【初三英語】新目標中考英語總復習

《人教新目標7-9年級動詞搭配專項練習大全》

練習1.

addto增加，增進

add...to把...加進...

addup相加

addupto總計，所有這一切說明

1)Idon'tthinkthesefactswillanything.

2)Fiftynewbookshavebeenthelibrary.

3)Themusicourenjoymentofthefilm.

4)Youmusthavemadeamistakewhenyouthebill.

答案：(addupto,addedto,addto,added...up)

練習2.

breakawayfrom打破，脫離,掙脫,改掉

breakdown出毛病，身體(精神)衰弱，分解，拆開

breakoff暫停,中斷

breakin強行進入，插話

breakinto闖入

breakintopieces成為碎片

breakout爆發(fā)

breakup搗碎，驅(qū)散，瓦解，學期結(jié)束，拆散

breakthrough突破

1)Thecriminalmanagedtobreakthepoliceandranintothewoods.

2)Whenheheardthenews,hebrokeandcried.

3)Don'tbreakwhileothersarespeaking.

4)Whydon'tyoubreakforafewminutesandhavesomecoffee?

5)Whendoesschoolbreak?

6)Afterharvestwebreakthesoilwithatoolpulledbytwooxen.

(awayfrom,down,in,off,up,up)

練習3.

bringup撫養(yǎng)，嘔吐，提出

bringabout造成

bringout拿出,出版

bringin引入，引進，掙錢

bringback使回想起

bringdown使卜.降，使倒下

1)Theshopkeeperbroughthispricetoonlyfivedollars.

2)TheschoolhasbroughtnewforeignteacherstoteachoralEnglish.

3)Thesongbroughthappymemoriesofourschooldays.

4)Doyouknowwhatbroughtthismisunderstanding?

5)Thekindoldmanagreedtobringtheyoungorphan.

6)Wedecidedtobringthematter_atthenextmeeting.

7)Thewindbroughtalotoftreeslastnight.

8)Nextmonththeywillbringaneweditionofthebook.

(down,in,back,about,up,up,down,out)

練習4.

callon號召，拜訪(某人)

callat拜訪、參觀(某地)

callfor去叫某人，要求，需要

callup使回憶起，征召入伍

callin召集，請某人來

callout大喊,高叫

calloff取消，不舉行

1)Doctorsareoftencalledinthemiddleofthewar.

2)Pleasewaitformeathome.Tilcallyouatyourhouseatseventonight.

3)ThetrainscallsseveralbigcitiesbetweenBeijingandGuangzhou.

4)Hecalledhername,butshedidn'tanswer.

5)Thesportsmeetwascalledonaccountoftherain.

(in,for,at,out,off)

練習5.

comeabout發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)

comedown卜.跌，落，降，傳下來

comein進來

comeinto(sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)

comeon來臨/快點

comeout出版，結(jié)果是

comealong一道來，趕快

cometo達到(anend/anagreement/astop)蘇醒，合計，總共是

comeover走過來

comeup發(fā)芽，走近

comeacross偶然碰到

comeback回想起

comefrom來自，源自

1)IcomethebookIlentyoulastmonth.

2)Howdiditcomethatyoubothgotlost?Ithoughtyouhadamap.

3)ItsuddenlycametomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.

4)Comenow,orelseweshallbelate.

5)Hecamemelikeatiger.

6)Thepriceofpetrolhascomesincethebeginningofthisyear.

7)Thewordcameusemanyyearsago.

8)Whentheexaminationresultcame,hehadalreadygotajob.

9)Thebillcameoverathousanddollars.

10)Isowedtheseedsoveramonthago,buttheyhaven'tcomeyet.

(for,about,back,on,at,down,into,out,to,up)

練習6.

cutacross抄近路

cutdown砍倒，削減

cutoff切斷，割掉，斷絕關(guān)系

cutup連根拔除，切碎

through剪斷，鑿穿

cutout刪(省)掉,戒掉

cutin插嘴

1)Don'tcut_thistree.Itwillbeveryshadyinsummer.

2)Youmustcutthenumberofcigarettesyousmoke,oritwillcauseillness.

3)Wedecidedtocutthemoor(曠野)tothevillage.

4)Cuttingthetreemeanscuttingthetreeintopieces.

5)Theelectricitywascutwhentheladyrefusedtopaythebill.

6)WewerehavingapleasantconversationwhenTomcut.

(down,down,across,up,off,in)

練習7.8.

dieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage)^ET(疾病,饑餓,寒冷，情感原因)

diefrom死于(意外事故、情形)

dieaway漸漸消逝

dieout絕種

diedown(爐火)漸熄

dieoff逐一死去

fallbehind落后

falloverone'sfeet跌跤

falldown掉下，跌倒

fallback撤退，后退

1)Babiesoftenfallwhentheyarelearningtowalk.

2)Ourteamseemstohavefallentheothers.

3)Assoonastheenemiesfell,thepeoplereturnedtotheirvillage.

4)Shefellthebenchandhadherlegbroken.

(down,behind,back,over)

練習9.

goinfor從事,喜愛，參加

gothrough通過，經(jīng)受

goover復習，檢查

goup(價格)上漲，建造起來

goafter追捕，追趕

goagainst違反

goahead先行，開始吧，問吧，說吧

goaway離開

goby時間過去

godown下沉，降低，(日、月)西沉

goon(with)繼續(xù)進行

gowith相配，陪同

gowithout沒有,缺少

goout外出，熄滅

goallout全力以赴

gooff爆炸，進行，變壞，斷電，停止供應

gobackon背約，食言

gobeyond超ill

1)Manynewfactorieshavegone_inthepastfewyears.

2)Rentshavegonegreatlyrecently.

3)Manyyearshavegonesincewefirstmet.

4)Let*scontinueourjourneyuntilthesungoes.

5)Hisactionswentthewillofthepeople,

6)Ican'tdoit,foritgoesmyduty.

7)Over100studentswentthisentranceexamination.

8)Thebombwentandkilledtenpeople.

9)Thebuyerwentthecarcarefullybeforereachingadecision.

10)Thistiedoesn'tgomyblueshirt.

11)Ifyouthinkyoucansolvetheproblem,go.

12)Manystudentswentplayingbasketball.

(up,up,by,down,against,beyond,through,off,over,with,ahead,infor)

練習10.

getdown下來，記下，使沮喪

getdownto致力于，專心于

geton進展，進步，穿上，上車

getoff脫F,F車

getin收集，插(話)

getaway逃跑，逃脫，去休假

getover忘記，越過，克服，從疾病中恢復

getalongwith進展，相處

get叩起床

getthrough打通電話，完成，通過

getround消息傳開

getclosetosth.接近,幾乎

getinto(trouble)

getto(know)

getback取回，收回

getout

1)ShespokesofastthatIcouldn'tgetwhathesaid.

2)Wewillfindwaystogetdifficulties.

3)Thestoryhasgot,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.

4)WhenIgetwiththereport,I'llgotothecinema.

5)Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengottobusiness.

6)Don'talwaysgetawordwhenothersarespeaking.

7)Ittookmealongtimetogetsuchanunpleasantexperience.

(down,over,round,through,down,in,over)

練習H.

giveaway贈送，泄露，出賣

giveout發(fā)出，疲勞，分發(fā)，公布

giveoff發(fā)出(光、熱、氣體)

givein(tosb.)屈服

giveup放棄，讓(座位)

1)Hisaccentatlastgavehim.

2)Theliquidgaveastrongsmell.

3)Theheadmastergavethenamesoftheprize-winners.

4)Thesoldiersgavethetowntotheenemies.

5)Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks?

6)Don'tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends.

7)Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave.

(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)

練習12.13.14.

handin交上，提交

handout分發(fā)

handdown流傳，遺傳

hangabout閑逛

hangup掛電話

holdback阻止，隱瞞

holdup舉起，使停頓

holdon別掛電話，等，堅持

holdout持續(xù)，堅持，伸出

holddown控制，鎮(zhèn)壓

1)I'msureheisholdingsomething.

2)Shemanagedtoholdheremotionuntilherguestshadleft.Thenshecried.

3)Tellhimtoholdamoment.I'llcomesoon.

4)Ourfoodsupplywon'tholdformorethanafewdays.

5)Thetrainwasheldasaresultofthefloods.

6)Thesemeasureshelpedtoholdthecity'spopulation.

7)Holdyourleftarm,please.

(back,back,on,out,up,down,up)

練習15.

keepup(courage,English,spirits)保持，

keepupwithE艮上

keepoff(grass)不接近，離開

keepawayfrom避開，不接近，離…遠遠的

keepoutof

keepto(rules,promise)堅持，遵守

keepon繼續(xù)，堅持下來

keepback阻止，留下，隱瞞，扣下

keepfrom克制，阻止

1)Theangryladytoldthestrangerstokeepfromher.

2)Icanhardlykeepmytearsafterhearinghiswords.

3)Onlypridekeptherburstingintotears.

4)Icanscarcelykeepaskinghimwhathehasdone.

5)"Don'ttouchme,"screamedthewoman,nKeep!"

6)Keepuntilyousucceed.

7)Keepyourcourage,andyou'llsucceedintheend.

8)Thethickcoatcankeepthecold.

9)Alwaystrytokeeptheruleswhenyouplayagame.

10)Ican'tkeepwitheverythingyou'redoing.

(away,back,from,from,off,on,up,out,to,up)

練習16.

knockat/on敲

knockinto撞到某人身上

knockdown撞倒

knockoutof把…敲出

knockover撞倒

knockoff停止工作，休息

1)Theboxersoonknockedhisopponent.

2)Theofficestuffknocksatsixeveryday.

3)Tryknockingthewindowandseeifthereisanyoneindoors.

4)Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthatheknockedthecarparkedthere.

(down,off,on,into)

練習17.

leavefor離開前往

leaveout刪去，遺漏

leavebehind遺留，忘記拿走

leaveto留給，遺囑贈于

leaveover遺留，剩下，延期

1)'*Whosenamehasbeenleft?”demandedtheteacher.

2)Whenhedied,heleftallhispropertyhisniece.

3)Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthisumbrella.

4)Don'tleavethismatteruntiltomorrow.

5)Leavesomemeatfortomorrow.

6)Thosearequestionsleftbyhistory.

(out,to,behind,over,over,over)

練習18.

lookup查找，向上看

lookthrough翻閱,瀏覽

lookon旁觀

lookon...as看作

lookinto調(diào)查

lookafter/at/for照顧/看/尋找

lookout(for)當心

lookabout/around/round四下查看

lookdownupon瞧不起

lookbackupon回憶，回顧

lookab.upanddown仔細打量某人

lookabintheface/eyes直視某人

1)Ispenttwohourslookingthestudents'papers.

2)Look!Thereisabigholeinfront.

3)Hetookpartinthegame,andtherestofusjustlookedandcheeredforhim.

4)Theoldmanlookeduponthedaysofhisyouth.

5)Shewassosnobbish(勢利I)thatshelookeduponallhisneighbours.

6)Thepolicepromisedtolookthecaseassoonaspossible.

7)Helookedbutsawnobody,andhelistenedbuthearnothing.

(through,out,on,back,down,into,about/around/round)

練習19.

makeup編造，配制，打扮，組成

makeupfor彌補

makeinto/of/from制成

makeout弄懂，發(fā)現(xiàn)，看出,填寫，開列(清單)

makefor走向，駛往,促使

1)Canyoumakethislengthofclothasuit?

2)IaskedthedriverifhewasmakingLondon?

3)Myfathermadeacheckformetobuythecamera.

4)Wemustmakethelossnextweek./Hetriedhardtomakefor

thedamagehehaddone.

5)Hemadeastory,whichIfoundhardtobelieve.

6)Someoneiscoming,butIcan'tmakewhoitis.

(into,for,out,up/up,up,out)

練習20.

passaway去世

passby經(jīng)過

passdown(on)...to傳給

passthrough經(jīng)歷

passover漠視，忽視

1)Theoldclockhasbeenpassedtomefrommygrandfather'sgrandfather.

2)Themanpassedlastweekinpeace.

3)Wearepassingdifficulttimes.

4)Thesecretarypassedthedetailsinthefirstpartofhisreport.

(down,away,through,over)

練習21.

payback還錢，報復

payfor付錢，為…受到懲罰，因…得到報應

payoff還清

1)Howmuchdidyoupaythedictionary?

2)Youshouldpaythemoneyyouborrowedfromme.

3)I'llpayhimforallhiscrimes(罪行)againstme.

4)Someday,you'llpaywhatyouhavedonetoday.

5)Hasshepaythedebtyet?

(for,back,back,for,off)

練習22.

pickup拾起，獲得(information),接人，站起，收聽，自然習得(language

/knowledge),恢復重獲(pickuphealth)

pickout挑選，辨認，看出

1)Ipickedtheinformationwhilewaitinginthequeue.

2)Myfriendhasarrangedtopickmeat6:00.

3)Thepatienthaspickedhealthduringthelasttwoweeks.

4)Shepickedthemostexpensivepairofshoes.

5)Ican'tpickJohninthecrowd.

6)CanIpickVOAwiththisshort-waveradio?

7)Hefelldownsuddenly,butpickedhimselfquickly.

(up,up,up,out,out,up,up)

pickcotton/flower/leaves/words選詞

練習23.

pulup搭起，張貼，舉起，安裝，投宿，安排住下

putupwith忍受

putout伸出，撲滅

putoff推遲

pulinto放進，翻譯

putaway放好，存錢

putdown記下，平息

puton穿戴，上映，增加(putonweight/speed)

putforward提出，提前

putthrough接通電話

putaside放到?邊

putback放回

1)Heputhalfhiswageeveryweek.

2)Thegovernmentsoonputtherevolt(暴亂).

3)Putyourwatch.It'sslow.

4)Heputhishandformetoshake.

5).PleaseputmetoExtension(分機)2.

6)Weputfornightatthevillageinn.

7)Heisveryproud,andheoftenputairs.(擺架子)

8)Wehadatelephoneputinouroffice.

9)Ican'tputwithyourlaziness.

(away,down,forward,out,through,up,on,up,up)

練習24.

pulldown拆掉，推翻pullon匆匆穿上/off脫

pullin進站pullout取出,(火車)離站

pulldown往下拉，拆毀pullover駛至U一邊

pullthrough恢復健康，渡過難關(guān)，脫離險境pullup(使)停住

1)Thetrainslowlypulledanddisappearedinthedistance.

2)Alltheoldhousesherehavenowbeenpulled,andnewonesaretobebuilt.

3)ThecarpulledwhenIblewthehorn.

4)Thedoctorthinksthemanwillpull.

5)Thedriverpulledatthetrafficlights.

(out,down,over,through,up)

練習25.

pushover推倒，刮倒

pushahead(on,forward)繼續(xù)前進，堅持下去

pushthrough排除困難辦好謀事，努力設(shè)法通過，擠過

1)We'vedecidedtopushwithourplantobuildanewroad

2)Manytreeswerepushedinthehurricane.

3)Theyweredeterminedtopushthenewrulesatanycost..

4)Takecarenottopushthebaby.

5)Theypushedthecrowdandatlastreachedus.

(on,over,through,over,through)

練習26.

runacross偶然碰到runafter追逐，追捕

runaway逃跑runfor競選

runinto偶然碰到(困難)遇見(人)，相撞

runoutof用完

1)Ifyoudrivesofast,you'llrunsomeonesomeday.

2)Iranafriendofmineintheexhibition.

3)Ourwaterhasrun.Canyoufillupsomemorebottles?

4)Whydoyoualwaysrunadventure?

5)Hedidn'twanttorunpresidentthatyear.

6)Inthatwayyouwillonlyrundifficulties.

(into,across/into,out,after,for,into)

練習27.

seeoff送行

seethrough看透，識破

seeto照料，照管

28.sendfor派人去請

sendoff送行

sendout發(fā)出(光亮)等

sendup發(fā)射

29.setup建立

setoff出發(fā)，觸發(fā)，引起

setout動身，著手(todo),陳述

setabout開始著手(doing)

settowork(n.)開始做

setback撥回，使推遲

1)Ishallsetmywatchbyfiveminutes.

2)Wesetreadingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.

3)Wesetatdaybreakyesterdayandwe'vebeentravellingeversincethen.

4)Isettoadvisehimnottodrink.

5)Whatwerethereasonshesetinhisreport?

6)Thepresidentsetaspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.

7)Theunpopularlawsetaseriesofprotests.(抗議)

(back,about,off7out,out,out,up,off)

練習30.

Takeoff脫掉，起飛takeon呈現(xiàn)雇傭

takeaway拿走takein吸收，領(lǐng)會

takeup從事，占用（時間空間）

takedown記錄，取下takeback收回

takefor誤認為takealong隨身帶

takeover接管takeout

1)ItakeallIsaidabouthisdishonesty.

2)Hewenttotheshelfandtookabookofpoems.

3)AtfirstItookhimadoctor.

4)Icanseethatmostofyouhavetakeneverythingthattheteachertaught.

5)Billhasnowtakenhisfather'sbusiness.

6)Myjobtakesmostofmytime.

7)Thebosstooktwentypeopleforhisnewcompany.

(back,down,for,in,over,up,on)

練習31.

takechargeof負責，takesth.forgranted想當然，takeholdof抓住,takepridein以......為

自豪，taketheplaceof,代替taketurnstodo輪流做,takeoffice就職

thinkof想起thinkof...as把…看作

thinkout想出thinkup想出

thinkabout考慮thinkover仔細考慮

thinkwellofsb.對某人看法好

32.turnoff/on打開

turnover翻身，反復考慮，翻(書頁)，翻轉(zhuǎn)

turnout證明為，結(jié)果，制造成品

turnto轉(zhuǎn)向，求助

turndown調(diào)低，拒絕

turnagainst變得敵視，反對

turnaway打發(fā)走，驅(qū)逐，轉(zhuǎn)過臉去

turnback返回,轉(zhuǎn)回去

turnround轉(zhuǎn)過身來

turnup向上翻，露面，出現(xiàn)，音量調(diào)大

turnin上繳

turnupsidedown把倒置，弄得亂七八糟

1)Thechildturneditsmotherforcomfort.

2)Turnandletmeseeyourface.

3)Howevermuchheturnedtheprobleminmind,hecouldfindnosatisfactory

solution.

4)TheEnglisheveningpartyturnedagreatsuccess.

5)Thesightoftheaccidentwastoomuchforhertobear,andsheturned.

6)Thefootballstadiumwasfull,andmanypeoplehadtobeturned.

7)Thearmyturnedhimonaccountof(因為)hispoorhealth.

8)Sheturnedthewholehouseinhersearchforhermissingpurse.

9)Wheredidyourpurseturn?Ifounditinthesnow.

10)Thevillagerssuddenlyturnedtheforeignerswholivednearby.

11)Thefactoryturns2000newcarslastyear.

(to,round,over,out,away,away,down,upsidedown,up,against,out)

初三系列復習資料(12)短語動詞和句型的考點集匯，講解和訓練

十二.短語動詞和句型

【考點直擊】

1.短語動詞的辨析；

2.英語句子的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)；

3.初中階段主要句型的用法。

【名師點睛】

短語動詞是中考的重要內(nèi)容之一。在初中階段，我們已經(jīng)學習了不少短語

動詞，把他們加以歸納總結(jié)，進行重點復習是十分必要的。英語中有許多短語

動詞在意義上是一個整體，其用法有的相當于及物動詞，有的相當于不及物動

詞，有的兼有及物動詞和不及物動詞的特征。

1.短語動詞的分類

(1)動詞+介詞

常見的有l(wèi)ookfor,lookafter,askfor,laughat,hearof等。這類短語動

詞的賓語只能放在介詞后。如：,

Don'tlaughatothers.

Tomaskedhisparentsforabike.

(2)動詞+副詞

常見的有g(shù)iveup,pickup,thinkover,findout,handin,等。這類短語動

詞的賓語如果是名詞，既可放在副詞前邊，又可放在副詞后邊；賓語如果

是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則要放在副詞前邊。如：

You'llhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.

Pleasedon'tforgettohanditin.

(3)動詞+副詞+介詞

常見的有g(shù)oonwith,catchupwith等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在

介詞后邊。如：

Goonandrilcatchupwithyouinfiveminutes.

Afterashortrest,hewentonwithhisresearchwork.

(4)動詞+名詞+介詞

常見的有takecareof,makeuseof,payattentionto,makefunof等。這

類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如：

Youshouldpayattentiontoyourhandwriting.

Weshouldmakefulluseofourtime.

(5)動詞+形容詞

常見的有l(wèi)eaveopen,setfree,cutopen等。這類短語動詞的賓語如果是

名詞，則賓語可放在形容詞的前邊，也可放在后邊；賓語如果是人稱代詞

或反身代詞，則必須放在形容詞前邊。如：

Theprisonersweresetfree.

Hecutitopen.

(6)動詞+名詞

常見的有takeplace,makefriends等。這類短語動詞用作不及物動詞。

如：

Thisstorytookplacethreeyearsago.

Imakefriendswithalotofpeople.

2.短語動詞的辨析

(l)bemadein(在...生產(chǎn)或制造)，bemadeof(由....組成或構(gòu)成)

(2)comedown(下來;落)，comealong(來；隨同)，cometooneself(蘇醒)，come

true（實現(xiàn)），comeout（花開；發(fā)芽；出現(xiàn)；出來），comeover（過來；順便

來訪），comein（進來）,comeon（來吧；跟著來;趕快）,comeupwith（找到；

提出）

（3）doone'sbest（盡最大努力），dowellin（在...干得好），doone's

homework（做作業(yè)），dosomereading（閱讀）

（4）fallasleep（入睡），fallbehind（落在后面），falloff（從...掉下），fall

down倒下；跌倒）

（5）getdown（下來；落下）,geton（上車），getto（到達）,getup（起床），getback（回

來；取回），getoff（下來）,getonwellwith（與.相處融洽），getmarried（結(jié)

婚），gettogether（相聚）

（6）giveup（放棄），give…ahand（給與...幫助），giveaconcert（開音樂會）

（7）goback（回去），goon（繼續(xù)），gohome（回家），gotobed（睡覺），goover（過

?遍；仔細檢查），goout（外出；到外面），gowrong（走錯路），goondoing（繼

續(xù)做某事），goshopping（買東西），goboating（去劃船）,gofishing（去釣魚），

gohiking（去徒步旅行），goskating（去滑冰），gostraightalong（沿著—

直往前走）

（8）havealook（看一看）,haveaseat（坐下），havesupper（吃晚餐）,havearest

（休息）,havesports（進行體育活動）,haveacold（感冒）,haveacough

（咳嗽），haveagoodtime（過得愉快）,haveaheadache（頭痛）,haveatry（嘗

試；努力）

（9）lookfor（尋找），lookout（留神；注意），lookover（仔細檢查），lookup（向上

看；抬頭看），lookafter（照顧；照看），lookat（看；觀看），looklike（看起

來像），lookthesame（看起來像），

（10）makefriends（交朋友），makephonecalls（打電話），makemoney（賺錢），

makethebed（整理床鋪），makeanoise（吵鬧），makeafaces（做鬼臉），make

one'swayto（往.走去），makeroomfor（給...騰出地方），makea

decision（做出決定），makeamistake（犯錯誤），makeupone'smind（下決心）

（ll）puton（上演；穿上；戴上），putup（掛起；舉起），putdown（把某物放下

來），putaway（把某物收起來）,putoff（推遲）

（12）takeoff（脫掉衣服），takephotos（照相），taketime（花費時間），takeout（取

出），takeaseat（坐下），takeanactivepartin（積極參力口），takecareof（照顧；

照料；注意），takeexercise（做運動），takeone'splace（坐某人的位置；代

替某人的職務），taketurn（輪流）

（13）talkabout（談話；交談），talkwith（和...交談）

（14）turnon（打開電燈，收音機，煤氣，自來水等），turnoff（關(guān)上電燈，收音

機，煤氣，自來水等），turndown（關(guān)小；調(diào)低），turn…over（把..…翻過來）

（15）thinkof（認為;想起），thinkabout（考慮）

3.句子的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)

根據(jù)句子所用動詞的不同，句子可歸納為五個基本句型。

（1）主語+連系動詞+表語。例如：

Mymotherisadoctor.

Hervoicesoundsnice.

（2）主語+不及物動詞。例如：

Herunsfast.

Westudyhard.

(3)主語+及物動詞+賓語。例如：

Childrenoftensingthissong.

HestudiesEnglish.

1)常用-ing形式，而不用不定式作賓語的動詞有：enjoy,finish,feellike,

consider,practise,keep,suggest,mind等。例如：

Sheenjoysreadingnovelsandswimming.

Ifinishedreadingthebooklastnight.

2)常用不定式，而不用-ing形式作賓語的動詞有：wish,hope,agree,plan,

decide,refuse等。例如：

Wheredowishtosit?

Tomagreedtolendsomemoney.

3)有些及物動詞既可用不定式，由可用-ing形式作賓語，但意義不同。這

類動詞常見的有：remember,forget等。例如：

Pleaseremembertoposttheletterforme.

請記住替我發(fā)了這封信。

Irememberpostingtheletter.

我記得那封信寄過了。

Stop的用法同上面的詞相仿，不過stop后面跟不定式不是作賓語，

而是作狀語。試比較下列句子：

Hestoppedtosmoke.他停下來吸煙。

Hestoppedsmoking.他停止吸煙了。

4)有些及物動詞的賓語，既可用不定式，又可用-ing形式，意義基本相同。

這類動詞常見的有：like,love,hate,begin,start,continue等。例如：

Iliketoswiminsummer.

Ilikeswimminginsummer.

(4)主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語。例如：

Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.

Hegavemeanapple.

1)及物動詞之后跟有雙賓語，往往一個指人，一個指物。指人的為間接賓語，

指物的為直接賓語。一般情況下，間接賓語在前，直接賓語在后。如果要

把間接賓語放在直接賓語之后，間接賓語前需加介詞。例如：

Pleasepassmeacupoftea.=Pleasepassacupofteatome.

Showmeyournewbook,please.=Pleaseshowyournewbooktome.

2)把間接賓語放在直接賓語之后，間接賓前有時加介詞to,有時加介詞for,

這主要取決于謂語動詞。一般在動詞give,tell,sell,lend,show之后加to。

在動詞buy,make,get等之后加for。例如：

Wouldyoulendmeyourdictionary,please?=Wouldyoulendyourdictionary

tome,please?

Tom'smotherboughthimapairofnewshoes.=Tom'smotherboughtapairof

newshoesforhim.

(5)主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語。例如：

Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

Ihearsomeonesinginginthenextroom.

1）及物動詞指后跟有復合賓語，一個是賓語，一個是賓語補足語。賓語和賓

語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如：

WecallhimJack.

Don'tgetyourhandsdirty.

2）在及物動詞之后，用不定式作賓語補足語和用-ing形式作賓語補足語表示

的意思往往不同。用不定式作賓語補足語指事情的全過程；用.ing形式作

賓語補足語指正在進行的動作的一部分。例如：

Iheardhimsingthatsong.（我聽他唱過那首歌。）

WhenIcameback,Iheardhimsingingintheroom.

（我回來時，聽見他正在房間里唱歌。）

3）在感官動詞see,hear,feel,watch,listento,lookat使役動詞let,make,

have等的復合賓語種，不定式須省去to。但變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，省去的to

要加上。例如：

Isawhimgointotheroom.

Hewasseentogointotheroom.

4.初中階段主要句型的用法。

1.It'stimeto（for）....表“時間到了；該干…的時間了”之意。

It'stimetogohome.

It*stimeforschool.

注意：t。的后面接動詞短語，而for的后面接名詞。

2.Ifsbad（good）for...表示“對…有害（有益）的”含義。

Pleasedon'tsmoke.It*sbadforyourhealth.

Pleasetakemoreexercise.It'sgoodforyourhealth.

3.belatefor（school）是“上學（遲到）”之意。for后面還可以接meeting或class<>

Hewaslateforschoolthismorning.

Don*tbelateforclass,please.

4.hadbetterdo/notdosth.表示“最好做/不做某事之意。

Youhadbetterputonthecoatwhenyougoout.It'scoldoutside.

Wehadbetterstoptohavearest.

注意：用hadbetter時,后面一定要直接跟動詞原形，決不能加todosth.否

定一定用在第二個動詞之前，是動詞不定式的否定式。

5.be（feel）afraidof...表示“恐怕害怕…”之意。

Heisafraidofsnakes.

Maryfeelsafraidofgoingoutalone.

6.enjoydoingsth.是“喜歡（愛好）做某事”之意，doing是動名詞作動詞enjoy

的賓語。enjoy有欣賞之意。

AreyouenjoylivinginBeijing?

Doyouenjoylisteningtomusic?

7.stopdoingsth.停止做某事

stoptodosth.停下來做某事

It'stimeforclass.Stoptalking,please.

Whenshesawme,shestoppedtotalkwithme.

8.Let（make）sb.do讓（使）某人做某事。

Let'sgotoschool.

Fathermadehissoncleantheroomagain.

注意：當makesb.dosth.用于被動語態(tài)時，第二個動詞前面就一定要加to

了。如：

Hissonwasmadetocleantheroomagain.

hewasmadetoworktwelvehoursadayinthepast.

9.liketodo/likedoingsth.是“喜歡做某事”之意。

liketodosth.是表示比較具體的喜歡做某事；likedoingsth,是表示寵統(tǒng)的喜

歡做某事。如：

Iliketoswimintheswimmingpool.

我喜歡在游泳池中游泳。（喜歡的具體的地方游泳）

Ilikeswimming.我喜歡游泳（只講喜歡這項運動）

10.ask（tell）sb.todo.（nottodo）sth.請（讓）某人（不）做某事

Jimaskedhismothertohelphimwithhislessons.

Whendidyoutellhimnottoshoutloudly?

11.give（lend）sb.sth.=give（lend）sth.tosb.給（借給）某人某物

Mikegavemeanewpairofstockings.

Pleaselendusyourcar.

12.bebusydoingsth.表示“忙于做某事”之意。

Thestudentsarebusygettingreadyfortheexams.

IsMrsBlackbusywashingclothes?

13.too...to...表示“太…以致不能…”的含義。

Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

Theoldmanwastootiredtowalkfarther.

14.not.....until.......是“直...才...”之意。

Mydaughterdidn'tgotobeduntil11o'clocklastnight.

Wewon'thavetimetorestuntilthesummerholidaycomes.

15.so.....that是"如此...以致...”的意思。

Peterissocleverthatalltheteacherslikehimverymuch.

Thesongissowonderfulthateveryonelikestolistentoit.

16.neither.....nor.......是“既不...也不...”之意。

Mr.Smithisneitheraworkernorasoldier.Heisascientist.

NeitheryounorIamfree.

17.enoughtodosth.是“足以去做某事”之意。

Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.

Peterwastallenoughtoreachtheapple.

19.prefer.to…??.是“比起來，還是??????好，”“喜歡……而不喜歡”之意。

IpreferEnglish