英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀材料必備

第英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀材料必備

2023年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigers

survivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowed

andcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigers

existedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.

Ninetigerreserves(保留地)werecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadto

studytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabout

theirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryof

between10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.

Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritories(領(lǐng)地)ofthreeorfour

tigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineand

otherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,being

guidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonly

whenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigress

fromtheattentionsofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerable

hunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriesto

attack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.

Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80S),butIndiashuman

populationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikely

tobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingserious

andmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsare

reservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedto

thehostility.

練習(xí)題：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo_____.

A.studythegrowthrateoftigers

B.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

2.Studieshaveshownthat______.

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetigers

C.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

3.Accordingtothepassage,atigersterritory_____.

A.remainsunchanged

B.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.expandsasthetigergrowsup

D.isthecauseofmostfights

4.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger_____.

A.hasbeencarriedtoofar

B.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

D.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

5.Theauthorseems_____.

A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

B.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

C.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

1.[D]根據(jù)文章第1段，老虎被捕殺是其數(shù)量劇減的根本原因，因此使老虎免于被殺是野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)基金會(huì)的最終目的，故選D。

2.[B]

第3段第2句說(shuō)，但研究表明老虎捕捉獵物的成功率僅為1/20，B與之相符。第2段說(shuō)到老虎一般會(huì)避免領(lǐng)土之爭(zhēng)，C與之不符，故排除;A、D在原文中并未提及均可排除。

3.[A]

第2段第2句提到，研究表明，一頭雄老虎依年齡、體型及力量可以控制10至20公里的狩獵領(lǐng)地，隨著老虎的長(zhǎng)大，其體型及力量都在增大，其占領(lǐng)的狩獵領(lǐng)地的面積自然也就增大，故A正確。

4.[C]文章第4段首句說(shuō),許多人近來(lái)開(kāi)始擔(dān)心老虎項(xiàng)目過(guò)于成功，C項(xiàng)是該句的同義替換，故為答案。

5.[B]縱觀全文，作者對(duì)于老虎保護(hù)項(xiàng)目沒(méi)有加入個(gè)人的主觀色彩，他持的是一種客觀的態(tài)度，故選B。

2023年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance(異乎尋常地).Insome

regions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevels

shotupnearly400feet.floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopleto

migrateinland.Desertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifted

drasticallyinNorthAmerica.EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimals

aroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayof

lifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvation

anddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgave

risetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektoponderthe

globalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolution

inunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepast-andhowthosechangeshave

transformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheran

illuminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathave

combinedtochangetheplanetsenvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandback

againoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportant.scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimatic

changeshavebadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.New

researchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyevery

significantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)

some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs.from

thehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,the

humanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,

somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

Thenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentsummitin

Rio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeis

nothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexisted

overthepast10,000years-duringwhichagriculture.writing,citiesandmost

otherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared-isamerebrightspotinamuchlarger

patternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimate

changeinthepastrevealsthatEarthsclimatewillalmostcertainlygothrough

dramaticchangesinthefuture-evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeen

obliged__________.

A)togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B)toleavethecoastalareas

C)tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D)toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate____________.

A)isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B)hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C)willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D)hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution________.

A)hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B)hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C)haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D)hashadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat__________.

A)humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarthsenvironment

B)Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C)Earthsclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D)Earthsclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthe

future

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageis

that______________.

A)humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimatic

changes

B)mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesof

climate

C)manbastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarming

process

D)humancivilizationwillcontinueiodevelopinspiteofthechangesof

nature

1.務(wù)農(nóng)成了糊口策略，因?yàn)槿藗円呀?jīng)被___________。

A)放棄原來(lái)的生活方式

B)離開(kāi)海岸地區(qū)

C)跟隨總在變化的植被情況

D)放棄原來(lái)的居住地

[A]文章第1段提到“人類(lèi)在將其周?chē)脑S多種動(dòng)物逼向?yàn)l臨滅絕的境地之后，也被迫放棄他們已導(dǎo)致饑荒、疾病的舊有生活方式而選擇全新的求生策略。這種策略就是農(nóng)業(yè)”。A與文章的意思相符合。

2.地球科學(xué)家已經(jīng)了解到，氣候___________________。

A)正在經(jīng)歷重大的變化

B)已經(jīng)在過(guò)去的l萬(wàn)年當(dāng)中變得越來(lái)越熱

C)終將從熱變冷

D)已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了階段性的變化

[D]文章第2段提到“研究者已經(jīng)開(kāi)始綜合出一幅有關(guān)強(qiáng)大的地質(zhì)和天文力量發(fā)生作用的說(shuō)明性的圖片，在過(guò)去的幾百萬(wàn)年中，這兩種力量結(jié)合在一起改變著地球的環(huán)境：從炎熱到寒冷，從潮濕到干燥，如此反復(fù)，循環(huán)不止”，D與文章的意思一致。因而正確。

3.科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人類(lèi)的進(jìn)化__________________。

A)極少伴隨著氣候變化

B)對(duì)氣候變化的影響很小

C)深受氣候變化的影響

D)對(duì)氣候變化有重大影響

[C]文章第3段提到“最重要的是，科學(xué)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始意識(shí)到氣候的變化對(duì)人種的進(jìn)化有著主要的影響?，F(xiàn)在新的研究表明幾乎在人類(lèi)進(jìn)化的每一個(gè)重大的轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)期天氣變化都起著關(guān)鍵的作用”，所以人類(lèi)進(jìn)化受到氣候變化的影響。因此，C正確。

4.過(guò)去氣候變化的證據(jù)表明了__________________。

A)人類(lèi)的活動(dòng)已經(jīng)加速了地球環(huán)境的變化

B)盡管受到了人類(lèi)的干預(yù)，地球環(huán)境會(huì)保持濕和不變

C)地球的氣候在未來(lái)會(huì)有重大的改變

D)地球的氣候在未來(lái)不大可能發(fā)生實(shí)質(zhì)性的改變

[C]文章最后一段提到“事實(shí)上，過(guò)去氣候變化的模式表明地球的氣候在將來(lái)肯定會(huì)經(jīng)歷重大的變化——即使是沒(méi)有人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響”，因此，C與文章所表達(dá)的意思一致。

5.作者想通過(guò)文章傳達(dá)出的信息是__________________。

A)雖然人類(lèi)文明受到了氣候變化的影響，但仍然絢爛無(wú)比

B)面對(duì)氣候的劇烈變化，人類(lèi)基本上束手無(wú)榮

C)人類(lèi)應(yīng)該限制自己的活動(dòng)來(lái)減緩全球暖化的進(jìn)程

D)盡管自然在發(fā)生變化，但人類(lèi)文明仍會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展

[B]全文圍繞氣候變化給人類(lèi)帶來(lái)的影響展開(kāi)，而文章最后一句“地球氣候幾乎注定要在將來(lái)發(fā)生巨大的變化——甚至無(wú)須人類(lèi)的干預(yù)”，說(shuō)明人類(lèi)無(wú)力改變自然，B為正確答案。

2023年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解

Onaverage,Americankidsages3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,

eighthoursmorethattheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkand

participatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet(芭蕾舞).

Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:boys

nowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghallthat

time.Allinall,however,children’sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin

1981to25%

“Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機(jī))thataffectstheir

parents,”saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren’s

timetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutside

thehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand“malebreadwinner”

householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents19

hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswith

theirsinglemothers.)

Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids.“Playisthe

mostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,”saysT.

BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardMedicalSchoolUnstructuredplay

encouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheir

relationshipswiththeirpeers,butkidsages3to12spentonly12hoursaweek

engagedinit.

Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing“free

time”watchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindings

parentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontofthe

TVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstoget

kidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweek

reading.Let’sfaceit,who’sgotthetime

練習(xí)題：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Bymentioning“thesametimecrunch”(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferth

means________.

A.childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparents

B.childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparents

C.bothparentsandchildrensufferfromlackofleisuretime

D.bothparentsandchildrenhavetroublemanagingtheirtime

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thereasongivenbySandraHofferthforthe

timecrunchis________.

A.quiteconvincing

B.partiallytrue

C.totallygroundless

D.ratherconfusing

3.Accordingtotheauthorachilddevelopsbetterif________.

A.hehasplentyoftimereadingandstudying

B.heislefttoplaywithhispeersinhisownway

C.hehasmoretimeparticipatinginschoolactivities

D.heisfreetointeractwithhisworkingparents

4.TheauthorisconcernedaboutthefactthatAmericankids________.

A.areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivities

B.areincreasinglyneglectedbytheirworkingmothers

C.arespendingmoreandmore