesdayandThursday.14.Whydidthemanmissthemeetingforthenewstudentsyesterday?A.Becausehehadn’treceivedanynoticeaboutthatmeeting.BBecausehehadtoattendthegroupdiscussion.C.Becausehehadtodosomeparttimejobsyesterday.15.Ifastudentwantstoearnthescholarship,whatistherequiredattendancerate?A.80%B.90%C.100%16.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheconversation?A.Themanisagradeonestudentintheuniversity.B.Themanhastoworkafterschool.C.Themanthinksthetimeofthelectureistooearly.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?A.Oneyear.B.Tenyears.C.Eighteenyears.18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononpublictransport?A.It’scomfortable.B.It’stime-saving.C.It’scheap.19.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?A.It’ssafer.B.It’shealthier.C.It’smoreconvenient.20.Whatkindoflifedothespeakersseemtolikemost?A.Busy.B.Colorful.C.Quiet.第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并涂黑AFeelingdown?Whynotvisitoneofthesefourwebsites?CThissitewascreatedin1999andgetsaboutsevenmillionvisitorpermonth.TwoofitsvideoshavebeenchosenaswinnersfortheWebbyAwards:PixarIntroParodyandWebSiteStory.Otherfunnyvideostolooksoutforincludeadebateontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgoingtocollege.FThissitehaslotsofreallyfunnyvideosAndasthenamesuggests,usersvoteonvideos,choosingtheoptions“funny”or“die”.Ifthevideoreceivestoomany“die”votes,it'ssenttothesite's“crypt”.Butifitgetsenough“funny”votes,itgoesintotheHallofFame.Thesitewascratedin2006bycomediansWillFerrellandAdamMcKay.Thesite’sfirstvideo.TheLandlordhashadover70millionviewsVideostowatchoutforincludeJustaTip:Taxi,withsomevaluableadviceonhowtocatchataxi,andOverAnalyzingTexts,withsometipsonhowtorespondtotextmessagesRFoundedin2005,Risasocialnewsandentertainmentwebsite.Registeredusersputfunnycontentintheformofthevideolinkortextsonthewebsite.Otherusersthenvotethesethings“up”or“down”.Themostrecentandwell-likedcontentappearsatthetoponthefrontpageofthesite.TFirstappearingasasatiricalnewspaperin1988,Thashundredofvideosandarticlesonnewsandcurrentaffairs,andreceivesanaverageof7.5millionvisitorsamonths.It’sfamousforitsamusingitems,suchasMichelleObamaSeenOutsideWalkingFamilyRhinocerosorDadCan’tBelieveLawn.1.IfyouwanttowatchvideoseverwinningtheWebbyAwards,youcanvisit____________.A.R B.CC.T D.F2.VideosonthewebsiteFare__________.A.watchedover70milliontimesB.votedbytheirusersC.basedonnewspaperstoriesD.createdbyusers3.WhatdoRandThaveincommon?A.TheyincludefunnyvideosB.TheyincludevaluableadviceC.TheyincludedebatesoneducationD.Theyprovidesatiricalnews【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講了當(dāng)你心情低落的時(shí)候，可以訪問文中推薦的四個(gè)網(wǎng)址?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)C中TwoofitsvideoshavebeenchosenaswinnersfortheWebbyAwards:PixarIntroParodyandWebSiteStory.Otherfunnyvideostolooksoutforincludeadebateontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgoingtocollege.可知，如果你想觀看獲得“威比獎(jiǎng)”的視頻，你可以訪問Collegehumor.Com。故選B。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)F中ThissitehaslotsofreallyfunnyvideosAndasthenamesuggests,usersvoteonvideos,choosingtheoptions“funny”or“die”.可知，在F網(wǎng)站上的視頻是由用戶投票選出的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)R中Foundedin2005,Risasocialnewsandentertainmentwebsite.Registeredusersputfunnycontentintheformofthevideolinkortextsonthewebsite.和T中It’sfamousforitsamusingitems可知，R和T的共同之處是它們都包括有趣的視頻。故選A。BNexttimeyourplanelands,listentothesoundofthetyreshittingtheground.Thereasonthetyresdon’texplodeisbecausetheyaremadeofnaturalrubber.Thetyresofcars,motorbikesandtrucksarealsooftenmadeofthesamestuff.Naturalrubbercomesfromtrees,Workerscutthetrunksofthetreesandcollectawhiteliquidcalledlatex.Inthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies,hugenumbersofrubbertreeswereplantedincountriesincludingMalaysia,BurmaandBrazil.Morethanacenturyago,scientistsdiscoveredhowtomakeman-maderubber,butnaturalrubberismuchstrongerandcanlastmuchlonger.Nearlyhalftherubberwhichisproducedeachyearisnaturalrubberandthereisalwaysaneedformore.Rubbertreesarenoteasytogrow.Theyareaffectedbychangesintemperature,tomuchornotenoughrain,highwindsanddisease.Sometreessurvivewhileothersdieandit’salldowntotheirgenes.TwoBritishorganizations,theTunAbdulRazakResearchCenter(TARRC)andTheGenomeAnalysisCenter(TGAC),havebeenworkingtogethertolookatrubbertrees.ThisisthegenesfittogetherinverylongchainsofDNA.Thegenomeforaplantsuchasarubbertreeoranimalneedstogrow.Thegenomecontainsalltheinformationtheplantoranimalneedstogrow.Thegenomeforaplantsuchasarubbertreeissmallerthanahumangenomebutitisstillverylong,whichiswhyithasbeensodifficulttofind.AsEwanMollisonofTARRCsays,theworkhasbeenlikeputtingapicturepuzzletogetherwhereallthepiecesshowblueseaandbluesky.Nowscientistscanusetherubbertreegenometoproducestrongertrees.Byunderstandingthegenome,theycanchangetheDNAinrubbertreesinusefulways.Theycanalsodoitmuchfasterthanbefore.Inthefuture,itwillbepossibletogrowtreeswhichsurviveclimatechangeanddisease.4.WhatcharacteristicsofnaturalrubbercanbeinferredfromParagraph1?A.Inexpensive. B.Flexible C.Conductive D.Explosive.5.Whatmadenaturalrubbersodemandingeachyear?A.QuantitiesofrubbertreeswereplantedinSoutheastAsiaB.Rubbertreesarenoteasilyaffectedbytheclimatechange.C.Bynowscientistshaven’tdiscoveredhowtomakeman-maderubber.D.Naturalrubberismuchtougherandmorelastingthanman-maderubber.6.WhatdoesEwanMollisonsuggestinParagraph3?A.Theworksoundsasinterestingasapicturepuzzle.B.Thegenomeofarubbertreeisasblueasseaandsky.C.ThegenomeofarubbertreeisnoteasytobeidentifiedD.Completingapicturepuzzlewithseaandskyisdifficult.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheOriginofNaturalRubber B.TheApplicationofNaturalRubberC.NaturalRubber:It’sAllinthegenes D.NaturalRubberVSMan-madeRubber【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了天然橡膠這種物質(zhì)，因?yàn)槠涓鼒?jiān)韌更持久的特性，每年都需求量巨大，但是橡膠樹不容易生長(zhǎng)。它們會(huì)受到溫度變化、雨量多或少、強(qiáng)風(fēng)和疾病的影響。有些樹能活下來，有些則會(huì)死去，這都取決于它們的基因。但是天然橡膠的基因很難被識(shí)別。現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們可以利用橡膠樹的基因組來生產(chǎn)更強(qiáng)壯的樹。通過了解基因組，他們可以用有用的方式改變橡膠樹的DNA。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Nexttimeyourplanelands,listentothesoundofthetyreshittingtheground.Thereasonthetyresdon’texplodeisbecausetheyaremadeofnaturalrubber.Thetyresofcars,motorbikesandtrucksarealsooftenmadeofthesamestuff.可知下次你的飛機(jī)著陸時(shí)，聽聽輪胎撞擊地面的聲音。輪胎不會(huì)爆炸的原因是因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯商烊幌鹉z制成的。汽車、摩托車和卡車的輪胎通常也是用同樣的材料制造的。由此可推知，天然橡膠有靈活性。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Morethanacenturyago,scientistsdiscoveredhowtomakeman-maderubber,butnaturalrubberismuchstrongerandcanlastmuchlonger.Nearlyhalftherubberwhichisproducedeachyearisnaturalrubberandthereisalwaysaneedformore.可知一個(gè)多世紀(jì)前，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了制造人造橡膠的方法，但是天然橡膠更結(jié)實(shí)，使用壽命也更長(zhǎng)。每年生產(chǎn)的橡膠幾乎有一半是天然橡膠，而且總是需要更多。由此可知，天然橡膠比人造橡膠更堅(jiān)韌更持久，讓天然橡膠每年都如此需求量巨大。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Thegenomeforaplantsuchasarubbertreeissmallerthanahumangenomebutitisstillverylong,whichiswhyithasbeensodifficulttofind.AsEwanMollisonofTARRCsays,theworkhasbeenlikeputtingapicturepuzzletogetherwhereallthepiecesshowblueseaandbluesky.可知橡膠樹等植物的基因組比人類的基因組要小，但仍然很長(zhǎng)，這就是為什么很難找到它的原因。就像TARRC的EwanMollison說的，這項(xiàng)工作就像把拼圖拼在一起，所有的碎片都展示了藍(lán)色的大海和藍(lán)色的天空。由此可推知，EwanMollison的話表明橡膠樹的基因組不容易被識(shí)別。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Nowscientistscanusetherubbertreegenometoproducestrongertrees.Byunderstandingthegenome,theycanchangetheDNAinrubbertreesinusefulways.Theycanalsodoitmuchfasterthanbefore.Inthefuture,itwillbepossibletogrowtreeswhichsurviveclimatechangeanddisease.可知現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們可以利用橡膠樹的基因組來生產(chǎn)更強(qiáng)壯的樹。通過了解基因組，他們可以用有用的方式改變橡膠樹的DNA。他們也能比以前做得更快。在未來，人們有可能種植能夠抵御氣候變化和疾病的樹木。結(jié)合文章主要介紹了天然橡膠這種物質(zhì)，因?yàn)槠涓鼒?jiān)韌更持久的特性，每年都需求量巨大，但是橡膠樹不容易生長(zhǎng)。它們會(huì)受到溫度變化、雨量多或少、強(qiáng)風(fēng)和疾病的影響。有些樹能活下來，有些則會(huì)死去，這都取決于它們的基因。但是天然橡膠的基因很難被識(shí)別?，F(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們可以利用橡膠樹的基因組來生產(chǎn)更強(qiáng)壯的樹。通過了解基因組，他們可以用有用的方式改變橡膠樹的DNA。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“天然橡膠：全靠基因”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CAshumanityhasgotricher,animal’sroleshavechanged.Peopleneedtheirserviceslessthanbefore.Fewerwolvesandthievesmeantlessdemandfordogsforprotection;theinternalcombustionengine（內(nèi)燃機(jī)）madehorsesunneeded;modernsanitation（衛(wèi)生設(shè)備）keptratsincheckandmadecatslessuseful.Nolongernecessities,domesticanimalsbecameluxuries.Pet-keepingseemstokickinwhenhouseholdincomesriseaboveroughly$5,000.Itisbooming.Thetrendisnotanewone.Archaeologists（考古學(xué)家）havefound10,000-year-oldgravesinwhichdogsandpeopleareburiedtogether.Somecultures--suchasinScandinavia,wheredogshavelongbeenbothworkingdogsandcompanions--havekeptpetsforthousandsofyears.Butthesedaysthepet-keepingurgehasspreadeventopartsoftheworldwhichhavenotraditionofsinkingintoacomfortablechairwithafurrycreature.Thepetbusinessisgrowingevenfasterthanpetnumbers,becausepeoplearespendingmoreandmoremoneyonthem.Nolongeraretheyfood-waste-recyclers,fedwiththeremainsthatfallfromtheirmasters’tables.Pet-foodshelvesarefullofdelicaciescraftedtosatisfyarangeofappetites,includingicecreamfordogsandfoodsforpetsthatareold,diabeticorsufferfromsensitivedigestion;anumberofinternetservicesofferfood,tailoredtothepet’sindividualtastes.Inthebusinessthisiscalled“pethumanisation”--thetendencyofpetownerstotreattheirpetsaspartofthefamily.Thisisevidentinthenamesgiventodogs,whichhaveevolvedfromFido,RexandSpotto--inAmerica--Bella,LucyandMax.Itisevidentinthegrowingmarketforpetclothing,petgroomingandpethotels.Peoplestillassumethatpetsmustbeworkingforhumanityinsomeway,perhapsmakingpeoplehealthierorlessanxious.Buttheevidenceforthatisweak.Rather,newresearchsuggeststhatdogshaveevolvedthoseirresistible“puppy-dogeyes”preciselytoaffecthumanemotions.Ithasworked.Thespeciesthatonceenslavedothersnowworksveryhardtopayforthecareofitspets.Sentimental（多愁善感的）Americansoftenrefertothemselvesnotascat-ownersbutasthecat’s“mommy”or“daddy”.SouthKoreansgoonefurther,describingthemselvesascat“butlers”.Watchanunluckydog-walkertrailing“his”hound（獵犬）,plasticbaginhandtopickupitsmess,andyouhavetowonder:who’sinchargenow?8.WhichofthefollowingtrendsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.People’sneedsforanimalservicesaredecreasing.B.Boththepetnumberandthepetbusinessaregrowing.C.Petsareincreasinglymakingtheirownerslessanxious.D.Petfoodsaremorevariousandcustomizedthanbefore.9.Whichofthefollowingisreferredtoasevidenceof“pethumanization?”A.ThenamesgiventopetsinAmericanfamiliesnowadays.B.Pet’sinbuiltabilitytoaffectemotionsoftheirowners.C.Humanbeingseverrisingurgeforpet-keeping.D.Pet’srolesasbothworkingstaffandcompanions.10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthormostlikelytoagreewith?A.Petsshouldbetreatedasequalsoftheirhumanmasters.B.Humanbeingsaregettingmuchbenefitfromtheirpets.C.Pet-keepingisstillrestrictedwithincertainpartsoftheworld.D.Somepetownersspendtoomuchmoneyontheirpets.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheChangingRolesofAnimals B.TheUrgeforPet-keepingC.WhoOwnsWhom D.LoveMe,LoveMyDog【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，主要抨擊了如今人們養(yǎng)寵物的現(xiàn)象，一些人甚至已經(jīng)淪為了寵物的奴隸?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Peoplestillassumethatpetsmustbeworkingforhumanityinsomeway,perhapsmakingpeoplehealthierorlessanxious.Buttheevidenceforthatisweak.Rather,newresearchsuggeststhatdogshaveevolvedthoseirresistible“puppy-dogeyes”preciselytoaffecthumanemotions.”可知，人們?nèi)匀徽J(rèn)為寵物必須以某種方式為人類工作，使人們更健康或更少焦慮，但這方面的證據(jù)并不充分，相反，新的研究表明狗狗進(jìn)化出了那些不可抗拒的眼神，正是為了影響人類的情緒，因此“寵物越來越讓主人不那么焦慮”這一說法是錯(cuò)誤的，故C項(xiàng)正確。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Inthebusinessthisiscalled“pethumanisation”--thetendencyofpetownerstotreattheirpetsaspartofthefamily.Thisisevidentinthenamesgiventodogs,whichhaveevolvedfromFido,RexandSpotto--inAmerica--Bella,LucyandMax.”可知，在這個(gè)行業(yè)中，這被稱為“寵物人性化”——寵物主人將寵物視為家庭的一部分的趨勢(shì)，這一點(diǎn)在給狗起的名字中很明顯，狗的名字從菲多、雷克斯和斯波特演變成——在美國(guó)的貝拉、露西和麥克斯，因此，現(xiàn)在美國(guó)家庭給寵物起的名字可以作為寵物人性化的證據(jù)，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thepetbusinessisgrowingevenfasterthanpetnumbers,becausepeoplearespendingmoreandmoremoneyonthem.”可知，寵物生意的增長(zhǎng)速度甚至超過了寵物數(shù)量，因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)趯櫸锷砩匣ㄙM(fèi)的錢越來越多，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為一些寵物主人在他們的寵物身上花了太多的錢，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)文章最后一句話“andyouhavetowonder:who’sinchargenow?”可知，本文主要抨擊了如今人們養(yǎng)寵物的現(xiàn)象，一些人甚至已經(jīng)淪為寵物的奴隸，故C項(xiàng)（誰(shuí)是老大？）最適合做文章標(biāo)題?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章標(biāo)題形式的主旨大意題難度在于被選選項(xiàng)要具有高度的概括性，準(zhǔn)確全面地體現(xiàn)出文章內(nèi)容，因此抓住文章主題是關(guān)鍵，社會(huì)生活類文章通常作者會(huì)在文章最后表明自己的態(tài)度，而作者的態(tài)度一般即為文章主題，例如本篇第4題，通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)文章最后一句話“andyouhavetowonder:who’sinchargenow?”可知，本文主要抨擊了如今人們養(yǎng)寵物的現(xiàn)象，一些人甚至已經(jīng)淪為寵物的奴隸，這種現(xiàn)象不禁讓人懷疑寵物和主人到底誰(shuí)才是老大，言外之意，作者認(rèn)為人們這種飼養(yǎng)寵物的方式是不可取的，故C項(xiàng)（誰(shuí)是老大？）最適合做文章標(biāo)題。DLearningasecondlanguageistrickyatanyageanditonlygetstougherthelongeryouwaittoopenthatdustyFrenchbook.Now,inanewstudy,scientistshavepinpointedtheexactageatwhichyourchancesofreachingfluencyinasecondlanguageseemtoplummet:10.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit’s“nearlyimpossible”forlanguagelearnerstoreachnative-levelfluencyiftheystartlearningasecondtongueafter10.Butthatdoesn’tseemtobebecauselanguageskillsgodownhill.“Itturnsoutyou’restilllearningfast.It’sjustthatyourunoutoftime,becauseyourabilitytolearnstartsdroppingataround17or18yearsold,”saysstudyco-authorJoshuaHartshorne,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatBostonCollege.Kidsmaybebetterthanadultsatlearningnewlanguagesformanyreasons.Children’sbrainsaremoreplasticthanthoseofadults,meaningthey’rebetterabletoadaptandrespondtonewinformation.“Alllearninginvolvesthebrainchanging,”Hartshornesays,“andchildren’sbrainsseemtobealotmoreskilledatchanging.”Kidsmayalsobemorewillingtotrynewthings(andtopotentiallylookfoolishintheprocess)thanadultsare.Theircomparativelynewgraspontheirnativetonguemayalsobeadvantageous.Unlikeadults,whotendtodefault(默認(rèn))totherulesandpatternsoftheirfirstlanguage,kidsmaybeabletoapproachanewonewithablankslate(石板).Thesefindingsmayseemdiscouraging,butitwashearteningforscientiststolearnthatthecriticalperiodforfluentlanguageacquisitionmightbelongerthantheypreviouslythought.Somescientistsbelievedthatthebriefwindowclosesshortlyafterbirth,whileothersstretcheditonlytoearlyadolescence.Comparedtothoseestimates,17or18—whenlanguagelearningabilitystartstodropoff—seemsrelativelyold.“Peoplefaredbetterwhentheylearnedbyimmersion(沉浸),ratherthansimplyinaclassroom.Andmovingtoaplacewhereyourdesiredlanguageisspokenisthebestwaytolearnasanadult.Ifthat’snotanoption,youcanmimicanimmersiveenvironmentbyfindingwaystohaveconversationswithnativespeakersintheirowncommunities,”Hartshornesays.Bydoingso,it’spossibletobecomeconversationallyproficient—evenwithouttheadvantageofachild’sbrain.12.Theunderlinedword“plummet”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto“__________”.A.decrease B.riseC.end D.vary13.WhatcanbeinferredfromJoshuaHartshorne’swords?A.Childrenaretooyoungtograspasecondlanguage.B.Age10-18isthebesttimetolearnasecondlanguage.C.Adultsgobeyondthecriticalperiodforlearningasecondlanguage.D.Communicatingwithnativespeakersenablesyoutomasterallthelanguageskills.14.Whyadultscan’treachnative-levelfluencyinasecondlanguage?A.Adultsarelessinfluencedbytheirmothertongues.B.Adultsspendmoretimerespondingtonewinformation.C.Adultsareonlytoowillingtoexperiencesomethingawkwardintheprocess.D.Adultspreferanimmersiveenvironmenttoaclassroominlearningasecondlanguage.15.Thepassageismainlyabout__________.A.thebestagetolearnasecondlanguageB.theapproachestolearningasecondlanguageC.whykidslearnasecondlanguagemoreeasilythanadultsD.whetheradultscanlearnasecondlanguageliketheiryoungerselves【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，介紹了為什么孩子比大人更容易學(xué)會(huì)一門新的語(yǔ)言。【12題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段劃線詞所在句Now,inanewstudy,scientistshavepinpointedtheexactageatwhichyourchancesofreachingfluencyinasecondlanguageseemtoplummet:10.現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們?cè)谝豁?xiàng)新的研究中精確地指出了你達(dá)到流利水平的第二語(yǔ)言的機(jī)會(huì)________確切年齡：10歲。再根據(jù)第二段中Thestudy,publishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit’s“nearlyimpossible”forlanguagelearnerstoreachnative-levelfluencyiftheystartlearningasecondtongueafter10.這篇發(fā)表在《認(rèn)知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者從10歲以后才開始學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言，他們就“幾乎不可能”達(dá)到母語(yǔ)水平的流利程度?？芍颂幈硎镜氖?0歲以后才學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言想達(dá)到流利水平的機(jī)會(huì)就會(huì)下降，因此猜測(cè)劃線詞plummet意為“下降，降低”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itturnsoutyou’restilllearningfast.It’sjustthatyourunoutoftime,becauseyourabilitytolearnstartsdroppingataround17or18yearsold,”saysstudyco-authorJoshuaHartshorne,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatBostonCollege.該研究報(bào)告的聯(lián)名作者、波士頓學(xué)院心理學(xué)助理教授喬舒亞·哈特肖恩說：“事實(shí)上，你還是能學(xué)得很快。問題在于這時(shí)候你的時(shí)間已經(jīng)不多了，因?yàn)榈搅?7~18歲左右，人的學(xué)習(xí)能力就會(huì)開始下降?！币约暗谌沃小癆lllearninginvolvesthebrainchanging,”Hartshornesays,“andchildren’sbrainsseemtobealotmoreskilledatchanging.”哈特肖恩說：“所有學(xué)習(xí)都跟大腦的改變有關(guān)，而孩子的大腦對(duì)改變的適應(yīng)能力似乎比成年人強(qiáng)得多。”可知，喬舒亞?哈特肖恩認(rèn)為成年人已經(jīng)錯(cuò)過了學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Peoplefaredbetterwhentheylearnedbyimmersion(沉浸),ratherthansimplyinaclassroom.Andmovingtoaplacewhereyourdesiredlanguageisspokenisthebestwaytolearnasanadult”Hartshornesays.喬舒亞?哈特肖恩說：“通過浸入式學(xué)習(xí)，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地在教室里學(xué)習(xí)，人們的表現(xiàn)會(huì)更好。一個(gè)成年人學(xué)外語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，最好的學(xué)習(xí)方法是搬到一個(gè)使用你想學(xué)的語(yǔ)言的地方去……”。可知，成年人在學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言時(shí)更應(yīng)該選擇身臨其境的環(huán)境而不是在教室里。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中Now,inanewstudy,scientistshavepinpointedtheexactageatwhichyourchancesofreachingfluencyinasecondlanguageseemtoplummet:10.現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們?cè)谝豁?xiàng)新的研究中精確地指出了你達(dá)到流利的第二語(yǔ)言的機(jī)會(huì)下降的確切年齡：10歲；第二段中Thestudy,publishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit’s“nearlyimpossible”forlanguagelearnerstoreachnative-levelfluencyiftheystartlearningasecondtongueafter10.這篇發(fā)表在《認(rèn)知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者從10歲以后才開始學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言，他們就“幾乎不可能”達(dá)到母語(yǔ)水平的流利程度；第三段中Kidsmaybebetterthanadultsatlearningnewlanguagesformanyreasons.在學(xué)習(xí)新語(yǔ)言方面，孩子們可能比成年人做得更好，原因有很多。再通讀全文，可知，本文主要是介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了為什么孩子比大人更容易學(xué)會(huì)第二門新的語(yǔ)言。因此選項(xiàng)C“whykidslearnasecondlanguagemoreeasilythanadults”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共五小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Manypeoplearestuckinalifetheydon’twant,heldinplacebyeverythingfromfinancialrestrictionstosocietalpressures.Ifyouarelookingtopursueyourdreams,itcanbediscouragingtochangeeverythingatonce.____16____Writedownyourgoalstogetthemoutofyourheadandintoreality.Behonestwithyourselfaboutwhatyouwant,nomatterhowimpossibleitseemsandignorewhatyou“should”dobasedontheviewsofyourfriends,familyorsociety.____17____Don’tleaveanythingout,nomatterhowsmallorsillyitsounds.Lookatthethemesofyourlisttogetanideaofwhatyourdreamlifewilllooklike.____18____Chooseonethatisrelativelyeasytoaccomplish,onethatisdoablebutwillrequireworkandonethatseemsimpossiblebasedonyourcurrentcircumstancesandlifestyle.Listthestepsyouwillneedtotaketogettoeachgoal,gettingdowntothelittledetails.____19____Eachtimeyoucompleteoneofthesteps,crossitoffsoyoucancelebratetheprocessinadditiontotheendresult.Whenyouachievethegoal,findawaytocontinueintegrating(使成為一體)itintoyourlife.Figureouthowyoucanworkyoursecondtwogoalsintoyourlife._____20_____Ifyourbigdreamistoquityourjobandtraveltheworld,startasavingsaccountthatisdedicatedtotravelmoneyandsetasideasmallamounteachweekforthreeyears.Planyourstepslikethisandtheywillbedoableandfitsmoothlyintoyourlife.A.Seeksupportfromyourfriendsandfamily.B.YouwillneedtohavecouragetomakechangesC.Identifythetopthreethingsthatwillgetyouclosertoyourdreamlife.D.Startwithyoursmallestgoalandworkthroughthestepsuntilyouachieveit.E.Chooseadeadlineforeachgoal,whetheritisoneyeardowntheroadorfive.F.Listthethingsyouwanttoaccomplishinyourlife,bothpersonalandprofessional.G.Instead,makesmall,gradualchangestopreparethewaytoadreamlifetomaketheprocesseasier.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.D20.E【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何通過做一些小的、漸進(jìn)的改變來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想?！?6題詳解】空前說如果你想追求你的夢(mèng)想，一下子改變一切會(huì)讓你灰心喪氣，此處承接這一話題，并與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，提到一種正確的做法，G項(xiàng)中的makesmall,gradualchanges與空前的changeeverything形成對(duì)比，故G項(xiàng)（相反，做一些小的、漸進(jìn)的改變來準(zhǔn)備通往夢(mèng)想生活的道路，讓這個(gè)過程更容易）符合語(yǔ)境?！?7題詳解】空后說不要漏掉任何事情，無論它聽起來多么的小，因此此處是說要列出一些事情，故F項(xiàng)（列出你想在生活中完成的事情，包括個(gè)人的和職業(yè)的）符合語(yǔ)境。【18題詳解】空后說根據(jù)你目前的情況和生活方式，選擇一個(gè)相對(duì)容易完成的，一個(gè)是可行但將需要工作，一個(gè)似乎不可能的，C項(xiàng)中的three與空后的三個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)從句相一致，故C項(xiàng)（找出能讓你離夢(mèng)想生活更近的三件事）符合語(yǔ)境。【19題詳解】空后說每次完成其中一步時(shí)，將其劃掉，這樣除了最終結(jié)果之外，還可以慶祝這個(gè)過程，這說明此處是說要如何一步一步完成目標(biāo)，D項(xiàng)中的achieve與空后的complete相一致，故D項(xiàng)（從最小的一步開始，直到你完成你的目標(biāo)）符合語(yǔ)境?！?0題詳解】空后具體舉例説如果你的大夢(mèng)想是辭掉工作，環(huán)游世界，那就開一個(gè)儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶，專門存一筆錢，每周存一小筆錢，存上三年。像這樣計(jì)劃你的步驟，它們將是可行的，并順利地融入你的生活，這說明要為自己的目標(biāo)設(shè)置一個(gè)期限并嚴(yán)格去執(zhí)行，故E項(xiàng)（為每一個(gè)目標(biāo)選擇一個(gè)截止日期，不管是一年還是五年）符合語(yǔ)境。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)Christmaswasnearaseasonthatwetookseriouslyinourhouse.Butaweekorsobeforethe25th,myfatherwouldgiveeachofhischildren﹩20.Thiswasthe1970s,and﹩20wasquiteabitofmoney．ButIsawit___21___．Myfathertrustedmetohavethe___22___tospendmoneywisely.Evenbetter,hegavemethe___23___togetit.Onaverybasiclevel，myfatherwasgivingmeashoppingspree（狂歡）everyyear.Buthewasalsogivingmechargeovermyownfun,trustingmyabilitytomanagemoneyandmakingmefeellikea/an____24____.Hedidn'tbuymeSherlockHolmes,buthegavemethemeanstowalkintothebookstoreandchooseitformyself,soitfeltlikeagiftfromhim．Mymotherhada/an___25___forgivingmewhatIneeded,usuallyrightatthemomentIneededitmost.ThiswaswhenIwas25,I___26___atbeinganadultonmyveryfirsttry.Ihadquittedmy___27___jobbuthadnonewone.Butwhenmymotherpaidmeavisit,I___28___agoodshow,tellingherIhadstartedmyowncompany．MymotherknewthatIwastryinghardandfailingatthattime.Itwasn'tuntil___29___sheleftthatInoticedatthefootofmybedanenvelopethickwith____30____．Sheknewhow____31____Ineededit．Sheknewthathadshejustshownupwithgroceries，oroffertopaymyrent,shewouldhavemademefeelmuch____32____．Thecold，hardcashmeantshewashelpingme.And,funnilyenough,the_____33_____withwhichshegavethegiftfeltlikeshewasgivingmespaceto_____34_____mylifeandpreservemydignity．Mymotherandfatherbothdidthesamething.Onewasgivingmethemeanstotakemyowndecisions，andtheotherwasgivingmeasecond_____35_____whenthosedecisionshadcostmedearly．21.A.positively B.differently C.naturally D.originally22.A.intelligence B.passion C.power D.potential23.A.courage B.suggestions C.discipline D.means24.A.grown-up B.teenager C.adventurer D.pioneer25.A.habit B.gift C.approach D.tradition26.A.failed B.fooled C.dropped D.fell27.A.important B.creative C.challenging D.previous28.A.puton B.putaway C.putoff D.putforward29.A.before B.after C.when D.as30.A.credit B.loans C.receipts D.cash31.A.desperately B.hardly C.eventually D.accurately32.A.better B.more C.less D.worse33.A.decoration B.love C.distance D.method34.A.defend B.equip C.fix D.develop35.A.solution B.chance C.visit D.assistance【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.B26.A27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者從講述圣誕節(jié)父母給自己的不同禮物，說到父母對(duì)自己偉大的、理智的愛讓作者在成長(zhǎng)的過程中越來越堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。父親教會(huì)他做決定的方法，母親在他因所做決定損失慘重時(shí)給予幫助，讓他再一次擁有機(jī)會(huì)。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我的看法不同。A.positively樂觀地；B.differently不同地；C.naturally自然地；D.originally最初地。結(jié)合下文父親充分相信作者和本句but可知作者并不認(rèn)為20美元是孩子不能花的巨額現(xiàn)金，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父親相信我有明智花錢的智慧。A.intelligence智慧；B.passion熱情；C.power權(quán)力；D.potential潛力。由本句的wisely判斷此處用“智慧”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更好是，他教我方法來獲得它。A.courage勇氣；B.suggestions建議；C.discipline紀(jì)