Unit3Period2Languagepoints-高中英語課堂精美課件（人教版2019）（選擇性）

Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionReadingandThinkingthewayinwhichplants,animals,andpeoplearerelatedtoeachotherandtotheirenvironment,orthescientificstudyofthis

tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftimegoodenoughforpeopletoliveinitchangestoaliquid,usuallybecauseithasbeenheated.includingallthenecessaryfacts,details,orproblemsthatneedtobedealtwith

asubstancesuchascoal,gas,oroilthatcanbeburnedtoproduceheatorenergyageneraltendencyinthewayasituationischangingordevelopingeverywhereintheworldawayofdoingsomethingthathasbeenofficiallyagreedandchosenbyapoliticalparty,business,orotherorganizationveryoftenormanytimesamarkmadebyafootorshoetosendoutradioortelevisionprogrammesMatchingReviewsomewordslearntinthisunit.1.Thereislittledoubtthat

Earthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Thereislittledoubt...幾乎沒有疑問的是……Thereisnodoubtthat...毫無疑問的是……Thereissomedoubtaboutsth.

對……值得懷疑that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明doubt的具體內(nèi)容注意：doubt前有否定意義的詞修飾時，其后的同位語從句由that引導(dǎo)；doubt前有肯定意義的詞修飾時，其后的同位語從句由whether或if引導(dǎo)。The“natural”greenhouseeffectreferstothefact_____heatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.(P26~P27)that同位語從句：大多由從屬連詞_____引導(dǎo),常常跟在order,report,wish,decision,suggestion,belief,doubt,fact,hope,message,news等抽象名詞的____，一般用來解釋或說明這些名詞的具體含義或內(nèi)容。that后面即學(xué)即用thatthathowwhatwhether2.Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwithmeltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidenceofadramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.(P26)句式分析alongwith

連接前后兩個主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)和________那個主語保持一致，即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”。前面的海洋和大氣變暖，以及冰層融化、海平面上升，都為全球氣候急劇變化提供了依據(jù)。isofferedwereisplaying即學(xué)即用3.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞scientiststhat引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞all,that不能用which代替句意：根據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)北極熊尸體的科學(xué)家的說法，這只北極熊只剩下了“皮和骨頭”?！?018-北京】5.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.【2018-天津】2.Kae,________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,has

gonetoworkinAustralia.【2018-江蘇】23.Self-drivingisanarea________Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.【2017·北京卷】31.Thelittleproblems________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.【2017·江蘇】28.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.whichwhosewherewhosethat4.…thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.本句中appear是系動詞，tohavestarvedanddied是不定式作表語。starve這個動作發(fā)生在appear之前，所以用完成式的形式來表達(dá)。starvev.

tosufferordiebecauseyoudonothaveenoughtoeat(使)挨餓;餓死e.g.ThemostdamagingthingtheWestcoulddoistostarveRussiaofnewforeigncapital.

Inthe1930s,millionsofUkrainiansstarvedtodeathorweredeported(驅(qū)逐出境).Theelectricityindustryisnottheonlyonetohavebeenstarvedofinvestment.starvetodeath餓死

bestarvedof/for缺乏/急需……Theyappeartodoeverythinginarush,withaneyeontheclock,asiftheyhadashorttimetolive.TherunofOfocustomersseekingrefundsappearstohavestartedlastweek.【語境應(yīng)用】翻譯句子。1)那次饑荒(famine)中有許多人餓死了。2)那個可憐的孩子急需關(guān)注。3)給我準(zhǔn)備些吃的！我快餓死了！4)你好像犯了一個錯誤。/似乎你弄錯了。5)他似乎在自言自語。Manypeoplestarvedtodeathbecauseofthefamine.Thepoorkidisjuststarvedforattention.Pleasepreparesomefoodforme.I’mstarving!Youappeartohavemadeamistake.Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.過去分詞作后置定語，修飾名詞processwhich引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾the“greenhouseeffect”句意：氣候?qū)W家經(jīng)常提到一個被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過程，它有兩個常見的含義：“自然”溫室效應(yīng)和“人為”溫室效應(yīng)。5.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.(P26)專家稱，氣候變化導(dǎo)致的海冰面降低意味著北極熊無法像以前那樣捕食海豹，于是它只能長途跋涉去尋找食物。causedbyclimatechange

在句中作____________。后置定語類似句子：即學(xué)即用boughtpaidinvitedknowngiven6.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.releasevt.:toletasubstanceflowout排放；釋放osth.egWe’vesetthefirst-evernationalstandardslimitingtheamountofcarbonpollutionthatpowerplantscanreleaseintothesky.

我們設(shè)置了第一個國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以限定發(fā)電廠可以釋放到天空的碳污染量。

Iwillsoonretirefromthebankandwithoutwastingtime,Iwilllikethefundtobereleasedintoyouraccount.

我將很快從銀行退休，沒有浪費(fèi)時間，我會希望該基金將釋放到你的帳戶。releasevt.:toletnewsorofficialinformationbeknownandprinted發(fā)布egWhogavetheauthorizationtoreleasethedata?

誰授權(quán)發(fā)表這些資料的？

ThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.

新軟件計劃四月份發(fā)行。releasen.排放；釋放；發(fā)布egTheaccidentcausedthereleaseofradioactivity(放射性物質(zhì))

into

theatmosphere.Therearestrictrulesonthereleaseofofficialinformation.【語境應(yīng)用】用所給提示詞的正確形式完成句子。1)Theprisonerhasservedhissentencesofarand_______________(release)tomorrow.2)Whenshewasathomealone,sheburstintotears,_________(release)allheremotions.3)Theyrefused_________(release)theirhostagesunlesscertainconditionsweremet.4)Ithinkherdeathwasa________(mercy)release.5)Shecanexpect_______earlyreleasefromprison.willbereleasedreleasingtoreleasemercifulan7.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.(P27)大氣層中甲烷、二氧化碳等溫室氣體吸收了部分熱量，從而使地球保持氣候溫暖、適宜居住。(P27)句式分析v-ing短語在句子中作__________。結(jié)果狀語1.Europeanfootballisplayedinmorethan80countries,________(make)itoneofthemostpopulargamesintheworld.2.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus________(cause)thedelay.3.Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,_______(leave)herwiththreechildrentolookafter.3.___________(consider)thereasonsmentionedabove,weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectourenvironment.4.Theleaderstayedupallnight,_________(think)ofwhattodothenextday.5.__________________(notreceive)herreply,hedecidedtosendanothere-mailtoher.leavingmakingcausingConsideringthinkingNothavingreceived8.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.sustainv.

tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftime保持，維持，使持續(xù)egHehassustainedhisfiercesocialconsciencefromyoungadulthoodthrougholdage.

他從青年時代到晚年一直保持著強(qiáng)烈的社會良知。

Someofthosesmallmammalshelptosustainsuchbigbirdsasgoldeneagles.其中的一些小型哺乳動物有助于維持金鷹等大型鳥類的生存。sustainv.

tosufferdamage,aninjury,orlossofmoney遭受，經(jīng)受eg

Asthehoneybee’sstingerisheavilybarbed,thisresultsintheactofstingingcausingthebeetosustainafatalinjury.

由于蜜蜂的毒刺有深深的倒鉤，因此蜜蜂在蟄人的時候就會受到致命的傷害。sustainv.

bethephysicalsupportof;carrytheweightof

承受，支撐egTheicewillnotsustainyourweight.

這冰承受不了你的體重。

Theevidenceisnotdetailedenoughtosustainhisargument.

這一證據(jù)過于籠統(tǒng)，不足以證明他的論點(diǎn)。

Forastart,theysustaincountlessotherspecies.

首先，它們養(yǎng)活了無數(shù)其他物種。【拓展】

sustainableadj.

可持續(xù)的，合理利用的

sustainable

economicgrowth經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)增長【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子1)Theicewastoothinto_________________(承受體重)ofthegoat.2)Finallythehurricaneleft,butthecityhad_____________________(遭受巨大破壞).3)Theaimofyesterday’smeetingwastopromote______________________(可持續(xù)發(fā)展)inthatarea.4)Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectiveways_____________________________(保持健康生活).5)Shemanaged__________________________(使每個人興趣盎然)untiltheendofherspeech.sustaintheweightsustainedgreatdamagesustainabledevelopmenttosustainahealthylifestyletosustaineveryone’sinterest9.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels…h(huán)ugeamountsof

+不可數(shù)名詞“大量，許多”,修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式ahugeamountof+不可數(shù)名詞

“大量，許多”,修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式egAhugeamountofenergyisstoredin,onandabovetheoceans.

海上、海面和海里都蘊(yùn)藏著巨大的能量。(1)

一般只用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的有：

agreat/goodmany,agreat/large/goodnumberof,quiteafew等。(2)

一般只用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:

quitealittle,agreatdealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof等。(3)

既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有：

plentyof,alotof,lotsof,amassof,massesof等，這時謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于它們后面所接的名詞的形式。(4)alargequantityof和largequantitiesof后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，又可接不可數(shù)名詞，這時謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要由quantity的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定?！練w納】表示“許多，大量”的短語：was

are

hasrushwerehas主句剩余的部分是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，解釋evidence的具體內(nèi)容。notonly…,butalso…是兩個并列的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語注意事項notonlyAbutalsoB結(jié)構(gòu)中的A和B通常是同等成分。由于同一成分常常由同一詞類的詞來擔(dān)任，所以A與B是同一詞性。但是,也有A與B屬于不同詞性的情形。如：Heisnotonlyveryclever,butalsoaveryhardworker,andhelikestodoeverythingwell.(他不但聰明,而且能下功夫。他喜歡把每一件事都做得很好。)其中A是形容詞，B是名詞，但兩者均在句中作表語，因此仍是正確句子。11.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾rainstormsandheatwavesbroadcastv.

tosendoutradioortelevisionprogrammes廣播;播送egTheinterviewwasbroadcastonradioandtelevision.

廣播和電視都報道了這次會見。

Broadcastnewswasaccurateandreliablebutdeadlydull.

新聞廣播準(zhǔn)確、可靠，但極其枯燥。broadcastv.totellsth.toalotofpeople使廣為傳播，散布eg“Theabilitytobroadcasttooursocialgroupmeansweneedneverfeelalone,”hesays.

“向我們的社會群體傳播信息的能力意味著我們永遠(yuǎn)不會感到孤獨(dú)?！彼f道。broadcastn.aprogrammeontheradioorontelevision廣播節(jié)目;電視節(jié)目egHeflippedontheradiotogetthehourlynewsbroadcast.

他把收音機(jī)打開，收聽整點(diǎn)新聞廣播。

Lifeisnotadressrehearsal,everydetailisalivebroadcast.

人生沒有彩排，每一個細(xì)節(jié)都是現(xiàn)場直播。【點(diǎn)撥】

alivebroadcast(n.)

broadcast(v.)live現(xiàn)場直播12.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.resultin:

tomakesomethinghappen導(dǎo)致，造成egSuchawarcouldresultintheuseofchemicalandbiologicalweapons.Competitioncanbehealthy,butifitispushedtoofaritcanresultinbullying.【拓展】resultfrom...由……造成;因……而產(chǎn)生

asaresultof...由于……的結(jié)果

asaresult結(jié)果(在句中常用作插入語,

相當(dāng)于一個副詞)eg

Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.Heisunabletogotoschoolasaresultofthefallfromhishorse.Hesavedthelifeoftheboss’daughter.Asaresult,

hewasgivenanexcellentjob.【語境應(yīng)用】翻譯下面句子。1)

這次對話增進(jìn)了兩國間的相互了解。2)

他犯了一個大錯誤，因此失去了工作。3)

一段好的婚姻由夫妻間的互相信任成就。Thetalkhasresultedinbetterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.Hemadeonebigmistake,andasaresulthelosthisjob.或：Helosthisjobasaresultofonebigmistake.Agoodmarriageresultsfrommutualtrustbetweenhusbandsandwives.13.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.restrictvt.tolimitorcontrolthesize,amount,orrangeofsth.限制；限定egInfuturewewillrestrictthenumberofstudentsperclassto20.

將來我們將把每個班的學(xué)生人數(shù)限定為20人。Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.

我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。Villagerssaythefencewouldrestrictpublicaccesstothehills.

村民們說柵欄將限制公眾進(jìn)入山區(qū)。

Accesstotheclubisrestrictedtomembersonly.

俱樂部僅對會員開放。省略了that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞carbondioxide【語境應(yīng)用】翻譯下列句子。1)

我被限制一天喝三杯茶。2)

他不喜歡他們限制他選擇的自由。restrictionn.aruleorlawthatlimitsorcontrolswhatpeoplecando限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束egThebiggestrestrictiononourresourcesisthenumberofhourswecandevotetosomething.

我們資源上的最大限制是我們可以投入到某件事情上的時間。Foodshouldbeallowedtogothroughimmediatelywithfewerrestrictions.

食品應(yīng)允許快速流通，少受限制。Iamrestrictedtothreecupsofteaaday.Hedislikestheirrestrictionofhisfreedomofchoice.拓展運(yùn)用1.Theearlieststudieshavesuggestedalinkbetweencalorie__________(restrict)andslowingaging.2.Wemakenorestrictions______thekindsoffilmsweshow—aslongasafilm’squalitymeetsourstandards.3.Don’trestrictyourselfto_______(make)friends—itwillhelpincreaseyourknowledge.4.Thereistalkofraisingtheadmissionrequirements__________(restrict)thenumberofstudentsoncampus.5.Indemocraticcountries,anyefforts__________(restrict)thefreedomofthePressarerightlycondemned.restrictiononmakingtorestricttorestrict14.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,…seizevt.

totakeholdofsomethingsuddenlyandviolently

抓住seizeachance/anopportunity:toquicklyandeagerlydosomethingwhenyouhavethechanceto抓住機(jī)會/時機(jī)egWeareanxioustogetabettereducationsothatwecanseizethechancetohaveabrighterfuture.

我們渴望得到更好的教育，這樣我們就能抓住機(jī)會擁有一個更美好的未來。

Presently,Tomseizedhispartner’sarmandsaid,“Sh!”過了一會兒，湯姆抓住同伴的胳膊：“噓！”seizevt.

totakecontrolofaplacesuddenlyandquickly,usingmilitaryforce奪取egThecampaigntoseizethecitywasafailure.