2022-2023年浙江省衢州市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題(含答案)

2022-2023年浙江省衢州市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

In2001,R-ratedfilmsaccountedforthemajorityofHollywoodfilmsbecausebothdomesticandforeignmarketswereinfavorofactionmovies.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Youcanseethesnowballingeffectbothinan_________________economyanda_________________economy.

3.

Theexpression"cross-genderconversations"(Paragraph5)means______.

4.

TherearefewervoicecallsinNewYorkinthedaysaftertheattack.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Officesinthefuturetendtolookdifferentandservedifferentpurposes;theywillmostlikelybedesignedto______.

6.Anincreasingpercentageoftheoldpopulationmaypartlyincrease______.

7.

WhichyearisthefewestinviolationoffederalsmogstandardsinLosAngeles?

A.1976B.1979C.1990D.2004

8.

Smokersandpeoplewhoneversmokewillnotbeoverweight.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.Organicagriculturecontributestoslowingdowntheglobaltemperatureincreasethroughitsabilityto______.

10.Tsunami

UpuntilDecemberof2004,thephenomenaoftsunamiwasnotonthemindsofmostoftheworld'spopulation.ThatchangedonthemorningofDecember24,2004whenanearthquakeofmomentmagnitude9.1occurredalongtheoceanictrenchoffthecoastofSumatrainIndonesia.Thislargeearthquakeresultedinverticaldisplacementoftheseafloorandgeneratedatsunamithateventuallykilled280,000peopleandaffectedthelivesofseveralmillionpeople.Althoughpeoplelivingonthecoastlineneartheepicenteroftheearthquakehadlittletimeorwarningoftheapproachingtsunami,thoselivingfartherawayalongthecoastsofThailand,SriLanka,India,andEastAfricahadplentyoftimetomovetohighergroundtoescape.But,therewasnotsunamiwarningsysteminplaceintheIndianOcean,andalthoughothertsunamiwarningcentersattemptedtoprovideawarning,therewasnoeffectivecommunicationsysteminplace.Unfortunately,ithastakenadisasterofgreatmagnitudetopointoutthefailingsoftheworld'sscientificcommunityandtoeducatealmosteverypersonontheplanetabouttsunami.

HowTsunamisAreGenerated

ThereisanaverageoftwodestructivetsunamisperyearinthePacificbasin.Pacificwidetsunamisareararephenomenon,occurringevery10-12yearsontheaverage.Mostofthesetsunamisaregeneratedbyearthquakesthatcausedisplacementoftheseafloor.

Earthquakescausetsunamibycausingadisturbanceoftheseafloor.Thus,earthquakesthatoccuralongcoastlinesoranywherebeneaththeoceanscangeneratetsunami.Thesizeofthetsunamiisusuallyrelatedtothesizeoftheearthquake,withlargertsunamigeneratedbylargerearthquakes.Butthesenseofdisplacementisalsoimportant.Tsunamisaregenerallyonlyformedwhenanearthquakecausesverticaldisplacementoftheseafloor.The1906earthquakenearSanFranciscoCaliforniahadaRichterMagnitudeofabout7.1,yetnotsunamiwasgeneratedbecausethemotiononthefault(斷層)wasstrike-slipmotionwithnoverticaldisplacement.Thus,tsunamionlyoccurifthefaultgeneratingtheearthquakehasnormalorreversedisplacement.Becauseofthis,mosttsunamisaregeneratedbyearthquakesthatoccuralongthesubductionboundariesofplates,alongtheoceanictrenches.SincethePacificOceanissurroundedbyplateboundariesofthistype,tsunamisarefrequentlygeneratedbyearthquakesaroundthemarginsofthePacificOcean.

ExamplesofTsunamiGeneratedbyEarthquakes

May22,1960-Amomentmagnitude9.5earthquakeoccurredalongthesubductionzoneoffSouthAmerica.BecausethepopulationofChileisfamiliarwithearthquakesandpotentialtsunami,mostpeoplealongthecoastmovedtohigherground.15minutesaftertheearthquake,atsunamiwitharun-upof4.5mhitthecoast.Thefirstwavethenretreated,draggingbrokenhousesandboatsbackintotheocean.Manypeoplesawthissmoothretreatoftheseaasasigntheycouldridetheirboatsouttoseaandrecoversomeofthepropertysweptaway,bythefirstwave.But,about1hourlater,thesecondwavetravelingatavelocityof166km/hrcrashedinwitharun-upof8m.Thiswavecrushedboatsalongthecoastanddestroyedcoastalbuildings.Thiswasfollowedbyathirdwavetravelingatonly83km/hrthatcrashedinlaterwitharun-upof11m,destroyingallthatwasleftofcoastalvillages.Theresultingcausalitieslisted909deadwith834missing.InHawaii,atsunamiwarningsystemwasinplaceandthetsunamiwasexpectedtoarriveat9:57AM.Ithitat9:58AMand61peopledied,mostlysightseersthatwantedtowatchthewaverollinatcloserange(obviouslytheyweretooclose).ThetsunamicontinuedacrossthePacificOcean,eventuallyreachingJapanwhereitkilledanadditional185people.

PredictionandEarlyWarning

Forareaslocatedat

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Learningaboutacountry'scultureisashowofrespectandisalwaysdeeplyappreciated.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Wehavearequestofalargevehiclewhichcanautomaticallymovepeoplefromonelocationtoanothertomeetthedemandof______.

13.Topreventanemployee'spossiblevengefulbehaviours,Ms.Edwardsadvicestheemployerto

A.showrespectwhenlayingofftheemployee

B.restraintheemployee'sbehaviours

C.orderthesecuritytodrivetheemployeeaway

D.threatentotaketheemployeetocourt

14.LynnJosephsuggeststhatbeforeconsideringthejobresearch,thedownsizedshouldfirst

A.modifytheirresumetomakeitmoreattractive

B.trytogetsomereemploymenttraining

C.seekhelpfromprofessionalcareercounselors

D.getoverthehurttotheirfeelingscausedbythelayoff

15.

PizzaHut'smarketsharehasslowlybecomesmallbecauseof______since1996.

A.intensecompetitionfromtheirrivals

B.depression

C.nodiversification

D.nothavingcompetitiveadvantages

16.

Remarriagesarenotlikelytobreakupwhentherearenostepchildren.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Survey-Feedback-Action,whichoffersastatisticalmeasurementofbothemployeesatisfactionandsubordinates'opinionsofmanagement'sleadershipperformance,iscarriedout______.

18.ObesityEpidemic

Askanyonewhythereisanobesityepidemicandtheywillsaythatit'salldowntoeatingtoomuchandburningtoofewcalories.Thatisundoubtedlytrue.Butit'salsotruethatweliveinan"obesogenic(肥胖基因的)environment":calorificfoodisplentifulandcheapandourlifestylesareincreasinglysedentary.

Now,obesityresearchersareincreasinglydissatisfiedwithsuchexplanations.Theybelievethatsomethingelsemusthavechangedinourenvironmenttocausesuchdramaticrisesinobesityoverthepast40yearsorso.Nobodyissayingthatthe"bigtwo"--reducedphysicalactivityandincreasedavailabilityoffood--arenotimportantcontributorstotheepidemic.Buttheycannotexplainitall.

Earlierthisyearareviewpaperby20obesityexpertssetoutthe9mostplausiblealternativeexplanationsfortheepidemic.Heretheyare.

NotEnoughSleep

Itiswidelybelievedthatsleepisforthebrain,notthebody.Couldashortageofshut-eyealsobehelpingtomakeusfat?

Severallargeepidemiologicalstudiessuggesttheremaybealink.Peoplewhosleeplessthan7hoursanighttendtohaveahigherbodymassindex(BMI)thanpeoplewhosleepmore,accordingtodatagatheredbytheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey.Similarly,theUSNursesHealthStudyfoundthatthosewhosleptanaverageof5hoursanightgainedmoreweightduringthestudyperiodthanthosewhoslept6hours,whointurngainedmorethanthosewhoslept7.

It'swellknownthatobesityimpairssleep,soperhapspeoplegetfatfirstandsleeplessafterwards.Butthenurses'studysuggeststhatitcanworkintheotherdirectiontoo:sleeplossmaycauseweightgain.Onefactorthatcouldbeatworkhereisthewaysleepdeprivationaltersmetabolism(新陳代謝).Leptin,thehormonethatsignalssatiety(過飽),fallswhileghrelin,whichsignalshunger,rises--andthisboostsappetite.

ClimateControl

Wehumans,likeallwarm-bloodedanimals,cankeepourcorebodytemperaturesprettymuchconstantregardlessofwhat'sgoingonintheworldaroundus.Wedothisbyalteringourmetabolicrate,shiveringorsweating.Keepingwarmandstayingcooltakeenergy.

There'snodenyingthatsurroundingtemperatureshavechangedinthepastfewdecades.IntheUS,thechangeshavebeenattheotherendofthethermometerastheproportionofhomeswithairconditioningrosefrom23to47percentbetween1978and1997.Inthesouthernstates--whereobesityratestendtobehighest--thenumberofhouseswithairconhasshotupto70percentfrom37percentin1978.

Couldairconditioninginsummerandheatinginwinterreallymakeadifferencetoourweight?Sadly,thereissomeevidencethatitdoes--atleastwithregardtoheating.

LessSmoking

Badnews:smokersreallydotendtobethinnerthantherestofus,andquittingreallydoespackonthepounds,thoughnooneissurewhy.Itprobablyhassomethingtodowiththefactthatnicotineisanappetitesuppressantandappearstoupyourmetabolicrate.

KatherineFlegalandcolleaguesattheUSNationalCenterforHealthStatisticsinHyattsville,Maryland,havecalculatedthatpeoplekickingthehabithavebeenresponsibleforasmallbutsignificantportionoftheUSepidemicoffatness.Fromdatacollectedaround1991bytheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey,theyworkedoutthatpeoplewhohadquitinthepreviousdecadewere-muchmorelikelytobeoverweightthansmokersandpeoplewhohadneversmoked.Amongmen,forexample,nearlyhalfofquitterswereOverweightcomparedwith37percentofnonsmokersandonly28percentofsmokers.

PrenatalEffects

Yourchancesofbecomingfatmaybeset,atleastinpart,beforeyouareevenborn.Childrenof

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Formanypeople,thebiggestchallengeintheworkplacewouldbeinteractingefficientlywithothers.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Beforeaseniorexecutiveofficerretiredfromhiscompany,hehasanobligationto______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B6】

22.(29)

A.Whentheyfirstarriveataprison.

B.Whentheyareleavingtheprison.

C.Whentheybehavethemselves.

D.Whentheybreaktherules.

23.(36)

A.Dead.B.Worse.C.Better.D.Unclear.

24.(25)

A.Becausetheywanttomaketheattendantsworkfaster.

B.Becausetheythinkfastmusiccanmakepeopleeatmore.

C.Becausehamburgerswillbecomemorepopularbythisway.

D.Becausetheyhopecustomerswillspendlesstimeoneatingthanbefore.

25.(31)

A.It'sonehalfasmuchas1976.

B.It'stwiceasmuchas1976.

C.It'sclosetothesame.

D.It'stwo-thirdsasmuchas1976.

26.(32)

A.Tohelpcareeristsandworkaholicsmovetocomprehensivedevelopment.

B.Tourgecareeristsandworkaholicstoworkharder.

C.Tocombinecareerists'andworkaholics'worktogether.

D.Toalarmcareeristsandworkaholics.

27.聽力原文：M:Comein．Rose．Coffee?

W:Thankyou．Jack．

M:HowaboutthevisitbythedelegationfromPoland?

W:Well．Istilldon'tgetit．Doweknowwhentheyarecoming?

M:Weofferedthem3choices．TheendofMarch,themiddleofAprilandthebeginningofMay．

W:Yeah．

M:Andtheychosetheearliestone,whichisgoodbecauseweareratherbusyinMay．

W:True.Butwedoneeddefinitedatesoftheircomingandhowmanyarecoming.Thereweresixofthemlasttime.Didtheysayeightthistime?Myassistantneedstomakeafirmbookingfortheiraccommodationsnow.Otherwiseitwillbeverydifficulttofindahotel.

M:Youareright.Theysaidsixtoeightoriginally,butwegotanE-mailthismorning,sayingitisgoingtoheseven.Nowwe'vegotthedefinitenumber,wecanmakealltheotherbookingsforthem.

W:Good.Thatgivesuseightweeksuntiltheycome.

M:Right.Herearemysuggestionsfortheirschedule.Theywillbewiththeuniversityforfivedays.Onthefirstday,Ithinktheyshouldvisitourcampus.Theseconddaywecanshowthemaroundthedowntown.Thiswillgivethemageneralpictureofthechangesintoday'sChina.Andthelastthreedaysarefordiscussionandseminars.

W:OK.Doweneedtoinvitesomeotherfamousprofessorsfromotheruniversities?

M:That'sagoodidea.Butnomorethanfiveareneeded.

W:Right.Iwillarrangethat.

(23)

A.AttheendofMarch.

B.InthemiddleofApril.

C.AtthebeginningofMay.

D.AttheendofMay.

28.聽力原文：Weallscreamforwaterwhenthirsty.Butdoyouknowthatinveryhotdryweather,plantsalsomakefaintsoundsasiftheyamcryingoutforhelp?Yousee,inaplant'sstem,therearehundredsofwaterpipesthatbringwaterandmineralsfromthesoilallthewayuptotheleaves.Asthegroundturnsdry,itbecomesharderandharderfortheplantstodothis.Inseveredroughts,plantshavetofighttopulloutanywateravailable.ScientistRobertWinterhasfoundoutthatwhenitisreallybad,theirwaterpipessnapfromthetensionlikerubberbands.Whenthathappens,thewholeplantvibratesalittle.Thesnappingpipesmakenoisestenthousandtimesmorequietthanawhisper.

Robertknowsthathealthywell-wateredplantsarequiet.Healsoknowsthatmanyinsectspreferaattackingdryplantsratherthanhealthyplants.Howdotheinsectsknowwhicharehealthyplantsandwhicharenot?Robertthinksthattheinsectsmaylistenfortheplantsthatcry,andthentheymaybuzzinmkill.Totesthistheory,Robertisusingadevicethatcanimitateplantcries.Heattachesittoaquiethealthyplantsothattheplantsoundsthirsty.Thenhewatchestheinsectstoseefftheyattackmoreoftenthanusual.Ifheisfight,scientistscouldusetheinsects'abilityagainstthem.Theycouldbuildtrapsthatimitatecryingplants,sothatwhentheinsectsbuzzintoeat,theywon'tbuzzout.

(30)

A.Theygiveoutfaintcries.

B.Theymakenoisestodriveawayinsects.

C.Theyextendtheirwaterpipes.

D.Theybecomeelasticlikerubberbands.

29.聽力原文：Wehavemettheenemy,andheisours.Weboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkey-pox,adiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwest,it'shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishoming

inonhumanbeings."Mostoftheinfectionswethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimals,"saysStephenMorse,directoroftheCenterforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity.

It'snotjustthatwe'regoingtowheretheanimalsare;we'realsobringingthemclosertous.Popularforeignpetshavebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountry.AstrangeillnesskilledIsaksen'spets,andshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea."Idon'tthinkit'sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem,"saysIsaksen.

"Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,"saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbugmaybekindatfirst.Butsomestrainsmaybecomeharmful.Monkey-poxdoesn'tlooklikeamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.Whatdowelearnaboutthepetsoldattheshop?

34.WhydidIsaksenadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?

35.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestwemayhavetodointhefuture?

(30)

A.ItmaycomefromColumbia.

B.Itmaysufferfrommonkey-pox.

C.Itmayenjoybeingwithchildren.

D.Itmaypreventusfrombeinginfected.

30.

【B9】

31.(40)

32.聽力原文：M:Look!Thesunisshining.There'snowind,onlyapleasantbreeze.It'slovely.Let'sgoandtakeawalkinthepark.

W:Lookatthesky.Don'tyouthinkthere'sgoingtobeastorm?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(14)

A.Shewillnotgotothepark.

B.Shewillgotothepark.

C.Shelikestotakeawalk.

D.Sheistootiredtotakeawalk.

33.(42)

34.聽力原文：W:SoyouknowwhattheWhiteLaneLawis?

M:IntheUnitedStates,eachstatehasalawthatsaysblindpeopleusingcanesordogshavethesamerightsofpublicaccessasthesighted.

W:Whatdoesitmean,then?

M:Itmeansthatblindpeoplecantaketheircanesanddogsintopublicbuildings,offices,restaurants,theaters,amusementparks,onhouses,trains,planesandotherpublicplaces.TheselawswereestablishedfromtheworkoftheUSNationalFederationoftheBlindtomakesurethatblindpeoplehavethesamerightsaseveryoneelse.

W:Whydosomeblindpeopleusedogsandothersusecanes?

M:itissimplyamatterofpersonalchoice.Someblindpeoplelikeusingcanesbetter,andsomeenjoyusingdogs.

W:ShouldIhelpablindpersonacrossthestreet?

M:Ifablindpersonasksforhelp,thenyoumaycertainlyhelp.Youcanaskifanyhelpisneeded,butunderstandthattheanswermaybe"no",Blindpeople,iftheyhavelearnedtouseacaneordogandtravelindependently,maynotneedhelp.Itisimportantnottograbsomeonewhoisblind.Ifablindpersonwantshelp,heorshemaytakeyourarm,orsimplywalkbesideyou.Someblindpersonsmayhaveahardertimehearingthecarsandtraffic,especiallyifthereisconstructionoralotofnoisearoundthearea.Thentheymightwanthelpthattheymightnotneedatothertimes.

W:ShouldIhelpablindpersontoachair?

M:Thesamerulesapplyhere.Someblindpeoplewillappreciatehelpinlocatingachair,butsomecanfindchairs,tables,anddesksontheirown.Sometimesablindpersonmayaskwherethechairsortablesare,thengotothemonhisorherown.

(20)

A.Tomakesurethatblindpeoplehavethesamerightsaseveryoneelse.

B.Toprovidetheblindwithawhitelaneforcrossastreet.

C.Toencouragepeopletovolunteertohelptheblind.

D.Todrawattentiontotheblindwithacaneoradogincrossingthestreet.

35.(21)

A.Campingisunsafe.

B.Campingisn'tfun.

C.Heneedsalotofexperience.

D.Hecancampanywherehewanted.

36.聽力原文：M:GeorgeisgoingtoworkinNewYorkforthesummer.

W:Canhedothatandgotosummerschool?

Q:WhatdoesthewomanprobablyimplyaboutGeorge?

(17)

A.He'steachingschoolthissummer.

B.He'sworkinghardsothathecanaffordtogotoNewYork.

C.Hemayhavedifficultyworkingandstudyingatthesametime.

D.Hedecidednottoattendsummerschool.

37.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Afewyearsagoitwas【B1】______tospeakofagenerationgap,adivisionbetweenyoungpeopleandtheirelders.Parents【B2】______thatchildrendidnotshowthemproperrespectand【B3】______,whilechildrencomplainedthattheirparentsdidnotunderstandthematall.Whathadgonewrong?Whyhadthegenerationgapsuddenlyappeared?【B4】______thegenerationgaphasbeenaroundforalongtime.Many【B5】______arguethatitisbuiltintothefabricofoursociety.

Oneimportantcauseofthegenerationgapisthe【B6】______thatyoungpeoplehavetochoosetheirownlifestyles.Inmore【B7】______societies,whenchildrengrowup,theyareexpectedtoliveinthesameareaastheirparents,tomarrypeoplethattheirparentsknowand【B8】______of,andoftentocontinuethefamilyoccupation.Inoursociety,youngpeopleoftentravelgreatdistancesfortheireducation,moveoutofthefamilyhomeatanearlyage,marryorlivewith【B9】______.

Inourupwardlymobilesociety,parentsoftenexpecttheirchildrentodobetterthantheydid:tofindbetterjobs,tomakemoremoney,andtodoallthethingsthattheywereunabletodo.Often,however,【B10】______.Often,theydiscoverthattheyhaveverylittleincommonwitheachother.

Finally,thespeedatwhichchangestakeplaceinoursocietyisanothercauseofthegapbetweenthegenerations.Inatraditionalculture,【B11】______.Theyoungandtheoldseemtoliveintwoverydifferentworlds,separatedbydifferentskillsandabilities.

【B1】

38.聽力原文：W:Michael,didyougotothelectureontheFrenchRevolutionlastnight?Ihaveneverheardsuchaninterestinghistorylecturebefore.

M:Yes,wasn'titmarvelous!Itissaidthelecturerisaself-taughtmanwithnouniversityeducation.ButIthinkheismuchbetterthanmanyofourprofessors!

Q:Whatdidthemanthinkofthelecture?

(13)

A.Itwasmisleading.

B.Itwasratherboring.

C.Itwasenjoyable.

D.Itwasjustso-so.

39.聽力原文：Objectsthatarevibratingmakesounds．Rhythmicsoundvibrationsproducesoundwaveswhichtravelineverydirection．Thefrequencyofasoundisthenumberofwavesthatpassagivenpointeachsecond．Themorerapidlyanobjectvibrates，thegreaterthefrequencyofsounditmakes．Frequencyismeasuredinhertz．Onehertzequalsonesoundwavepersecond．Thefrequencyofsounddeterminesthedegreeofhighnessorlownessofthesound．Ahigh-pitchedsoundhasahigherfrequencythanalow-pitchedsound．Humanshearsoundsthathavefrequenciesfromabout20hertzto20,000hertz。Soundwithafrequencyhigherthan20,000hertziscalledultrasoundwhichistoohigh-pitchedforhumanstohear．However，manyanimalscanhearultra-sound．Batscanhearhighersoundsthananyotheranimal．Somecanhearupto210,000hertz．Batssendoutlotsofhigh-pitchedsqueaksandthenlistentotheechoesbouncingoffthingslikeinsects．Theshorterthetimeintervalbetweenthesqueakandtheecho，theclosertheyaretotheinsect．Usingsoundtofindor“see”thingsiscalledecholocation．Anotheranimalthatusesultrasoundisthedolphin．Dolphinscanhearsoundsuptoabout150,000hertz．Dolphinsusesoundwavestofindfoodunderwater．Theymakeclickingsoundsthathitwhateverisaroundthemandthenbouncehacktothedolphins．Dolphinscansendasmanyas2,000clickspersecond．Dolphins'ultrasoundabilityissosensitivethattheycandetectsmallfishfrom10feetaway．

(30)

A.Thequickeritvibrates,thegreaterthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

B.Thesloweritvibrates,thehigherthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

C.Thequickeritvibrates,thelowerthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

D.Thefrequencyofsounditproducesisnotinproportiontothespeeditvibrates.

40.

【B10】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames,______.

A.onlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames

B.allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart

C.allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteinGames

D.allmaleGreekswarequalifiedtocompeteintheGames

42.

Accordingtotheauthor,thefollowingmaymakecitypeopleunhappyEXCEPT______.

A.housingconditions

B.lackofcommunication

C.asenseofisolation

D.aseriousgenerationgap

43.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Ourlevelofhappinessthroughoutlifeisstronglyinfluencedbythegeneswithwhichwewereborn,sayexperts.AnEdinburghUniversitystudyofidenticalandnon-identicaltwinssuggestsgenesmaycontrolhalfthepersonalitytraitskeepingushappy.Theotherhalfislinkedtolifestyle,careerandrelationships.However,anotherexpertsaiddespitetheresearchinthejournalPsychologicalScience,wecanstilltrainourselvestobemorecontent.

Psychologistshavedevelopedseveralmethodstoassessaperson'spersonalitytype—andeventheirlevelofhappiness.TheEdinburghstudy,inconjunctionwithresearchersattheInstituteforMedicalResearchinQueensland,Australia,lookedatresultsfrom900pairsoftwins.

Theideabehindtwinstudiesisthat,becauseidenticaltwinsaregeneticallyexactlythesame,whilefraternal(異卵的)twinsarenot,itispossible,bycomparingtheresultsfromthetwogroups,tocalculatehowstronglyinfluencedaparticulartraitisbygenetics.Inthiscase,theresearcherslookedforpeoplewhotendednottoworry,andwhoweresociableandconscientious.Allthreeoftheseseparatecharacteristicshavebeenlinkedbyotherresearchtoanoverallsenseofhappinessorwell-being.Thedifferencesbetweentheresultsfromtheidenticalandfraternaltwinssuggestedthatthesetraitswereinfluencedupto50%bygeneticfactors.

DrAlexanderWeiss,fromEdinburgh'sSchoolofPhilosophy,PsychologyandLanguageSciences,wholedtheresearch,said:"Togetherwithlifeandliberty,thepursuitofhappinessisacorehumandesire.Althoughhappinessissubjecttoawiderangeofexternalinfluences,wehavefoundthereisaheritablecomponentofhappinesswhichcanbeentirelyexplainedbygeneticarchitectureofpersonality."

Thescienceofhappinessisagrowingfield,withdemandfromboththepublicandindustryforinsightsintoemotionalwell-being.TheCentreforAppliedPositivePsychologypromotesresearchintotechniquesforboostingpersonalcontentment.DrAlexLinley,fromtheCentre,saidthateventhoughotherstudiessupportedthegeneticargument,itwaswrongforanyonetothinkthatnaturehaddealtthemafixedhandinhappinessterms.Hesaid:"Whatitmeansisthat,ratherthanasinglepoint,peoplehavearangeofpossiblelevelsofhappiness—anditisperfectlypossibletoinfluencethiswithtechniquesthatareempiricallyproventowork.Simplethings,likelistingyourstrengthsandusingtheminnewwayseveryday,orkeepingajournalwhereyouwritedown,everynight,threethingsthatyouaregratefulfor,havebeenshowntodeliverimprovements."

AccordingtotheEdinburghUniversitystudy,inadditiontogenes,ourhappinessisdeterminedby______.

44.Obviously,theboysinJonesboroandChicagodonothaveany

45.AccordingtoKraus,thesignificanceofidentifyingthelinkbetweenmusicandbrainisthat

A.musictrainingcanbeawaytoenhancepoorhearing

B.singingcanbeusedtotreatpeoplewithlanguagedisorders

C.inten