英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)、演講講義

Step1:選擇演講的話題Whatisyourdream?Whatisyouridealjob?

Whatisthebiggestchangeinyourcountryinthelast10years?Whatisthebiggestdecisionthatyouhaveevermade?Howdoyoureleaseyourpressureordepression?一、演講的開頭：1.直入主題Ladiesandgentlemen,welcometo~~~Today’stopicis…….2.提出問題，引人深思Whatisart?

Whatisliterature?3.引用名言（名人名言）4.以講故事的方式開頭（巴別塔的故事）（摩西分海）Onceuponatimealltheworldspokeasinglelanguageandusedthesamewords.Asmenjourneyedintheeast,theycameuponaplaininthelandofShinarandsettledthere.Theysaidtooneanother,“Come,letusmakebricksandbakethemhard”;theyusedbricksforstoneandbitumenformortar.“Come”,theysaid,“Letusbuildourselvesacityandatowerwithitstopintheheavens,andmakeanameforourselves;orweshallbedispersedallovertheearth.”ThentheLordcamedowntoseethecityandtowerwhichmortalmenhadbuilt,andhesaid,“Heretheyare,onepeoplewithasinglelanguage,andnowtheyhavestartedtodothis;henceforwardnothingtheyhaveamindtodowillbebeyondtheirreach.Come,letusgodownthereandconfusetheirspeech,sothattheywillnotunderstandwhattheysaytooneanother.”SotheLorddispersedthemfromthereallovertheearth,andtheyleftoffbuildingthecity.ThatiswhyitiscalledBabel,becausetheLordtheremadeababbleofthelanguageoftheentireworld;fromthatplacetheLordscatteredmenalloverthefaceoftheearth.5.寒暄以幽默或者自嘲的方式，向聽眾致敬

e.g.喬布斯；JK羅林喬布斯Iamhonoredtobewithyoutodayatyourcommencementfromoneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.Inevergraduatedfromcollege.Truthbetold,thisistheclosestI'veevergottentoacollegegraduation.TodayIwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.That'sit.Nobigdeal.Justthreestories.斯坦福PresidentFaust,membersoftheHarvardCorporationandtheBoardofOverseers,membersofthefaculty,proudparents,and,aboveall,graduates.ThefirstthingIwouldliketosayis‘thankyou.’NotonlyhasHarvardgivenmeanextraordinaryhonour,buttheweeksoffearandnauseaIhaveenduredatthethoughtofgivingthiscommencementaddresshavemademeloseweight.Awin-winsituation!NowallIhavetodoistakedeepbreaths,squintattheredbannersandconvincemyselfthatIamattheworld’slargestGryffindorreunion.Deliveringacommencementaddressisagreatresponsibility;orsoIthoughtuntilIcastmymindbacktomyowngraduation.ThecommencementspeakerthatdaywasthedistinguishedBritishphilosopherBaronessMaryWarnock.Reflectingonherspeechhashelpedmeenormouslyinwritingthisone,becauseitturnsoutthatIcan’trememberasinglewordshesaid.ThisliberatingdiscoveryenablesmetoproceedwithoutanyfearthatImightinadvertentlyinfluenceyoutoabandonpromisingcareersinbusiness,thelaworpoliticsforthegiddydelightsofbecomingagaywizard.Yousee?Ifallyourememberinyearstocomeisthe‘gaywizard’joke,I’vecomeoutaheadofBaronessMaryWarnock.Achievablegoals:thefirststeptoselfimprovement.二、演講的正文：Supporting：例子；排比數(shù)據(jù)；類比；對(duì)照排比if，if，if假設(shè)：ifIdidnotgotouniversity,Icanno…ifIdidnot

ifIdidnot….(JK羅琳演講)運(yùn)用想象力，愿景vision（視頻：未來的科技）（范文：Ihaveadream!）三、演講的結(jié)尾：1號(hào)召式FinallyIwouldliketoprintthismottoontheflag:“Takenothingawayexceptmemory;Leavenothingbehindexceptgreentrees.”2.引發(fā)讀者思考Mydearfriends,inyourwholelife,whathaveyoudone?Whatisyourdreaminthedeepestmind?Andwhatareyougoingtodotomakeourlivesmeaningful?3.點(diǎn)題4.幽默Earthiswonderful,becauseofme!地球因我而精彩！5.名人名言（JK羅琳）四：注意事項(xiàng)：肢體語(yǔ)言Bodylanguage英語(yǔ)和美語(yǔ)的區(qū)別附：JK羅琳演講全稿PresidentFaust,membersoftheHarvardCorporationandtheBoardofOverseers,membersofthefaculty,proudparents,and,aboveall,graduates.ThefirstthingIwouldliketosayis‘thankyou.’NotonlyhasHarvardgivenmeanextraordinaryhonour,buttheweeksoffearandnauseaIhaveenduredatthethoughtofgivingthiscommencementaddresshavemademeloseweight.Awin-winsituation!NowallIhavetodoistakedeepbreaths,squintattheredbannersandconvincemyselfthatIamattheworld’slargestGryffindorreunion.Deliveringacommencementaddressisagreatresponsibility;orsoIthoughtuntilIcastmymindbacktomyowngraduation.ThecommencementspeakerthatdaywasthedistinguishedBritishphilosopherBaronessMaryWarnock.Reflectingonherspeechhashelpedmeenormouslyinwritingthisone,becauseitturnsoutthatIcan’trememberasinglewordshesaid.ThisliberatingdiscoveryenablesmetoproceedwithoutanyfearthatImightinadvertentlyinfluenceyoutoabandonpromisingcareersinbusiness,thelaworpoliticsforthegiddydelightsofbecomingagaywizard.Yousee?Ifallyourememberinyearstocomeisthe‘gaywizard’joke,I’vecomeoutaheadofBaronessMaryWarnock.Achievablegoals:thefirststeptoselfimprovement.Actually,IhavewrackedmymindandheartforwhatIoughttosaytoyoutoday.IhaveaskedmyselfwhatIwishIhadknownatmyowngraduation,andwhatimportantlessonsIhavelearnedinthe21yearsthathaveexpiredbetweenthatdayandthis.Ihavecomeupwithtwoanswers.Onthiswonderfuldaywhenwearegatheredtogethertocelebrateyouracademicsuccess,Ihavedecidedtotalktoyouaboutthebenefitsoffailure.Andasyoustandonthethresholdofwhatissometimescalled‘reallife’,Iwanttoextolthecrucialimportanceofimagination.Thesemayseemquixoticorparadoxicalchoices,butpleasebearwithme.Lookingbackatthe21-year-oldthatIwasatgraduation,isaslightlyuncomfortableexperienceforthe42-year-oldthatshehasbecome.Halfmylifetimeago,IwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweentheambitionIhadformyself,andwhatthoseclosesttomeexpectedofme.IwasconvincedthattheonlythingIwantedtodo,ever,wastowritenovels.However,myparents,bothofwhomcamefromimpoverishedbackgroundsandneitherofwhomhadbeentocollege,tooktheviewthatmyoveractiveimaginationwasanamusingpersonalquirkthatwouldneverpayamortgage,orsecureapension.Iknowthattheironystrikeswiththeforceofacartoonanvil,now.SotheyhopedthatIwouldtakeavocationaldegree;IwantedtostudyEnglishLiterature.Acompromisewasreachedthatinretrospectsatisfiednobody,andIwentuptostudyModernLanguages.Hardlyhadmyparents’carroundedthecornerattheendoftheroadthanIditchedGermanandscuttledoffdowntheClassicscorridor.IcannotremembertellingmyparentsthatIwasstudyingClassics;theymightwellhavefoundoutforthefirsttimeongraduationday.Ofallthesubjectsonthisplanet,IthinktheywouldhavebeenhardputtonameonelessusefulthanGreekmythologywhenitcametosecuringthekeystoanexecutivebathroom.Iwouldliketomakeitclear,inparenthesis,thatIdonotblamemyparentsfortheirpointofview.Thereisanexpirydateonblamingyourparentsforsteeringyouinthewrongdirection;themomentyouareoldenoughtotakethewheel,responsibilitylieswithyou.Whatismore,IcannotcriticisemyparentsforhopingthatIwouldneverexperiencepoverty.Theyhadbeenpoorthemselves,andIhavesincebeenpoor,andIquiteagreewiththemthatitisnotanennoblingexperience.Povertyentailsfear,andstress,andsometimesdepression;itmeansathousandpettyhumiliationsandhardships.Climbingoutofpovertybyyourownefforts,thatisindeedsomethingonwhichtoprideyourself,butpovertyitselfisromanticisedonlybyfools.WhatIfearedmostformyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.Atyourage,inspiteofadistinctlackofmotivationatuniversity,whereIhadspentfartoolonginthecoffeebarwritingstories,andfartoolittletimeatlectures,Ihadaknackforpassingexaminations,andthat,foryears,hadbeenthemeasureofsuccessinmylifeandthatofmypeers.Iamnotdullenoughtosupposethatbecauseyouareyoung,giftedandwell-educated,youhaveneverknownhardshiporheartbreak.TalentandintelligenceneveryetinoculatedanyoneagainstthecapriceoftheFates,andIdonotforamomentsupposethateveryoneherehasenjoyedanexistenceofunruffledprivilegeandcontentment.However,thefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouarenotverywell-acquaintedwithfailure.Youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.Indeed,yourconceptionoffailuremightnotbetoofarfromtheaverageperson’sideaofsuccess,sohighhaveyoualreadyflown.Ultimately,weallhavetodecideforourselveswhatconstitutesfailure,buttheworldisquiteeagertogiveyouasetofcriteriaifyouletit.SoIthinkitfairtosaythatbyanyconventionalmeasure,ameresevenyearsaftermygraduationday,Ihadfailedonanepicscale.Anexceptionallyshort-livedmarriagehadimploded,andIwasjobless,aloneparent,andaspoorasitispossibletobeinmodernBritain,withoutbeinghomeless.Thefearsthatmyparentshadhadforme,andthatIhadhadformyself,hadbothcometopass,andbyeveryusualstandard,IwasthebiggestfailureIknew.Now,Iamnotgoingtostandhereandtellyouthatfailureisfun.Thatperiodofmylifewasadarkone,andIhadnoideathattherewasgoingtobewhatthepresshassincerepresentedasakindoffairytaleresolution.Ihadnoideathenhowfarthetunnelextended,andforalongtime,anylightattheendofitwasahoperatherthanareality.SowhydoItalkaboutthebenefitsoffailure?Simplybecausefailuremeantastrippingawayoftheinessential.IstoppedpretendingtomyselfthatIwasanythingotherthanwhatIwas,andbegantodirectallmyenergyintofinishingtheonlyworkthatmatteredtome.HadIreallysucceededatanythingelse,ImightneverhavefoundthedeterminationtosucceedintheonearenaIbelievedItrulybelonged.Iwassetfree,becausemygreatestfearhadbeenrealised,andIwasstillalive,andIstillhadadaughterwhomIadored,andIhadanoldtypewriterandabigidea.AndsorockbottombecamethesolidfoundationonwhichIrebuiltmylife.YoumightneverfailonthescaleIdid,butsomefailureinlifeisinevitable.Itisimpossibletolivewithoutfailingatsomething,unlessyoulivesocautiouslythatyoumightaswellnothavelivedatall–inwhichcase,youfailbydefault.FailuregavemeaninnersecuritythatIhadneverattainedbypassingexaminations.FailuretaughtmethingsaboutmyselfthatIcouldhavelearnednootherway.IdiscoveredthatIhadastrongwill,andmoredisciplinethanIhadsuspected;IalsofoundoutthatIhadfriendswhosevaluewastrulyabovethepriceofrubies.Theknowledgethatyouhaveemergedwiserandstrongerfromsetbacksmeansthatyouare,everafter,secureinyourabilitytosurvive.Youwillnevertrulyknowyourself,orthestrengthofyourrelationships,untilbothhavebeentestedbyadversity.Suchknowledgeisatruegift,forallthatitispainfullywon,andithasbeenworthmorethananyqualificationIeverearned.SogivenaTimeTurner,Iwouldtellmy21-year-oldselfthatpersonalhappinessliesinknowingthatlifeisnotacheck-listofacquisitionorachievement.Yourqualifications,yourCV,arenotyourlife,thoughyouwillmeetmanypeopleofmyageandolderwhoconfusethetwo.Lifeisdifficult,andcomplicated,andbeyondanyone’stotalcontrol,andthehumilitytoknowthatwillenableyoutosurviveitsvicissitudes.NowyoumightthinkthatIchosemysecondtheme,theimportanceofimagination,becauseofthepartitplayedinrebuildingmylife,butthatisnotwhollyso.ThoughIpersonallywilldefendthevalueofbedtimestoriestomylastgasp,Ihavelearnedtovalueimaginationinamuchbroadersense.Imaginationisnotonlytheuniquelyhumancapacitytoenvisionthatwhichisnot,andthereforethefountofallinventionandinnovation.Initsarguablymosttransformativeandrevelatorycapacity,itisthepowerthatenablesustoempathisewithhumanswhoseexperienceswehavenevershared.OneofthegreatestformativeexperiencesofmylifeprecededHarryPotter,thoughitinformedmuchofwhatIsubsequentlywroteinthosebooks.Thisrevelationcameintheformofoneofmyearliestdayjobs.ThoughIwasslopingofftowritestoriesduringmylunchhours,Ipaidtherentinmyearly20sbyworkingattheAfricanresearchdepartmentatAmnestyInternational’sheadquartersinLondon.ThereinmylittleofficeIreadhastilyscribbledletterssmuggledoutoftotalitarianregimesbymenandwomenwhowereriskingimprisonmenttoinformtheoutsideworldofwhatwashappeningtothem.Isawphotographsofthosewhohaddisappearedwithouttrace,senttoAmnestybytheirdesperatefamiliesandfriends.Ireadthetestimonyoftorturevictimsandsawpicturesoftheirinjuries.Iopenedhandwritten,eye-witnessaccountsofsummarytrialsandexecutions,ofkidnappingsandrapes.Manyofmyco-workerswereex-politicalprisoners,peoplewhohadbeendisplacedfromtheirhomes,orfledintoexile,becausetheyhadthetemeritytospeakagainsttheirgovernments.Visitorstoourofficesincludedthosewhohadcometogiveinformation,ortotryandfindoutwhathadhappenedtothosetheyhadleftbehind.IshallneverforgettheAfricantorturevictim,ayoungmannoolderthanIwasatthetime,whohadbecomementallyillafterallhehadenduredinhishomeland.Hetrembleduncontrollablyashespokeintoavideocameraaboutthebrutalityinflicteduponhim.HewasafoottallerthanIwas,andseemedasfragileasachild.IwasgiventhejobofescortinghimbacktotheUndergroundStationafterwards,andthismanwhoselifehadbeenshatteredbycrueltytookmyhandwithexquisitecourtesy,andwishedmefuturehappiness.AndaslongasIliveIshallrememberwalkingalonganemptycorridorandsuddenlyhearing,frombehindacloseddoor,ascreamofpainandhorrorsuchasIhaveneverheardsince.Thedooropened,andtheresearcherpokedoutherheadandtoldmetorunandmakeahotdrinkfortheyoungmansittingwithher.Shehadjusthadtogivehimthenewsthatinretaliationforhisownoutspokennessagainsthiscountry’sregime,hismotherhadbeenseizedandexecuted.Everydayofmyworkingweekinmyearly20sIwasremindedhowincrediblyfortunateIwas,toliveinacountrywithademocraticallyelectedgovernment,wherelegalrepresentationandapublictrialweretherightsofeveryone.Everyday,Isawmoreevidenceabouttheevilshumankindwillinflictontheirfellowhumans,togainormaintainpower.Ibegantohavenightmares,literalnightmares,aboutsomeofthethingsIsaw,heard,andread.AndyetIalsolearnedmoreabouthumangoodnessatAmnestyInternationalthanIhadeverknownbefore.Amnestymobilisesthousandsofpeoplewhohaveneverbeentorturedorimprisonedfortheirbeliefstoactonbehalfofthosewhohave.Thepowerofhumanempathy,leadingtocollectiveaction,saveslives,andfreesprisoners.Ordinarypeople,whosepersonalwell-beingandsecurityareassured,jointogetherinhugenumberstosavepeopletheydonotknow,andwillnevermeet.Mysmallparticipationinthatprocesswasoneofthemosthumblingandinspiringexperiencesofmylife.Unlikeanyothercreatureonthisplanet,humanscanlearnandunderstand,withouthavingexperienced.Theycanthinkthemselvesintootherpeople’splaces.Ofcourse,thisisapower,likemybrandoffictionalmagic,thatismorallyneutral.Onemightusesuchanabilitytomanipulate,orcontrol,justasmuchastounderstandorsympathise.Andmanyprefernottoexercisetheirimaginationsatall.Theychoosetoremaincomfortablywithintheboundsoftheirownexperience,nevertroublingtowonderhowitwouldfeeltohavebeenbornotherthantheyare.Theycanrefusetohearscreamsortopeerinsidecages;theycanclosetheirmindsandheartstoanysufferingthatdoesnottouchthempersonally;theycanrefusetoknow.Imightbetemptedtoenvypeoplewhocanlivethatway,exceptthatIdonotthinktheyhaveanyfewernightmaresthanIdo.Choosingtoliveinnarrowspacesleadstoaformofmentalagoraphobia,andthatbringsitsownterrors.Ithinkthewilfullyunimaginativeseemoremonsters.Theyareoftenmoreafraid.Whatismore,thosewhochoosenottoempathiseenablerealmonsters.Forwithoutevercommittinganactofoutrightevilourselves,wecolludewithit,throughourownapathy.OneofthemanythingsIlearnedattheendofthatClassicscorridordownwhichIventuredattheageof18,insearchofsomethingIcouldnotthendefine,wasthis,writtenbytheGreekauthorPlutarch:Whatweachieveinwardlywillchangeouterreality.Thatisanastonishingstatementandyetprovenathousandtimeseverydayofourlives.Itexpresses,inpart,ourinescapableconnectionwiththeoutsideworld,thefactthatwetouchotherpeople’slivessimplybyexisting.Buthowmuchmoreareyou,Harvardgraduatesof2008,likelytotouchotherpeople’slives?Yourintelligence,yourcapacityforhardwork,theeducationyouhaveearnedandreceived,giveyouuniquestatus,anduniqueresponsib