高中非謂語動詞總復(fù)習趣味課件

非謂語(wèiyǔ)動詞莆田第十二中學(zhōngxué)第一頁，共67頁。1不定式第二頁，共67頁。2一不定式的用法(yònɡfǎ)Itisverydangeroustodoit.第三頁，共67頁。3主語(zhǔyǔ)Toseeistobelieve.常用(chánɡyònɡ)于句型：Itis+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth第四頁，共67頁。4eg:Itisbraveofyoutodothat.Itiseasyforyoutodothat.表示人物特征的形容詞同of后的名詞(míngcí)或代詞有意義上的主表關(guān)系，常與of搭配。Brave,careful,careless,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,wise,wrong表示事物(shìwù)性質(zhì)的形容詞與不定式關(guān)系密切，有主表關(guān)系，常與for搭配。Easy,hard,heavy,necessary,impossible,possible,important,difficult第五頁，共67頁。5Istillwanttobeaquietandhandsomeman!第六頁，共67頁。62.賓語(bīnyǔ)

IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.

有些動詞(dòngcí)后只跟不定式作賓語，如：manage,promise,pretend,plan,offer,agree,ask,dare,choose,fail,help,want,refuse等第七頁，共67頁。7HowshouldImakemyteacherbelieve

it?第八頁，共67頁。83.賓語(bīnyǔ)補足語Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.注意(zhùyì)：在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等詞后的補足語中，不定式不帶to.但是變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)，必須帶to.Iheardhimsingasong.Hewasheardtosingasong.第九頁，共67頁。9第十頁，共67頁。104.定語(dìngyǔ)PutinnowhastofindnewwaystodevelopRussianeconomy.注1：作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞(míngcí)或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后需有介詞Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Heisthefirstonetocomehere.第十一頁，共67頁。11但是，不定式所修飾(xiūshì)的名詞如果是time,place或way,不定式后面的介詞習慣上可以省略。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive(in).注2：have表示“有〞，todo主動和被動意思(yìsī)不一樣Haveyouanythingtoclaim〔申報(shēnbào)〕?動作執(zhí)行者youIamgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyourson?動作執(zhí)行者是我第十二頁，共67頁。12第十三頁，共67頁。13-----WhydidyouaskforleavelastFridaynight?----Totellyouthetruth,Iwenthometowatch“Runningman〞.5.狀語(zhuàngyǔ)Icameheretoseeyou.(目的(mùdì))第十四頁，共67頁。14Wewereexcitedtohearthenews.(原因(yuányīn))so…asto,such…asto,enoughto…,onlyto…,too…to這畫面(huàmiàn)太美我不敢看It’ssobeautifulthatI’mtooscaredtoseeit.(結(jié)果〕第十五頁，共67頁。15注1：某些形容詞在too…to結(jié)構(gòu)中表肯定(kěndìng)，它們是anxious,delighted,eager,easy,glad,kind,pleased,ready,surprised,willing等。Shewastoosurprisedtoseehowangryherfatherwas.(看到父親(fùqīn)那么生氣，她很吃驚)注2：在not,never,only,all,but等后的too…to結(jié)構(gòu)(jiégòu)中too意為very，沒有否認含義。It’snevertoolatetolearn.I’monlytoogladtostayathome.第十六頁，共67頁。16Eatingiseasy,losingweightisnot.Itistobecherished.第十七頁，共67頁。17Myjobistohelpthepatient.totellthetruth,tobefrank,tobeexact,tobeginwith,tomakemattersworse8.不定式與疑問詞連用在句中起名詞作用，可充當主語(zhǔyǔ)，表語，賓語等。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.Myquestioniswhentostart.Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.第十八頁，共67頁。18注意：在與why連用時，只用于why或whynot開頭(kāitóu)的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的不定不帶to.Whynothaveachange?第十九頁，共67頁。19Nozuo,nodie.Whyyoutry?不作(bùzuò)死，就不會死！第二十頁，共67頁。20二.不定式的時態(tài)(shítài)不定式一般形式所表示的動作通常與謂語(wèiyǔ)動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。Iplantoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.Isawhimgoout.2.如果謂語表示(biǎoshì)的動作發(fā)生時，不定式表示(biǎoshì)的動作正在進行，不定式用進行時。Heisbelievedtobecoming.I’mgladtobeworkingwithyou.第二十一頁，共67頁。213.不定式動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前(zhīqián)，用完成時。Heisbelievedtohavecome.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.在intended,expected,hoped,promised,wanted,wished,thought等后用不定式完成式表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望，期待(qīdài)或方案。Ihopedtohavefinishedtheworkearlier.第二十二頁，共67頁。221.Youweresillynot____yourcar.tolock B.tohavelockedC.locking D.havinglocked2.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen

,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.A．tobeheard B．tobehearingC．tohear D．tohaveheard3.----IsBobstillperforming? ----I'mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.tohaveleft B.toleaveC.tohavebeenleft D.tobeleft第二十三頁，共67頁。23三.不帶to的不定式在feel,hear,listento,make,let,have,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe等動詞(dòngcí)后，不定式作賓補時不用to2.在cannotbut,cannotchoosebut,cannothelpbut之后(zhīhòu)

Icannotbutadmiretheircourage.第二十四頁，共67頁。243.不定式動詞在介詞(jiècí)but,except,后面時，介詞(jiècí)前有行為動詞doIdon’thaveanyotherchoicebutto

acceptthefact.Shecoulddonothingbutcry.4.不定式作表語(biǎoyǔ)，說明前面do的內(nèi)容時Whathewantstodomostnowis(to)beathim.第二十五頁，共67頁。251.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_________.

A.haveitdo

B.haveitdone

C.havedoneit

D.havingitdone

2.We’vemissedthelastbus.I’mafraidwehavenochoicebut_____ataxi.

A.totake

B.taking

C.take

D.taken第二十六頁，共67頁。26V-ing第二十七頁，共67頁。271.主語(zhǔyǔ)Readingisveryimportantinlearningaforeignlanguage.2.表語(biǎoyǔ)Herfavouritesportisdiving.4.賓語(bīnyǔ)Ienjoyswimming.3.定語drinkingwater第二十八頁，共67頁。28以下句型(jùxínɡ)中常用動名詞作主語:Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/gooduseless+doingsth.Itisnousesayingmore……….說多了都是淚……….第二十九頁，共67頁。29admit,avoid,allow,advise,appreciate,consider,enjoy,dislike,deny,practise,permit,finish,delay,escape,involve,risk,mind,

imagine,miss,suggest某些動詞(dòngcí)后只能用動名詞作賓語第三十頁，共67頁。30介詞(jiècí)賓語I’mtiredofworking.Tellmesomethingabout

fishing.Thetoolisusedforopeningcans.Ilikesunbathingafter

swimming.第三十一頁，共67頁。31短語(duǎnyǔ)的賓語feellike/can’thelp/can’tstand/putoff/giveup/It’snouse/It’snogood/etc. 第三十二頁，共67頁。32帶to短語(duǎnyǔ)的賓語turnto/beusedto/dueto/refertobesentencedto/seeto/stickto/objectto/leadto/lookforwardto/getdownto/devoteoneselftobeaccustomedto/beaddictedtocondemn…..to……..Itcondemnshimtolivingalone.第三十三頁，共67頁。33有些動詞如love,like,hate,prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分詞作賓語，意義上無多大區(qū)別(qūbié)(但ing分詞一般表示經(jīng)常性的行為；不定式表示具體的行為)。Ilike__________verymuch,butIdon'tlike_________thisafternoon.A.swimming,swimming

B.toswim,toswimC.swimming,toswim

D.toswim,swimmingC第三十四頁，共67頁。34LittleJimshouldlove__________tothetheatrethiseveningA.tobetaken

B.totake

C.beingtaken

D.taking如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,后面那么應(yīng)該(yīnggāi)接動詞不定式。AA第三十五頁，共67頁。35思考：以下情況中動詞(dòngcí)后接不定式還是接ing分詞作賓語呢？OnlythendidIbegin__________________(see)shewasreallygoodtome.Themomenthereturnedhome,Iwasstarting/beginning____________________(cook)supper.Thewaterbegan________________(freeze).toseetocooktofreeze第三十六頁，共67頁。364.有些動詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動名詞作賓語，但意義上有明顯差異。討論(tǎolùn)：有哪些單詞或短語？goon(stop/forget/remember/regret)todo/doingcan’thelptodo/doingbeusedtodo/doing(getusedtodoing)(usedtodo)meandoing/todo第三十七頁，共67頁。37Iregrettellinghimthebadnews.〔已做〕

Don‘tforgettopostmyletter.〔未做〕

Irememberreturningyourbook.〔已做〕Whentheteachercamein,theystoppedtalking.Ifelttired,soIstoppedtohavearest.第三十八頁，共67頁。38一般(yībān)式完成(wánchéng)式主動(zhǔdòng)被動teachinghavingtaughtbeingtaughthavingbeentaught第三十九頁，共67頁。391.Hewaspraisedforhavinggotfullmarks.2.Heregrettedhavingmarried

her.3.Hedislikedbeingpunishedinpublic.4.Heregrettedhavingbeentakentosuchaplace.〔完成(wánchéng)式〕〔完成(wánchéng)式〕〔被動態(tài)(dòngtài)〕〔被動態(tài)的完成式〕第四十頁，共67頁。401.Mary’sbeinglatemadetheteacherangry.2.Isuggesthisgoingthere.3.Isuggesthimgoingthere.動名詞的邏輯(luójí)主語動名詞的否認(fǒurèn)形式Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.第四十一頁，共67頁。411。改錯(ɡǎicuò)Theparentsarelookingforwardtohearfromtheirdaughter.Theparentsarelookingforwardtohearingfromtheirdaughter.2.YoucaneasilyimproveyourEnglishbypractiselisteningandspeaking.bypractisinglisteningandspeaking第四十二頁，共67頁。423.Newwayshavebeenfoundtostoptheriverfrompolluting.stoptheriverfrombeingpolluted4.HeenjoyslisteningtothenewsinthemorningandtowatchTVintheevening.HeenjoyslisteningtothenewsinthemorningandwatchingTVintheevening.第四十三頁，共67頁。435.Ididn’tmindtreatinglikethat.

Ididn’tmindbeingtreatedlikethat.6.Tomwasscoldedforhavingnotfinishedhishomework.Tomwasscoldedfornothavingfinishedhishomework.第四十四頁，共67頁。44分詞(fēncí)第四十五頁，共67頁。451.分詞的句法(jùfǎ)作用Thepictureisinteresting.Haveyoureadthebookwrittenbythefamousactor.Beingill,hehasn’tcome.Theyarewatchingtheboysplayingfootball.第四十六頁，共67頁。462.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞：“令人(lìnɡrén)……〞；過去分詞：“感到……〞Theresultwas_______.Afterhearingthenews,wefeltvery_______.(disappoint)His________looksuggestedthatthemovieisvery__________.(interest)~ing~ing~ed~ed第四十七頁，共67頁。473.作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞：表示(biǎoshì)主動、進行中的動作過去分詞：表示(biǎoshì)被動、完成的動作fallingleaves/fallenleavesboilingwater/boiledwaterdeveloping/developedcountryspeaking/spokenEnglish第四十八頁，共67頁。48分詞作定語時，常置于所修飾(xiūshì)的詞之后，相當于一個定語從句1.Australiaistheonlycountrycoveringanentirecontinent.2.ThemanwritingthisEnglishletterismyteacher.3.TheletterwritteninEnglishisfrommyteacher.4.Suddenlythereappearedayoungwomandressedinwhite.第四十九頁，共67頁。49分詞作狀語的主要(zhǔyào)用法(1)表示時間代替when,while,afterbefore,等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語(zhuàngyǔ)從句:Arrivingatthestation(=WhenIarrived…),Ifoundthetraingone.Hearingthenews(=Whenheheard…),hecouldn’thelpjumpingup.Walkingalongthestreet(=WhileIwaswalking…),ImetoldMike.第五十頁，共67頁。50(當強調(diào)時間時，可在分詞(fēncí)前加when，while等連詞，如：)Becarefulwhen(youare)transportingthevases.When(hewas)askedtostoptalking,hebecameangry.第五十一頁，共67頁。51〔2〕表示(biǎoshì)原因——代替as，since等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，

Beingtired(=Ashewastired),hewenttobedearly.Sothequestionis……Therebeingsomanyschoolstochoosefrom,whichisthestrongestinExcavatorTechnology?Astherearesomanyschoolstochoosefrom,第五十二頁，共67頁。52(3)表示條件——代替if,unless等引導(dǎo)(yǐndǎo)的條件狀語從句Turningtotheright(=ifyouturnto…),you’llfindthetheatre.Wewon’tgothereunless(weare)invited.Thesetreeswillgrowbetterif(theyare)welllookedafter.第五十三頁，共67頁。53(4)表示讓步——代替though,although,evenif引導(dǎo)(yǐndǎo)的讓步狀語從句：Althoughhavingspent(Althoughhehasspent)muchtimeonhisstudy,hedoesn’tseehissuccess.Althoughtired,theycontinuedtowork.第五十四頁，共67頁。54(5)表示方式或伴隨(bànsuí)狀況，

Theywalkedintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.TheMonkeyKingiscoming,ridingamotorbike.第五十五頁，共67頁。55分詞作狀語時的邏輯主語問題分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須同句子的主語一致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個邏輯主語，分詞和它的邏輯主語合稱獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(jiégòu)或用狀語從句。

1)Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.2)Hisbeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.3)Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.

FTT(Trueorfalse)第五十六頁，共67頁。561.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,________.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourist