高中英語閱讀理解第36-40部分解題題典

36Therearethreeseparatesourcesofdangerinsupplyingenergybynuclearpower(原子能).First,theradioactivematerialmusttravelfromitsplaceofproductiontothcpowerstation.Ahhoughthepowerstatkmsthemselvesarestronglybuilt,thecontainersusedforthetransportofthematerialsarenot.Normally,onlytwomethodsoftransportareitluse,namelyroadorrail.Unfortunately,bothofthesemayhaveaneffectonthegeneralpublic,sincetheyaresuretopassnear,oreventhrough,heavilypopulatedareas.Second,thereistheproblemofwaste.Allnuclearpowerstationsproducewastesthatinmosteaseswillremainradioactiveforthousandsofyears.Itisimpossibletomakethesewastesnonradioaclive,andsotheymustbestorediiioneoftheinconvenientwaysthatscientistshaveinvented.Forexample,theymaybehurledundertheground,ordroppedintodesertedmines,orsunkinthesea.However,thesemethodsdonotsolvelheproblem,sinceanearthquakecouldeasilybreakthecontainers.Third.theremayoccurthedangerofaleak(泄漏)oranexplosionatthepowerstation.Aswiththeothertwodangers,thisisnmverylikely,soitdoesnotprovideaseriousobjectiontothenuclearprogram.Itowever,itcanhappen.Separately,thesethreetypesofdangersarenotagreatcauseforworry,l’akcntogethcr,though,theprobabilityofdisaster(災(zāi)難)isexrrtmtlyhigh.1.WhichofthefollowingisFALSE?A.Itispossiblethataleakorexplosionoccursatapowerstation.B.Itisunusualforradioactivematerialstobetransportedacrossland.

C.Thecontainersarelikelytobebrokenbyanearthquake.D.Nuclearwastesremaindangerousinmostcasesformanyyears.2.Theauthorthinksthatthewaystostorenuclearwastesare______.A.easyB.impossibleC.reasonableD.ineffective3.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thepowerstationisasafeplace.B.Thedangersofnuclearenergycanbeprevented.C.Thegeneralpublicarestronglyagainstthenuclearprogram.D.Byitself,noneofthethreedangersisverylikelytocausemuchworry.4.Whatisthispassageabout?A.Usesofnuclearpower.B.Dangersfromnuclearpower.C.Publicangeratnuclearpower.D.Accidentscausedbynuclearpower.答：1.B2.D3.D4.B解析：2．由第三段最后一句可知，那些儲存核污染的方法解決不了問題，由此可判斷出選項。3．最后一段大意是三種危險分開以后沒有危戶，符合題意。4，從全文中看，文中列舉了三種危險，故選B項。37TheFourth“21stCenturyCup”NationalEnglishSpeakingCompetitionistobeheldinShanghai.Organizers;ChinaDailyandShanghaiBroadcastingNetworkChinaUniversityEnglishSpeakingAssociation(協(xié)會)(CUESA)Co-sponsors(聯(lián)合主辦單位):English-speakingUnion(ESU);LotusSoftware(Chi-na)Co,Ltd.;TimesPublishingGroupofSingapore;HiltonShanghai;

PearsonEduca-tion;ForeignLanguageTeaching&ResearchPressDate:March26(Friday),1999Place:HiltonShanghaiCompetitionFormat(形式):Eachstudentwillpresentapreparedspeechonthegiventopic,followedbyathree-minuteoffhandspeechandathree-minutequestionandanswerperiodwiththejudges.Preparedspeechperiod:sixminutesOffhandspeechperi-od:threeminutesQ&Aperiod:threeminutesSpeechTopic:PeopleandNature:Insearchofharmony(和諧)inanewage—yourper-sonalopinion(Topicsfortheoffhandspeechwillbegivenonthedayofcompetition.)Prizes:Besidesbooksandcertificates(證書),thetoptwowinnerswillbeofferedscholarship(獎學(xué)金)totraveltotheannualinternationalEnglish-speakingcompeti-tion,whichwillbeheldbytheEnglish-speakingUnioninLondoninMay,1099.ThethirdandfourthplacewinnerswillbeofferedastudytriptoSingapore,sponsoredbytheTimesPublishingGroup.Thefifththroughthei0thplacewin-nerswillbeofferedcashprizes.AllthecompetitorswillreceivecertificatesfromtheEnglish-speakingUnionandbookprizesprovidedbyPearsonEducationandtheForeignLanguageTeaching&ResearchPress.Theteachersofthetoptwowinnerswillalsoreceiveaone-yearmembershiptotheInternationalAssociationofTeachersofEnglishasaForeignLanguage(IATEFL).1.Themainpurposeofthispassageis______.A.toinviteyoutotakepartinthecompetitionB.tohelptoimproveyourspokenEnglishC.totellyousomeinformationofthecompetition

D.toshowyouhowtowinthecompetition2.Supposeyougetthesixthplace,you’ll______.A.traveltoLondonforfreeB.becomeaone-yearmemberofIATEFLC.getsomemoney,somebooksandacertificateD.getachancetostudyinSingapore3.All“offhandspeech”is______.A.aspeechnotlongerthanthreeminutesB.aspeechwithoutpreparationC.aspeechwithapieceofpaperinhandD.aspeechwhichiswellpreparedhefore4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.Thecompetitorswon’tknowwhattheywillspeakaboutuntilMarch26,1999.B.Thetime-limitforeachstudentis12minutes.C.Eachstudentmustspeakonatleasttwotopics.D.Onlytwostudentscanhavethechancefortheinternationalcompetition.答：l.C2.C3.A4.C解析：1．考查作者的寫作意圖。2．考查猜測詞義。3．由CompetitionFormat一段分析可知。4．考查推理判斷。由CompetitionFormat一段可以看出本句錯誤。38XinHuatn1999,PresidentJiangZeminexaminedfivestateownedenterprisesanddeliveredspeechesaboutexistingproblemsandpossiblesolutions.Hisspeechesgaverisetomanyquestions.Whatrolesshouldenterpriseleadersplay?Sinceeconomicreformandopenpolicieswerestarted

intheearly1980s,whatchangeshavetakenplaceinstateownedenterprises?Readerswillfindanswerstothesequestionsandmorein“LiaoninginTransitionofReform”aseriesofarticlesbyLouiseCadieux.LouiseCadieuxhasdonemuchresearchonChina’sstate-ownedenterprises.Aftervisitingrepresentativeenterprisesinl.iaoningProvince,shewrotethearticleswithheru-nique,westernview.WehopeherviewswillhelpourreadersbetterunderstandChina’sstate-ownedenrerprises.l.Astate-ownedenterpriseisonethat_____.A.belongstoonepersonoragroupofpersonsB.belongstoacountryC.acountryrunsD.oneoragroupofpersonsrun2.Fromthepassageweknowit’struethat_____.A.LouiseCadieuxonlyansweredPresidentJiang’squestionsB.LouiseCadieuxhadmorequestionsthanPresidentJiangdidC.LouiseCadieuxansweredsomeofPresidentJiang’squestionsbyherresearchesD.PresidentJiang’squestionsaretoomanyandtoohardforLouiseCadieuxtoanswer3.Thispassagesuggeststhat_____.A.someproblemsarereallyexistinginstate-ownedenterprisesB.waysshouldbeandcanbefoundtosolvetheexistingproblemsC.it’stimefortheleaderstolookbackandfindproperwaysofmanagementD.alltheabovethree答：1.B2.C3.D解析：

1．此題屬事實理解題，從state-owned一詞可知選項。2．從結(jié)尾一段可判斷出C項。LouiseCadieux對中國的國企進行了研究。3．文中提到了國企存在的問題、解決辦法及領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)思考的管理辦法，故選D項。39Abranchofcomputersciencecailledartificalintelligenceusesprogramsthathelpsolveproblemsbyusinghumanknowledgeandexperience.Artificialintelligencesystemsareal-socalledexpertsystems,whichenablecomputersprogrammedwithgreatamountsofinformationtothinkaboutmanypossibilitiessuchasdiseasesthatcertainsymptoms(癥狀)couldindicateandmakeadccisionfortiletreatment.Computersareusedinteachingaswell.Programsthatperformcomputer-aidedin-struction(CAI計算機輔助教學(xué)studentsatalllevels,fromele-mentaryschooltotheuniversitylevel.Thestudentsitsatacomputerterminal(終端).TheterminaI’sscreendisplays)aredesignedtohelpaquestionforthestudenttoanswer.Iftheansweriswrongorincumplete,tilecomputermayaskthestudenttotryagain.Itthenmaysupplythecorrectanswerandanexplanation.CAfisalsousedinsomeadulteducationprogramsandaspartoftheemployeetrainingprogramsofsomebusinesscompanies.Oneofthemostimportantusesofcomputersistocommunicateinformationoverlongdistances.Theycansendinformationtoeachotherovertelephonelines.Asaresult,computerskeepbanks,newspapers,andotherinstitutionssuppliedwithup-totheminutehnformation.Acomputernetworkconsistsofmanycomputersinseparaterooms,build-ings,cities,orcountries,allconnectedtogether.Computernetworksallowpeopletocommunicatebyusingelectronicmailadocumenttypedintoonecomputerandsenttoan-other.Suchdocumentgenerallytravelinonlyafewminutes,eveniftheyarebeingsentoveralongdistance.Thecomputer’sabilitytoshareinformationwithothercomputersoveranetworklinkedbytelephonelinesisamajorrevolutionintelecommunieatitms.TheInternet,aninternationalnetworkofcomputernetworks,hasspreadoutsincetheearly1990’s.TheInternetbeganas.aUSnetworkofscientificandmilitarycomputersinthe1960’s.Nowitisaninternationalsystemforsendingandreceivingelectronicmail,software,andelec-tronicdocumentsandpicturefilesallovertheworld.TheInternethasalreadycutthecostoflong-distancecommunicaionsformanypeople.Inthefutureitwillcompletelychangethewaypeoplework.Withthelnternet,increasingnumbersofpeoplecanworkathomeinsteadofintheiroffice.Computersandtheirprogramsarethemostcomplexdevicesinhumanhistory,andprobablythemostuseful.Modernindustrialsocietiesnowdependonthem.Ascomput-ersbecomemorepowerfulandwidespread,computereducationmustcontinuetoincreasealso.1.Fromthefirstparagraphwegettoknowthatartificialintelligencesystents_____.A.arebeyondscientists’controlB.willtaketheplaceofdoctorsC.willtaketheplaceofscientistsD.areunderscientists’control2.IfyouuseE-mailtocommunicatewithyourfriends,youcan______.A.exchangeinformationwithoutpaperB.talkwithyourfriendsfreelyC.talkwithyourfriendsfacetofaceD.exchangeinformationwithoutcomputers3.Thephrase“up-to-the-minute”inthethirdparagraphmeans______.A.shortestB.latest

C.longestD.easiest4.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?______.A.ComputersAreDangerousB.ComputersAreCleverC.ComputersAreUsefulD.ComputersArelntercsting答：1.D2.A3.B4.C解析：1．從第一段可知人工智能系統(tǒng)是在科學(xué)家的控制下。2．和朋友網(wǎng)上交流不用紙。3．up-to-the-minute跟上時代的，最新的。4．文章主要介紹電腦的用途。故選C項。40Somedoctorsusemagic,someuseneedlesandothersusepills.Whoarethey?AmongtheIndiansofNorthAmericathe‘medicineman’wasaveryimportantperson.Hecouldcureillnesses,andhecouldspeaktothespirits—thesupernaturalforcesthatcontrolledtheworld.TheIndiansbelievedthatbadspiritsmadepeopleill.So,whenpeoplewereill,themedicinemantriedtohelpthembyusingmagic—hespoketothegoodspiritsandaskedfortheirhelp.Manypeoplewerecuredbecausetheythoughtthatthespiritswerehelpingthem.Butreallythesepeoplecuredthemselves.Sometimesyourownmindisthebestdoctorforyou.Themedicinemenwereoftensuccessfulforanotherreason,too.TheyknewaboutplantsthatreallycaneureillnessesAlotofmodernmedicinesaremadefromplantsthatwereusedbymedicinemenhundredsofyearsago.FormorethanfivethousandyearsChinesedoctorshaveusedneedlestofightillnes-ses.Thismethodiscalledaeupnneture(針灸).Thedoctor

studiesthesickpersoncarefully.Thenheputsneedlesintothatperson’sbodyattherightplacesforhisillness.Chi-nesedoctorsbelievethattheycancontrolthebody’snaturalforcesinthisway.Atfirst,doctorsintheWestthoughtthatthiswasjustanoth