Unit+3+Celebrations+Lesson+1+Spring+Festival課件 【知識精講精析】 高中英語北師大版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit3Celebrations

Lesson1SpringFestivalCanyounamethesefestivals?Asthebrightmoonshinesoverthesea,Fromfarawayyousharethismomentwithme.海上生明月，天涯共此時。Mid-autumnFestivalButinthecrowdonceandagain,Ilookforherinvain,WhenallatonceIturnmyhead,Ifindhertherewherelanternlightisdimlyshed.眾里尋他千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在燈火闌珊處。LanternFestivalTheCrepitationofFirecrackerssendsoffthelastyear,thespringwindbringswarmthintotheTuSuWine.爆竹聲中一歲除，春風(fēng)送暖入屠蘇。SpringFestival春節(jié)ActivateandshareWhereandwithwhomdoyoucelebrateSpringFestival?ActivateandshareWhatdoyourfamilydobeforeandduringSpringFestival?PreparationbeforeSpringFestivalActivitiesduringSpringFestivalpreparesnacksputupdecorationsdoSpringFestivalshoppingdocleanuphaveafamilygatheringletofffireworkssendandgrabredpacketswatchSpringFestivalGalamakedumplingsActivateandshareWhatdoesSpringFestivalmeantoyou?Forexample:Forme,SpringFestivalmeansgoinghomeandreunion.ReadnotesfromtheauthorSpringFestivalisanimportanttraditioninChina.Ithasuniquemeaning.However,peoplemayunderstanditdifferently,includingthosefromothercultures.Herearethreereaders’accountstoourmagazine,whosharedtheirexperiencesandviewsaboutit.specialstoriesRead3people’sintroductionTomJenkinsa16-year-oldexchangestudentlivinginNanjingXuGanga28-year-oldcomputerengineerworkinginShanghaiLiYana70-year-oldgrandmotherfromHeilongjiangTelloutthedifferenceagecountryjobdifferentmeaningsMakepredictionsWhatmightSpringFestivalmeantothem?Belowarethegeneralideasofthreereaders’accountswithsomecontentmissing.Pleasereadthetextandfillintheblanks(onewordforeachblank).★Account1tellsushowChinesecelebrateSpringFestivalina(n)1.___________eyes.★Account2ismainlyaboutwhatXuGang,whoisworkinginanothercity,hasdoneorexperiencedonhis2.________andathomeduringSpringFestival.

★Account3tellsushoweageranoldcouplearetoseetheirchildrenandgrandchildrenandenjoyafamily3.________duringSpringFestival.foreigner’s

tripgatheringReadthethreereaders’accounts.UseafewwordstosummarisethemeaningofSpringFestivalforeachaccount.Giveyourreasons.ForTom,SpringFestivalmeansexcitementandalotoffun.ForXuGang,cominghomeandbeingwithhisentirefamilyaremostimportantpartsoftheSpringFestival.ForLiYan,SpringFestivalisfamilytime.ReadandunderlineTom’sexperiencesWhereandwithwhomPreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalActivitiesduringSpringFestivalFeelings/understandingsReadTom’saccountagainandfillintheblanks.ReaderWhoheisWhatheexperiencedHowhefeltTomJenkinsA16-year-old

1.__________________livinginNanjing★Peoplecleanedthehousefromtoptobottomto2.____________thedirtofthepastyear.★PeopleattachedtheChinesecharacterFu3._____________tothefrontdoortohopehappinesswouldcome.★Thegreatestexcitementwastolet4.________offacrossthecityto5.________themonsterNian.★Thefamilysattogethertoenjoyabig6.________onChineseNewYear’sEve.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.exchangestudentsweepawayupsidedownfireworksscareawaydinnerRetellTom’saccountTomcelebratedSpringFestivalwith…BeforeSpringFestival,…DuringSpringFestival,…Fromhisexperiences,Iknowthathe…

ToTom,SpringFestivalmeant…TalkaboutSpringFestivalIfTomwereyourfriend,youtwoaretalkingaboutSpringFestival.Questions?Whereandwithwhom?What?Why?How?…HomeworkFindoutXuGang’sandLiYan’sexperiencesofSpringFestivalintheothertwoaccounts.(Ex.4P.54)P54--4Tom，XuGangandLiYan’saccountsTomXuGangLiYanWhereandwithwhomPreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalActivitiesduringSpringFestivalFeelingsUnderstandingsXuGangandLiYan’saccountsXuGangLiYanWhereandwithwhomatparents’homewithhisparentsathomewithherfamilyPreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalbooktrainticketsorflightsandselectgiftsforparents

getreadyforchildrencomingbackandpreparedishesActivitiesduringSpringFestivalchatwithhisparentsandhavehotpotchildrenrun/shout/play;

adultstalk/makejiaozitogetherFeelingseagertogohome;loveandcareabouthisfamilymissandloveherchildrenUnderstandingsgoinghomeandbeingtogetherwithhisfamilythejoyoffamilygatheringReaderWhoheisWhatheexperiencedHowhefeltXuGangA28-year-old7.______________workinginShanghai★Hehasto8.________trainticketsorflightsseveralweeksbeforeSpringFestival.★Hetakesgreatcareinchoosing9.______________forhisparents.★Eachtimehegetshomehisparentsalways10.________himinonwhat’sbeenhappeningduringtheyear.★Theyusuallyhavetasty11.________.12._____________andbeingwithhisentirefamilyisthemostimportantpartofSpringFputerengineerbookgifts/presentsfillhotpotCominghomeReaderWhosheisWhatsheexperiencedHowshefeltLiYanA70-year-oldgrandmotherfrom13._____________★14.________beforeSpringFestival,sheandherhusbandbegantopreparewhatchildrenliketoeat.★Theirhousebuzzeswith15.________wheneveryonecomeshomeduringthisoccasion.SpringFestivalforthemisallaboutthe16.________ofafamilygathering.HeilongjiangWeeks

activitiesjoyRetellXuGang’s&LiYan’saccountsXuGang/LiYanalwayscelebratesSpringFestivalwith…BeforeSpringFestival,he/she…Whenthefamilygettogether,…Fromhis/herexperiences,Iknowthathe/she…

ToXuGang/LiYan,SpringFestivalmeans…AppreciatelanguageFireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Childrenwerecoveringtheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.ThemomentIgetonthetrain,IwassurroundedbyShanxiaccents.WhenIgethome,myparentswillfillmeinonwhat’sbeenhappening.Ourhousebuzzeswithactivitieswheneveryonecomeshome.Ourgrandchildrenrunaroundshoutingandplaying,andtheadultsgatheraroundthetabletotalkaboutthepastyear.VoiceyouropinionsDoyouagreewiththeeditor’sendingremarks評論?Why?Throughouthistory,someoftheoriginalcustomshavechanged,butthespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeenkept.MostoftheimportantSpringFestivaltraditionsarestillbeingpracticedbypeopleacrossthecountry.P54-EX6.

Thinkandshare.WhatcanyouinferfromXuGang’sandLiYan’saccounts?WhatdoesitmeaninChineseculture?Familyreunionisthecentralthemeofbothaccounts.ThisshowstheimportanceoffamilyinChineseculture.P54EX7Completetheinformationwiththewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnt.TomJenkinsspenthisfirstSpringFestivalwithhishostfamily.Aweekbeforethefestival,thehostmotherMrsChenbeganpreparations.She1________thedirtofthehousefromtoptobottomtomakeitreadyforthenewyear.Shealso2__________theChinese3__________Fu4____________onthefrontdoortowelcomehappiness.TomalsolearntthatplayingfireworkswastoscareawaythemonsterNian.sweptattachedcharacterupsidedownXuGangusuallybookstheticketoftrainsor5__________forhistriphomeweeksbeforeSpringFestival.Whenhegetsonthetrain,heis6_____________byShanxi7__________.Whenhegetshome,hisparentsalways8___________whathappenedtothepeopleheknows.Beingwithhis9__________familyisthemostimportantpartofSpringFestivalforhim.flightssurroundedaccentsfillhiminonentireLiYanandherhusbandare10_________.Theystartpreparingfortheirfamily’sreturnweeksbeforeSpringFestival.Wheneveryonegetshome,theirhouse11________withactivities.Oneoftheirfavouritefamilytraditionsistomakejiaozi.Familybeingtogetherisoneofthe12__________ofSpringFestivalthroughouthistory.retiredbuzzesspiritattachedcharactersurroundedjoymomenthostexchangedtraditioncustomSpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.Preparationsbeginaweekbeforethefestival.First,thehouseiscleanedfromtoptobottom.Thisistosweepawaythedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.Next,theChinesecharacterFuisattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.ThegreatestexcitementbeginsthenightbeforeSpringFestival.Fireworksareletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Childrencovertheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.Itistoscareawaythemonsternian.Thenwesittogethertoenjoyabigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.

Preparationsbeginaweekbeforethefestival.First,thehouseiscleanedfromtoptobottom.Thisistosweepawaythedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.Next,theChinesecharacterFuisattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.ThegreatestexcitementbeginsthenightbeforeSpringFestival.Fireworksareletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Childrencovertheirearsbutwithanexpectantlookontheirfaces.Itistoscareawaythemonsternian.Thenwesittogethertoenjoyabigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.受到高度重視從上到下地打掃清除準備上下顛倒粘貼據(jù)說福字山下顛倒粘貼時，幸福會來臨煙花在整個城市上空燃放臉上一副期待地表情嚇跑PassivevoiceLookandfindthesubject,theactionsandtheobjects.Theboyknockedoverthecupandspilledhisjuiceontherug.subjectactionsobjectsThecupwasknockedoverandthejuicewasspilledontherugbytheboy.Passivesentence:被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)：表示主語是謂語動作的承受者Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.被動語態(tài)語態(tài)主動語態(tài)：表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者

Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.在下列情況下使用被動語態(tài)：不知道也不需要知道誰做的這件事：

egItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown…“動作執(zhí)行者”顯而易見：

egThehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.動作本身比“動作執(zhí)行者”更重要，或不想說誰做的這件事：

egThespiritofthefestival–thespiritoffamily–haslargelybeenkept.在書面語中，特別是在科技報告和新聞報道中，被動語態(tài)比主動語態(tài)更正式：

egEverycountrywasallowedtodesigntheirownEurocoinswhichcouldbeusedinanyoftheparticipatingcountries.TheinternationalSpaceStationhasbeenbuiltintheEarth’sorbit.LearnthestructureofpassivevoiceBasicformofpassivevoice?be+donedifferenttensesunchangedLearnthestructureofpassivevoiceTensePassiveformPresentsimplePastsimplePresentcontinuousPastcontinuousPresentperfectPastperfectFuturesimplePastfuture一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時am/is/are+doneam/is/arebeing+donehave/hasbeen+donewas/were+donewas/werebeing+donewillbe+donewouldbe+done過去完成時hadbeen+doneHighlightthestructureofpassivevoice

(Ex.8P.54)Thehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.Trainticketsorflightshavetobebookedasearlyaspossible.Thespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeenkept.EX9Chooseaproperoptionofeachsituation.Explainwhy.1MyfriendGeorgedrawslandscapepictures._______aHesellsthemformoney.bTheyaresoldbyhimformoney.aWhatGeorgedoesismoreimportantthanthepicturesinthesentences,so“he”isputinthestartingpointofthesecondsentence.2There’ssomebodybehindus._______aIthinkwe’rebeingfollowed.bIthinksomeoneisfollowingus.a“We”inthestartingpointofthesentencehasbettereffectofshowingthedangeroussituation.Itmatterslesstoknowwhoisfollowingus.3Thisorangejuicetastesawful._______aIthinksomeonehasleftitoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.bIthinkit’sbeenleftoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.b“It”inthestartingpointoftheclauseshowsthatwhathappenedtothejuiceismorecloselyrelatedtothetasteofthejuice.Itislessimportanttoknowwhodiditbecausesuchinformationwouldnotchangethefactabouttaste.4Tommytakesgoodcareofhiscar._______aHewashesthecareveryweek.bThecariswashedbyhimeveryweek.a“He”inthestartingpointofthesentencebettersupportstheideastatedinthefirstsentence.What“he”does,notwhatthecarislikeshowshiscareforthecar.5Theoldladyrentedanoldhouse.______aSomebodybuiltitin1990.bItwasbuiltin1900.b“It”inthestartingpointofthesentencedrawsmoreattentiontothehouse,notwhobuiltit,andbettersupportsthequalityofthehouse,“old”.在使用被動語態(tài)時，應(yīng)注意以下幾個問題：1.

一些表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞（短語）沒有被動語態(tài)。常見的這類動詞（短語）有：have,hold,cost,equal,join,mean,wish,own,suit,fit,agreewith,belongto,looklike等。

egThisbighallbuiltlastyearcanholdabout3,000people.Thehousecostshim35,000dollars.Thebookbelongs

tome.2.

當(dāng)動詞look,smell,sound,feel,taste等用作系動詞時，不能用于被動語態(tài)，但是可以表示被動意義。

egTheflowersinthegardensmellsweet.Thefoodtheretastesnice.3.

某些可以和well,easily等副詞連用的不及物動詞，如：read,write,sell,wear,burn等，如果用來表示主語的屬性、特征，不用被動語態(tài)也可以表被動意義。試比較：

egTheclotheswash

well.(表屬性、特征)

這些衣服很好洗。

Theclotheswerewashedlastweek.(表動作)

這些衣服上周被洗過了。4.

某些與can’t,won’t

等連用的不及物動詞，如move,lock,shut,open等，可以用主動形式表被動意義。

egThedoorwon’tshut.Thenewdoorwon’tlockeasily.5.

當(dāng)need,want,require等謂語動詞前的主語與其后的非謂語動詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系時，

非謂語動詞可以用不定式的被動式，也可以用動詞-ing形式的主動式表被動含義。

egThehouseneededpainting

.The

houseneedtobepainted.Theflowerswantwatering

everyday.Theflowerswanttobewateredeveryday.6.

形容詞worth后接動詞-ing形式的主動式表被動含義。

egThebook

JaneEyre

iswellworthreading.7.

某些表示“發(fā)生(happen

/takeplace)”、“爆發(fā)(breakout)”和“傳播(spread)”的不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。

egGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountrysince1998.8.

一般來說，只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)，但有些短語動詞相當(dāng)于及物動詞，可以有被動語態(tài)，此時的短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時不可去掉任何部分。

egThe

price

has

been

brought

down.The

children

must

be

taken

good

care

of.注意：當(dāng)短語動詞中有中心名詞，且是動賓關(guān)系，也可將這類短語動詞本身的名詞用作主語，構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。egMore

attention

should

be

paid

to

English.

9.

使役動詞have,make等以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后接不定式作補足語時，主動結(jié)構(gòu)中如用不帶to的不定式，被動結(jié)構(gòu)則用帶to的不定式。

egIoftenseetheoldwomannextdoorcookmeals.=Theoldwomannextdoorisoftenseentocookmeals.Isawtheteachergointotheclassroom.=Theteacherwasseentogointotheclassroom.Readthenewsreport.Rewritetheunderlinedsectionsinpassivevoice.(1)TheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,isattractingtensofthousandsofvisitorsduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.TheLanternShowexhibitsover60seriesoflanterns,amongwhich12areicelanterns.ThousandsofvisitorsarebeingattractedbytheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,duringtheSpringFestivalholiday.展覽(Ex.10P.55)(2)Peoplemixtraditionallanternswithicelanternstocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.TheshowusuallystartsfromthefifthdayofSpringFestival.BesidestheLanternShow,peoplecanalsoenjoymanyotheractivities,includingtraditionaloperasandlanternriddleguessinggames.Traditionallanternsandicelanternsweremixedtocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.氣氛

(3)Lastyear,thegovernmentrebuilttheancientwallsinthiscityand(4)thisyear,thegovernmentorganisedtheLanternShowundertheancientwallsforthefirsttime.Thenewlybuiltancientwallshavenowbecomeacallingcardforthecity.Theancientwallsinthiscitywererebuiltbythegovernment.TheLanternShowwasorganisedbythegovernmentundertheancientwallsforthefirsttimethisyear.Officialssaythatover80,000peoplevisitedtheshowonthefirstday.(5)Theyexpectmorepeopletovisitinthecomingdays.TheLanternShowendson16February.Morepeopleareexpectedtovisitinthecomingdays.Ⅰ.用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thecomputerneeds______________________(repair)atonce.2.Moreandmoregreenfruitandvegetables_____________(sell)inthemarketnow.3.Iwon'tplayfootballuntilmyhomework___________(finish).repairing/toberepaired

arebeingsold

isfinished4.What__________(give)tothevillageschoolasapresentlastmonth?5.Ibelievethatthosemountains_______________(cover)withtreesinafewyears.6.Theboyoftenmakeshissister________(cry),butyesterdayhewasmade________(cry)byhissister.wasgivenwillbecovered

crytocry7.Themilk________(taste)strange.Doyouthinkit'sOKtodrink?8.Itwassaidatleast180men________________(kill)duringthenight.tastes

hadbeenkilledII.

用所學(xué)知識完成下面短文。Mybrother’scar1.________(hit)byanothercarlastweek.Afterthepoliceofficerarrived,bothdrivers2.___________(give)ticketsfornotstoppingatastopsign.Mybrothersenthiscartoarepairshopaftertheaccident.Unfortunately,themechanicdoesn’thavethepartsheneedstofixthecarandthecar3.

______________(repair)nextweek.Luckily,mybrotherhasgoodinsurance.Hewon’thavetopaymuc