2021-2022學(xué)年上海市靜安區(qū)高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（一模）

第1頁(yè)（共1頁(yè)）2021-2022學(xué)年上海市靜安區(qū)高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（一模）Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularyDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.1．（10分）Rereadingisaguiltypleasureformanyreaders.Howcanakeenreaderabandonhisto﹣be﹣readlistandwastetimewithabookhealreadyknows？Atthesametime，accordingtomanyexperts，theactofrereading（1）（regard），withoutdoubt，astheonlywaytotrulyunderstandatext.Academicsmostoftendiscussthebenefitofrereadingasawaytogaindeepunderstandingsofcomplextextsandoftheself.Teachersofearlyreading﹣agechildrenagreethatrereadingimprovesunderstandingbeyondbasicwords.Foradults，rereadingisnecessarytounderstandingatextwellsothatgoodcriticalarguments（2）bemade.Rereadinghelpstobuildabetterunderstandingofabook.（3）rereading，manyreadersfinditimpossibletoappreciateawriter'ssubtletalentsortocomprehendatext'sinnerideasandthemes.Rereadingisalsoanactofself﹣reflection.Thepracticeofpurposefulrereadingin（4）createsakindofself﹣consciousness.Sincethebookneverchanges，itfunctionsasaconstant（恒量）（5）canbeusedtomeasurethereader'sgrowth.Itisawaytore﹣examinethereaderhimselfandthechangeshe（6）（undergo）sincetheinitialreading.Ofcourse，therearepossibledrawbackstorereadingaswell.Rereadingtakestime，（7）（draw）thereadersawayfromtheirto﹣be﹣readlist.Andit'shardtoimagine（8）frustratingitcanbeifabelovedbookfallsshortofyourrosymemoriesinrereading.AccordingtoDavidGalef，emotionslikepleasure，excitement，andcuriositycausethereadertorushthroughastoryandpassovertheinnercomplexity（9）（appreciate）inre﹣readings，andyettheyarealsoimportantelementsthatmaybedulledbythoserepeatedreadings.Furthermore，（10）yourrereadingisfocusedandintentionalaboutgainingnewthoughts，itmaynotresultinimprovedunderstanding.SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.2．（10分）A.confusedB.adaptableC.floatingD.decayingE.attemptsF.imitatedG.attachedH.signsI.samplesJ.relativelyK.steadyThoughitisnotunusualtofindmarineanimalsundertheAntarcticaseafloor，researchershadalwaysassumedthattherewouldbefew（1）oflifefartherawayfromopenwaterandsunlight.However，thediscoveryoffilter﹣feeding（濾食的）organisms﹣﹣160milesawayfromtheopenocean，withtemperaturesof﹣2.2℃andundercompletedarkness﹣﹣suggeststhatlifeintheworld'sharshestenvironmentmaybemore（2）thanpreviouslythought.In2017，BASgeologistJamesSmithandhiscolleaguesconductedathree﹣monthexpeditiontothemiddleofAntarctica'sFilchner﹣RonneIceShelf，tocollect（3）oftheseafloordeposits.Theteamdrilledthroughthehalf﹣mileoficebypumpingalmost20，000litersofhotwaterthroughapipe.Afterabout20hoursofpainstakingwork，theywerefinallyabletoreachtheseabedunderneath.However，whenthescientistsloweredtheinstrument，alongwithacamera，tocollectthesoil，itcameupempty.Aftermultiplefailed（4）﹣eachroundtriptakingaboutanhour﹣theresearcherstookacloserlookatthefootageandnoticedamassivestonesittingamidthe（5）flatseabed.Evenmoresurprisingly，therockwascoveredwithstationaryanimals，likesponges（海綿）andpotentiallyunknownspecies.Thefindinghas（6）manyscientistsgiventhatcertainorganisms，suchasspongesandcoralpolyps（珊瑚蟲(chóng)），whichlivetheirentirelives（7）torocks，orotherhardsurfaces，needfoodsupplies.Intheopenwater，the"marinesnow，"asthefoodiscalled，comesfrom（8）organicmatter，whichdriftsdownfromtheupperwaterstothedeepocean.However，thespeciesinsuchdeptharetoofarfromtheopenseatoreceive（9）suppliesofnutrients.Tomakemattersworse，duetothearea'sstrongoceancurrents，thefoodhastotravelanywherefrom370to930milestogettothem."Thisisbyfarthefurthestunderaniceshelfthatwe'veseenanyofthesefilter﹣feedinganimals，"saidSmith."Thesethingsarestuckonarockandonlygetfedifsomethingcomes（10）along."Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.3．（15分）Mostofushavenodifficultyrecognizingluckwhenit'sonapparentdisplay，aswhensomeonewinsthelottery.But（1）oftenplaysoutindelicatewaysandit'seasytoconstructnarrativesthatportraysuccessasoutofeverythingbutluck.Thesemisleadingstorieshavesurprisingimplicationsforhumanmindset，downplayingthepowerofchances.ConsiderthehistoryoftheMonaLisa.Afterhavingstayedinthe（2）formostofitsearlyexistence，thepaintingwaspushedintothespotlightin1911whenitwasstolenfromLouvre.Thefamoustheftremained（3）fortwoyearsuntilamaintenanceworkerwasarrestedaftertryingtosellthepainting.Hisarrestcausedasecondwaveof（4）withthepaintingoneveryone'slips.Asintheartworld，itissotoointheworldofwork.Almosteverycareerpathconsistsofasequenceofsteps，eachofwhichdependsonformerones.Inevitably，someofthose（5）stepscanbeinfluencedbychancefactors，which，asaresult，aresuretoaffectthefollowingprocess.Soitisreasonabletoconcludethat（6）allsuccessfulcareersinvolveatleastacertaindegreeofluck.One'sdateofbirth（7），forexample.Accordingtoastudy，mostchildrenborninthesummertendtobeamongtheyoungestmembersoftheirclass，whichexplainswhytheyarelesslikelytohold（8）positionsduringhighschoolandthus.lesslikelytolandgoodjobslaterinlife.Toacknowledgethepowerofchanceeventsisnottosuggestthatsuccessisindependentof（9）.CharlieMungerhassaid，"Thesafestwaytogetwhatyouwantisto（10）whatyouwant."Ofcourse，luckcountstoo.Beingborninagoodeducationsystemisakindofluckwecancontrol﹣thatis，atleastwecandecidehowluckyourchildrenwillbe.ButinAmerica，we'vebeendoingabadjobasthebudgetforeducationhas（11）.Thehumantendencyto（12）luck'srolehascausedthistroublingstatebyunwillingnesstoinvestineducation.thestrongsystemofwhichcanproduce（13）forthenextgeneration.Luckily，thereisasolution.Guidingpeopleto（14）theirgoodfortunetendstomakethemmorewillingtocontributetothe（15），accordingtoastudy.Sotrytoengageyoursuccessfulfriendsinreviewsabouttheirexperienceswithluck.Intheprocess，thenextgeneration'soddsofsuccessmaywellincreaseandmeanwhile，allthesocialmembersaremorelikelytoenjoytheimprovedpublicservice.（1）A.randomnessB.potentialC.masterpieceD.success（2）A.emergencyB.maintenanceC.reviewD.shade（3）A.accidentalB.unsolvedC.officialD.objective（4）A.protestB.suspicionC.publicityD.investigation（5）A.previousB.negativeC.realisticD.entire（6）A.virtuallyB.sustainablyC.adequatelyD.negatively（7）A.occursB.contractsC.mattersD.approaches（8）A.accessibleB.originalC.superiorD.secure（9）A.effortB.logicC.relationshipD.investment（10）A.deserveB.evaluateC.modifyD.exploit（11）A.shoneB.shrunkC.balloonedD.flown（12）A.preserveB.popularizeC.underestimateD.revolutionize（13）A.challengeB.luckC.motivationD.experience（14）A.reflectonB.saveonC.adjusttoD.liveon（15）A.mutualunderstandingB.mentalfitnessC.familyvalueD.commongoodSectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B，C.andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.4．（6分）Alineofmentuggedonropesanddroppedfromtheshipintothesea，withagroupofSaibspreparedtopullthemlaterfromtheseabottom.Nasser，oneofthedrivers，climbedovertherailingoftheshipandhisSaibemptiedhisbasketfullofshellsontothedeck."Getmesomethingtofillmystomachwith，boy."Iknewhewasteasingasheismyfather'sgoodfriend."ButI'mnolongeranerrandboy.I'madiver，likemyfatherwas.""Yourfatherwasbaldanddeaf，liketherestofus，"Nasserlaughed.ThesaltyArabianGulfproducedthefinestpearlsintheworldwhilethesaltywateralsomadediverslosetheirhair.Letalonethehighpressurewhichcostthemtheirhearing.Ihadshavedmyhead，inwhichwayIfeltmorelikearealdiver.Ofcourse，there'snoneedformetoworryaboutthehairproblem."I′vedivedtheshallowseasbefore，andIcanholdmybreathforawholeminute.""Justpullyourropebeforeyoufeelbreathless."Hethendisappearedintothewateragain.Itiedaheavystonetomyfootwitharope.Takingonemoredeepbreath，Ipluggedmynoseandjumped.Withthestonefinallyhittingtheseabedwithathump，Ifreedmyfootfromtherope.Iscratchedattherockyridge（脊），whenthreeoystersdroppedintomyhands.Ievendidn'thaveenoughtimetofeelsurprisedathoweasythejobwasbeforeIfeltbreathless.Outofhorror，Idraggedtherope.Knowingthat，farabove，theSaib'sstrongarmsstrainedtopullmetowardthesurface，Iremindedmyselftoendureforalittlemoretime.JustwhenIthoughtmylungswouldburst，myearspoppedandtherewaslight.Nasserburstthroughthewater.Heremovedhisnoseplugandgrinnedatmelookingatthethreepitifulshellsonthedeck."Notbadforanerrandboy."Seeingmeupsetwithmyheaddown，hepattedme"It'syourfirstforsuchadepth.Youdidbetterthanallofus."Cheeringup，Iwrappedtheemptybasketaroundmyneckandraisedmychin，"I'mapearldiver."（1）AccordingtoNasser，whatdidanerrandboyusuallydo？A.Pulldiversfromthesea.B.Emptybasketsfordivers.C.Servesnacksfordivers.D.Diveforshells.（2）Whydidtheauthorhavehishaircut？A.Becausehetriedtoavoidlosinghair.B.Becausealldivershadshavedhair.C.Becausehighpressuremadehimbald.D.Becausehewantedtolookprofessional.（3）Whydidtheauthorgetlittleharvest？A.Becausetherewerenotmanypearlsinthearea.B.Becausehestilllackedexperienceinthejob.C.BecausetheSaibpulledhimuptooearlywithoutpermission.D.Becausetherockyridgewastoorough.5．（8分）ThesesummerfestivalsinNewOrleansarefewofthehottesthappeningstheCityhastoofferforholidayseekers.OysterFestivalThere'sanoldsayingthatit'sonlysafetoeatoystersinmonthsendingin'R'，whichwasgoodadviceintheagebeforerefrigerationbecameafashion.Andthat'sexactlywhyoriginallytheNewOrleansOysterFestivalwasheldinJune，tobreakupthemythaslocalsneverbotheredtopreservethecreatureswiththeirhabitofdirectlyeatingtheseafood，freshfromthesea.Today，featuringoystersharvestedfromtheGulfofMexico，OysterFestisacelebrationoftheworld'sfavoritefood.Ifyou'veeverwantedtoenjoythelegendaryoystersatDrago'swheretherecipeoriginatedortakeabiteoutofanoysterthesizeofahamburger，OysterFestisforyou.WhentoGo：June3﹣4EssenceFestivalNewOrleansholdsaspecialplaceinAfrican﹣Americanlifeandhistory，soitshouldbenosurprisethecityhostsafestivalcelebratingAfrican﹣AmericanmusicandcultureintheUnitedStates.Withfreeadmission，EssenceFestival，organizedbytheAfrican﹣Americanwomen'smagazineofthesamename，isacombinationoffourdaysofdynamicspeechesandashowcaseofAfrican﹣Americanartists.WhentoGo：June29﹣July2Cajun﹣ZydecoFestivalSouthernLouisianaishometoavarietyofrich，uniquecultures，andonaweekendinJuneinNewOrleans，oneofthem﹣Cajun﹣isonfulldisplay.TheheartofCajuncountryisinsouth﹣centralLouisiana，astrongshowcaseofCajunculture，forwhichtheCajun﹣ZydecoFestivalemerged.Ontheparticularweekend，yougetreadytochewdownontraditionalfoodlikeCajungumboateateries，buyCajuncrafts，andpurchaseaCajunT﹣shirt.WhentoGo：June24﹣25RunningoftheBullsDuetoitshistory，theSpanishinfluencestillshowsitselfinNewOrleans.ThearchitecturalstyleoftheFrenchQuarterisactuallyfromSpain，andNewOrleans'sannualRunningoftheBullsis，inpart，anodtothecity'sSpanishheritage.UnliketheSpanishfestivalinPamplona，the"bulls"intheFestarenotactualbullsbutthewomenoftheBigRollerderbyteam.Howevertheydochasedownwhite﹣andred﹣clothedfestival﹣goers，ifinfuriated.Thereforebehaveyourselforbepreparedtorunforlife.WhentoGo：July7﹣9（1）WhywasNewOrleansOysterFestivalheldinJuneinthefirstplace？A.Becauserefrigeratorcouldbeusedtostoreoysters.B.Becauseitwasnoteasyforoysterstogobadinsummer.C.Becauseoysterscouldbecookedinvariouswaystoextendstorageperiod.D.BecauseNewOrleansoysterswereusuallyservedraw.（2）Theunderlinedword"infuriated"isclosestinmeaningto.A.exhibitedB.color﹣blindedC.angeredD.cheated（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.OysterFestivalnowadaysisdesignedforpeopleseekingthehistoryofoysterharvest.B.EssenceFestivalcelebratesthefreedomofAfrican﹣Americanwomen.C.Cajun﹣ZydecoFestivalismainlycelebratedthroughdiningandshopping.D.NewOrleanshasbeenstrippedofSpanishinfluence.（4）Inwhichmagazinedoesthepassagemostprobablyappear？A.VacationGuide.B.GenuineRecipe.C.ArchitectureVision.D.MusicBillboard.6．（8分）Youmaybefamiliarwiththestatisticthat90%oftheworld'sdatawerecreatedinthelastfewyears.Thebiggestsetbackwithsucharateofinformationincreaseisthatthepresentmomentwillalwaysemergefarlargerthanthepast.Short﹣sightednessisbuiltintothestructure，intheformofanoverwhelmingtendencytoover﹣estimatenear﹣termmessagesattheexpenseofhistory.Tounderstandwhythismatters，considerthefindingsfromsocialscienceabout'recencybias（傾向）'，whichdescribesthetendencytoassumethatfutureeventswillcloselyresemblerecentexperience.Peopletendtobasethinkingdisproportionatelyonwhatevercomesmosteasilytomind.It'salsoworthrememberingthatnoveltytendstobeadominantconsiderationwhendecidingwhatdatatokeepordelete.Outwiththeoldandinwiththenew.That'sthedigitaltrendinaworldwheresearchalgorithms（算法）aresystematicallybiasedtowardsfreshness.Theyaredesignedinlinewithhumanpreference.Suchabiastowardsthepresentisstructurallyrootedinthehumanweaknessthatwekeepdesertingthingsweoncecherishedsimplybecausewegrowtiredofthem.What'sreallyneededissomethingthoughtofas"intelligentforgetting"：learningtoletgooftheimmediatepastinordertokeepitslargercontinuitiesinview.It'sanactsimilartoorganisingaphotographalbum﹣althoughwithmoremaths.Whenaretwomillionphotographslessvaluablethantwothousand？Manydatasetsareirreducibleandmostpreciouswhencomplete：genesequences；demographic（人口的）data；theraw，hardknowledgeofgeographyandphysics.Thesofterthescience，however，themorethatscaleislikelytobereverselyconnectedwithquality.Inthesecases，timeitselfisratherimportantasatouchstonetojudgethevalueofdata.Eitherwechoosecarefullywhatendures，mattersandmeaningfullycapturesourpast﹣oritsfootprintissilentlyreplacedbythepresent'sgrowingnoise.Meregatheringisnocure﹣allanswer.Inaneraofbiggerandbiggerdata，theleadingwarningforthosewhohavetomakedecisionsisthatwhatyouchoosenottoknowmattersjustasmuchaswhatyoudo.（1）Whatisthemajorproblemwiththeexplosionofrecentinformation？ATrendsaretooquicklyproduced.B.Peoplehavepooreyesightafterviewingtoomuchinformation.C.Presentinformationisgiventoomuchemphasis.D.Predictionforfuturedevelopmentlargelydependsonthepastinformation.（2）Whatcauseswidespreadpreferencefornewness？A.Thatalgorithmsrequiresthelatesttomakeaccurateprediction.B.Thathumansareaccustomedtolosinginterestinoldthings.C.Thatshortrenewedperiodisthefeatureofmoderndata.D.Thatsearchalgorithmskeepuncoveringthevalueofthenewness.（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.Recentpastexperienceisrarelyusedtoprovidereferenceforfutureevents.B.Thequalityofgeographicknowledgedependsonphotosortingratherthanfulldata.C.Intelligentforgettingreferstoreplacingtheimmediatepastwithfar﹣backdata.D.Timehelpsustoevaluatedatawhenthequalityisn'tinlinewithquality.（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Thesideeffectofdigitalinnovation.B.Thevaluesofcompletedatainsoftersubjects.C.Thedatadiscriminationcausedbyalgorithms.D.Thefaultypreferenceforfreshdataandwaysout.SectionCDirections：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.7．（8分）A.Andonecouldcomeupwithanynumberoftheoriesforwhythecurrentteamakinganddrinkinghabitsareinevitable.B.Thoughtregardedasaformofsimpleact，teamakingcanvarybetweencultures.C.Theteais，aboveall，creditedwiththeabilitytorepresentdifferentindividualpersonalities.D.Foodchoicesaredrivenbyone'senvironment﹣thecontext.E.Teamakingistheperfectreplacementactivity.F.Evenonespoonfulisabitsuspiciousunlessotherdetailsclearlyshowotherwise.TeahasbecomerootedintheBritishwayoflife，fromthehumbleteabreaktotheafternoonteatobeenjoyed﹣﹣inajacketandtie，ofcourse.（1）Boilingwatertomaketea，forinstance，makesitlesslikelytogiveyouastomachbug.Butwhatarethesecretsorevencruelrealitiesbehindthetasteofthisbelovedbeverage？AnthropologistKateFoxwritesinherbookWatchingtheEnglishthatthereareseveralclearmessagessentwheneveraBritmakesacup.Sheobservesthatthestrongestbrewsofblacktea﹣withthelargestdosesofflavourfactors﹣aretypicallydrunkbytheworkingclass.Theflavorgetsprogressivelyweakerasonegoesupthesocialladder.Milkandsweetenerhavetheirowncodes.Accordingtoher，takingsugarinyourteainBritainisregularlybymanyasadefinitelower﹣classindicator.（2）Otherimplicationsinvolvewhenandhowmilkisadded，ifany.MakingapointofdrinkingsmokyLapsangSouchong（正山小種紅茶）withnosugarofmilkcanbeasignofclassanxietyinthemiddleclass，F(xiàn)oxsuggests.It'sasfaraspossibleasonecangetfromsweet，strong，milkycupsofno﹣nonsense'builder'stea'.Afoodscientistpointedoutsomethingthatseemstoapplyhere."（3）"Youlikewhatyoulikenotnecessarilybecauseofthetasteofit，thoughtobviouslyonecandevelopatasteforalmostanything.Afoodordrink'srealimportanceinyourlifemaybebecauseofeverythingthatsurroundsit﹣thecultureofit.Foxalsoobservesthat，alongsideitschemicalproperties，teaisasocialspace﹣filler.Manymeaninglessmomentscanbeoccupiedbyteaanditsrelatedevents.（4）WhenevertheEnglishfeelawkwardoruncomfortableinasocialsituation，theycooktea.Ⅳ.SummaryWriting8．（10分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Youstillneedabetterreasontoplantatree？Policearen'tcheapandneitherarelawyers，judges，andalltheotherlayersthatmakeupthejusticesystem.Buttreesandsomegrass，incomparison，arearealbargain，andtheyprovetobeeffectiveinfightingcrimes.Manycitiesusedtolaunchprogramstoplantvegetationalongroadwaystohelpabsorbrainwater.Aftertracking14typesofcrimeinnearbyareas，MichelleKondo，asocialscientistfoundthatavarietyofcrimesincludingpropertycrimessuchastheftandburglary，andviolentcrimessuchasarmedfightsandmayheminthoseareasdecreasedto27percent，astunning18percentfall.Kondobelievedtheappearanceofcitytrucksandvansinthelandscapedareas﹣forplantingandmaintenance﹣wasenoughtoscareawaypotentialcriminals.Kondo'sstudyalsoworkedonthelinkbetweengrasslandcareanddecreaseofthecrimeindowntownareas.It'stemptingtouseincomeastheconnection.Afterall，ifyouhavethecrimeandmoneytowateryourlawn，youprobablyliveinaneighborhoodthatseeslesscrime.Butactually，peoplearelesslikelytohanginthoseareaswherethestreetsaremaintainedorcleaned."Youwillseelesskidshangingonthecorners，"Kondosaid.Hearguedthatcautionofthelocalpeopleimpliedbytheorganizedgreeneryhelpedtofrightenawayill﹣intentionedguys，byannouncingtowould﹣becriminalsthatthereare"eyesonthestreet"thatcarefortheirneighborhoodandwouldbemorelikelytoreportacrime.Wealreadyknowgreeneryisbeautifultolookatandcanhelpimprovemoodandhealthwhilereducingpollution.Nowwecanaddcrime﹣fightingtothelistofvegetation'smanybenefits.Therefore，areyoureadytoplantatree？TranslationDirections：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.9．（3分）為防止病人走錯(cuò)，墻上貼上了箭頭。（sothat）10．（3分）一條蜿蜒的步道穿過(guò)森林，成為該地區(qū)的特色景觀。（which）11．（4分）合格的管理者，不必事事親力親為，而應(yīng)善于使每個(gè)員工發(fā)揮所長(zhǎng)。（good）12．（5分）與普通的觀點(diǎn)相反，牛奶作為助眠劑的作用與其所含營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分無(wú)關(guān)，而是與這一睡前習(xí)慣所產(chǎn)生的心理暗示有關(guān)。（contrary）Ⅵ.GuidedWriting13．（25分）Direction：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120﹣150wordsaccordingtotheinstructiongivenbelowinChinese.你是高三學(xué)生李華，你所屬的學(xué)校創(chuàng)意社團(tuán)目前正在開(kāi)展一項(xiàng)模擬推廣活動(dòng)：向社區(qū)年輕人推廣以下三個(gè)備選項(xiàng)目：1.推廣一個(gè)國(guó)貨運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋品牌（aChinesebrandofsportsshoes）；2.推廣一個(gè)社區(qū)夜市（acommunitynightmarket）；3.推廣一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)步app（astepcountapp）。請(qǐng)向社團(tuán)委員會(huì)（societyboard）寫(xiě)一封信，提交你的想法。信中必須包括：1.你選擇推廣的項(xiàng)目。2.你選擇該項(xiàng)目的理由。3.你的推廣方案。（信中不得出現(xiàn)考生姓名、學(xué)校等真實(shí)信息）

2021-2022學(xué)年上海市靜安區(qū)高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（一模）參考答案與試題解析Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularyDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.1．（10分）Rereadingisaguiltypleasureformanyreaders.Howcanakeenreaderabandonhisto﹣be﹣readlistandwastetimewithabookhealreadyknows？Atthesametime，accordingtomanyexperts，theactofrereading（1）isregarded（regard），withoutdoubt，astheonlywaytotrulyunderstandatext.Academicsmostoftendiscussthebenefitofrereadingasawaytogaindeepunderstandingsofcomplextextsandoftheself.Teachersofearlyreading﹣agechildrenagreethatrereadingimprovesunderstandingbeyondbasicwords.Foradults，rereadingisnecessarytounderstandingatextwellsothatgoodcriticalarguments（2）canbemade.Rereadinghelpstobuildabetterunderstandingofabook.（3）Withoutrereading，manyreadersfinditimpossibletoappreciateawriter'ssubtletalentsortocomprehendatext'sinnerideasandthemes.Rereadingisalsoanactofself﹣reflection.Thepracticeofpurposefulrereadingin（4）realitycreatesakindofself﹣consciousness.Sincethebookneverchanges，itfunctionsasaconstant（恒量）（5）that/whichcanbeusedtomeasurethereader'sgrowth.Itisawaytore﹣examinethereaderhimselfandthechangeshe（6）hasundergone（undergo）sincetheinitialreading.Ofcourse，therearepossibledrawbackstorereadingaswell.Rereadingtakestime，（7）drawing（draw）thereadersawayfromtheirto﹣be﹣readlist.Andit'shardtoimagine（8）howfrustratingitcanbeifabelovedbookfallsshortofyourrosymemoriesinrereading.AccordingtoDavidGalef，emotionslikepleasure，excitement，andcuriositycausethereadertorushthroughastoryandpassovertheinnercomplexity（9）appreciation（appreciate）inre﹣readings，andyettheyarealsoimportantelementsthatmaybedulledbythoserepeatedreadings.Furthermore，（10）if/whenyourrereadingisfocusedandintentionalaboutgainingnewthoughts，itmaynotresultinimprovedunderstanding.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是重讀的好處和壞處?！窘獯稹浚?）isregarded．考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：與此同時(shí)，許多專家認(rèn)為，重讀的行為無(wú)疑是真正理解文本的唯一途徑。通篇是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，重讀是被認(rèn)為是真正理解文本的唯一途徑，因此句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即is/aredone，主語(yǔ)"theactofrereading"是單數(shù)，因此空格處是isregarded，故填isregarded。（2）can．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：對(duì)于成年人來(lái)說(shuō)，為了更好地理解一篇文章，重新閱讀是必要的，這樣才能提出好的批評(píng)論點(diǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示"重新閱讀是必要的，可以提出好的批評(píng)論點(diǎn)"，因此空格處表示"可以或能夠"，空格后是動(dòng)詞原形，因此空格處是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，故填can。（3）Without．考查介詞。句意：如果不重讀，許多讀者就不可能欣賞到作者微妙的才能，也不可能理解一篇文章的內(nèi)在思想和主題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，句子表示"如果不重讀，許多讀者就不可能欣賞到作者微妙的才能"，因此空格處表示"沒(méi)有"，空格后是動(dòng)名詞rereading，因此空格處是介詞without，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)，故填Without。（4）reality．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：實(shí)際上有目的的重讀創(chuàng)造了一種自我意識(shí)。根據(jù)前面的"Rereadingisalsoanactofself﹣reflection"可知，句子表示"實(shí)際上有目的的重讀實(shí)踐創(chuàng)造了一種自我意識(shí)"，inreality是固定短語(yǔ)，意為"實(shí)際上"，因此空格處是reality，故填reality。（5）that/which．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：由于書(shū)是不變的，所以它的作用是一個(gè)常數(shù)，可以用來(lái)衡量讀者的成長(zhǎng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞constant是物，因此空格處用關(guān)系代詞that/which，故填that/which。（6）hasundergone．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這是一種重新審視讀者自身及其自最初閱讀以來(lái)所經(jīng)歷的變化的方式。由since可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)he是單數(shù)，因此空格處是hasundergone，故填hasundergone。（7）drawing．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：重讀需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間，把讀者從他們的閱讀清單上引開(kāi)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中謂語(yǔ)是takes，空格處是非謂語(yǔ)形式，Rereading和draw之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，故填drawing。（8）how．考查副詞。句意：如果你重讀一本心愛(ài)的書(shū)，卻沒(méi)有留下美好的回憶，那是多么令人沮喪啊！根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示"如果你重讀一本心愛(ài)的書(shū)，卻沒(méi)有留下美好的回憶，那是多么令人沮喪啊"，空格處用表示"多么"的how，故填how。（9）appreciation．考查名詞。句意：DavidGalef認(rèn)為，快樂(lè)、興奮和好奇等情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致讀者匆匆讀完故事，在重讀時(shí)忽略對(duì)故事內(nèi)在復(fù)雜性的欣賞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示"快樂(lè)、興奮和好奇等情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致讀者匆匆讀完故事，在重讀時(shí)忽略對(duì)故事內(nèi)在復(fù)雜性的欣賞"，因此空格處用名詞，作賓語(yǔ)，appreciate的名詞是appreciation，意為"欣賞"，是不可數(shù)名詞，故填appreciation。（10）if/when．考查從屬連詞。句意：此外，如果（當(dāng)）你的重讀是為了獲得新的想法，它可能不會(huì)導(dǎo)致更好的理解。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示"如果你的重讀是為了獲得新的想法，它可能不會(huì)導(dǎo)致更好的理解"，空格處表示"如果"，用連詞if，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，也可以用when（當(dāng)……的時(shí)候）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故填if/when?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】語(yǔ)法填空題是考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。解題時(shí)，要在理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，如詞性，時(shí)態(tài)，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，連接詞，代詞，冠詞等判斷空白處應(yīng)填寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容。答完后，還要通讀全文，核對(duì)所填單詞形式是否正確，是否符合語(yǔ)境。SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.2．（10分）A.confusedB.adaptableC.floatingD.decayingE.attemptsF.imitatedG.attachedH.signsI.samplesJ.relativelyK.steadyThoughitisnotunusualtofindmarineanimalsundertheAntarcticaseafloor，researchershadalwaysassumedthattherewouldbefew（1）Hoflifefartherawayfromopenwaterandsunlight.However，thediscoveryoffilter﹣feeding（濾食的）organisms﹣﹣160milesawayfromtheopenocean，withtemperaturesof﹣2.2℃andundercompletedarkness﹣﹣suggeststhatlifeintheworld'sharshestenvironmen