2023年中考英語語法專項復(fù)習課件-動詞的時態(tài)

動詞-時態(tài)中考專項復(fù)習

因時間不同而造成動詞出現(xiàn)一定的詞形變化，就是時態(tài)。

英語動詞有五種基本形式，即動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。341625一般將來時現(xiàn)在進行時一般現(xiàn)在時

現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時過去進行時動詞時態(tài)1.基本形式2.動詞變化3.語境4.時間標志詞四大模塊01一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時Part011.基本形式

be(am/is/are)主語+

do/does

一般現(xiàn)在時Part012.動詞變化示例變化規(guī)則read→reads；play→playsstudy→studies；fly→fliesguess→guesses;relax→relaxesteach→teaches;

wash→washesgo→goes一般動詞加-s以

“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加-es以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-o結(jié)尾的，通常在詞尾加-es一般現(xiàn)在時Part010504030201經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。表示客觀事實或真理。*表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作主將從現(xiàn)3.語境表示某人的興趣、愛好、性格和特點等。一般現(xiàn)在時Part01LindagoestothemoviesonSundays.TheyarefansofMessi.⑴表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時Part01⑵表示某人的興趣、愛好、性格和特點等。Herhobbyisrunning.

Thepandahasabadtemper.一般現(xiàn)在時Part01⑶表示客觀事實或真理。Themoonrunsaroundtheearth.Myphysicsteachersaidthatthelight_________(travel)s一般現(xiàn)在時Part01*⑷表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作（通常帶有時間狀

語），動詞多為非延續(xù)性動詞。Theplanetakesoffatseveninthemorning.Thefilmbeginsat5:00p.m.today.一般現(xiàn)在時Part01⑸主將從現(xiàn)Wewillhaveapartyifitdoesn’train.連接詞()主句從句？一般現(xiàn)在時Part015）主將從現(xiàn)Wewillhaveapartyifitdoesn’train.連接詞主句：一般將來時(

)從句：一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時Part011.LucywilltellussomethingabouthertriptoAmericaifshe

back.A.cameB.comeC.comesD.willcome

2.We_______asurprisepartyoutsideifit_______.

A.willhave;rains

B.wouldhave;doesn’train

C.willhave;don’train

D.willhave;doesn’train3.______youdon’tgotobedearlier,youwillfeeltiredinthemorning.

A.While

B.Because

C.If

D.Although√√√一般現(xiàn)在時Part014.—Idon’tknowifhe______tomorrow.—Ifhe_____time,he_______.A.comes;has,willcomeB.willcome;has,willcomeC.comes;willhave,comes

D.willcome;has,comes

5.Youcangohomeifyourteacher_________(agree).6.Pleasegohomeifyourteacher_________(agree).

agreesagrees√一般現(xiàn)在時Part01assoonaswhenafterunlessbefore(not)until一般現(xiàn)在時Part011.—IfLinda________thisparty,she_______usabeautifulnight.—Iwonderifshe________.A.takepartin,willbring;willB.willtakepartin,willbring;willC.willtakepartin,brings;doesD.takespartin,willbring;will2.—Mum,mayIplaycomputergamesforawhile?—Assoonasyou

yourhomework,youcan.A.willfinishB.finishC.finishedD.finishes

√√一般現(xiàn)在時Part013.Shewillclimbthemountainswhenthesun______.A.rise B.rises C.rose D.rising4.LittleTom_______tobeduntilhismother________.A.don’tgo;willcomebackB.won’tgo;comesbackC.doesn’tgo;willcomebackD.willgo;comesback√√一般現(xiàn)在時Part014.時間標志詞

everyday,everymonth等always,often,usually,sometimes,onceaweek等onSundays,onweekends,onweekdays(onschooldays/schoolnights)等時間標志詞①every+時間：②頻率副詞：③on+星期+s：02一般過去時一般過去時Part021基本形式主語+be(was/were)

did

一般過去時Part02動詞變化示例變化規(guī)則help→helped；play→played一般動詞加-edlike→liked；live→lived詞尾不發(fā)音的e，加-dstudy→studied；try→tried以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加-edplan→planned；stop→stopped重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母后加-ed2一般過去時Part02表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)。213表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。常與頻率副詞連用。表示過去特定時間一次完成的具有先后順序的幾個動作。3語境一般過去時Part02⑴表示過去的動作和狀態(tài)。Shecleanedherbedroomyesterday.一般過去時Part02Iwasadoctor3yearsago.一般過去時Part02Thebookwaswrittenby.一般過去時Part02⑵表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。常與always、usually、often、sometimes、never等頻率副詞連用。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedbasketball

withmyfriend.一般過去時Part02Ialwaysgotuptoolate,andneverhadenoughtimeforbreakfast.一般過去時Part02⑶表示過去特定時間一次完成的具有先后

順序的幾個動作。Igotupearly,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.一般過去時Part02時間標志詞401in+過去時間in200002last+時間lastnightlastmonthlastterm03段時間+ago20minutesago3yearsago04其他justnowyesterdayintheolddays一般過去時Part021.Tomwalkedsoquicklythathe______anoldmanonhiswayhome.Hefeltreallysorryforhim.

A.knocksintoB.knockedintoC.wasknockingintoD.hadknockedinto2.Yesterdaymybrother_____tosay“HappyBirthday”tomefromSpain.A.callsB.calledC.iscallingD.wascalling3.Thenewsreportersaid,“Dr.King_____10

minutesago.”A.deadB.dyingC.dies D.died03一般將來時一般將來時Part0301020304will/shalldobegoingtodobedoing*beabouttodo1.基本形式一般將來時Part032.語境表示將要發(fā)生的動作。TomwilltakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Wewill/shallsendherascarfasherbirthdaygift.一般將來時Part03Iamgoingtostudycomputerscience.Lookattheheavycloud.It’sgoingtorain.按照計劃或某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的事情。一般將來時Part03—Dinnerisready.—I’mcoming.

LindaisleavingforBeijing.

現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。一般將來時Part03

Don’tworry,Iamabouttomakeacloseexaminationonyou.表示近期要發(fā)生的動作。一般將來時Part033.時間標志詞soon,fromnowontomorrownext+時間in+段時間inthefuture一般將來時Part031.Accordingtothenewlaw,there_____nosmokeatschoolfromnowon.A.willbeB.wasC.areD.were2.There___areadingcompetitioninourschoolnextweek,andI’mpreparingforit.

A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.aregoingtobeD.willbe一般將來時Part033.—What’syourplanforyourvacation?—We_________toHongKongforavisitnextyear.A.fly B.isflyingC.willflyD.wereflying4.There_____morecarsintwoyearsinChangchun.Thecitywillbemorecrowded.A.willhave

B.isgoingtohaveC.willbe

D.aregoingtohave04現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時Part041基本形式主語+am/is/aredoingPart04現(xiàn)在進行時動詞變化2示例變化規(guī)則work→working;play→playing一般動詞加-ingdance→dancing;

use→using詞尾不發(fā)音的e，去e加-ingstop→stopping;plan→planning以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母后加-inglie→lying;

die→dying以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，先將ie變y,再加-ingPart04現(xiàn)在進行時3語境說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。表示經(jīng)常性、重復(fù)性或習慣性的動作。現(xiàn)在進行時Part04現(xiàn)在進行時Theyaredancing.⑴表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。Part04現(xiàn)在進行時Iamreadinganovelthesedays.Part04現(xiàn)在進行時⑵表示經(jīng)常性、重復(fù)性或習慣性的動作。Sheisalwaystalkingwithothers.

Lilyisalwaysborrowingmoneyfromherclassmates.不滿情緒Part04現(xiàn)在進行時時間標志詞4listen,looknow,atpresentthesedaysPart04現(xiàn)在進行時1.TodayisFather’sDay.Mymother____aspecialdinnerformy

grandpanow.

A.prepareB.preparedC.ispreparingD.waspreparing2.—Couldyouhelpmetakeoutthetrash,Mark?—Sorry,Mum.I_____myhair.A.washB.washedC.amwashingD.waswashing3.Look,somanypassengers_____withtheirsmartphonesonthe

underground.

A.playedB.willplayC.areplayingD.haveplayed

Part04現(xiàn)在進行時4.—HasMomcomebackyet?

—Yes.She___inthekitchennow.A.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.willcook05過去進行時過去進行時Part051.基本形式主語+be（was/were）+doing過去進行時Part052.動詞變化見現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時Part053.語境表示過去某時刻正在進行的動作。表示過去某時間段內(nèi)持續(xù)的動作。一個動作發(fā)生時，另一個動作正在進行。過去進行時Part05⑴表示過去某時刻正在進行的動作。Theywerehavinglunchatthattime.過去進行時Part05—Icalledyouthistimeyesterday,butyoudidn’tanswerit.—Sorry,I______theInternetintheroom.A.surfedB.havesurfedC.wassurfingD.hadsurfed過去進行時Part05⑵表示過去某

時間段內(nèi)持

續(xù)的動作。Hewaswritingtohisfriendalldayyesterday.過去進行時Part05Whileherhusbandwassleeping,shethrewwaterathim.⑶一個動作發(fā)生時，另一個動作正在進行。過去進行時Part05●when&whileIwasreadingwhenmymothercameback.WhileIwasreading,mymothercameback.延續(xù)性動詞過去進行時Part05在時間狀語從句中主句（過去進行時）+when+從句（一般過去時）主句（一般過去時/過去進行時）+while+從句（過去進行時）過去進行時Part051.Grace______amodelplanewhenhersistercameback.A.ismaking

B.wasmaking C.makes D.maked2.WhileEric

_______,histeachercameintotheclassroom.A.laughed

B.werelaughingC.waslaughingD.islaughing過去進行時Part054.時間標志詞atthis/thattimeatfiveyesterdayfromsixtoeightlastMonday過去進行時Part051.—Wereyouatschoolat8:00thismorning?—Yes.I____withmyteacheratthattime.A.talkB.willtalkC.wastalkingD.amtalking2.Julia________drinkingwateroveranopenfireatthattime.A.wasboiling B.boiledC.isboiling D.hasboiled3.—Ishoutedtoyouatthegate,butyoudidn’thearme.—Really?I________atelephonecalltomymotheratthattime.A.make B.wasmaking C.made D.havemade06現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時Part061基本形式主語+have/hasdone現(xiàn)在完成時Part06動詞變化2構(gòu)成示例一般在動詞原形后直接加-edwork→worked；stay→stayed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞后只加-dclose→closed；like→liked以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)將y變?yōu)閕再加-edstudy→studied；carry→carried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加-edstop→stopped；plan→planned巧記ABB型不規(guī)則動詞(A代表原形，B代表過去式和過去分詞)原形特征過去式過去分詞示例-eep-ept-eptkeep，sweep，sleep-ell-old-oldsell，tell-end-ent-entlend，spend，send-ay-aid-aidsay，pay-n-nt-ntburn，learn，mean巧記ABC型不規(guī)則動詞(A代表原形，B代表過去式，C代表過去分詞)原形特征過去式過去分詞示例-eak-oke-okenbreak，speak-eal-ole-olensteal-ear-ore-ornwear，bear，tear-ow-ew-owngrow，blow，know，throw-i--a--u-sink，swim，drink，ring，sing，begin-i--o--ndrive，rise巧記AAA型不規(guī)則動詞(A代表原形、過去式和過去分詞)擊中受傷讓吐痰去掉花費讀放切hithurtletspitridcostreadputcut現(xiàn)在完成時Part063語境pastpresent現(xiàn)在完成時Part06pastpresentWecleanedtheroomyesterday.Now,theroomisclean.Becausewehavecleanedit.①過去發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。⑴現(xiàn)在完成時Part06pastpresent②過去發(fā)生的動作至今仍未結(jié)束，還有可能持續(xù)至將來。IhavelivedinChinafor20years.現(xiàn)在完成時Part061.—Jim,getup!It’salready9:00inthemorning.—Really?I_______toomuch.

A.sleptB.amsleepingC.havesleptD.sleep2.I________aninvitationtotheconcert.Ican’twaittogo.A.receive B.willreceive C.wasreceiving D.havereceived3.Ourteam_______anotherpoint!I’msurewe’llwinthegame.A.willget B.hasgot C.isgetting D.wasgetting現(xiàn)在完成時Part06⑵havegoneto/havebeento/havebeenin①Mr.Greenisnothere.Hehasgonetothebank.②IhavebeentoBeijingmanytimes.③TomhasbeeninShanghaiforsixmonths.

在某地待了多長時間去過已歸去了未歸現(xiàn)在完成時Part061.—IsthatJackspeaking?—Sorry,heisn’there.He___thecinemawith

hisaunt.A.hasgonetoB.goes

C.willgo D.wasgoing

2.Myfather______Shanghaimanytimes.Shanghaiisamoderncity.A.hasbeeninB.hasbeento C.hasgonetoD.hasgonein3.—HoboandEddie_____thecinematowatchafilm.—Oh,that’swhyIcan’tfindthemnow.A.havegonetoB.havebeentoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento現(xiàn)在完成時Part06Ihaveboughtacarforthreeyears.Ihaveboughtacar.⑶非延續(xù)性動詞

與延續(xù)性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時Part06buy-haveborrow-keepleave-beawaystart/begin-beondie-bedeadgetmarried-bemarriedjoin-beinjoin-beamemberofend-beover現(xiàn)在完成時Part061.—Yourbrotherisn’tathome.Whereishe?—He______toGuangzhou.He______forover2months.A.hasgone;hasbeenawayB.hasbeen;hasleftC.hasbeen;hasbeenawayD.hasgone;hadleft2.Theyaregoingtohaveacelebrationfortheirmarriage.They

____fortenyears.

A.havemarriedB.havebeenmarried

C.marriedD.gotmarried

現(xiàn)在完成時Part063.—Whenwillthemeetingend?—It_______fortenminutes.A.willendB.hasendedC.willbeoverD.hasbeenover4.I_________thebighousesincefouryearsago.A.havearrivedat B.havebought C.havehad D.haveborrowed5.Mr.Hudiedlastyear.He_____forseveralmonthsalready.A.wasdyingB.hasdiedC.hasbeendeadD.died現(xiàn)在完成時Part06時間標志詞4現(xiàn)在完成時Part06(1)TheBlacks_______afewplacesofinterestsincethey

cametoChina5yearsago.

A.hasvisitedB.willvisitC.havevisitedD.visited(2)InChangchun,everything____alotinthepastfiveyears.

A.changeB.changed

C.havechangedD.haschanged現(xiàn)在完成時Part06⑶—WhatdoyouthinkofRobinsonCrusoe?—It’ssoexcitingthatI________ittwice.A.amreadingB.wasreadingC.havereadD.willread⑷—Tomlet’sgotoseeTheFantasticFourtonight!—I__________italready.Iwentwithmyfatheryesterday.A.seeB.saw C.willseeD.haveseen玩轉(zhuǎn)考點1．Geor