有效場(chǎng)論全息原理暴脹宇宙暗能量

有效場(chǎng)論、全息原理暴脹宇宙、暗能量Yue-LiangWu（吳岳良）StateKeyLaboratoryofTheoreticalPhysics(SKLTP)KavliInstituteforTheoreticalPhysicsChina（KITPC）InstituteofTheoreticalPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences

Universe宇宙

Matter

物質(zhì)～30％DarkEnergy暗能量～70％

DarkMatter

暗物質(zhì)

85%H(77%)

QuarkMatter

夸克物質(zhì)15%He(23%)

宇宙組份和諧宇宙學(xué)模型：以大爆炸宇宙學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型為基礎(chǔ)的

暴脹暗能量暗物質(zhì)夸克物質(zhì)暴脹現(xiàn)代宇宙學(xué)模型EffectiveFieldTheory&HolographicPrincipleEffectiveFieldTheory&HolographicPrincipleAneffectivefieldtheorythatcansaturatetheequationnecessarilyincludesmanystateswithSchwarzschildradiusmuchlargerthantheboxsize.

AneffectivequantumfieldtheoryisexpectedtobecapableofdescribingasystematatemperatureT,providedthatT≤Λ

，solongasT?1/L.ThermalenergyEntropy

ThecorrespondingSchwarzschildradiusEntropy

ToavoidthesedifficultiesCohen-Kaplan-NelsonproposeastrongerconstraintontheIRcutoff1/LwhichexcludesallstatesthatliewithintheirSchwarzschildradius.SincethemaximumenergydensityintheeffectivetheoryisΛ^4,theconstraintonLisThermalenergy～～

SchwarzschildradiusLocalquantumfieldtheoryappearsunlikelytobeagoodeffectivelowenergydescriptionofanysystemcontainingablackhole,andshouldprobablynotattempttodescribeparticlestateswhosevolumeissmallerthantheircorrespondingSchwarzschildradius.HolographicPrinciple:(Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson,PRL1999)InEffectiveFieldTheory,UVCut-offisrelatedtotheIRCut-offduetothelimitsetbytheformationofaBlackHoleEffectiveTheorydescribesallstatesofsystemexceptthosealreadycollapsedtoaBlackHole.VacuumenergydensityviaquantumfluctuationEffectiveFieldTheory&HolographicPrincipleHolographicDarkEnergyHolographicDarkEnergyModel:DarkenergydensityisgivenbythevacuumenergydensitycausedviaquantumfluctuationCharacteristiclengthscaleofuniverseChoosingdifferentcharacteristiclengthscaleL

VariousHolographicDarkEnergyModelsReviewsee:M.Li,X.-D.Li,S.Wang,Y.Wang,CTP.56,525-604(2011)[arXiv:1103.5870].M.Li,Phys.Lett.B603,1(2004)[arXiv:hep-th/0403127].R.-G.Cai,Phys.Lett.B657,228-231(2007)[arXiv:0707.4049[hep-th]].ModelparameterReducedPlanckmassHolographicDarkEnergyCharacterizedbyConformal-age-likeLength(CHDE)Z.P.Huang,YLW,arXiv:1202.2590,Z.P.Huang,YLW,arXiv:1202.3517

[astro-ph.CO]Conformal-age-likelengthscaleofuniverseMotivatedfrom4Dspace-timevolumeofFRWUniverseHolographicDarkEnergyCharacterizedbyConformal-age-likeLength(CHDE)FractionalenergydensityofCHDEFriedmanEquationEquationofMotionofCHDEConservationofenergydensityFriedmanequationEoSforCHDEEquationofmotionforCHDEDensitywithconstantCHDESolutionofEoMforCHDEAtearlytimeofuniverseAssuming:DarkenergyisnegligibleEquationofmotionforCHDEinagoodapproximationSolutionofEoMforCHDEconsistencyInflationaryUniverse&Conformal-age-likeLengthofCHDEAtearlytimeofuniversewithUniversewithconstantConformal-age-likeLengthofCHDE=-1=1/3ConsistentcheckfromLEoSofDarkEnergyEpoch:InflationRadiationMatterToday<CHDEisasingleparameter(d)modellikeMoreGeneralAnalysisEquationofmotionforCHDEFriedmanEquationInteractionWithBackgroundGeneralEquationofmotionforCHDEEoSforDarkenergyHolographicDarkEnergyCharacterizedbyTotalComovingHorizon(ηHDE)Z.P.Huang,YLW,arXiv:1202.2590,tobepublishedinPRDHolographicDarkEnergyCharacterizedbyTotalComovingHorizon(ηHDE)CharacteristicLengthScaleLofUniversefromCausalityEnergydensityofholographicdarkenergyRescaledindependentparameter&FractionalDEDensityComovinghorizoninradiation-&matter-dominatedepochgrowsEnergydensity&fractionalenergydensityofdarkenergybehaveslikeacosmologicalconstantFractionalenergydensityofdarkenergyFractionofdarkenergyinmatter-dominatedepochNewagegraphicdarkenergy(NADE)AvoidDivergenceC.-Y.Sun,R.-H.Yue,Phys.Rev.D83,107302(2011).EquationofMotionofηHDEConservationofenergydensityFriedmanequationEoSforηHDEEquationofmotionforηHDEDensitywithconstantηHDEBest-FitAnalysisonHDEModelsInitialinput:FriedmanEquationRelevantCosmologicalObservationsLikelihoodfunctionandMinimalC.Q.Geng,C.C.Lee,E.N.Saridakis,JCAP1201,002(2012)[arXiv:1110.0913]TypeIaSupernovae(SNIa)TheoreticalDistancemodulusHubble-freeluminositydistanceMinimalExpandwithrespecttoMinimalwithrespecttoBaryonAcousticOscillations(BAO)VolumeaverageddistanceProperangulardiameterdistanceComovingsoundhorizonFittingformulaDistanceratioofBAOObservationandanalysisofBAOCosmicMicrowaveBackground(CMB)RadiationAcousticscaleShiftparameterRedshiftofthedecouplingepochWMAP7observationsandanalysisofCMBBest-FitResultsforCHDEModelat1σ(68.3%)and2σ(95.4%)Best-FitResultsat1σ(68.3%)&2σ(95.4%)Best-FitResultsat1σ(68.3%)&2σ(95.4%)SYSTEMATICANALYSISONCHDEMODELCosmicevolutionofthefractionalenergydensityofCHDECosmicevolutionoftheEoSofCHDESYSTEMATICANALYSISONCHDEMODELThedeceleratingparameterThestatefinderpair{j;s}SYSTEMATICANALYSISONCHDEMODELEolutionofthedeceleratingparameterSYSTEMATICANALYSISONCHDEMODELSYSTEMATICANALYSISONCHDEMODELThestatefinderparameterj?scontourevolvesinredshiftintevalz∈[?0.2;15](Thearrowindicatestheevolutionfromhighredshifttolowredshift);

Modelparameterstakethebest-fitvalues,i.e.d=0.235r0=3.076×10?4OnCHDEMODELBest-FitResultsforηHDEModelat1σ(68.3%)and2σ(95.4%)Best-FitResultsforηHDEModelat1σ(68.3%)and2σ(95.4%)FractionalEnergyDensityofDarkMatterCosmicevolutionofthefractionalenergydensityofηHDECosmicevolutionoftheEoSofηHDECosmicevolutionoftheratioη/d

withdifferentd

OnηHDEModelBehaveLikeCosmologicalConstantGeneralClassofHDEModelsn=m=0,ADE;n=0,m=-1,ηHDE;n=4,m=3,CHDEZ.P.Huang,YLWarXiv:1205.0608[gr-qc]Thebest-fitresultsofsomemodelswithn-

m=1byusingonlytheUnion2SNIadataThebest-fitresultsat(68.3%)and(95.4%)confidencelevelsbyusingSNIa+BAO+CMBdatasets;HolographicDarkEnergy

CosmologicalConstantUnderstandingFine-tuningProblem