土木工程英語證書(PEC)考試-結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)詞匯

土木工程英語證書(PEC)考試-構(gòu)造力學(xué)詞匯構(gòu)造力學(xué)structuralmechanics構(gòu)造分析structuralanalysis構(gòu)造動力學(xué)structuraldynamics拱Arch三鉸拱three-hingedarch拋物線拱parabolicarch圓拱circulararch穹頂Dome空間構(gòu)造spacestructure空間桁架spacetruss雪載[荷]snowload風(fēng)載[荷]windload土壓力earthpressure地震載荷earthquakeloading彈簧支座springsupport支座位移supportdisplacement支座沉降supportsettlement超靜定次數(shù)degreeofindeterminacy機(jī)動分析kinematicanalysis結(jié)點(diǎn)法methodofjoints截面法methodofsections結(jié)點(diǎn)力jointforces共軛位移conjugatedisplacement影響線influenceline三彎矩方程three-momentequation單位虛力unitvirtualforce剛度系數(shù)stiffnesscoefficient柔度系數(shù)flexibilitycoefficient力矩分派momentdistribution力矩分派法momentdistributionmethod力矩再分派momentredistribution分派系數(shù)distributionfactor矩陣位移法matridisplacementmethod單元剛度矩陣elementstiffnessmatrix單元應(yīng)變矩陣elementstrainmatrix總體坐標(biāo)globalcoordinates貝蒂定理Bettitheorem高斯--若爾當(dāng)消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod屈曲模態(tài)bucklingmode復(fù)合材料力學(xué)mechanicsofcomposites復(fù)合材料compositematerial纖維復(fù)合材料fibrouscomposite單向復(fù)合材料unidirectionalcomposite泡沫復(fù)合材料foamedcomposite顆粒復(fù)合材料particulatecomposite層板Laminate夾層板sandwichpanel正交層板cross-plylaminate斜交層板angle-plylaminate層片Ply多胞固體cellularsolid膨脹Expansion壓實(shí)Debulk劣化Degradation脫層Delamination脫粘Debond纖維應(yīng)力fiberstress層應(yīng)力plystress層應(yīng)變plystrain層間應(yīng)力interlaminarstress比強(qiáng)度specificstrength強(qiáng)度折減系數(shù)strengthreductionfactor強(qiáng)度應(yīng)力比strength-stressratio橫向剪切模量transverseshearmodulus橫觀各向同性transverseisotropy正交各向異Orthotropy剪滯分析shearlaganalysis短纖維choppedfiber長纖維continuousfiber纖維方向fiberdirection纖維斷裂fiberbreak纖維拔脫fiberpull-out纖維增強(qiáng)fiberreinforcement致密化Densification最小重量設(shè)計(jì)optimumweightdesign網(wǎng)格分析法nettinganalysis混合律ruleofmixture失效準(zhǔn)則failurecriterion蔡--吳失效準(zhǔn)則Tsai-Wufailurecriterion達(dá)格代爾模型Dugdalemodel斷裂力學(xué)fracturemechanics概率斷裂力學(xué)probabilisticfractureMechanics格里菲思理論Griffiththeory線彈性斷裂力學(xué)linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM彈塑性斷裂力學(xué)elastic-plasticfracturemecha-nics,EPFM斷裂Fracture脆性斷裂brittlefracture解理斷裂cleavagefracture蠕變斷裂creepfracture延性斷裂ductilefracture晶間斷裂inter-granularfracture準(zhǔn)解理斷裂quasi-cleavagefracture穿晶斷裂trans-granularfracture裂紋Crack裂縫Flaw缺陷Defect割縫Slit微裂紋Microcrack折裂Kink橢圓裂紋ellipticalcrack深埋裂紋embeddedcrack[錢]幣狀裂紋penny-shapecrack預(yù)制裂紋Precrack短裂紋shortcrack表面裂紋surfacecrack裂紋鈍化crackblunting裂紋分叉crackbranching裂紋閉合crackclosure裂紋前緣crackfront裂紋嘴crackmouth裂紋張開角crackopeningangle,COA裂紋張開位移crackopeningdisplacement,COD裂紋阻力crackresistance裂紋面cracksurface裂紋尖端cracktip裂尖張角cracktipopeningangle,CTOA裂尖張開位移cracktipopeningdisplacement,CTOD裂尖奇異場cracktipsingularityField裂紋擴(kuò)展速率crackgrowthrate穩(wěn)定裂紋擴(kuò)展stablecrackgrowth定常裂紋擴(kuò)展steadycrackgrowth亞臨界裂紋擴(kuò)展subcriticalcrackgrowth裂紋[擴(kuò)展]減速crackretardation止裂crackarrest止裂韌度arresttoughness斷裂類型fracturemode滑開型slidingmode張開型openingmode撕開型tearingmode復(fù)合型mixedmode扯破Tearing扯破模量tearingmodulus斷裂準(zhǔn)則fracturecriterionJ積分J-integralJ阻力曲線J-resistancecurve斷裂韌度fracturetoughness應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子stressintensityfactorHRR場Hutchinson-Rice-RosengrenField守恒積分conservationintegral有效應(yīng)力張量effectivestresstensor應(yīng)變能密度strainenergydensity能量釋放率energyreleaserate內(nèi)聚區(qū)cohesivezone塑性區(qū)plasticzone張拉區(qū)stretchedzone熱影響區(qū)heataffectedzone,HAZ延脆轉(zhuǎn)變溫度brittle-ductiletransitiontemperature剪切帶shearband剪切唇shearlip無損檢測non-destructiveinspection雙邊缺口試件doubleedgenotchedspecimen,DENspecimen單邊缺口試件singleedgenotchedspecimen,SENspecimen三點(diǎn)彎曲試件threepointbendingspecimen,TPBspecimen中心裂紋拉伸試件centercrackedtensionspecimen,CCTspecimen中心裂紋板試件centercrackedpanelspecimen,CCPspecimen緊湊拉伸試件compacttensionspecimen,CTspecimen大范圍屈服largescaleyielding小范圍攻屈服smallscaleyielding韋布爾分布Weibulldistribution帕里斯公式parisformula空穴化Cavitation應(yīng)力腐蝕stresscorrosion概率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)鑒定probabilisticriskassessment,PRA損傷力學(xué)damagemechanics損傷Damage持續(xù)介質(zhì)損傷力學(xué)continuumdamagemechanics細(xì)觀損傷力學(xué)microscopicdamagemechanics累積損傷accumulateddamage脆性損傷brittledamage延性損傷ductiledamage宏觀損傷macroscopicdamage細(xì)觀損傷microscopicdamage微觀損傷microscopicdamage損傷準(zhǔn)則damagecriterion損傷演化方程damageevolutionequation損傷軟化damagesoftening損傷強(qiáng)化damagestrengthening損傷張量damagetensor損傷閾值damagethreshold損傷變量damagevariable損傷矢量damagevector損傷區(qū)damagezone疲勞Fatigue低周疲勞lowcyclefatigue應(yīng)力疲勞stressfatigue隨機(jī)疲勞randomfatigue蠕變疲勞creepfatigue腐蝕疲勞corrosionfatigue疲勞損傷fatiguedamage疲勞失效fatiguefailure疲勞斷裂fatiguefracture疲勞裂紋fatiguecrack疲勞壽命fatiguelife疲勞破壞fatiguerupture疲勞強(qiáng)度fatiguestrength疲勞輝紋fatiguestriations疲勞閾值fatiguethreshold交變載荷alternatingload交變應(yīng)力alternatingstress應(yīng)力幅值stressamplitude應(yīng)變疲勞strainfatigue應(yīng)力循環(huán)stresscycle應(yīng)力比stressratio安全壽命safelife過載效應(yīng)overloadingeffect循環(huán)硬化cyclichardening循環(huán)軟化cyclicsoftening環(huán)境效應(yīng)environmentaleffect裂紋片crackgage裂紋擴(kuò)展crackgrowth,crackPropagation裂紋萌生crackinitiation循環(huán)比cycleratio試驗(yàn)應(yīng)力分析experimentalstressAnalysis工作[應(yīng)變]片active[strain]gage基底材料backingmaterial應(yīng)力計(jì)stressgage零[點(diǎn)]飄移zeroshift,zerodrift應(yīng)變測量strainmeasurement應(yīng)變計(jì)straingage應(yīng)變指示器strainindicator應(yīng)變花strainrosette應(yīng)變敏捷度strainsensitivity機(jī)械式應(yīng)變儀mechanicalstraingage直角應(yīng)變花rectangularrosette引伸儀Extensometer應(yīng)變遙測telemeteringofstrain向敏捷系數(shù)transversegagefactor橫向敏捷度transversesensitivity焊接式應(yīng)變計(jì)weldablestraingage平衡電橋balancedbridge粘貼式應(yīng)變計(jì)bondedstraingage粘貼箔式應(yīng)變計(jì)bondedfoiledgage粘貼絲式應(yīng)變計(jì)bondedwiregage橋路平衡bridgebalancing電容應(yīng)變計(jì)capacitancestraingage賠償片compensationtechnique賠償技術(shù)compensationtechnique基準(zhǔn)電橋referencebridge電阻應(yīng)變計(jì)resistancestraingage溫度自賠償應(yīng)變計(jì)self-temperaturecompensatinggage半導(dǎo)體應(yīng)變計(jì)semiconductorstrainGage集流器slipring應(yīng)變放大鏡strainamplifier疲勞壽命計(jì)fatiguelifegage電感應(yīng)變計(jì)inductance[strain]gage光[測]力學(xué)Photomechanics光彈性Photoelasticity光塑性Photoplasticity楊氏條紋Youngfringe雙折射效應(yīng)birefrigenteffect等位移線contourofequalDisplacement暗條紋darkfringe條紋倍增fringemultiplication干涉條紋interferencefringe等差線Isochromatic等傾線Isoclinic等和線isopachic應(yīng)力光學(xué)定律stress-opticlaw主應(yīng)力跡線Isostatic亮條紋lightfringe光程差opticalpathdifference熱光彈性photo-thermo-elasticity光彈性貼片法photoelasticcoatingMethod光彈性夾片法photoelasticsandwichMethod動態(tài)光彈性dynamicphoto-elasticity空間濾波spatialfiltering空間頻率spatialfrequency起偏鏡Polarizer反射式光彈性儀reflectionpolariscope殘存雙折射效應(yīng)residualbirefringentEffect應(yīng)變條紋值strainfringevalue應(yīng)變光學(xué)敏捷度strain-opticsensitivity應(yīng)力凍結(jié)效應(yīng)stressfreezingeffect應(yīng)力條紋值stressfringevalue應(yīng)力光圖stress-opticpattern臨時(shí)雙折射效應(yīng)temporarybirefringentEffect脈沖全息法pulsedholography透射式光彈性儀transmissionpolariscope實(shí)時(shí)全息干涉法real-timeholographicinterferometry網(wǎng)格法gridmethod全息光彈性法holo-photoelasticity全息圖Hologram全息攝影Holograph全息干涉法holographicinterferometry全息云紋法holographicmoiretechnique全息術(shù)Holography全場分析法whole-fieldanalysis散斑干涉法speckleinterferometry散斑Speckle錯位散斑干涉法speckle-shearinginterferometry,shearography散斑圖Specklegram白光散斑法white-lightspecklemethod云紋干涉法moireinterferometry[疊柵]云紋moirefringe[疊柵]云紋法moiremethod云紋圖moirepattern離面云紋法off-planemoiremethod參照柵referencegrating試件柵specimengrating分析柵analyzergrating面內(nèi)云紋法in-planemoiremethod脆性涂層法brittle-coatingmethod條帶法stripcoatingmethod坐標(biāo)變換transformationofCoordinates計(jì)算構(gòu)造力學(xué)computationalstructuralmechanics加權(quán)殘量法weightedresidualmethod有限差分法finitedifferencemethod有限[單]元法finiteelementmethod配點(diǎn)法pointcollocation里茨法Ritzmethod廣義變分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple最小二乘法leastsquaremethod胡[海昌]一鷲津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple赫林格-賴斯納原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple修正變分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple約束變分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple混合法mixedmethod雜交法hybridmethod邊界解法boundarysolutionmethod有限條法finitestripmethod半解析法semi-analyticalmethod協(xié)調(diào)元conformingelement非協(xié)調(diào)元non-conformingelement混合元mixedelement雜交元hybridelement邊界元boundaryelement強(qiáng)迫邊界條件forcedboundarycondition自然邊界條件naturalboundarycondition離散化Discretization離散系統(tǒng)discretesystem持續(xù)問題continuousproblem廣義位移generalizeddisplacement廣義載荷generalizedload廣義應(yīng)變generalizedstrain廣義應(yīng)力generalizedstress界面變量interfacevariable節(jié)點(diǎn)node,nodalpoint[單]元Element角節(jié)點(diǎn)cornernode邊節(jié)點(diǎn)mid-sidenode內(nèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)internalnode無節(jié)點(diǎn)變量nodelessvariable桿元barelement桁架桿元trusselement梁元beamelement二維元two-dimensionalelement一維元one-dimensionalelement三維元three-dimensionalelement軸對稱元axisymmetricelement板元plateelement殼元shellelement厚板元thickplateelement三角形元triangularelement四邊形元quadrilateralelement四面體元tetrahedralelement曲線元curvedelement二次元quadraticelement線性元linearelement三次元cubicelement四次元quarticelement等參[數(shù)]元isoparametricelement超參數(shù)元super-parametricelement亞參數(shù)元sub-parametricelement節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)可變元variable-number-nodeelement拉格朗日元Lagrangeelement拉格朗日族Lagrangefamily巧湊邊點(diǎn)元serendipityelement巧湊邊點(diǎn)族serendipityfamily無限元infiniteelement單元分析elementanalysis單元特性elementcharacteristics剛度矩陣stiffnessmatrix幾何矩陣geometricmatrix等效節(jié)點(diǎn)力equivalentnodalforce節(jié)點(diǎn)位移nodaldisplacement節(jié)點(diǎn)載荷nodalload位移矢量displacementvector載荷矢量loadvector質(zhì)量矩陣massmatrix集總質(zhì)量矩陣lumpedmassmatrix相容質(zhì)量矩陣consistentmassmatrix阻尼矩陣dampingmatrix瑞利阻尼Rayleighdamping剛度矩陣旳組集assemblyofstiffnessMatrices載荷矢量旳組集consistentmassmatrix質(zhì)量矩陣旳組集assemblyofmassmatrices單元旳組集assemblyofelements局部坐標(biāo)系localcoordinatesystem局部坐標(biāo)localcoordinate面積坐標(biāo)areacoordinates體積坐標(biāo)volumecoordinates曲線坐標(biāo)curvilinearcoordinates靜凝聚staticcondensation協(xié)議變換contragradienttra