人教版高中英語選修七Unit4- unit5 課文詳解

選修七Unit4

A

LETTER

HOME一封家信Dear

Rosemary,

親愛的羅斯瑪麗：

Thanks

for

your

letter,

which

took

a

fortnight

to

arrive.

謝謝你的來信，這封信兩星期才到。

It

was

wonderful

to

hear

from

you.

收到你的信真是太高興了。I

know

you're

dying

to

hear

allabout

my

life

here,

so

I've

included

some

photos

which

will

help

you

picture

the

places

I

talk

about.

我知道你急于了解我在這兒的生活情況。因此，我在信中附有幾張照片，能夠幫助你想象出我所談到的地方。

You

asked

about

my

high

school.

你問起我的中學(xué)情況。Well,

it's

a

bush

school

–

the

classrooms

are

made

of

bamboo

and

the

roofs

of

grass.

噢，它是一所叢林學(xué)?！淌沂怯弥褡哟钇饋淼?，屋頂是用茅草蓋的。

It

takes

me

only

a

few

minutes

to

walk

to

school

down

a

muddy

track.

我只要沿著一條泥濘的小路步行幾分鐘就到學(xué)校了。When

I

reach

the

school

grounds

there

are

lots

of

"good

mornings"

for

me

from

the

boys.

每當(dāng)我走到學(xué)校操場的時候，迎接我的是男孩子們一片―早上好‖的聲音。Many

of

them

have

walked

a

long

way,

sometimes

up

to

two

hours,

to

get

to

school.他們中許多人走了很長的路，有時候要走兩個小時才能到學(xué)校。

There's

no

electricity

or

water

and

even

no

textbooks

either!

這里沒有電，也沒有水，甚至連課本也沒有！

I'm

still

trying

to

adapt

to

these

conditions.

我還在努力適應(yīng)這兒的生活條件。

However,

one

thing

is

for

sure,

I've

become

more

imaginative

in

my

teaching.

但是有一點是肯定的，我在教學(xué)中變得更富有想象力了。

Science

is

my

most

challenging

subject

as

my

students

have

no

concept

of

doing

experiments.

理科對我來說是最富挑戰(zhàn)性的課，因為我的學(xué)生對做實驗沒有概念。In

fact

there

is

no

equipment,

and

if

I

need

water

I

have

to

carry

it

from

my

house

in

a

bucket!實際上，根本沒有設(shè)備。如果需要水，我還得從家里用水桶提過來！The

other

day

I

was

showing

the

boys

the

weekly

chemistry

experiment

when,

before

I

knew

it,

the

mixture

was

bubbling

over

everywhere!有一天，我正給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)實驗的演示，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合劑就到處冒氣泡了！The

boys

who

had

never

come

across

（被理解，偶遇）anything

like

this

before

started

jumping

out

of

the

Windows.Comeabout發(fā)生comeout出版comealong趕快一道去cometoanendComeintoeffect生效comeintoexistence出現(xiàn)誕生cometoaconclusion男孩們以前從來沒有見過這種情況，嚇得都往窗外跳去。Sometimes

I

wonder

how

relevant

chemistry

is

to

these

students,

most

of

whom

will

be

going

back

to

their

villages

after

Year

8

anyway.

It’sawonderthat令人驚奇的是It’snowonderthat:nowonderthatWonderswillnevercease.無奇不有Wonderfulwondering疑惑的覺得奇怪的Berelevantto與有關(guān)有時候，我真想知道，化學(xué)對這些孩子究竟有多大的用處。他們中的大多數(shù)人學(xué)完八年級以后就要回到他們的村莊去了。To

be

honest,

I

doubt

whether

I'm

making

any

difference

（起任何作用）to

these

boys'

lives

at

all.說實在的，我真的不知道我教的課是否會讓這些孩子的生活有所改變。

Makeno/little/much/notmuchdifference無影響TellthedifferencebetweenYou

asked

whether

I'm

getting

to

know

any

local

people.

你問我是否了解當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩?。Well,

that's

actually

quite

difficult

as

I

don't

speak

much

of

the

local

English

dialect

yet.

這實在是太難了，因為我還說不了幾句當(dāng)?shù)厝苏f的英語。But

last

weekend

another

teacher,

Jenny,

andI

did

（do替代idon’tlikecoffee,neitherdoesmywife;懇求Docometothepartytonight.）visit

a

village

which

is

the

home

of

one

of

the

boys,

Tombe.

不過，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教師真的去訪問了一個村莊，那是我的學(xué)生湯貝的家。

It

was

my

first

visit

to

a

remote（偏遠(yuǎn)的，beremotefrom;遙遠(yuǎn)的，相差很大的,beremotefrom與極不相同remotelyremoteness）

village.

這是我第一次到偏僻的村子里去。We

walked

for

two

and

a

half

hours

to

get

there

-

first

up

a

mountain

to

a

ridge

from

where

we

had

fantastic

views

and

then

down

a

steep

path

to

the

valley

below.

我們步行了兩個半小時才到達(dá)那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后下一個陡坡，一直走到下面的山谷。When

we

arrived

at

the

village,

Tombe's

mother,

Kiak,

who

had

been

pulling

weeds

（weedout將...除去，weedy瘦弱的）in

her

garden,

started

crying

"ieee

ieee".當(dāng)我們到村莊的時候，湯貝的母親齊亞克本來在園子里拔草，看到我們就―噯矣，噯矣‖地叫了起來。We

shook

hands

with

all

the

villagers.

我們同所有的村民都握了手。Everyone

seemed

to

be

a

relative

of

Tombe's.每個人看上去都是湯貝家的親戚。

Tombe's

father,

Mukap,

led

us

to

his

house,

a

low

bamboo

hut

with

grass

sticking

out

（復(fù)合結(jié)周年紀(jì)念等。

Glance短暫看look動作see結(jié)果glare惡狠狠注視stare注意力集中地注視Gifts禮物

Cost(AUD)價值（澳元）

A

20tree

seedlings

20株樹苗

$5

B

A

loan

to

set

up

women’s

self-help

group組建婦女自助會的貸款

$8

C

Water

supply

for

one

person一個人的用水

$10

DTraining

in

vegetable

gardening蔬菜園藝培訓(xùn)

$15

E

Child

vaccinations

against

6

killer

diseases預(yù)防六種兒童致命疾病的疫苗$20

F

School

books

學(xué)校用書$20

G

Basic

adult

education

成人基礎(chǔ)教育

$25

H

Basic

health-care

services

基本保健服務(wù)

$30

I

One

year

of

primary

schooling

小學(xué)一年的學(xué)費

$35

J

A

goat

for

a

poor

family

資助困難戶一頭羊

$40

K

A

family

toilet

家用廁具

$50

L

Water

for

a

family

一個家庭的用水

$65

M

A

loan

to

set

up

a

small

business

建一家小型企業(yè)的貸款

$85

N

A

sewing

machine

一臺縫紉機

$100

O

Family

nutritional

supplements

家用營養(yǎng)補品

$130

P

Oxen

for

ploughing

耕牛

$180

Q

A

trunk

library

箱式圖書館

$200

R

Assistance

for

families

headed

by

children

對遺孤家庭的扶助金

$300

S

A

community

primary

school

社區(qū)小學(xué)經(jīng)費

$500

T

Village

tractor

村莊拖拉機

$1000U

A

well

and

water

pump

水井和水泵

$1350

To致_______

To

let

you

know

that

I

am

thinking

of

you,

I

have

purchased

a

gift

from

the

World’s

Most

Useful

Gift

Catalogue

for

you

to

give

to

some

of

the

world’s

poorest.

為了讓你知道我在想著你們，特從―世界上最有用的禮物清單‖中購得一份禮物，請你轉(zhuǎn)送給世界上最窮苦的人。

This

gift

will

train

a

whole

village

of

around

40

families

in

India,

Kenya,

or

Bangladesh

in

new

agricultural

methods,

and

provide

seeds

and

simple

agricultural

equipment.這份禮物給印度、肯尼亞或孟加拉國約40戶人口的村莊，對他們進行新的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方法的培訓(xùn)，并提供種子和簡單的農(nóng)業(yè)機械。Just

20%

more

produce

will

mean

the

difference

between

sickness

and

health,

between

families

going

hungry

and

families

providing

for

themselves.僅僅提高20%的產(chǎn)量就意味著會對人的患病與健康、家庭饑餓與自足產(chǎn)生影響。

From

來自______

選修七Unit

5

Keep

it

up,

Xie

Lei再接再厲，謝蕾

Keepupwithsb跟上某人某物keepout擋住keepwatch值班守望-back扣住隱瞞不講keeptooneself守口如瓶Chinese

student

fitting

in

well中國學(xué)生適應(yīng)能力強

Fitsb./sthfor使某人物適合befittodofiton試穿大小、形狀合適Suit合乎需要、口味、性格、地位等Match匹配

Six

months

ago

Xie

Lei

said

goodbye

to

her

family

and

friends

in

China

and

boarded

a

plane

for

London.Saygoodjourneytosb.祝旅途愉快Sendone’swishto替某人向問好:Giveone’sregards/respectstosbremembermetosb六個月前，謝蕾告別了她在中國的家人和朋友，登上了前往倫敦的飛機。It

was

the

first

time

she

had

ever

left

her

motherland.這是她第一次離開自己的祖國。Itishigh/abouttimeforsb.Todo到該做某事的時間了Itisthefirst/second...Timethatsbhasdone..."After

getting

my

visa

I

was

very

excited

because

I

had

dreamed

of

this

day

for

so

long.

―拿到簽證后我很激動，因為我很久以前就夢想著能有這么一天，But

I

was

also

very

nervous

as

I

didn't

know

what

to

expect,"

但是我又非常緊張，因為我不知道我所期望的是什么。Xie

Lei

told

me

when

I

saw

her

waiting

in

a

queue

at

the

student

cafeteria

between

lectures.課間休息時我在學(xué)生餐廳碰到正排隊的謝蕾，她告訴我說.

-upforsth.Jumpthe/a-插隊-jumper插隊者-on排隊plzQup請排隊Q與-同音Xie

Lei,

who

is

21

years

old,

has

come

to

our

university

to

study

for

a

business

qualification.謝蕾今年21歲，來我們大學(xué)上學(xué)，希望獲得工商管理資格證書。She

is

halfway

through

the

preparation

year,

which

most

foreign

students

complete

before

applying

for

a

degree

course.大多數(shù)外籍學(xué)生在申請學(xué)位課程之前都要學(xué)習(xí)一年預(yù)科，而謝蕾已經(jīng)讀完半年了。Xie

Lei

highly

recommends

it.她非?？粗仡A(yù)科課程。"The

preparation

course

is

most

beneficial,"

she

said.

"Studying

here

is

quite

different

from

studying

in

China,

so

you

need

some

preparation

first."她說：―預(yù)科課程非常有益。在這兒學(xué)習(xí)跟在中國學(xué)習(xí)是相當(dāng)不同的。你必須事前做些準(zhǔn)備。"It's

not

just

study

that's

difficult.

―困難不僅僅只在學(xué)習(xí)方面，You

have

to

get

used

to

a

whole

new

way

of

life,

which

can

take

up（占去時間精力，繼續(xù)，開始做某事接受）

all

your

concentration

in

the

beginning,"Takeapart拆開-back收回-down-...forgranted-out拔出-in吸收理解領(lǐng)會包含欺騙-off成名-over接管-on呈現(xiàn)雇傭-away帶走-partin-...Intoaccount/consideration你還必須習(xí)慣一種全新的生活方式，在一開始的時候這就會占去你的全部精力，‖

explained

Xie

Lei,

who

had

lived

all

her

life

in

the

same

city

in

China.謝蕾解釋說。她在中國時一直居住在同一座城市。She

told

me

that

she

had

had

to

learn

almost

everything

again.她還告訴我，幾乎每件事她都得重新學(xué)習(xí)。"Sometimes

I

felt

like

a

child,"

she

said.她說：―有時候我覺得自己像個小孩似的，"I

had

to

learn

how

to

use

the

phone,

how

to

pay

bus

fare,

and

how

to

ask

a

shopkeeper

for

things

I

didn't

know

the

English

for.我得學(xué)習(xí)如何使用電話，乘公交車時該怎樣付款，在商店買東西時如果不知道商品的英文名字時，又怎樣問店主。When

I

got

lost

and

had

to

ask

a

passer-by

for

directions,

I

didn't

always

understand.當(dāng)我迷路不得不向過路人問路時，經(jīng)常聽不懂他們說的話。They

don't

talk

like

they

do

on

our

listening

tapes,"

she

said,

laughing.他們說的話不像我們在聽力磁帶上聽到的那樣，‖謝蕾說著笑了。

Xie

Lei

lives

with

a

host

family

who

give

her

lots

of

good

advice.

謝蕾同房東一家人住在一起，他們給了她許多建議。

Although

some

foreign

students

live

in

student

accommodation

or

apartments,

some

choose

to

board

with

English

families.

雖然有些外國學(xué)生住在學(xué)生宿舍或公寓房里，但是有些學(xué)生選擇寄宿在英國人的家中。Living

with

host

families,

in

which

there

may

be

other

college

students,

gives

her

the

chance

to

learn

more

about

the

new

culture.

有的房東家也許會住著其他大學(xué)生，跟這樣的人家住在一起會給她提供機會，更好地了解新的文化。

"When

I

hear

an

idiom

that

I

don't

understand,

I

can

ask

my

host

family

for

help,"

explains

Xie

Lei.

―當(dāng)我聽到我不理解的成語時，我可以向房東家里的人請教，‖謝蕾解釋說。

"Also,

when

I

miss

my

family,

it's

a

great

comfort

to

have

a

substitute

family

to

be

with."

―還有，當(dāng)我想家的時候，房東家就是我家的替身，和他們在一起給了我很大的安慰?！?/p>

Xie

Lei's

preparation

course

is

helping

her

to

get

used

to

the

academic

requirements

of

a

Western

university.

謝蕾的預(yù)科課程幫助她熟悉了西方大學(xué)里在學(xué)術(shù)方面的要求。"I

remember

the

first

essay

I

did

for

my

tutor,"

she

told

me.

她對我說：―我還記得我交給導(dǎo)師的第一篇論文。"I

found

an

article

on

the

Internet

that

seemed

to

have

exactly

the

information

I

needed.

我在網(wǎng)上找到一篇文章，看來跟我所需要的信息恰好一樣。

So

I

made

a

summary

of

the

article,

revised

my

draft

and

handed

the

essay

in.

于是我就那篇論文寫了一篇小結(jié)性的文章，修改了草稿，然后交給了導(dǎo)師。

I

thought

I

would

get

a

really

good

mark

but

I

got

an

E.

我原以為我會得到高分的，結(jié)果只得了一個E。

I

was

numb

with

shock!

我非常吃驚！So

I

went

to

my

tutorto

ask

the

reason

for

his

revision.

于是去找導(dǎo)師理論，想換個分?jǐn)?shù)。

First

of

all,

he

told

me,

I

couldn't

write

what

other

people

had

said

without

acknowledging

them.他告訴我說，首先，我不能把別人的話寫下來而不表示感謝。Besides,

as

far

as

he

was

concerned,

what

other

people

thought

was

not

the

most

important

thing.

此外，他認(rèn)為，別人的想法并不是最重要的。He

wanted

to

know

what

I

thought,

which

confused

me

because

I

thought

that

the

author

of

the

article

knew

far

more

than

I

did.

他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。這倒把我弄糊涂了，因為該文作者所知道的比我多得多。

My

tutor

explained

that

I

should

read

lots

of

different

texts

that

contain

different

opinions

and

analyse

what

I

read.

導(dǎo)師給我解釋說，我得閱讀大量的、有關(guān)不同觀點的文章，并進行分析。

Then,

in

my

essay,

I

should

give

my

own

opinion

and

explain

it

by

referring

to

other

authors.

然后，在我的論文中，我得表明我自己的觀點，并且引用別的作者的觀點來說明為什么我相信我的觀點。

Finally

he

even

encouraged

me

to

contradict

the

authors

I'd

read!

最后，他甚至鼓勵我反駁我讀過的那些作者的觀點！

At

first

I

lacked

（forlackof因缺乏...，havenolackof不缺...，belackingin缺乏Alackof缺乏，lackfornothing一無所缺shortagelackinga.）confidence,

but

now

I'm

beginning

to

get

the

idea

and

my

marks

have

improved.

More

importantly,

I

am

now

a

more

autonomous

learner."起初，我缺乏信心這樣做，而現(xiàn)在我開始懂得了，我的分?jǐn)?shù)也已經(jīng)有所提高了。更重要的是，我現(xiàn)在是一個自主學(xué)習(xí)者?！?/p>

Xie

Lei

told

me

that

she

feels

much

more

at

home（feelathome無拘束makeoneselfathome別拘束feelfreetodo）

in

England

now,

and

what

had

seemed

very

strange

before

now

appears

quite

normal.謝蕾告訴我說，現(xiàn)在她在英國感到自在多了。以前看似很奇怪的事，如今覺得似乎很正常了。"I've

just

got

one

more

thing

to

achieve.

―我還有一件事要做，I

have

been

so

occupied

with

work

that

I

haven't

had

time

for

social

activities.我一直忙于學(xué)習(xí)，以至于沒有時間去參與社會活動。I

think

it's

important

to

have

a

balance

between

study

and

a

social

life,

so

I'm

going

to

join

a

few

clubs.我認(rèn)為在學(xué)習(xí)與社會生活之間的平衡也是很重要的，所以我打算參加幾個俱樂部，Hopefully（=inahopefulway/itistobehoped）

I'll

make

some

new

friends."我希望會結(jié)識一些新朋友。‖

We

will

follow

Xie

Lei's

progress

in

later

editions

of

this

newspaper

but

for

now,

we

wish

Xie

Lei

all

the

best

in

her

new

enterprise.關(guān)于謝蕾的進步，我們將在今后幾期的報紙中做跟蹤報道。同時我們衷心祝愿她學(xué)業(yè)有成。She

deserves(tobeworthyof)

to

succeed.她是應(yīng)該取得成功的。

-todo-well/illofsb.某人應(yīng)受好的壞的待遇Onegoodturn-another以德報德returngoodforevil10.選修七Unit

5

PERU秘魯

Peru

is

a

country

on

the

Pacific

coast

of

South

America.

秘魯是南美洲臨太平洋海岸的一個國家。

It

has

three

main

geographical

areas:

從地理上講，秘魯有三大地區(qū)：a

narrow

coastal

belt;the

Andes

Mountains

running

parallel

to

the

coast;

and

high,

flat

plains

in

the

southeast.

狹長的臨海地帶，與海岸平行的安第斯山脈以及東南部地勢較高的平原地區(qū)。In

the

high

plains

area

is

Lake

Titicaca,

the

highest

lake

in

the

world,

on

which

boats

can

travel.

在高原地區(qū)有的的喀喀湖，這是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。

Peru

has

abundant

plants

from

desert

grasses

to

vast

areas

of

jungle.

秘魯有著多種多樣的植物，從沙漠中的草到大片的叢林。

Once

the

centre

of

the

powerful

and

extremely

wealthy

Inca

Empire,

much

of

South

America

was

governed

by

Spain

from

the

sixteenth

century

onwards.

秘魯曾經(jīng)是強盛而極為富裕的印加帝國的中心，從16世紀(jì)起，南美洲許多地區(qū)都是由西班牙統(tǒng)治的。

Peru

finally

gained

its

independence

from

Spain

in

1821.

秘魯最終于1821年脫離西班牙而獨立。

The

capital

of

Peru

is

Lima,

which

is

in

the

north

on

the

coast.

秘魯?shù)氖锥际抢R，位于北部的臨海地區(qū)。The

ancient

Inca

capital,

Cuzco,

is

found

high

in

the

Andes.

人們發(fā)現(xiàn)古印加帝國的首都庫斯科位于安第斯的高山之上。

It

is

a

popular

tourist

destination

as

it

is

close

to

the

famous

Inca

ruins

of

the

city

of

Machu

Picchu.

這兒是旅游的熱點，因為它離馬丘比丘城著名的印加遺址很近。Cuzco

is

a

lively

city

with

many

hotels

and

inns,

where

both

Indian

and

Spanish

culture

and

art

can

be

seen.

庫斯科有許多旅店和酒吧，是一座富有活力的城市，在那兒你可以看到印第安和西班牙的文化藝術(shù)。

Ruin經(jīng)過長時間的侵蝕而毀壞Destroy徹底破壞Damage部分破壞價值或功能受損

Why

is

Cuzco

popular

with

tourists?為什么庫斯科是旅游人士喜歡去的地方？

2.

What

is

special

about

Lake

Titicaca?的的喀喀湖有什么特色？

3.

What

do

you

think

the

two

official

languages

of

Peru

are?你認(rèn)為秘魯有哪兩種官方語言？

TRAVEL

PERU秘魯旅游

Peru

offers

a

variety

of

experiences

from

ancient

ruins

and

centuries-old

Spanish

villages

to

thick

forests,

high

mountains

and

desert

coastline.

秘魯提供豐富的旅游資源，從古代的遺址、具有數(shù)百年歷史的西班牙式的村莊，到茂密的森林、聳立的高山和臨海的沙漠TRAVEL

PERU

offers

tours

for

all

ages

and

tastes.

―秘魯之旅‖為各種年齡和品位的人提供旅游服務(wù)。

Variable多變的variousvaryThe

following

tours

are

based

at

Cuzco,

the

site

of

the

ancient

capital

of

the

Inca

civilization.。下列旅游項目都是從庫斯科出發(fā)，庫斯科是印加文化的古都所在地。跟隨聽從仿效理解傾聽-on隨之而來asfollows如下--inone’sfootsteps效仿某人-one’sownnose憑直覺行事-er信徒

Tour

1旅游路線1

Experience

the

jungle

and

its

diverse

wildlife

close

up（靠攏關(guān)閉）.

體驗叢林，近距離觀賞種類繁多的野生生物。During

this

four-day

walking

tour,

you

will

be

amazed

by

mountain

scenery

and

the

ancient

ruins

we

pass

on

our

hike.

在四天的徒步旅游中，山區(qū)的風(fēng)景和步行途經(jīng)的古代遺址將會令你嘆為觀止。On

the

last

day,

we

arrive

at

the

ruins

of

Machu

Picchu

in

time

to

see

the

sunrise

over

the

Andes.

最后一天到達(dá)馬丘比丘遺址，正好趕得上去安第斯山上觀看日出。

Spend

the

day

visiting

the

ruins

of

this

ancient

Inca

city

before

catching

the

train

back

to

Cuzco.白天參觀古印加城的遺址，然后乘火車返回庫斯科。

T