2023年9月份四級(jí)考試樣卷

ModelTestFivePartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayentitledStopRaisingDangerousAnimalsasPetsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.YoushouldwriteatLeast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet1.1.烈性寵物傷人旳事故頻頻被報(bào)道2.喂養(yǎng)烈性寵物很危險(xiǎn)3.公眾應(yīng)停止喂養(yǎng)烈性寵物StopRaisingDangerousAnimalsasPets注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneortwoquestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingLetteronAnswersheet1withasingleLinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1.A)Theyshouldgocampingatthebeach.B)Theyshoulddoastheyhaveplanned.C)Theycanchangetheirplanaccordingtotheweather.D)Theterribleweatherhasruinedtheirweekendplan.2.A)Herpresentationwasreallysuccessful.B)Shewilldoapresentationinthemeeting.C)Shespoketomanypeoplewithoutbeingnervous.D)Shejustsatinthemeetingwithoutsayingaword.3.A)Hisprojectisgoingverywell.B)Heneedsfinancialsupport.C)It'sdifficulttofinishhisproject.D)Heneedscapablepersons.4.A)Thecarwasallrightintheaccident.B)Thecarwasbrokenbadlyintheaccident.C)Thewoman'sbrotherwasmadduetotheaccident.D)Thewoman'sbrotherwasbadlyhurtintheaccident.5.A)Carlshouldgoonworking.B)Carlshouldcomebacktoclass.C)SheissurprisedthatCarlearnedalotofmoney.D)Shealsowantstobeaconsultanttothatcompany.A)Thewomanistoofat.B)Thewomanshouldbuysomenewclothes.C)Thewomanisprettiernow.D)Thewomanshouldeatlessfromnowon.7.A)Comebackbycoach.B)Goalongerdistance.C)Comebackbytrain..D)Comebackbyair.understandsthewoman'sfeeling.8.A)Thewomanmaybesick.B)Thewomanisastrangertohimatfirst.C)Thingsarereallystrange.D)Heunderstandsthewomen’sfeeling.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)HowtopersuadeotherstodocarwashB)HowtoorganizetheThanksgivingpartyC)Howtogettheraising-moneymessageout.D)Howtoshowtheinterestingthingstoothers.A)Getmaterialstomakeabigbanner,B)PrintalargenumberofpostersC)HangthebannerbeforethestudentcenterD)Haveanarticlepublishedintheschoolpaper.11,A)Sheisgoodatwritingarticles.B)Sheisveryhelpful.C)Sheisthesmartestgirlintheclass.D)ShedoesagoodjobinEnglishclass.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Keepingoutthecold.B)KeepingouttheheatC)Avoidingairpollution.D)Preventingthedust13.A)Theyarelight.B)Theyarewater-proof.C)Theyarewarm.D)Theyarecheap.14.A)Theyhavebecomepopular.B)Theyarelikelytobemade.C)Theyareinusenow.D)Theywillnotbemade.15.A)Bysearchinginformationonpaper.B)ByattendingapresentationonpaperC)Byconsultingexpertsonpaper.D)Bygivingapresentationonpapers.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingLetteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter..注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Bydoingapart-timejob.B)Byservinginthearm3.C)Bysettingasidepartofhissalary.D)Bychanginghisjobforabetterone.17.A)Hewasgiventhewrongbloodbymistake.B)Hisorgansbrokedownduringthesurgery.C)Hewastooweaktohaveasurgery.D)Hewasseriouslyinfectedafterthesurgery18.A)Itturnedouttobeinvain.B)Itwasheldbackbyhismother.C)Heearnedalotofmoneythroughit.D)Ithelpedthefamilytokeepthehouse.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)HeplayedwellintheNBA.B)Backinjuriesinterruptedhiscareer.C)HenowworksforNike.D)Marylandishishomeland.20.A)Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.B)Smallthingscanleadtolargeoutcomes:C)Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D)Donothingbyhalves.21.A)Herespectedandgreetedeveryone.B)Heworkedthereformanyyears.C)Theyhadagoodmemory.D)Theywererequiredtodoso.22.A)Hewastoonaughty.B)Helookeddown,uponMr.Lee.C)HedestroyedpubicfacilitieswitharockD)Hedidn'tgreetMr.Leewhentheymetonthestreet.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Seriousburns.B)Greatpanic.C)Smokeandgases.D)Carelessmistakes24A)Makesuretheirbedroomdoorsareopen.B)MakesuretheirbedroomC)Makesuretheirwindowsareshut.D)Makesuretheirfuelgas25.A)Screamandcry.B)Hideunderbeds.C)Fleethehouse.D)Seektheirparents'help.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldListencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Whatdoesitmeantoobeythelaw?That(26)__whereyouare.Differentcultureshavedifferentviewsofobeyingthelaw.Insomecultures,law-abidingcitizenstrytokeeptheletterofthelaw.Thatis,whateverthelawsays,theydo.Inothercultures,goodcitizenslivebythe(27)___ofthelaw.Theyseethelawonlyasageneral(28)____..Oftentheyobeythelawonlywhensomeoneofficialislooking.ThesituationinAmericafitsintothefirst(29)____.Thatdoesn'tmeanallAmericanskeepthelaw.ButAmericancultureteachespeopletorespectthelaw-eventothesmallestdetail.Drivinghabits(30)____Americanrespectforthelaw.Adriverwillusuallystopforaredlight,evenwhentherearenoothercarsaround.Peopletreatthelinesmarkingstreetsandroadsas(31)-___boundaries,notjustdecorations.Vehiclesyieldtothosewiththerightofway---particularlypedestrians.Actuallythough,driversdon’talwayskeeptrafficrules.Forexample,manydrivers(32)____freewayspeedlimits.ButAmericangenerallydrivewithcarefulattentiontothetrafficrules.Ofcourse,noteveryoneinAmericaabidesbythelaw.Crimeisagrowingproblem.Forthatreason,lawenforcementofficialswillnever(33)____ajob.Policeofficershavetheirhandsfulltryingtoarrestlawbreakers.Detectiveagenciesspendcountlesshourstryingto(34)_unsolvedcrimes.Nevertheless,mostAmericansstillliketobelievethatthelawwill(35)___catchthebadguys.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaLetter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleLinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Alotofpeopleinstinctivelybelieve-withoutreallyknowing-thatpoorreadersarenotespeciallysmart.AnewstudybyresearchersattheYaleSchoolofMedicineandtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisexplainshowitisthat36brightandaccomplishedpeoplecanhavegreatdifficultyreading.Whatgetsinthewayofmanypeople'sabilitytoreadiswordblindness.Itisanunexpecteddifficultyinreadinginpeoplewhohavetheintelligenceandmotivationthoughttobenecessarytobe37readers.Thebrainsofpeoplewithwordblindnesshavedifficultytakingimagesthattheyseeorhearandturningitinto38language,explainedresearcherSallyE.Shaywitz.Thismeansthatsomeonewithwordblindnessnotonlyhas39readingbutmayalsohavedifficultyspeakingquickly.Typicalreaderscan40recognizewordsafterseeingthemafewtimes;thosewithwordblindnessdon't.Thenewstudy41evidenceforthefirsttimeshowingthatthe42betweenIQandreadingovertimeisnotthesameforreaderswithwordblindnessasitisfortypicalreadersInpeoplewithoutwordblindness,intelligenceandreadingdoinfactconnectandcan43eachotherovertime.Butinthosewithwordblindness,IQandreadingarenot44overtimeanddonothaveanaffectoneachother."Peopleexpectthatifyouareaverygoodreaderyoumustbeverysmartandifyoudon'treadwellyoumustnotbesosmart,"sandShaywitz"Wordblindnessisaparadox(矛盾)becauseitviolatesthat45，”shesaid."YoucanNOTbeagreatreaderandbeexceptionallysmart."注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A)conclusionB)fluentC)understandableD)exceedinglyE)automaticallyF)providesG)influenceH)troubleI)linkedJ)provesK)considerateL)selectivelyM)assumptionN)relationshipO)contactedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ABriefHistoryofOnlineShoppingA)WhenAmazonopenedforbusiness15yearsago,itwasnothingmorethanafewpeoplepackingandshippingboxesofbooksfromatwo-cargarageinBellevue,Wash.JeffBezos,AmazonfounderandCEO,hadleftNewYorkCityforthePacificNorthwest,usingsomeofhistimeontheroadtowritethecompany'sbusinessplan.Bookswerepackedonatablemadeoutofanextradoortheyfoundlyinginthenewhome---apracticethecompanycontinuestodayinspiritbymakingmanyoftheoffice'sdesksoutofdoors.B)Now,onits15thanniversary,Amazoncanraiseatoasttobeingoneofthelargestonlineretailersintheworld,sellingeverythingfromtrumpetsandgolfcartstodishwashersandclothes.Despitetheeconomicrecession,onlineretailintheU.S.grew11%lastyear,accordingtoareportreleasedthisMarchfromForresterResearch:Morethan150millionpeople-abouttwo-thirdsofallInternetusersintheU.S.---boughtsomethingonlinelastyear.It'sastaggeringleapforanindustryusedby27%oftheC)OneofthefirstknownWebpurchasestookplacein1994.ItwasanItalianpizzawithmushroomsandextracheesefromPizzaHut,asomewhatappropriatepurchasefortheearlydaysoftheInternet.WhenAmazoncameonthescenenotlongafter,sellingbooksonlinewasacuriousidea.Afterall,whywouldpeoplebuyatextbookonlinewhentheycouldgotoabookstore?Buteventually,arevolutionarychangeincultureandgroupthinktookplace.Buyingthingsonlinewasallaboutpriceandselection,saysEllenDavis,avicepresidentwiththeNationalRetailFederation.Ifyoulivedinasmalltownwithjustonebookstoreandtheydidn'tstockthenovelyouwanted,theInternetwasasolution.D)Thebigsellerswere"hardgoods,"thosethingsyoudidn'thavetotouch,feelorsmellinordertobuy,suchasbooks,computersandotherelectronics.Now,nothingisofflimits."AstheInternethasevolved,it'sbecomeachannelwhereyoucanbuyanything,"Davissays."Youcanbuyfragrances(香水)---somethingyouwouldhavenormallythoughtyouwouldneedtogotoastoreandactuallyexperiencebeforeyoudecidedtobuy."E)Partoftheshifthastodowiththenormalizingofgivingoutpersonalinformationonline.Allittakesisoneclickofthepurchasebuttonbeforeconsumersstarttofeelmorecomfortableusingtheircredit-cardinformationonline,Davissays.Nowsomeconsumershavesomuchtrustthattheyallowretailerstosavetheircredit-cardandshippinginformation,whichhasgivenrisetoapainlesscheckoutprocess.F)Andpartofithadtodowithmakingtheonlineexperiencemorelikeanin-storeshoppingtrip.Manysitesgearedthemselvestowardconsumerswholiketotrybeforetheybuy.WhileWebshopperstechnicallyhavetobuytheitemfirst,sitessuchasZappos,whichspecializesinshoes,andPiperlime,whichsellsclothesandaccessories,offerfreeshippingonreturns.Ifyoubuyit,tryitanddon’tlikeit,havingtoreturntheitemislessofaconcern.Otherstorestrytomakeiteasierforcustomerstogetthelookandfeelofproductwithoutactuallyhandlingthegoods.SearsandGapallowcustomerstozoom(拉近)wayinonproductstoexaminetheirmaterialandcolorupclose.OtherssuchasBed,Bath&BeyondandBuyfeatureproductvideosthatallowshopperstosee,forexample,agrill(烤架)cleanerinaction.AndthentherearesiteslikeOverstockthatcapitalizeonthegoodsphysicalstorescan'tsell.Beyonditsdiscounts,Overstockwinscustomerloyaltybymakingonlinedealswithflat-rateshippingof$2.95oneverythingfromearringstorefrigerators.G)Evenfamouslyresistantdesignersandluxuryretailersareputtinggoodsonline.AccordingtoBain&Co.'sluxury-goodsstudylastyear,whiletheluxury-goodsindustryoveralllost8%worldwidelastyear,luxurysalesonlinegrew20%.ThisSeptemberMarcJacobswillhavemorethanjustvideosofmodelswalkingontherunwayonhiswebsite.JacobswilljoinotherssuchasJimmyChoo,HugoBossandDonnaKaran,allofwhomsell,orwillsoonstartselling,productsthroughtheirwebsites.Theupside?Consumerswillsoonbeabletobuymanyhigh-endgoodswithoutenduringthebadserviceofadepartmentstoresalesclerk.H)AllofthisonlineshoppinghasgivenrisetoanewversionofoneofAmerica'sfavoriteholidays.CyberMondaywascoinedin2023torepresenttheboominonlinesalesthatcomestheMondayafterBlackFriday-thedayafterThanksgivingandthelargestshoppingdayoftheyear.ThoughCyberMondayhasneverovershadowedBlackFriday'ssales,customersaremorecomfortabledoingshoppingonlinethanever.83%ofconsumerssaytheyaremoreconfidentinmakingapurchasewhentheyhaveconductedresearchonlineasopposedtospeakingtoasalespersoninastore.I)Whileretailerswereinitiallyterrifiedofwhatbadreviewscoulddototheirbottomline,they'vesincewitnessedthepowerofacomplimentandembracedthepractice.Despiteinitialfears,saysCraigBerman,Amazon'svicepresidentofglobalcommunications,productreviewshaveonlyservedtoincreasetheircustomerloyalty."Ithelpedusbuildcustomertrust,"hesays."Itputusinaspecialplacewithcustomersinthattheycouldcometothesiteandgethonestandcomprehensive-andovertime,verysubstantial-firsthandknowledgefromothercustomers”.Bermansaysthecompanyhassomereviewerswhotakeonlineshoppingtoheart."Therearesomecustomerswhoareextraordinarilyproudofbeingoneofourtopreviewers---theytaketheirjobreallyseriously."SomeofAmazon'scustomersaregreedyreaderswhoconsiderittheirdutytoreviewoneortwobookseverysingleweek.Whilethecompanymayhavecomealongwayfromitsroots,thecompany'soriginalspecialtyhasnotbeenforgotten.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46.Intheearlytimeofonlineshopping,thegoodsthatyoudidn'thavetotouch,feelorsmellinordertobuysoldbest.47.WhenAmazonfirstbeganitsbusiness,theideaofsellingbooksonlinewascurious.48.Havingseenthepowerofcompliment,Amazon'svicepresidentbelievedthatproductreviewshelpAmazonbuildcustomertrust.49.Abouttwo-thirdsofAmericanInternetusershaveshoppedonlinelastyear.50.Overstockwinscustomerloyaltybychargingfixedfeesfordelivery.51.Manyvirtualstoresusevariousapproachestomakeonlineshoppingexperiencemorelikeanin-storeshoppingtrip.52.ItisAmazon'straditiontomakeoffice'sdesksoutofdoors.53.Despiteitsoveralldownwardtrendworldwide,theonlinesalesofluxurygoodsgrewtwentypercentlastyear.54.Theadvantageofonlineshoppingliesinpriceandselection.55.Mostconsumerswouldratherconductresearchonlinethanspeaktoasalespersoninastorewhenmakingapurchase.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha,singlelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Youmightthinkalittleglobalwarmingisgoodforfarming.Longer,warmergrowingseasonsandmorecarbondioxide(CO2)---whatplantwouldn'tlovethat?Theagriculturalindustrybasicallyagreesonthat.Butglobalwarning'seffectsonagriculturewouldactuallybequitecomplicated-andmostlynotforthebetterIt'struethatsomecropswillprosperonawarmerplanet,butthekeywordthereis"some."Accordingtoagovernmentreport,higherCO2levelsandlongergrowingseasonswillincreaseyieldsforfruitgrowersintheGreatLakesregion.ButmanymajorAmericancropsalreadyuseCO2soefficientlythatmoreofitprobablywon'tmakemuchdifferencetothem.Whatwillmakeadifferencearealltheotherthingswe'llhavemoreofastemperaturesrise-namelydroughts(干旱)，bugsandbigstorms.Moredroughtsmeanlowercropyields.MeltingsnowintheWesternU.S.willincreasewateravailabilityinspringbutdecreaseitinsummer,forcingfarmerstochangecroppingpractices.Asinsectsthateatcropsadapttheirmigrationpatternstoourwarmerclimate,farmerswillhavetoeitherusemoreinsecticideorplanthardiercrops.Farmersonbothcoastsarealreadystartingtoreapsomeofwhatthenation'sfossil-fueladdictionhassown.Cropsinthoseregionsrequireacertainnumberofcolderdays,or"winterchill"beforetheybreakdormancy(冬眠)andbeginflowering.Toofewcolddaysbreakstheplants'floweringschedulewhichinturnaffectspollination(授粉)andhurtsyield.So,givenhowmuchisatstakeforthem,howarefarmstatesworkingtoshapeclimatelegislation?Inresponsetoagriculturaldemands,theWaxman-MarkeybillfreestheagriculturalindustryfromCO2emissionlimitsandgivesupcontroloverwhatactivitiesguaranteecarbonoffsetcredittotheAgriculturalDepartment.Somefarmers-andsomefarmstatecongressionalleaders-havearguedthatbecauseplantsconvertCO2intooxygen,agriculturallandsstoremoreCO2thantheyemit.Thisisonlytheoreticallytrue.Whatwecansaywithcertaintyisthat,likemostbigindustries,farmingisfossil-fuelintensive-largequantitiesofCO2areemittedfromfarmequipmentsuchasirrigationpumpsandtractors.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。56.Undertheinfluenceofglobalwarming,theyieldsofAmericancropswill_____.A)begreatlyenhancedB)becertainlyreducedC)stillremainstableD)behardtopredict57."hardiercrops"(Line5,Para.3)aremostprobablycropsthat____.A)needlesswaterinsummerB)aremoreresistanttobugsC)arestrongenoughtostandevenbigstormsD)keepgrowingregardlessofglobalwarming58.Whatistheresultof"thenation'sfossil-fueladdiction"onbothcoasts?A)Plantsyielddecreasesduetoshortenedwinterchill.B)Plantsyieldwithoutdormancyandflowering.C)Cropsrequirelongerwinterchillthanbefore.D)Theyieldsarenolongerinfluencedbytheclimate.59.AccordingtotheWaxman-Markeybill,thefarmingindustry____.A)shouldincreaseitsconsumptionofCO2B)shouldcontrolitsCO2emissionwithinlimitsC)ismovingtowardsaCO2-freeindustryD)isallowedtoemitasmuchCO2asitproduces60.Theauthorismostlikelytoagreethatthefarmingindustry_______.A)consumesmoreCO2thanitemitsB)emitsmoreCO2thanitconsumesC)producesmanyfossilfuelsD)consumesmanyfossilfuelsPassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Risingcollegeselectivitydoesn'tmeanthatstudentsaresmarterandmoreseriousthaninthepast.It'safunctionofexcessdemandforhighereducation,occurringatatimeofincreasedfinancialprivatizationoftheindustry.Therecessionhasonlyincreaseddemand.Thevastmajorityofstudentsaren'tgoingtocollegebecauseofathirstforknowledge.They'retherebecausetheyneedajob,andtheyneedtogetthecredentials(證書)---and,onehopes,theknowledgeandskillsbehindthecredentials-thatwillgetthemintothelabormarketAshighereducationhasbecomeaseller'smarket,theinstitutionsinapositiontodosoaredoingwhatcomesnaturally:raisingtheirtuitions,andtheiradmissionsrequirements,butattheexpenseofcontributingtothenationalgoaltoincreasecollegeattainment.TheresultisthattheUnitedStatesislosinggroundintheinternationalraceforeducationaltalent.Theincreasingstratification(階層化)ofhighereducationishappeningonthespendingside,aswell.Astheselectiveinstitutionshavebecomemoreexpensiveandlessattainable,theresthavehadtostrugglewiththeresponsibilitytoenrollmorestudentswithoutbeingpaidtodoso.Gapsbetweenrichandpoorhavegrownevenmoredramaticallythangapsinenteringtestscores.Whilespen