小學(xué)英語四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句

小學(xué)英語四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句小學(xué)英語四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句27/27第27頁，共27頁小學(xué)英語四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句小學(xué)英語四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的詳解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句定義1．肯定句：表示肯定的意思,即不含有否定詞“不”。我是一個學(xué)生Iamastudent.他去上學(xué)Hegoestoschool.2．否定句：表示否定的意思。我不是一個男孩。Iamnotaboy他不去上學(xué)Hedoesnotgotoschool.3.一般疑問句：回答為“是yes”或者“否no”的問句。你是一個學(xué)生嗎？Areyouastudent?你喜歡英語嗎？DoyoulikeEnglish?4.特殊疑問句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的問句，根據(jù)提問內(nèi)容具體回答?，F(xiàn)在幾點了？What’sthetime?哪一支筆是你的？Whichisyourpen?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換有am,is,are的句子肯定句變否定句：在am,is,are后面加上not,其余按順序照抄?？隙ň渥円话阋蓡柧洌喊補(bǔ)m,is,are提前放到句首并大寫Am,Is,Are,其余照抄。肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分3步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分（劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)）第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分?？隙ň?、否定句和一般疑問句的互換肯定句：Thisisabook.否定句：Thisisnotabook.一般疑問句：Isthisabook?肯定回答：Yes,itis.否定回答：No,itisn’t.就劃線部分提問(變特殊疑問句)Thisisabook.第一步：變一般疑問句Isthisabook?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞Isthiswhat?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。Whatisthis?沒有am,is,are的句子肯定句變否定句：在主語后面加上donot或者doesnot,其余按順序照抄動詞用原形肯定句變一般疑問句：在句首加do或者does并大寫,其余照抄。注意：動詞用原形肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分3步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分（劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)）第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑問句的互換非單三時用do,單三時用does非單三肯定句：IlikeEnglish.一般疑問句：DoyoulikeEnglish?否定句：IdonotlikeEnglish.單三肯定句：HelikesEnglish.一般疑問句：DoeshelikeEnglish?否定句：HedoesnotlikeEnglish.2.就劃線部分提問(變特殊疑問句)IlikeEnglish.第一步：先變一般疑問句DoyoulikeEnglish?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分Doyoulikewhat?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。Whatdoyoulike?常用特殊疑問詞及詞組：when什么時間（問時間）whatdate什么日期問具體日期who誰（問人）whatplace什么地點問具體地址whose誰的問主人how…怎么樣問情況where在哪里問地點howold多大問年齡which哪一個問選擇howmany多少問數(shù)量why為什么問原因howmuch多少問價錢what什么問東西howabout…怎么樣問意見whattime什么時間問時間howfar多遠(yuǎn)問路程whatcolour什么顏色問顏色howlong多長問時間whatabout…怎么樣問意見Howsoon多快，多久問時間whatday星期幾問星期Howoften多久問頻率三．句子的種類類別用法標(biāo)點例句陳述句肯定敘述一件事情或說明說話人的看法

.Thisisabag.That'smybook.否定Icanseeabagoverthere.Idon'tknow.疑問句一般用于提出問題?Areyouastudent?Doyoulikepuppets?CanyouspeakEnglish?特殊用于提出問題?What'syourname?Where'smybag?Howmanytreesarethere?用于提出問題?選擇Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?反意用于提出問題?It'safineday,isn'tit?祈使句表示命令或請求、建議.或！Putithere!Lookatthenoticeboard.感嘆句表示驚訝\贊美\憤怒等強(qiáng)烈情感！Howsmart!Gladtoseeyou!Whatanicepencilcase!特殊：1.some變?yōu)閍nyTherearesomebirdsinthetree.→Therearen'tanybirdsinthetree.但是，若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中，some可以不變。Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如something,somebody等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。2.and變?yōu)閛rIhaveaknifeandaruler.→Idon'thaveaknifeoraruler.3.alotof(=lotsof)變?yōu)閙any或muchTheyhavealotoffriends.（可數(shù)名詞）→Theydon'thavemanyfriends.Thereislotsoforangeinthebottle.（不可數(shù)名詞）→Thereisn'tmuchorangeinthebottle.4.already變?yōu)閥etIhavebeentherealready.→Ihaven'tbeenthereyet.熟記變特殊疑問句時，容易判斷錯的情況。數(shù)詞表示年齡：Heisfifty-five.Howoldishe?表示時間：It’sfifty-five.What’sthetime?表示加法：Sixandtwoiseight.What’ssixandtwo?表示價格：Theshirtisthirtyyuan.Howmuchistheshirt?表示多少：Ihavethreebrothers.Howmanybrothersdoyouhave?姓名和人表示人名：MynameisGina.What’syourname?表示人：ThewomanisGina.Whoisthewoman?長度和距離表示距離：It’sfivehundredmetresawayfromhere.Howfarisitfromhere?表示長度：It’sfivehundredmetres.Howlongisit?顏色，東西表示顏色：Theshoesarewhite.Whatcoloraretheshoes?表示物：Theyarewhitesheep.Whatarethey?表示顏色：Theyarewhitesheep.Whatcolorarethesesheep?名詞所有格和人表示名詞所有格：She’sLucy’ssister.Whosesisterisshe?表示人：She’sLucy’ssister.Whoisshe?練一練1(用特殊疑問詞填空)：1、A:_______istheboyinblue?

B:He’sMike.2、A:_______walletisit?

B:It’smine.3、A:_______isthediary?

B:It’sunderthechair.4、A:_______istheChirstmasDay?

B:It’sonthe25thofDecember.5、A:_______aretheearphones?

B:Theyare25yuan.6、A:_______isthehairdryer?

B:It’sblue.7、A:_______isittoday?

B:It’sSunday.8、A:_______wasityesterday?

B:Itwasthe13thofOctober.9、A:_______thisredone?

B:It’sbeautiful.10、A:_______isitfromhere?

B:It’sabouttwokilometresaway.11、A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?B:_______?

A:Iwanttomakeakite.12、A:_______oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?

B:Theblueone.13、A:_______isyourcousin?

B:He’s15yearsold.14、A:_______doyouhavedinner?

B:At6o’clock練一練2：It’sabook.(改一般疑問句)Myfatherisinthestudy.(對劃線部分提問)3、

DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?(做肯定回答)4、

Thispictureisverybeautiful.（改為以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）5、

Kicktheballtome!(改為否定句)6、

Ihaveabigpresent.（對劃線部分提問）7、

Therearesomeorangetreesonthefarm.(改為單數(shù)句子)練一練3：1._______________isthis?It’sarubber.2.____________rubbersarethereinthepencilbox?3.____________isyourbrother?He’snine.4.________arethey?Theyarecows.5._______areyou?I’mfine.6._______doyoufeel?Wearehappy.7.________isyourfather?Heisadentist.8.________doeshegotoschool?Hegoestoschoolbybus.9.________aretheducks?Theyareontheriver.10.______ishisname?HeisMartin.11._______________newbookshaveyougot?Five.12._______________isthetree?It’sgreen.13._______coatsarethese?Mary’s.14._______isonthedesk?Thereisaglass.15.______________isthisbook?It’sveryinteresting.練一練4（對畫線部分提問）：Theyboughtanewbikeyesterday.____________________________________________________Sheisanurse.____________________________________________________Sheismyteacher.____________________________________________________Heboughttheredone.____________________________________________________Itismycoat.____________________________________________________Iamlookingformysister.____________________________________________________Igetupatsix.____________________________________________________IamfromHubei.____________________________________________________IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.____________________________________________________10.Itiswindy._____________________________________________________11.Iamgettingonwellwithit._____________________________________________________12.Mybagisred.______________________________________________________13.ThebookisLiHua’s.______________________________________________________14.Ilikemathbest.______________________________________________________15.Theyarefiveyuan.______________________________________________________16.Iwashittwiceaweek.______________________________________________________17.Hewillbebackinfourdays.______________________________________________________18.Ididn’tcometoclassyesterdaybecauseIwasill.______________________________________________________練一練5：選擇題()19.Excuseme______isthenearestbookshop?Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner?A.howB.whatC.whereD.who()20.______isatickerforthefilmHackerHe?Aboutfortyyuan.A.HowoldB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howoften()21.—______areyougoing?—I’mgoingtothelibrary.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhatD.Where()22.It’sanicecar.______haveyoubeeninit?JusttoShanghai.A.HowmuchB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar()23.______?It’seight.A.WhatdayisitB.What’sfiveandthreeC.HowoldareyouD.What’syourtelephonenumber()24.—______?—I’vegotaheadacheandacough.A.What’syourtroubleB.What’swrongwithitC.CanIhelpyouD.Howareyou()25.______teadidyouhave?Twocups.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.Which()26.______shallwemeetinthepark?Whatabouthalfpasteight?A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.,Which()27.______ayeardoesyourschoolhavesportsmeetings?Twiceayear.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howmanytimes()28.______?Theonebehindthetree.A.WhosegirlB.Who’sthatgirlC.WhichgirlD.Where’sthegirl()29.______areyougoingtobeinthefuture?Iwanttobeaperson_____-YangLiwei.A.How,likeB.How,asC.What,likeD.What,as()30.______willyourfatherbeback?.AHowlongBhowoftenCHowsoonDHowwide練一練6（就劃線部分提問）：31．Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory．

heoften

lunch？32．Theywillcomebackinamonth．

willtheycomeback？33．HehurthisleglastSunday．

hehurthisleg？34．Igotupatsixthismorning．

you

upthismorning？35．TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein．

they

whenIcamein？36．Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcold．

yougotoschool？37．You'dbettertaketheNo．3bus．

bus

Ibettertake？38．He'sfeelingwell．

hefeeling？39．Thegirlinaredcoatismysister．

isyoursister？40．HecomestoChinaonceayear．

he

toChina？41.Hegoestoseehisgrandma(twiceaweek).(對括號部分提問)_________________________________________________?42.Myfathergoestoworkbycar.(改為特殊疑問句)__________________________________________________?43.Ittake(15minutes)foraferrytocrosstheriver.(對括號部分提問)__________________________________________________?44.Youcandial(110)tocallthepolice.(對括號部分提問)_______________canyoudialtocallthepolice45.Tedputhisbaginthedesk.(改為特殊疑問句)___________Ted_____inthedesk?46.Thestudents(wentcamping)lastweek.(對括號部分提問)_________________________________________________?47.Diogenescamefrom(Greece).(對括號部分提問)__________Diogenes_____________?48.Thewaytokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(對括號部分提問)______________thewayto______________?49.Welanded(onanunexploredplanet).(對括號部分提問)_____________youland?練一練7（單項選擇題）：

(

)1.Howareyou?

A.Fine,thanks.

B.Yes,itis.

C.Howareyou?

(

)2.Nicetomeetyou!

A.Fine,thankyou.

B.OK.

C.Nicetomeetyou,too!

(

)3.Howdoyougotoschool?

A.IgotoCanadabyplane.B.Igotoschoolbybike.

C.Whataboutyou?

(

)4.HowdoyougototheUSA?

A.Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.B.IgotoEnglandbyship.

C.Igobyplane.

(

)5.

?

Myhomeisnearthepostoffice.

A.Whereisyourhome?B.OK.

C.Seeyouthen!

(

)6.Seeyouat2o’clock.

A.Seeyouthen!

B.Thefifthfloor.

C.It’seasy.

(

)7.

?

YoucangobytheNo.15bus.

A.It’snotfar.

B.HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?

C.Sure.

(

)8.Whereisthehospital?

A.Nexttothecinema.

B.Thankyou.

C.You’rewelcome.

(

)9.Excuseme,isthereacinemanearhere?

A.Yes,thereis.

B.No,it’snotfar.

C.It’snearthepostoffice.

(

)10.

?

It’snearthepostoffice.

A.Yes,thereis.

B.No,it’snotfar.

C.Whereisthelibrary?

(

)11.

?

It’snexttothehospital.

A.Whereisthecinema,please?

B.Isitfar?

C.