后縱隔腫瘤影像表現(xiàn)

后縱隔腫瘤及腫瘤樣病變影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)

2021/10/101后縱隔主要內(nèi)容食管胸主動(dòng)脈胸導(dǎo)管迷走神經(jīng)奇靜脈半奇靜脈交感干及其分支2021/10/102后縱隔2021/10/103縱隔常見(jiàn)腫瘤前縱隔：胸腺瘤、生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤（畸胎瘤、精原細(xì)胞瘤等）、胸骨后甲狀腺、異位甲狀旁腺瘤中縱隔：心包囊腫、支氣管囊腫、淋巴瘤后縱隔：神經(jīng)源性腫瘤2021/10/104一、神經(jīng)源性腫瘤神經(jīng)源性腫瘤為后縱隔最常見(jiàn)的腫瘤，約占所有縱隔腫瘤的30％神經(jīng)源性腫瘤主要起源于肋間神經(jīng)近脊柱段或交感神經(jīng)鏈，少數(shù)起源于副交感神經(jīng)或膈神經(jīng)2021/10/105根據(jù)神經(jīng)起源分為三類：1、周圍型神經(jīng)腫瘤：神經(jīng)鞘瘤、神經(jīng)纖維瘤、神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤，占50％2、交感神經(jīng)節(jié)腫瘤：神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤、神經(jīng)節(jié)母細(xì)胞瘤、交感神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤，占40％3、副神經(jīng)節(jié)腫瘤：副神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤（嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤、化學(xué)感受器瘤）2021/10/106良性：神經(jīng)鞘瘤、神經(jīng)纖維瘤、神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤、副神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤、嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤惡性：神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤、神經(jīng)節(jié)母細(xì)胞瘤、交感神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤2021/10/107神經(jīng)纖維瘤2021/10/108神經(jīng)纖維瘤2021/10/109神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤2021/10/1010神經(jīng)鞘瘤伴囊變2021/10/1011神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤2021/10/10122021/10/1013神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤2021/10/1014縱隔血管瘤十分少見(jiàn)，僅占縱隔腫瘤的0.5％，發(fā)生于后縱隔則更罕見(jiàn)。二、后縱隔血管瘤2021/10/10152021/10/1016三、后縱隔畸胎瘤2021/10/1017四、后縱隔淋巴瘤2021/10/1018五、后縱隔脊索瘤2021/10/10192021/10/1020又稱為巨淋巴結(jié)增生癥，是一種原因不明的罕見(jiàn)的淋巴組織異常增生性疾病。青壯年發(fā)病為多。最好發(fā)于胸部，表現(xiàn)為生長(zhǎng)緩慢的孤立性淋巴結(jié)腫大。典型影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)為縱隔、肺門或腹腔孤立性腫塊，CT增強(qiáng)掃描強(qiáng)化均勻、明顯，可有液化、壞死。六、后縱隔Castleman’s病2021/10/1021后縱隔Castleman’s病2021/10/1022Castleman’s病2021/10/10232021/10/10242021/10/1025七、后縱隔髓外造血組織瘤樣增生2021/10/10262021/10/1027八、胸