英語（新高考IIB卷）2023年高考第二次模擬考試卷（考試版）

絕密★啟用前|2023年高考英語第二次模擬考試卷高三英語（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：答卷前，考試務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上?；卮疬x擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號，回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wherehavethespeakersprobablyjustbeen?A．Ataclassparty. B．Atagrocerystore. C．Inafurniturestore.2．Whatwillthemando?A．Listentotheradio. B．Lookafterthebaby. C．Dosomeexercise.3．Howdidthechildrenhelpthewoman?A．Bycarryingherluggage.B．Byfindingtheapartment.C．Bybuyingsomethingforher.4．Whoishavingaholidayabroad?A．David. B．Mike. C．John.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inarestaurant. B．Inabank. C．Atanairport.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatisthemandoing?A．Generatingpower. B．Creatingnewdishes. C．Decoratingthehouse.7．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheman’salternative?A．Interested. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive.聽第7段材料，回到第8-10題。8．Whatcoloristheman’sshirtnow?A．Brightred. B．Lightpink. C．Brightpink.9．Howdidthemanwashhisshirt?A．Hehaditdry-cleaned.B．Hewasheditbyhand.C．Hewasheditinawashingmachine.10．Whatwillthemanprobablydointheend?A．Keephisshirt. B．Returnhisshirt. C．Changehisshirt.聽第8段材料，回答第11-13題。11．Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A．Togetsomedirectionstoheroffice.B．Toconfirmthemeetingplace.C．Toaskhertopickhimup.12．Howmuchdoesitcostthemanbytaxi?A．About$5. B．About$20. C．About$30.13．Whattimewillthespeakershaveameeting?A．At2:30. B．At3:00. C．At3:30.聽第9段材料，回到第14-17題。14．Whatisthewomanreading?A．TheSilkRoad.B．TheTravelsofMarcoPolo.C．TheJourneyofVenice.15．WhendidMarcoPololeaveItaly?A．In1271. B．In1275. C．In1295.16．HowlongdidMarcoPololiveinChina?A．For4years. B．For17years. C．For24years.17．HowwasthejourneyofMarcoPologoinghome?A．Dangerous. B．Comfortable. C．Easy.聽第10段材料，回到第18-20題。18．Forthelocalfamilyinneedofhelp,whatdidtheyget?A．Giftsfrommanypeople.B．Donationsfromalocalnewspaper.C．Asumofmoney.D．Freeeducation.19．Accordingtothespeaker,whatshouldtheschooldo?A．Letstudentsinbeforeschool.B．Introduceabankintothecampus.C．Officeice-creamandcoffee.D．Reducethetrafficjamsaround.20．WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofthetownofTibberton?A．Itlackspositivenews.B．Itremainspeacefulandquiet.C．Itshouldgrowinabigcity.D．Itisaplaceworthlivingin.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASmithsonianAssociatesProgramsStreaminginSeptemberSmithsonianAssociatesStreamingcontinuesthroughSeptemberwithdifferentprogramsproducedbytheworld’slargestmuseum-basededucationalprogram.Wednesday,September1HowdidAmericatransformfromacountrythatreliedonarelativelyhealthyandnutritiousfoodsystemtooneinwhichthedailydietisfilledwithfat,sugarandultra-processedunhealthyfoods?HistorianAllenPietrobonstudiesthechangesinAmericancuisinesincetheendofWWII,highlightingafewkeyeventsthatcompletelychangedhowandwhatAmericanseat.Time:9a.m.Price:$20-$25Thursday,September9TheNationalArchaeologyMuseumisoneofthemostimpressiveexhibitionsoftreasuresfromPompeii,Herculaneumandtheirsistertowns.JoinarthistorianandtourguideLauraR.WeinsteinlivefromRomeasshehighlightssomeofthemostfascinatingcollectionsofthisculturalgem(瑰寶)inNaples.Time:12p.m.Price:$20-$25Tuesday,September14Overthecenturies,NotreDameCathedralhassurvivedcountlessthreatstoitssurvival,becomingasymbolofthehistoricalandculturalheritageofParisandallofFrance.ArthistorianJudyScottFeldmansurveysthecathedral’shistoryandtheongoingrestorationandhistoricpreservationeffortstoreturnthecathedraltoitsconditionbeforethedisastrousfireinApril,2019.Time:12p.m.Price:$20-$25Monday,September20JoingeologistKirtKempterforanexplorationofthesplendidsceneryandgeologyofthenorthernRockyMountains.FromtheLakeLouisenearBanfftothemagicviewsalongGoing-to-theSunRoadatGlacier,adeepgeologichistorycreatedtheseimpressivelandscapes,whicharenowappointedasWorldHeritageSites.Time:7p.m.Price:$25-$3021．WhocanhelpyouifyouareinterestedinAmericandiet?A．AllenPietrobon. B．LauraR.Weinstein.C．JudyScottFeldman. D．KirtKempter.22．Whencanyoulearnhowadestroyedarchitectureisbeingrepaired?A．OnSeptember1. B．OnSeptember9.C．OnSeptember14. D．OnSeptember20.23．Whatcanyoudobyjoiningaprogramat7p.m.?A．Learnthehistoryofancientbuildings.B．Takeatriptoabeautifulgeologicpark.C．Enjoyageologictourofageographicalsite.D．Attendanimpressiveexhibitioninamuseum.BEuropeanresearcherssaytheyhavecreatedaprocessthatcanproduceoxygenfrommoondust.Theprocesscouldprovideamajorsourceofoxygenforhumanstakingpartinmoonexplorationactivitiesinthefuture.ResearchersfromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency,orESA,carriedouttheexperimentsatalaboratoryintheNetherlands.TheteamsaysESA’sexperimental“plant”wasabletosuccessfullyproduceoxygenfromsimulatedmoondust.Thedustispartofamaterialknownasregolith,atoplayerofdirtandrockpiecesthatsitonthesurfaceofthemoon.Samplesofregolithreturnedfromthemoonhaveconfirmedthatthematerialcontainsabout45percentoxygenbyweight.However,theoxygenischemicallylockedintheformofmineralsorglass,soitisnoteasilyavailableforuse.Havingrealsamplesofregolithfromthemoonmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstocreatethesimulatedmoondustmaterialusedduringtesting.Theoxygenextractionprocessiscarriedoutusingamethodcalledmoltensaltelectrolysis(熔鹽電解).Thisincludesfirstplacingtheregolithinametalcontainer.Calciumchloridesaltisaddedtothemixture,whichisthenheatedto950degreesCelsius.Atthistemperature,theregolithremainssolid.Next,anelectricalcurrentispassedthroughthematerial.Theresearcherssayitisthisstepthatresultsinoxygenbeingextractedfromtheregolith.Thestudyreportedthatupto96percentofoxygeninthesimulatedmoondustwasextractedduringtheexperiments.ESA’slong-termgoalistodesignanoxygen-producing“pilotplant”tooperatefull-timeonthemoon.Thefirsttechnologydemonstrationofthesystemisexpectedtotakeplaceinthemiddle2020s.BethLomax,aleadresearcherontheproject,said,“Beingabletoacquireoxygenfromresourcesfoundonthemoonwouldobviouslybehugelyusefulforfuturelunarsettlers,bothforbreathingandthelocalproductionofrocketfuel.”Theresearchersreportedthat“asabonus”,theprocessalsoresultsintheproductionofusablemetallicmaterials.ESAandtheUSspaceagencyNASAarebothworkingonplanstoreturnhumanbeingstothemoon.NASAhassetagoalfor2024withtheaimtokeephumansonthemoonforlongperiods.24．Whyisoxygenfrommoondustdifficulttouse?A．Itistoughforhumanbeingstogetthem.B．Itischemicallyfixedinmaterialsorglass.C．Thereexitsonlyalittleofitonthemoon’ssurface.D．Theconditionsofmoondustareworsethanexpected.25．Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．Whatmoltensaltelectrolysisis.B．Wherethevalueofthestudylies.C．Howoxygenisextractedfrommoondust.D．Whatisnecessaryintheoxygenextractionprocess.26．WhatisBethLomax’sattitudetowardsthepossibilityofgettingoxygenfrommoondust?A．Optimistic. B．Skeptical. C．Cautious. D．Concerned.27．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．RecentStudiesofMoonDustbyResearchersB．HowResearchersExtractedOxygenfromMoonDustC．PotentialSignificanceofOxygenExtractedfromMoonDustD．ResearchersReportExtractingOxygenfromMoonDustSuccessfullyCHowmanyfriendsdoyouhave?NotcountingthehundredsonFacebookorthenamesgatheringdustinyouraddressbook.Butrealfriends,theonescastinstone.Thekindwhowouldlendyou$100withoutaskingwhy,oraccommodateyouifyouwerekickedoutofyourhouse.AnthropologistProfRobinDunbarfeelshecanputanumberonit:five.Nomatterhowmuchofasocialbutterflyyouare,youcancountyourrealpalsononehand,hesays.Tothathesaysyoucanaddanidealnumberof15“goodfriends”,thekindofpeopleyouwouldseeinagroupandwouldjoinforadrinkifyoubumpedintotheminthepub,andupto150“meaningfulcontacts”.ProfDunbar’slatestresearchisanexactformula(公式)forfriendship:newfriendshipstake34hoursofone-on-onetimetoform,inwhichyou’dspendanidealdurationofthreehoursandfourminutesperinteractiontogetheroverthecourseofsixmonths.Notethatthisistoturnanacquaintanceintoafriend,notoneoftheclosefriendsthatmakesupyourinnercircleoffive—todothat,you’dhavetodevote90hours,accordingtoa2018UniversityofKansasstudy.Accordingtotheexperts,thepandemicyearshavechangedthenumberandnatureofourfriendship.Itgavepeoplemoregroundsfordisagreement:overadherence(遵守)tosocial-distancingrules,forexample.Plentyofpeoplelostrelationshipsinthecracks.“Wearealwaysontheoutlookfornewandbetterfriends,butlockdownhashadabigeffectinmakingpeoplereevaluate,”saysDunbar.“Perhapsthey’vedecidedthetimehascometopartwithsomeandthereforethere’sanemptyspacetofill.”TheforecastforBritishfriendshipwasalreadygloomybeforethepandemic.Threemillionpeoplesaidtheyfeellonely“oftenoralways”,accordingtotheGovernment’s2019communitylifesurvey.ButtheaverageBritishadultlostfourfriendsoverthecourseofthepandemic,accordingtothepoll.28．Whoarerealfriends?A．Thosewhowekeepincontact. B．Thosewhoareinterestedinstones.C．theonewhoisextremelygenerous. D．Friendsonsocialnetworks.29．Howlongdoesittaketoformclosefriendshipsaccordingtotheformula?A．34hoursofone-on-onetime.B．90hoursofinteraction.C．Sixmonthsofone-on-onetime.D．Threehoursandfourminutesofinteraction.30．WhichofthefollowingmightProfDunbaragreewith?A．Thereisalimittothenumberofrealfriendsinyourlife.B．It’smucheasierforpeopletomakefriendsonline.C．Themorefriendsyoumake,thehappieryourlifewillbe.D．Themoresociableyouare,themorerealfriendsyoucanmake.31．Whatmightpeopleargueaboutduringthepandemic?A．Whethertopartwithsomeoldfriends.B．Howtotacklelonelinessduringthepandemic.C．Whethertoobeysocialdistancing.D．Howtomakebetterfriends.DMasksthathelpedtosavelivesareprovingadeadlydangerforwildlife,withbirdsandseacreaturestrappedintheshockingnumberofthrown-awayfacialcoverings.Single-usemaskshavebeenfoundaroundpavements,waterwaysandbeachesworldwide.Wornonce,thethinprotectivematerialscantakehundredsofyearstodecompose.“Facemasksaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon—butwhenwethrowthemaway,theseitemscanharmtheenvironmentandtheanimals,”AshleyFrunoofanimalrightsgroupPETAsaid.InBritain,agullwasrescuedbytheRSPCAafteritslegsbecametangledinthestraps(帶子)ofamaskforuptoaweek.Theanimalwelfarecharitytookittoawildlifehospitalfortreatmentbeforeitsrelease.Thebiggesteffectmaybeinthewater.Morethan1.5billionmasksmadetheirwayintotheworld’soceanslastyear,accountingforaround6200extratonnesofoceanplasticpollution,accordingtoenvironmentalgroupOceansAsia.ConservationistsinBrazilfoundonemaskinsidethestomachofapenguinafteritsbodywaswasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfishwasdiscoveredcaughtinsideanotherofthecoastofMiami.FrenchcampaignersfoundadeadcrabtrappedinamaskneartheMediterranean.Masksandglovesare“particularlyproblematic”forseacreatures,saysGeorgeLeonard,chiefscientistfromNGOOceanConservancy.“Whenthoseplasticsbreakdownintheenvironment,theythenenterthefoodchainandimpactentireecosystems,”headded.Therehasbeenashifttowardsgreateruseofreusableclothmasksasthepandemic(疫情)haswornon,butmanyarestillusingthelightersingle-usevarieties.Campaignershaveurgedpeopletobinthemproperlyandcutthestrapstoreducetheriskofanimalsbecomingtrapped.OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentstoincreasefinesforlitteringandencouragetheuseofwashablemasks.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decompose”mean?A．Breakdown. B．Burndown. C．Turndown. D．Falldown.33．WhatcanwelearnfromGeorgeLeonard’swords?A．Theenvironmentalgroupsavesmanyanimals.B．Seawildlifeisfondoffeedingonfacemasks.C．Measuresshouldbetakentoprotectseawildlife.D．Masksthrownaroundwillfinallyharmhumans.34．Howisparagraph4developed?A．Byanalysingcauses.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byprovidingexplanations.D．Bymakingcomparisons.35．Accordingtotheauthor,howmightthemaskproblemsbesolved?A．Bywashingthereusableclothmasksmorefrequently.B．Bystoppingthepublicfromusingthesingle-usemasks.C．Byencouragingtheuseofreusablemasksandincreasingfines.D．Bycuttingthestrapsofthemasksandreusingthemproperly.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WeallwishforthearrivalofSunday.____36____Thehardworkofabusyweekissoothed(撫慰)byagoodsleepthatlasts,inmostcases,tilltheSundayafternoon.Butafterthat,toomuchsleepcanmaketherestofthedaygenerallyendinlazingonthesofa,withoutdoinganything.Therefore,toreallyrelaxonaSunday,theanswerdoesn’t

lieinsleep,butindoingthingsthatmakeyoufeelcomfortable.MostoftenwegetsolostinworkthatwhenSundaycomes,wereallydon’tknowwhattodowiththefreetwenty-fourhourswe’vegot.____37____Luckily,therearemanythingsyoucandotoenjoyyourSunday.____38____Anearlymorningwalkorjogwouldeaseyourtirednesscausedbythedailyschedule.Afterthemorningwalkorjog,you’llhavemoreenergytofacetheday.Youmusthaveboughtalotofbooksonyourlastvisittothebookstore,butlackoftimemusthavepreventedyoufromreading.SpendtheSundayafternoonreadinganybookthatinterestsyou.____39____.Withlifebeingfilledwithtoomuchwork,findingfreetimeduringtheworkingdaysissurelyastruggle.____40____Insuchacase,Sundayisthebestdaytorollupyoursleeves,andgettoworkonthehouse.Cleanthehouse,washtheclothesormendanythingthatisbroken.Inshort,makingthehousecleanandtidyisagoodideaofspendingSundays.A．Bythetimewedecidetodoanything,thedaygetsover.B．Everyonecansafelyhopetorelaxandsimplydoastheypleasethisday.C．AllthehopeofjoyandenjoymentrestsonSaturdays.D．Inthisway,you’llnotonlyhavespentaconstructivetime,butalsoexerciseyourbrain.E．Considerusingthisdaytotakecareofyourplantsandflowers.F．IfyouwanttoenjoySunday,thenyou’dbetterwakeupearlyandgoforawalkorajog.G．What’smore,it’snaturalthatyourhousegetsdustyandmessy.第三部分：語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出適合填入對應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Twoweeksearlier,myhusband,Russ,hadgottenanearly-morningcalltellingustomovetoasaferplaceimmediately.ThewildfiretearingthroughNorthernCaliforniahadspreadand___41___ourway.We’djumpedinthecarwithourcatsandafewbelongings.Fordays,we’d___42___fromhoteltohotel,desperatefornews.Whatfinallycamewasn’t___43___.Ourhousehadbeenrightinthefire’spath.Nowwe’dbeengiven___44___toreturn.Iwasn’tpreparedforwhatawaitedus.Ourhousewasnothingbut___45___.Photosandmypreciouscollectionofinspirationalbooks—allgone,Iwipedawaytearsaswedugthroughtheash(灰)anddebris(殘骸).Howwillwe___46___this?Howwillwegoon?Itfeltasifourliveshadbeen___47___.Russ___48___whatwe’dfoundintothecar.“Let’sgo,”hesaid.Iturnedtogetinthecar.That’swhenInoticedsomethingstucktomyshoe.Apieceofpaper,dirtywith___49___.Ipickeditup.Itsedgeswere____50____,yetthewordsweresurprisingly____51____:“Iflifeseemsdifficult,Ipauseand____52____theblessingsometimeshiddenwithineverycircumstance.Withnew____53____Ibeginagain.”Wordsthatmusthavecomefromoneofmybooks,apassageIcouldn’t____54____butnowsaideverythingIneededto____55____.Wordsthatrosefromtheashes.Iframedthatscrapofpaper.Itnowsitsinaplaceofhonorinournewhome,areminderthatwecanbeginagain.41．A．cleared B．headed C．prevented D．pointed42．A．begged B．lived C．a(chǎn)sked D．moved43．A．good B．true C．bad D．false44．A．encouragement B．reward C．a(chǎn)dvice D．permission45．A．ruins B．flames C．dangers D．flowers46．A．refuse B．clean C．survive D．remember47．A．saved B．destroyed C．decorated D．enriched48．A．counted B．hid C．discovered D．put49．A．a(chǎn)shes B．water C．fire D．spot50．A．watered B．cleaned C．smoked D．folded51．A．pleasant B．sincere C．clear D．simple52．A．reflecton B．carryon C．puton D．cheeron53．A．success B．burden C．information D．courage54．A．a(chǎn)nalyze B．understand C．recall D．recite55．A．judge B．hear C．forget D．ignore第二節(jié)：（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在答題卡相應(yīng)位置處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TuYouyou,_____56_____committedandpatientscientist,_____57_____(work)attheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,shewaschosenbythegovernment______58______(join)ateamofscientistswiththeaimofdiscoveringanew_____59_____(treat)formalaria.Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,and_____60_____(evaluate)280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380ancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight_____61_____malaria.Afteralotof_____62_____(fail),in1971,TuYouyouandherteammemberssucceededbyusingalowertemperaturetodraw_____63_____theextract._____64_____hearingthatshehadbeen_____65_____(award)theNoblePrize,shesaidthehonorbelongstotheteam.第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校英語網(wǎng)站正在開展以“OnlineSafety”為題的討論。請你寫一篇短文發(fā)表在該網(wǎng)站上，內(nèi)容包括：1.你對網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的認(rèn)識；2.在網(wǎng)上保持安全的建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。OnlineSafety________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Beforeboardingtheplane,wehadhadallschedualed.However,ondiscoveringourfamilyoffivecouldn’tsittogetheronourflighthome,myhusbandandIwentbackandforth,tryingoutdifferentcombinations.Whowouldsitwhereinthetwo-up-front,three-in-the-backseatingwe’dbeengiven?Weconsideredhowwewouldboard,carryinga3-year-oldsonandfivepiecesofhandluggagewithus,andtakingcareofouroldersonanddaughter.Finally,wedecided:myhusband,upfrontwithourolderson;ourdaughter,youngersonandmeintheback—threeseatsinrow29.Wewerethelasttoboard.OuryoungersonwasmentallydisabledbecauseofDown’ssyndrome(唐氏綜合征).Thankfully,he