英語(yǔ)作文預(yù)測(cè)-看圖作文

英語(yǔ)作文預(yù)測(cè)——看圖作文PartI.看圖作文的分類&典型提綱PartII看圖作文的解題步驟PartIII看圖作文的解題思路（三段論）1.Introduction2.Body3.ConclusionPartI.看圖作文——圖畫(huà)作文分類：圖畫(huà)作文可分為圖片、漫畫(huà)與照片等多種。特點(diǎn)：圖畫(huà)作文總體上比圖表作文的結(jié)構(gòu)變化多，更為靈活，因此難度也更大。圖畫(huà)類作文提綱1)describethedrawingbriefly；2)explainitsintendedmeaning；3)giveyourcommentsPartII看圖作文解題步驟1.認(rèn)真審題（把握?qǐng)D中提示語(yǔ)，附文,對(duì)比、類似等細(xì)節(jié)，準(zhǔn)確把握出題者意圖）2.列出提綱(已給），整理基本的框架3.開(kāi)始落筆寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，要注意如下幾點(diǎn)：突出重點(diǎn)用詞準(zhǔn)確（語(yǔ)法、詞匯、語(yǔ)氣、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等）字?jǐn)?shù)要達(dá)標(biāo)PartIII看圖作文思路寫(xiě)作三段論Introduction——圖畫(huà)描述段，引言段，起始段Body———主體/拓展段,意義闡釋段（積極寓意類，消極寓意類）Conclusion——結(jié)論段，建議措施段第一段：圖畫(huà)描述段的寫(xiě)法三至四句(50-55詞)：1.Generaldescription：套話+總體描述尋找出圖畫(huà)的中心事物，確定中心事物的位置，從動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)兩方面來(lái)描述畫(huà)面中的中心事物；2.Details：挖掘細(xì)節(jié)詞，聯(lián)結(jié)成句尋找中心事物周?chē)嚓P(guān)的事物，并進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的描述(細(xì)節(jié)描述）3.Caption：文字說(shuō)明+段尾套話過(guò)渡若圖畫(huà)下方有caption，可將其翻譯為英語(yǔ)。段落寫(xiě)作—描述段寫(xiě)法Writeanessayof120-180wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and，3)giveyourcomments確定關(guān)鍵詞火鍋Hotpot文化元素Culturalelements/ingredients/terms文化名人Culturalcelebrity提示語(yǔ)的翻譯文化“火鍋”，既美味又營(yíng)養(yǎng)Thecaptionreads,“Cultural‘hotpot’isbothdeliciousandnutritious”連詞成句宏觀概述+細(xì)節(jié)描述一個(gè)大大的火鍋，火鍋里有很多東西方文化元素的名字，比如：莎士比亞、孔子、京劇、天鵝湖等。Thereisahotpotinthepicture.Inthehotpotwecanseemanyculturalterms,suchas….(改善表達(dá)）Inthepicturestandsahotpot,whichcontainsavarietyofculturalelementsofbothwesternandeasternbackground,suchasShakespeare,Confucius,BeijingOpera,SwanLakeandsoon.（宏觀概述）Inthepictureaboveis/standsalargehotpot,（細(xì)節(jié)描述)whichcontainsavarietyof/variousculturalterms/ingredients/elementsofbothwesternandeasternbackground,suchasShakespeare,Confucius,BeijingOpera,SwanLakeandsoon.（提示語(yǔ)翻譯）Thecaptionreads,“Cultural‘hotpot’isbothdeliciousandnutritious”.結(jié)尾套話)Simpleastheimageseemstobe,theimpliedmeaninggoesfardeeper.描述段寫(xiě)作套路與表達(dá)圖畫(huà)描述段首套話①Whatacompellingandthought-provokingdrawingitis!Howinterestingandenlighteningitis!Thisisaverythought-provokingpicture.Thisisquiteanextraordinaryandmeaningfulpicture.Thecartoonrevealsaverythought-provokingscene.Thepicturedescribesanincreasinglycommonphenomenonintoday’sworld.圖畫(huà)描述套話②--半套+描述1（圖畫(huà)總述）Asisvividlydepictedinthecartoonabove,…（圖畫(huà)總述）Asisshown/describedinthepicturesabove,wecanseeclearlythat…Whatisclearlyillustrated/presented/describedinthedrawingaboveisthat…Itissymbolically/vividlydemonstratedinthedrawingthat…Itisaveryalarmingcartoon,inwhich…圖畫(huà)描述套話③--半套+細(xì)節(jié)描述（重點(diǎn)信息）Whatimpressesmemostisthat（圖畫(huà)重點(diǎn)信息）.Themoststrikingfeatureofthedrawingis(thefact)that…圖畫(huà)描述段尾套話④(承上啟下/總結(jié))Simpleastheimageseemstobe,theimpliedmeaninggoesfardeeper.Uncomplicatedasthepictureis,thesymbolicmeaningisasdeepasocean.Simplydesignedasthepicturesare,thesymbolicmeaningtheyconveyisratherdeepandprofound.Thereisnodoubtthatitssymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedshouldbegivendeepconsideration.第一段的思路：

①段首套話→②半套+描述1(宏觀概述)→③半套+描述2(細(xì)節(jié)重點(diǎn)，提示語(yǔ))→④段尾套話①Whatacompellingandthought-provokingdrawingitis!②Asisvividlydepictedinthecartoonabove,描述1（圖畫(huà)概述）.③Whatimpressesmemostisthat(=Themoststrikingfeatureofthedrawingisthat)描述2（圖畫(huà)重點(diǎn)信息）.④Simpleastheimageis,thesymbolicmeaningisratherdeepandprofound.第二段：Body主體/意義闡釋段/拓展段五至六句(80-90詞)：1.Topicsentence:主題句，1句該句說(shuō)明圖畫(huà)的象征意義(symbolicmeanings)，即闡釋圖畫(huà)的深層寓意。此句為文章的中心思想，也是第二段的主題句，承上啟下。2.Arguments：論證，3-4句常用手段：因果論證；對(duì)比論證；例證；利弊分析等3.Summary：小結(jié)，1句對(duì)論證的句子進(jìn)行總結(jié)，與本段主題句首尾呼應(yīng)。Topicsentence主題句(中心句）的寫(xiě)法在圖畫(huà)背后或“隱藏”在火鍋里的含義顯而易見(jiàn)：全球文化融合的趨勢(shì)。Whatliesbehindthepicture,or“buried”inthehotpot,isclear:itimpliesaprevailingtrend--theintegrationofglobalculturesandtheco-existenceofmulti-cultures.中心句子套話Thepictureshavesubtlyreflectedthesocialphenomenonthat…Theideaconveyedbythethought-provokingdrawingisapparent:Itisapparentthatthecartoonistaimsatremindingusoftheimportanceof...inourdailylife.Thepurposeofthedraweristoshowusthat…Undoubtedly,thedrawinghassymbolicallyrevealedaseriousprobleminourdailylife:Argument論證部分的寫(xiě)法思路

A談背景

B擺事實(shí)

C駁觀點(diǎn)（欲揚(yáng)先抑）

D講原因

E論后果（利弊）

主要手段1.因果分析論證；2.舉例論證；3.利弊分析……1.原因分析1）五至六句(80-90詞)：第一句說(shuō)明寓意(承上啟下)后；第二句說(shuō)明原因如下；第三四句一個(gè)原因及擴(kuò)展；第五六句一個(gè)原因及擴(kuò)展。具體化——切忌以理說(shuō)理。2）常見(jiàn)原因——法律法規(guī)不完善、教育體制不健全、個(gè)人意識(shí)較薄弱(選一，原創(chuàng)一)常見(jiàn)原因Thelackofseriouspunishmentaccordingtothelawsandregulationsisthecorereasonof…,whichprovidesthechancesforpeopletodothemisdeeds/wrongdoings.People’sawarenessisnotthatstrongin…,whichisdecisivetothephenomenon.Thedistorted/insufficient/inadequateeducationmayleadtothepervasivenessof…原因擴(kuò)展方式（1）舉例論證Forexample,forinstance,take…forexample,…providesanillustration.（2）數(shù)據(jù)論證Asisshowninthestatisticsofarecentsurveylaunchedbyanon-profitinstitution,theincrease/declineof…issoprominentthattheresultscausedbyitmaybeconcludedasfollows.原因擴(kuò)展方式（1）舉例論證Forexample,forinstance,take…forexample,…providesanillustration.（2）數(shù)據(jù)論證Asisshowninthestatisticsofarecentsurveylaunchedbyanon-profitinstitution,theincrease/declineof…issoprominentthattheresultscausedbyitmaybeconcludedasfollows.原因分析常用過(guò)渡句：Thefollowingreasonsmayberesponsibleforthemeaningdeducedabove.Therearetwomainreasonsaccountingforthesymbolicmeaning.Severalfactors,bothindividualandsocial,couldcontributetothenegativephenomenon.Thereasonforthephenomenonmaybecomplicated,butwecan,toalargeextent,attribute/ascribeittothefollowinginterrelatedfactors.2.舉例論證1）五至六句(80-90詞)：第一句說(shuō)明寓意(承上啟下)后；第二句說(shuō)明如下事例可以證明；第三四句一個(gè)事例及擴(kuò)展；第五六句另一個(gè)擴(kuò)展。2）注意事項(xiàng)——切忌例子私人化。3）擴(kuò)展方式——數(shù)據(jù)論證、借用常識(shí)、引用權(quán)威、因果論證、比較論證舉例論證常用過(guò)渡句：Abundantofexampleswoulddemonstratethephenomenon,whilethefollowingone,Isuppose,wouldsuffice.Hereisanexample.Take…foranexample/instance.…isagoodcaseinpoint…(短語(yǔ)/that主語(yǔ)從句)providesuswithanexcellentexample.Eg.Teenagerssurfingonlineprovidesuswithanexcellentexample.舉例論證常用過(guò)渡句：Abundantofexampleswoulddemonstratethephenomenon,whilethefollowingone,Isuppose,wouldsuffice.Hereisanexample.Take…foranexample/instance.…isagoodcaseinpoint…(短語(yǔ)/that主語(yǔ)從句)providesuswithanexcellentexample.Eg.Teenagerssurfingonlineprovidesuswithanexcellentexample.3.利弊論證積極中帶有消極，消極中暗含積極1）五至六句(80-90詞)：第一句說(shuō)明寓意(承上啟下)后；第二句說(shuō)明有利有弊；ontheonehand,第三四句一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)及擴(kuò)展；ontheotherhand,第五六句一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)及擴(kuò)展。2)擴(kuò)展方式---舉例/數(shù)據(jù)/權(quán)威/常識(shí)/結(jié)果(五種論證)利：表示影響好：influence①bringabouta(n)far-reachinginfluence/impacton②layasolidfoundationfor③playanirreplaceable（不可替代的）rolein思路一：Culturalhotpot1.圖畫(huà)寓意文化融合和文化的多樣性2.原因分析：兩個(gè)層次加以說(shuō)明a.世界的融合，任何一個(gè)國(guó)家不能孤立存在b.現(xiàn)代人的大包容度（中心句）Whatliesbehindthepictureisclear:itimpliesaprevailingtrend--theintegrationofglobalculturesandtheco-existenceofmulti-cultures.（原因分析）Thefollowingreasonsmayberesponsibleforthetrend.Tobeginwith,inthehighly-integratedworldtoday,nocountryisanisolatedisland.Everynationisfacedwithadiversityofforeigncultures,roaringtooverwhelmthedomesticcultureandChinaisnoexception.What’smore,alongwiththerapidadvancementofboththeworldeconomyandcommunication,thecustomofacultureismorelikelytobeacceptedandsharedbyotherones.Peoplecometoknowtheimportanceofinclusivenesstotheirownculture.Ifthissituationgoesasitis,theconsequencewillbeencouraging.思路二：Culturalhotpot1.圖畫(huà)寓意文化融合和文化的多樣性2.談背景

改革開(kāi)放政策3.擺事實(shí)，舉例論證（celebrateChristmas,theValentine’sDay)4.分析利/好處（中心句）Thepicturehassubtlyreflectedthephenomenonthatwearenowinanageofculturaldiversificationandintegration.（背景）WithChinaadoptingherpolicyofopeninguptotheoutsideworld,peoplehavebeenexposedtoadiversityofcultures.（擺事實(shí)）Ontheonehand,thishasmadepeople’slifecolorfulandentertaining.（舉例）Forinstance,wedonotonlycelebratetraditionalChinesefestivalsbutalsoenjoyourselvesonChristmas,theValentine’sDayandevenHalloween.（利）Ontheotherhand,thistrendhascontributedtotheall-sidedandsounddevelopmentofthenation’sculture.Asoundcultureshouldbediversifiedandembracing,sothatitcandrawuponvariousbeneficialfactors.三、Conclusion:結(jié)論段、建議措施段三至四句(50-55詞)：1+2+1總→分→總1.Concludingsentence:結(jié)論句，1句引出重復(fù)論點(diǎn)（總結(jié)歸納中心句）2.Suggestions：2句兩點(diǎn)建議或兩句評(píng)論3.包裝結(jié)尾，展望未來(lái)/趨勢(shì)，1句1.Concludingsentence:結(jié)論句（1句）（1）總之，我們很有必要從這些發(fā)人深省的圖畫(huà)中獲得積極的含義。/采取有效措施扭轉(zhuǎn)這些圖畫(huà)中所反映的負(fù)面趨勢(shì)。Accordingly,itisimperative/vitalforusto(1)derivepositiveimplicationsfromthesethought-provokingdrawing./(2)Weshouldtakesomeeffectiveandefficientmeasurestoreversethedisturbingtrendillustratedinthepictures.（2）因此，偶像崇拜這一發(fā)人深省的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，是能夠?qū)δ贻p人成長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響的一柄雙刃劍。Hence/Therefore,idolworship,thethought-provokingsocialphenomenon,isadouble-edgedswordwhichcanexertprofoundinfluenceonthegrowthofyoungpeople.(3)Judgingfromwhathavebeenarguedabove,peoplehavecometorealizethevalueofmutualaid.(積極寓意類）2.suggestions兩點(diǎn)建議或兩句評(píng)論（2句）經(jīng)常提到的幾個(gè)方面：A.authorities(專家參與）;B.education（增強(qiáng)意識(shí)）;C.public;D.media（社會(huì)和媒體關(guān)注）E.self-effort（1）Tobeginwith,relevantlawsandregulationsshouldbemadetoseverelypunishthosewhoplagiarizeothers’works.(法律)Inaddition,weshouldenlighten/educatetheawarenessoftheyoungthatacademichonestyisextremelyvitaltous.(教育)（2）Itis,therefore,necessarythateffectivestepsbemadetoadvocatespiritofsupportingeachother.Tobeginwith,thegovernmentshouldmakelawstoencouragepeopletounite.Inaddition,peopleshouldenhancetheawarenessofcaringeachotherespeciallywhentheyareintrouble.(3)Tobeginwith,relevantlawsandregulationsshouldbemadetoseverelypunishthosewhoshuntheresponsibilitiesofcaringtheirparents.Inaddition,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessoftheyoungthatrespectingtheoldhasalwaysbeenthetraditionalvirtueofChineseculture.（4）Asaconsequence,itisimperativeforustotakedrasticactions.Ontheonehand…….Ontheotherhand,thereshouldbeanincreasinglyloudvoicefromthepublicformeasuresagainst……（公眾）3.包裝結(jié)尾，展望未來(lái)（1句）三大常用句型1）倒裝句2）強(qiáng)調(diào)句3）虛擬語(yǔ)氣Onlyinthiswaycanwepromoteculturaldevelopmentpositivelyandmakeourworlddimensional,colorfulandvigorous.強(qiáng)調(diào)句Inconclusion,itispersistentworkthatisconduciveto(對(duì)……有利）yourgraspingaconsiderablevocabulary.虛擬語(yǔ)氣Itishightimethatweplacedgreatemphasisonthisphenomenon.(中心句)Tosumup,the