2023年江西省萍鄉(xiāng)市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高考英語一模試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023年江西省萍鄉(xiāng)市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高考英語一模試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共11小題，共22.0分）ASearchingtheOED

Howtousethequicksearch

ThequicksearchbarcanbefoundontheOED（OxfordEnglishDictionary）homepageandatthetopofeveryentrypage，andfindsmaindictionaryentries，suchasalphabet，break，xylophone.Italsofindsphrasesandcompoundslistedwithinmainentries，suchastolookuporalphabetbook，anddifferentformsofspellingssuchasdictionarie.

Wildcardsearches

Awildcardisasymbolwhichstandsforanycharacter.Thequestionmark？representstheoccurrenceofanyonesinglecharacter，andtheasterisk*representstheoccurrenceofanynumberofcharacters（ornocharacteratall）.Wildcardsareusefulifyoudonotknowhowtospellaword，orifyouwanttofindseveraltermsbeginningwiththesameroot.

Howtousetheadvancedsearch

Anadvancedsearchisafullsearchoftheentiredictionarytextwhichisforreaderswhohaveloggedinorsubscribedtothedictionary.Advancedsearchcanbeespeciallyusefulforveryspecificsearches.Youcanusethesearchareafunctionalitytosearchbyeachsectionofanentry.Youcanalsousefilterstonarrowyoursearchtomatchcertaincriteria.

Browsingbycategories

Categoriesallowyoutoexplorethedictionarythroughgroupingsofwordsin，forinstance，asubjectorfromaparticularorigin.IfyouwanttofindalltheCarribbeanborrowingsinEnglish，orfindthefirstwordrelatedtoespionage（間諜行為）toenterthedictionary，thisisthefunctionforyou.

Furtherexploreyoursearchbyusingtheoptionsthatappearontheright-handsideoftheresultspage.

1.Whatwillyouuseifyouarenotsureofthespellingofaword？______A.Thequicksearch. B.Wildcardsearches.

C.Theadvancedsearch. D.Browsingbycategories.2.What'stherequirementofusingtheadvancedsearch？______A.Registeringforthedictionary. B.Matchingcertaincriteria.

C.Searchingwithspecificwords. D.Searchingwithpurpose.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom？______A.Adictionary. B.Abrochure. C.Awebsite. D.Atextbook.BThis

year's

flu

season

is

shaping

up

to

be

a

bad

one.The

new

type

of

flu

virus

is

more

severe

than

most.In

addition

many

people

find

the

vaccine

this

year

to

be

less

effective，and

others

are

wondering

if

they

should

still

get

a

flu

shot.The

answer

is

yes.

Each

summer，scientists

try

to

make

a

best

guess

on

which

variants（變體）are

going

to

be

more

common

in

the

coming

year.They

look

at

data

from

other

countries，and

then

they

make

the

shot

to

match.

Sometimes

a

vaccine

doesn't

work

well

because

some

variants

change

too

much.That's

why

in

any

year，even

when

you're

vaccinated，you

can

get

the

flu.The

shot

is

about

reducing

your

risk，not

getting

rid

of

it.

"Less"

and

"more"

effective

are

relative

terms，so

we

need

to

focus

more

on

absolute

risks.In

2010，researchers

published

an

in-depth

analysis

of

all

flu

shot

studies.They

showed

that

when

a

vaccine

was

considered

effective，1.2%

of

vaccinated

people

had

the

flu，while

3.9%

of

unvaccinated

people

had

the

flu.That's

an

absolute

risk

reduction

（ARR）

of

2.7

percentage

points.In

studies

in

which

the

flu

shot

was

considered

ineffective，1.1&

of

vaccinated

people

had

the

flu

compared

with

2.4%

of

unvaccinated

people.The

ARR

was

1.3%

points.

Let's

say

this

year's

flu

vaccine

is

even

worse

than

we

think.Maybe

the

ARR

will

be

as

low

as

1

percentage

point.That's

still

not

that

bad.Given

the

millions

who

are

likely

to

suffer

from

flu

and

the

thousands

of

deaths

each

year，this

is

a

big

payoff

in

public

health.The

Centers

for

Disease

Control

and

Prevention（CDC）

says

that

9

million

to

36

million

people

become

ill

with

the

flu

each

year

in

the

United

States.Somewhere

between

140，000

and

710，000

of

them

require

hospitalization，and

12，000

to

56，000

die

each

year.

No

vaccine

is

perfectly

protective

in

any

year.But

to

minimize

your

chances

of

illness，yes，you

should

still

get

the

flu

shot

this

year，and

any

year.4.What

is

the

paragraph2

mainly

about？

A.Why

some

vaccines

are

ineffective.

B.Why

people

should

get

vaccines.

C.How

a

new

vaccine

is

developed.

D.How

people

survive

flu

in

summer.5.What

can

the

ARR

tell

us

according

to

the

text？

A.How

dangerous

flu

could

be.

B.The

risk

of

a

vaccine.

C.How

flu

spreads.

D.The

effectiveness

of

a

flu

vaccine.6.Why

does

the

author

provide

the

CDC's

figures？

A.To

show

many

people

suffer

from

serious

diseases

each

year.

B.To

show

flu

vaccines

are

sometimes

ineffective.

C.To

show

flu

is

a

major

cause

of

human

death.

D.To

show

vaccines

can

still

save

many

people.7.What

is

the

main

purpose

of

the

text？

A.To

report

a

threatening

type

of

flu

virus.

B.To

persuade

people

to

receive

flu

vaccines.

C.To

explain

the

spread

of

flu

viruses.

D.To

give

an

introduction

to

this

year's

vaccine.CFormorethan60years,Legobricks???（樂高）havesparkedchildren'simaginations.Now,anewversionofthesetoysisintheworks.They'reLegoBrailleBricks,andthey'rebeingtestedaroundtheworld.

LegoBrailleBricksaredesignedtohelppeoplelearnBraille.That'sasystemofwritinginwhichlettersarerepresentedbyraiseddots.Peoplewhoareblindorvisuallyimpairedusetheirfingertipstoreadit.???????????????????????????????????

AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,36millionpeopleworldwideareblind.IntheUnitedStates,it'sestimatedthatonly10%ofblindchildrenlearnBraille.LegoBrailleBrickscanhelpchangethat.ThesmalldotsonthebricksarearrangedasBrailleletters.BlindchildrencanusethesedotstolearnBraille.?????????????????????????????????????????????

LegoplanstolaunchBrailleBricksnextyear.Forsomeschoolsandinstitutions,BrailleBrickswillbefree.Eachwillcontainabout250bricks.Alongwiththealphabet,thebrickswillfeaturenumbersandmathsymbols.??????????????????????????????

TheDanishAssociationoftheBlindwasoneofthefirstorganizationstocomeupwiththeideaofusingLegobrickstoteachBraille.ThorkildOlesenisthepresidentofthegroup.Olesenisblind.Hesaysmanyteachersdon'thavethetoolsandskillstohelpkidslearnBraille.Sotheyteachwithaudiotools,suchasaudiobooks."Likeanyotherpeople,weneedtoexpressourselvesinwriting,"Olesensaid."Audioisgreat.ButitcanneverreplaceBraille.Brailleisthesinglemostimportanttoolforusinordertolearntospellcorrectly,write,andgainliteracylikesightedpeople."???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????8.Brailleis______．A.anewtoyforblindchildren.

B.anewversionofLegobricks.

C.awritingsystemforblindpeople.

D.akindofbookforblindpeople.9.Accordingtothepassage,LegoBrailleBricksarecharacterizedby______．A.raiseddots. B.numbersandmathsymbols.

C.Brailleletters. D.printedletters.10.ThroughLegoBrailleBricks,blindchildrencanlearnaboutdifferentideasEXCEPT______．A.art. B.numbers.

C.mathsymbols. D.Englishletters.11.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisWRONGaccordingtothearticle??????????？______A.IntheUS??，oneintenblindchildrenlearnBraille.

B.LegowillsendLegoBrailleBrickstosomeschoolsforfree.

C.LegoBrailleBrickswillhelpmoreblindchildrenlearnBraille.

D.ManyteachersarenowteachingBraillewithLegoBrailleBricks.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共9小題，共18.0分）

Justlikehappinessandsadness,anxietyispartofeveryone'slivedexperience—butit'snotalwaystoleratedassuch."Peopleoftenspendtoomuchtimeandefforttryingtoridanxiety,"saysDr.JoelMinden,aclinicalpsychologist."Iencouragethemtorememberthatanxietyisanormalemotionalresponse."

Ifyoutrytobanishanxiety,allyou'redoingisputtingitmoreattheforefrontofyourmind.Butifyouacceptanxietyaspartoflife,youcanlearntorelatetoitwithself-pityorevenwithhumour.Thisisacornerstoneofacceptanceandcommitmenttherapy(ACT),whichhasbeengainingclinicalvalidation(驗(yàn)證),includingbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.ACTguidespeopletoseetheirunpleasantemotionsasjustfeelingsandtoacceptthatpartsoflifearehard.Sufferersareencouragedtobeginadialoguewithanxiousthoughts,examiningtheircauseswhilealsokeepinginmindtheirpersonalgoalsandvalues.

ThiswayofrelatingtoanxietyhasbeenapowerfulstrategyforJohnBateman,the52-year-oldhostofthepodcastOurAnxietyStories.Whennegativethoughtsarise,heacknowledgesthembutdoesn'tletthemdrivehisdecisions.Overtheyears,Batemanhasnoticedthatifhesubmitstohisthoughts,theydon'tgoawaybutdramaticallyincrease.Butifherecognizesthemforwhattheyare,justapassingthoughtandnotafactthatneedstobeactedon,theygraduallygoaway.

Learningtolivewithanxietyisanindividualprocessandonethatrequirestrialanderrortogetjustright.Whileacceptanceisthefirstandmostimportantsteptotake,somelifestylechangeshavebeenproventotaketheedgeoff,aswell.Sincetiredness,increasedtensionandstressleaveusmucheasiertofallintoanxiety,awell-balanceddiet,sufficientrestand,especially,regularexercisecanhelpusmanageitbetter.12.WhatmayDrJoelMindenagreeaboutanxiety?A.Itgoeshandinhandwithjoy. B.Itshouldbeseriouslytaken.

C.Itiseasily-earnedexperience. D.Itisoftenimproperlytreated.13.Whatcanexplaintheunderlinedword"banish"inparagraph2?A.Ignore. B.Hide. C.Recognize. D.Control.14.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnBatemaninparagraph3?A.Toexplainastrategy. B.Todescribeaphenomenon.

C.Topresentasuccessfulcase. D.Tointroduceapublicfigure.15.Whatisadvisedtodealwithanxietyinthelastpart?A.Concentratingontheprocess. B.Makinglifestyleadjustments.

C.Avoidingexposuretopressure. D.Learningtogetthingsinplace.Doyouhaveahealthproblem，suchashighbloodpressureorobesity？Didyourdoctortellyouthatyoucanimproveyourconditionwithbetternutrition？Docancer，heartdisease，ordiabetesruninyourfamily？(1)Meanwhile，youalsoneedtoimproveyoureatinghabitsforbetternutrition．

Itcanbehardtochangeyoureatinghabits．However，youaresuretobenefitfrommakingchangestoyourdietifyouhavediseasesthatcanbemadeworsebythingsyouareeatingordrinking．(2)．

◆Findthestrengthsandweaknessesinyourpresentdiet．Doyoueat4-5cupsoffruitsandvegetableseveryday？Doyougetenoughcalcium（鈣）？Doyoueatwholegrain，high-fiberfoods？Ifso，you'reontherighttrack．Keepitup!(3)

◆(4)Ifyoueatalotoffatatpresent，cutbackandchangeyourhabits．Forexample，reduceanyextrafat．Thisincludesbutteronbread，sourcreamonbakedpotatoes，andsaladdressings．

◆Keeptrackofyourfoodintake（攝入量）．(5)Thisrecordwillhelpyouassess（評(píng)價(jià)）yourdiet．You'llseeifyouneedtoeatmoreorlessfromcertainfoodgroups．

◆Thinkaboutaskingforhelpfromanutritionist．Theycanhelpyoufollowaspecialdiet，especiallyifyouhaveahealthissue．

A．Ifyouranswerisyes，talktoyourdoctoraboutyourhealth．

B．Ifnot，addmoreofthesefoodstoyourdailydiet．

C．Cutbackonunhealthyfat．

D．Belowaresuggestionstoimproveyourhealth．

E．Youshouldeatfoodsthatcontainvitaminsandminerals．

F．Writedownwhatyoueatanddrinkeveryday．

G．Balancednutritionandregularexercisearegoodforyourhealth．16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）At35，YongDuckworthistheoldeststudentatChrisneyElementarySchoolinChrisney,Indiana.DuckworthattendedfirstgradelastSeptember,(21)tolearnEnglish.SincearrivingintheU.S.13yearsagofromKorea,Duckworthhad(22)privateteachersandadult（成人）educationclasses.Nothing(23).

ThenDuckworthcalledChrisneyheadmaster（校長(zhǎng)）LeroyMeyer."Icouldhardly(24)her,"saysMeyer."ThebestIcouldmakeoutwasthatshe(25)someonetohelpherlearnEnglish.Shewantedtoknowthe(26)byage40，soshecouldopenherownbusiness."

After(27)tofindaprivateteacherforDuckworth.MeyersuggestedthatsheattendfirstgradeatChrisney.Duckworth(28)atonce.

Duckworth'sexperiencesatChrisneyhavebeen(29)ones.Sheisasmuchamotherasaclassmatetotheotherstudents.DuringstoryhourtheysitaroundDuckworth.Sheasksthemto(30)"please"and"thankyou,"andhugs（擁拖）themwhentheyneed(31).

DuckworthstudiedEnglishinjuniorhighbut(32)learnedtospeakfluently.Sheonceopenedaclothesshop,butherbusinessfailedbecauseofherlanguageproblems."ToomuchpeoplehurtmebecauseIspeak(33)English,"saysDuckworth."InKoreaIhadmanypeopletellmeIsmartlady.HerebrokenEnglishmakesme(34)."

Thesedays,her4-year-oldson,Simon,ishermainmotivation（動(dòng)機(jī)）tolearnEnglish."Duckworthknowsshe'sgoingtohaveachallenge（挑戰(zhàn)）(35)Simon"，saysDuckworth'shusbandBen,"He'sgoingtostartcominghomewith(36)andshe'sgoingtohavetobeableto(37)them."

"Iworrysomedayheasksme,'Mom,whatisthis？'IfIcan't(38)him,I'msad,"saysDuckworth.

"DuckworthishavingagreatinfluenceonyoungstudentsatChrisney,"Meyersays."Whentheyseea（n）(39)persongoingtoschool,theyrealizehowimportant(40)is."21.

A.promising B.hoping C.hating D.refusing22.

A.forgotten B.noticed C.tried D.continued23.

A.appeared B.happened C.mattered D.worked24.

A.accept B.remember C.understand D.believe25.

A.wanted B.invited C.forced D.encouraged26.

A.school B.language C.students D.teachers27.

A.deciding B.managing C.failing D.regretting28.

A.returned B.stopped C.doubted D.agreed29.

A.common B.happy C.correct D.awful30.

A.say B.suggest C.report D.discuss31.

A.comfort B.pleasure C.advice D.service32.

A.also B.already C.only D.never33.

A.modern B.same C.poor D.simple34.

A.down B.big C.through D.hot35.

A.ordering B.raising C.changing D.hearing36.

A.plans B.questions C.mistakes D.gifts37.

A.thank B.compare C.follow D.answer38.

A.tell B.see C.train D.praise39.

A.funnier B.stricter C.kinder D.older40.

A.experience B.money C.education D.time四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）41.Kyrgyzstan（吉爾吉斯斯坦）isamountainouscountrywherenearlytwothirdsofthepeopleliveinruralareas.TheUNnotesthatthelocaleconomydepends(1)（heavy）onfarming.SoitisrareforanyKyrgyztochoosetechnology(2)acareerpath.

TheUNDevelopmentProgrammestudiedrecordsaboutthecountry'scollege(3)（graduate）inscience,technology,engineering,mathematics,constructionandmanufacturing.Itfoundthatwomenmakeuplessthan10percentofthosegraduates.

Nineteen-year-oldAlinaAnisimova,(4)isacomputerprogrammer,sayssomegirlsdon'thavethecouragetotakeonsuchstudiesbecauseitisnotcommonintheircountry.And,shealsosaysamajorityofparentsdiscouragetheirdaughtersfrom(5)（study）thesesubjects.Girlsinhercountryareexpected(6)（marry）insteadofhavingcareers.Nearlyonein10girlsinKyrgyzstanismarriedbeforetheageof18，notestheinternationalaidgroupGirlsNotBrides.Shewishesthatinthefuturepeoplewillnotconsideritso(7)（surprise）toseeyoungwomengetinvolvedinengineeringandmetalworking.

Actually,thenumberofwomeninscience,technology,engineeringandmathareas(8)（increase）inrecentyears.Forexample,intheUS，therehasbeenapushtogetmoregirlsinterestedinsuchsubjectsat(9)earlyage.Still,theUN'sculturalagencyUNESCOnotesthatonlyabout30percentoftheworld'sresearchers(10)（be）women.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，諸你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤．毎句中最多有兩處．每處錯(cuò)謀僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的増加、刪除或修改．

堆加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)編字符號(hào)（Λ），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫岀修改后的詞．

注意：1毎處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2只允許修改10處，多者，從11處起不計(jì)分．

Dear

Tim，

I

know

you

are

fond

of

sports

but

I'm

glad

to

tell

you

that

my

school

will

start

a

table

tennis

club．

I

am

writing

to

invite

you

to

join

it．

As

we

knew，playing

table

tennis

are

good

for

health．

To

start

with，when

you

play

table

tennis，you

have

to

run

back

and

forth

to

catch

ball，

which

works

off

your

energetic

and

keeps

you

healthy．Secondly，they

can

improve

your

balance

and

keep

on

your

brain

sharp．Besides，it

is

a

good

chance

for

you

to

developing

friendship

with

others

who

show

the

same

interests

in

table

tennis．

I

will

be

greatly

pleasing

if

you

accept

my

invitation．Looking

forward

to

receiving

your

early

reply．

Yours，

Li

Hua六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）43.假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Peter對(duì)你校即將舉行的環(huán)保自行車賽（GreenCycling）很感興趣，向你咨詢相關(guān)事宜。請(qǐng)給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹比賽信息；

2.期待對(duì)方參與。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Wildcard

searches部分的Wildcards

are

useful

if

you

do

not

know

how

to

spell

a

word，or

if

you

want

to

find

several

terms

beginning

with

the

same

root.（如果您不知道如何拼寫一個(gè)單詞，或者如果您想要查找?guī)讉€(gè)以同一個(gè)詞根開頭的術(shù)語，通配符非常有用。）可知如果你不確定單詞的拼寫，你會(huì)用通配符搜索。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章How

to

use

the

advanced

search部分的An

advanced

search

is

a

full

search

of

the

entire

dictionary

text

which

is

for

readers

who

have

logged

in

or

subscribed

to

the

dictionary（高級(jí)搜索是對(duì)整個(gè)詞典文本的全面搜索，供已登錄或訂閱詞典的讀者使用）可知使用高級(jí)搜索的要求是需要注冊(cè)詞典。故選A。

（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Further

explore

your

search

by

using

the

options

that

appear

on

the

right-hand

side

of

the

results

page.（使用顯示在結(jié)果頁面右側(cè)的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步探索您的搜索。）可知本文應(yīng)該來自于一個(gè)網(wǎng)頁。A.A

dictionary.一本詞典；B.A

brochure.一本小冊(cè)子；C.A

website.一個(gè)網(wǎng)站；D.A

textbook.一本教科書。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要講述在網(wǎng)上如何使用各自高級(jí)搜索。

做題時(shí)首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，芾著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。

4~7.【答案】C、D、D、B【解析】（1）C.段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段Each

summer，scientists

try

to

make

a

best

guess

on

which

variants（變體）are

going

to

be

more

common

in

the

coming

year.They

look

at

data

from

other

countries，and

then

they

make

the

shot

to

match.每年夏季，科學(xué)家們都試圖猜測(cè)在未來的一年里，哪些病毒變體會(huì)更普遍。他們查看來自其他國(guó)家的數(shù)據(jù)，然后對(duì)癥研制疫苗。可知，本段主要講述疫苗研制的根據(jù)，即新的疫苗是如何研制的。故選C。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Theyshowedthatwhenavaccinewasconsideredeffective，1.2%ofvaccinatedpeoplehadtheflu，while3.9%ofunvaccinatedpeoplehadtheflu.That'sanabsoluteriskreduction（ARR）of2.7percentagepoints.他們顯示，當(dāng)疫苗被認(rèn)為有效時(shí)，1.2%的接種者患流感，而3.9%的未接種者患流感。這就有2.7個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的絕對(duì)危險(xiǎn)度降低率?？芍珹RR即absoluteriskreduction"絕對(duì)危險(xiǎn)度降低率"，指的是流感疫苗的有效性。故選D。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Let's

say

this

year's

flu

vaccine

is

even

worse

than

we

think.Maybe

the

ARR

will

be

as

low

as

1

percentage

point.That's

still

not

that

bad.Given

the

millions

who

are

likely

to

suffer

from

flu

and

the

thousands

of

deaths

each

year，this

is

a

big

payoff

in

public

health.假設(shè)今年的流感疫苗比我們想象的還要糟糕。也許ARR將低至1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。也還不算那么糟。鑒于數(shù)百萬人可能患流感，每年有數(shù)千人死亡，這是公共衛(wèi)生的一大回報(bào)?？芍?，面對(duì)龐大的流感人群，疫苗還是起到很好的預(yù)防作用的。因此，列舉的數(shù)據(jù)就是為了說明疫苗還是可以保護(hù)人們的。故選D。

（4）B.寫作目的題。根據(jù)最后一段But

to

minimize

your

chances

of

illness，yes，you

should

still

get

the

flu

shot

this

year，and

any

year.But

to

minimize

your

chances

of

illness，yes，you

should

still

get

the

flu

shot

this

year，and

any

year.但是為了盡量減少你的患病幾率，是的，你今年和任何一年都應(yīng)該注射流感疫苗。但是為了盡量減少你的患病幾率，是的，你今年和任何一年都應(yīng)該注射流感疫苗?？芍?，本文是在探討流感人群數(shù)量龐大，流感疫苗效果下降之后，得出的結(jié)論是仍需要注射流感疫苗，即文章的目的在于讓讀者接種疫苗。故選B。

本文是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀，主要討論隨著流感病毒變體的增多及流感疫苗效果的下降，是否還必要注射流感疫苗。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8~11.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】（1）C．

細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段的"LegoBrailleBricksaredesignedtohelppeoplelearnBraille.

That'sasystemofwritinginwhichlettersarerepresentedbyraiseddots.?????????????????????樂高盲文積木是為了幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)盲文而設(shè)計(jì)的．這是一種用凸起的圓點(diǎn)表示字母的書寫系統(tǒng)．"可知Braille是一種盲人所用的文字系統(tǒng)，故選C．

（2）B．

推理判斷題．根據(jù)第四段的"Eachwillcontainabout

250

bricks.

Alongwiththealphabet,

thebrickswillfeaturenumbersandmathsymbols.?????????????每一塊磚將包含大約250塊磚塊，除了字母表外，磚塊還帶有數(shù)字和數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)．?"可知LegoBrailleBricks除了字母表，還帶有數(shù)字和數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)，故選B．

（3）A．

推理判斷題．根據(jù)第四段的"Eachwillcontainabout

250

bricks.

Alongwiththealphabet,

thebrickswillfeaturenumbersandmathsymbols.?????????????每一塊磚將包含大約250塊磚塊，除了字母表外，磚塊還帶有數(shù)字和數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)．"可知LegoBrailleBricks不可以用來學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)，故選A．

（4）D．

細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段的"Hesaysmanyteachersdon'thavethetoolsandskillstohelpkidslearnBraille.他說，許多教師沒有幫助孩子學(xué)習(xí)盲文的工具和技能．"可知沒有很多老師都在用樂高盲文磚教盲文，故選D．

本文介紹了樂高盲文積木的產(chǎn)生，并且告訴了我們它的意義．

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．

12~15.【答案】D、D、C、B【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了臨床心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為焦慮經(jīng)常被不恰當(dāng)?shù)奶幚?，如果你接受焦慮是生活的一部分，你就可以學(xué)會(huì)用自憐甚至幽默的方式來對(duì)待它。文章介紹了一種心理療法以及應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮的建議。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中"Peopleoftenspendtoomuchtimeandefforttryingtoridanxiety,"saysDrJoelMinden,aclinicalpsychologist."Iencouragethemtorememberthatanxietyisanormalemotionalresponse."（臨床心理學(xué)家JoelMinden醫(yī)生說：“人們常?；ㄙM(fèi)太多時(shí)間和精力試圖消除焦慮。我鼓勵(lì)他們記住，焦慮是正常的情緒反應(yīng)?！保┛芍?，JoelMinden醫(yī)生對(duì)焦慮的看法是它經(jīng)常被不恰當(dāng)?shù)奶幚?。故選D。

2.

根據(jù)第二段中Butifyouacceptanxietyaspartoflife,youcanlearntorelatetoitwithself-pityorevenwithhumour.（但如果你接受焦慮是生活的一部分，你就可以學(xué)會(huì)用自憐甚至幽默的方式來對(duì)待它）以及劃線詞后文allyou'redoingisputtingitmoreattheforefrontofyourmind（你所做的只是把它放在首要地位）可知，后文提到了接受焦慮的情況，可知?jiǎng)澗€詞所在句是在說明試圖控制焦慮的情況，即如果你試圖控制焦慮，你所做的只是把它放在首要地位。故劃線詞意思是“控制”。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容（52歲的約翰·貝特曼是播客節(jié)目《我們的焦慮故事》的主持人，他以這種與焦慮相關(guān)的方式一直是一種強(qiáng)有力的策略。當(dāng)消極的想法出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他會(huì)承認(rèn)它們，但不會(huì)讓它們左右自己的決定。多年來，貝特曼注意到，如果他屈從于自己的想法，它們不會(huì)消失，反而會(huì)急劇增加。但如果他認(rèn)識(shí)到它們的本質(zhì)，只是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的想法，而不是需要付諸行動(dòng)的事實(shí)，它們就會(huì)逐漸消失。）可推知，作者在第三段提到JohnBateman是為了提出一個(gè)成功的案例。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段中Whileacceptanceisthefirstandmostimportantsteptotake,somelifestylechangeshavebeenproventotaketheedgeoff,aswell.Sincetiredness,increasedtensionandstressleaveusmucheasiertofallintoanxiety,awell-balanceddiet,sufficientrestand,especially,regularexercisecanhelpusmanageitbetter.（雖然接受是第一步，也是最重要的一步，但事實(shí)證明，一些生活方式的改變被證明可以減輕壓力。由于疲勞，增加的緊張和壓力使我們更容易陷入焦慮，均衡的飲食，充分的休息，特別是有規(guī)律的鍛煉可以幫助我們更好地控制這種情緒。）可推知，建議調(diào)整生活方式來應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮。故選B。

16~20.【答案】A、D、B、C、F【解析】A

D

B

C

F

1．A．考查上下文理解和推理判斷能力．空格上文提出了幾個(gè)有關(guān)健康的問題，A項(xiàng)的"answer"給出了提示，結(jié)合下文"同時(shí)，你也需要改善你的飲食習(xí)慣得到更好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)"推斷，A項(xiàng)：If

your

answer

is

yes，

talk

to

your

doctor

about

your

health．"如果你的答案是"是的"，與你的醫(yī)生討論一下你的健康"符合語境，承上啟下．故選A．

2．D．考查上下文理解和推理判斷能力．由下文的段落小標(biāo)題可知，下文給出了五條改善身體健康的建議，故D項(xiàng)：Below

are

suggestions

to

improve

your

health．"下面是一些改善身體健康的建議"符合語境．故選D．

3．B．考查上下文理解和推理判斷能力．空格上文提出了一些健康飲食的問題，由前文"If

so，

you're

on

the

right

track．

Keep

it

up!"可知，如果是這樣，你的做法是對(duì)的，堅(jiān)持．因此推斷B項(xiàng)：If

not，

add

more

of

these

foods

to

your

daily

diet．"如果沒有，在日常飲食中添加更多這些食物

"符合語境，故選B．

4．C．考查段落總結(jié)能力．空格處是段落標(biāo)題．由下文可知，本段講述如果你現(xiàn)在吃了很多脂肪，減少并改變你的習(xí)慣．例如，減少多余的脂肪．這包括面包上的黃油，烤土豆上的酸奶油和沙拉醬．

因此推斷本段建議減少不健康的脂肪（Cut

back

on

unhealthy

fat）．故選C．

5．F．考查上下文理解和推理判斷能力．由段落標(biāo)題"Keep

track

of

your

food

intake（攝入量）．"可知，本段建議記錄你的食物攝入量，因此推斷F項(xiàng)：Write

down

what

you

eat

and

drink

every

day．"把你每天吃的和喝的都寫下來

"

符合語境．故選F．

本文是一篇選句填空，屬于健康類說明文．文章主要闡述了五條改善健康的飲食習(xí)慣：1、找出你目前飲食的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)；2、減少不健康的脂肪；3、記錄你的食物攝入量；4、向營(yíng)養(yǎng)師尋求幫助．

七選五文章多是說明文，考查考生對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握．解答這類試題時(shí)要注意運(yùn)用一定的解題技巧：利用上下文所重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞，即詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)原則進(jìn)行判斷，其中包括同義詞、原詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，要注意空前空后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞，尋找答案時(shí)注意在選項(xiàng)中查找同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或者表示同一類事物的詞語等．

21~40.【答案】B、C、D、C、A、B、C、D、B、A、A、D、C、A、B、B、D、A、D、C【解析】（1）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.promising承諾；B.hoping希望；C.hating討厭；D.refusing拒絕。句意：達(dá)克沃斯去年9月上了一年級(jí)，希望學(xué)習(xí)英語。根據(jù)上文"DuckworthattendedfirstgradelastSeptember"和第二段中"she5someonetohelpherlearnEnglish."可知，Duckworth希望學(xué)習(xí)英語。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.forgotten忘記；B.noticed注意到；C.tried嘗試；D.continued繼續(xù)。句意：13年前從韓國(guó)來到美國(guó)的達(dá)克沃斯曾嘗試過私人教師和成人教育。根據(jù)下文"privateteachersandadulteducationclasses"可知，Duckworth嘗試過私人教師和成人教育。故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.happened發(fā)生；C.mattered要緊；D.worked奏效。句意：但沒什么效果。根據(jù)上文和下文"ThenDuckworthcalledChrisneyheadmaster（校長(zhǎng)）LeroyMeyer."可知，Duckworth她嘗試過私人教師輔導(dǎo)和成人教育課，但是都沒有奏效，最后只能向?qū)W校校長(zhǎng)LeroyMeyer救助。故選D項(xiàng)。

（4）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.accept接受；B.remember忘記；C.understand理解；D.believe相信。句意："我?guī)缀趼牪欢脑挘?邁耶說。根據(jù)下文"ThebestIcouldmakeout"可知，校長(zhǎng)聽不懂Duckworth所說的話。故選C項(xiàng)。

（5）A.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.wanted想要；B.invited邀請(qǐng)；C.forced強(qiáng)迫；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。句意：我僅僅能理解她想要有人幫她學(xué)英語。根據(jù)下文"Shewantedtoknow"可知，Duckworth想要一個(gè)人幫助她學(xué)英語。故選A項(xiàng)。

（6）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.school學(xué)校；B.language語言；C.students學(xué)生；D.teachers老師。句意：她想在40歲的時(shí)候?qū)W會(huì)英語，這樣她就可以開自己的公司了。根據(jù)上文"helpherlearnEnglish"可知，Duckworth想要在40歲學(xué)會(huì)英語這門語言。故選B項(xiàng)。

（7）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.deciding決定；B.managing（設(shè)法）完成；C.failing失?。籇.regretting后悔。句意：在為達(dá)克沃斯尋找私人教師失敗之后，邁耶建議她去克里斯尼讀一年級(jí)。根據(jù)下文"MeyersuggestedthatsheattendfirstgradeatChrisney."可知，尋找私人教師失敗了。故選C項(xiàng)。

（8）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.returned返回；B.stopped停止；C.doubted懷疑；D.agreed同意。句意：達(dá)克沃斯立刻同意了。根據(jù)下文"Duckworth'sexperiencesatChrisneyhavebeen（9）_______ones."可知，Duckworth同意了校長(zhǎng)的提議。故選D項(xiàng)。

（9）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.common常見的；B.happy開心的；C.correct正確的；D.awful糟糕的。句意：達(dá)克沃斯在克里斯尼的經(jīng)歷很愉快。根據(jù)下文"Sheisasmuchamotherasaclassmatetotheotherstudents.DuringstoryhourtheysitaroundDuckworth."可知，Duckworth在小學(xué)的生活是開心的。故選B項(xiàng)。

（10）A.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.say說；B.suggest建議；C.report報(bào)道；D.discuss討論。句意：她讓孩子們說"請(qǐng)"和"謝謝"，并在他們需要安慰時(shí)擁抱他們。根據(jù)本句"please"及"thankyou"可知，此處表示說禮貌用語。故選A項(xiàng)。

（11）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.comfort安慰；B.pleasure樂趣；C.advice建議；D.service服務(wù)。句意：她讓孩子們說"請(qǐng)"和"謝謝"，并在他們需要安慰時(shí)擁抱他們。根據(jù)本句"hugs"可知，孩子們需要安慰時(shí)，Duckworth會(huì)給他們擁抱。故選A項(xiàng)。

（12）D.考查副詞及語境理解。A.also也；B.already已經(jīng)；C.only僅僅；D.never從不。句意：達(dá)克沃斯在初中時(shí)學(xué)過英語，但從未學(xué)會(huì)流利地說英語。根據(jù)下文"Sheonceopenedaclothesshop,butherbusinessfailedbecauseofherlanguageproblems."可知，Duckworth從沒有學(xué)習(xí)將英語說流利。故選D項(xiàng)。

（13）C.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.modern現(xiàn)代的；B.same相同的；C.poor不擅長(zhǎng)的；D.simple簡(jiǎn)單的。句意：達(dá)克沃斯說："太多的人因?yàn)槲矣⒄Z說得不好而傷害我。"根據(jù)本句"becauseofherlanguageproblems"可知，Duckworth對(duì)于英語是不熟悉、不擅長(zhǎng)的。故選C項(xiàng)。

（14）A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.down情緒低落的；B.big大的；C.through直通的；D.hot炎熱的。句意：在這里，蹩腳的英語讓我低落。根據(jù)本句"brokenEnglish"可知，蹩腳的英語讓Duckworth感到失落、沮喪。故選A項(xiàng)。

（15）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.ordering命令；B.raising養(yǎng)育；C.changing改變；D.hearing聽見。句意：達(dá)克沃斯知道，她養(yǎng)育西蒙將會(huì)是一種挑戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合本段中的"her4-year-oldson,Simon,ishermainmotivationtolearnEnglish"可知，Duckworth心里明白，對(duì)她來說，英語水平不高，養(yǎng)育兒子將會(huì)有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B項(xiàng)。

（16）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.plans計(jì)劃；B.questions問題；C.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；D.gifts禮物。句意：他會(huì)帶著問題回家，而她必須能夠回答這些問題。根據(jù)下文"Iworrysomedayheasksme,‘Mom,whatisthis？'"可知，兒子開始喜歡問問題。故選B項(xiàng)。

（17）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.thank感謝；B.compare比較；C.follow跟隨；D.answer回答。句意：他會(huì)帶著問題回家，而她必須能夠回答這些問題。根據(jù)語境可知，兒子開始喜歡問問題，母親需要能回答他的那些問題。故選D項(xiàng)。

（18）A.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.tell告訴；B.see看見；C.train訓(xùn)練；D.praise贊揚(yáng)。句意：如果我不能告訴他，我很傷心。根據(jù)本句"I'msad"可知，如果Duckworth不能告訴兒子問題的答案，她會(huì)傷心。故選A項(xiàng)。

（19）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.funnier更有趣的；B.stricter更嚴(yán)厲的；C.kinder更友好的；D.older更年老的。句意：當(dāng)他們看到一個(gè)年紀(jì)大的人去上學(xué)，他們就會(huì)意識(shí)到教育是多么重要。根據(jù)上文"youngstudents"可知，Duckworth比一起上學(xué)的孩子們是年紀(jì)大的。故選D項(xiàng)。

（20）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；B.money錢；C.education教育；D.time時(shí)間。句意：當(dāng)他們看到一個(gè)年紀(jì)大的人去上學(xué)，他們就會(huì)意識(shí)到教育是多么重要。根據(jù)上文"DuckworthishavingagreatinfluenceonyoungstudentsatChrisney"可知，校長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為，如果小學(xué)生看到一個(gè)年齡大的人還來上學(xué)，那他們會(huì)意識(shí)到教育的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)。

本文為一篇記敘文，敘述了35歲的Duckworth在克里斯尼小學(xué)與孩子們一起學(xué)習(xí)英語的故事。

做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時(shí)，要考慮整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時(shí)態(tài)、語法等。答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。

41.【答案】【小題1】heavily【小題2】as【小題3】graduates【小題4】who【小題5】studying【小題6】tomarry【小題7】surprising【小題8】hasincreased【小題9】an【小題10】are【解析】（1）heavily.考查副詞。句意：聯(lián)合國(guó)指出，當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)嚴(yán)重依賴農(nóng)業(yè)。分析句子可知，此處修飾動(dòng)詞depends,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故填heavily。

（2）as.考查介詞。句意：因此，很少有吉爾吉斯人選擇科技作為職業(yè)道路。as表示"作為"符合句意，故填as。

（3）graduates.考查名詞。句意：聯(lián)合國(guó)開發(fā)計(jì)劃署研究了該國(guó)