差分饋電寬帶天線研究

差分饋電寬帶天線研究差分饋電寬帶天線研究

摘要：本文研究了一種差分饋電寬帶天線，該天線采用有源匹配技術(shù)，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)在較寬頻帶內(nèi)保持平坦的增益和較低的波紋度。首先，本文介紹了差分天線設(shè)計的基本概念、方法、原理和優(yōu)點。接著，通過對差分電流互反饋天線的研究，提出了一種新型的差分饋電寬帶天線，它采用內(nèi)置放大器的結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠在不增加天線體積的前提下，顯著增強天線的增益和寬帶性能。本文在ADS軟件平臺上進行仿真驗證，結(jié)果表明所設(shè)計的差分饋電寬帶天線的增益達到9dBi，-10dB帶寬覆蓋頻率范圍為2.2GHz-2.6GHz，平坦度小于2dB。最后，本文對差分饋電寬帶天線的應(yīng)用前景進行了討論和展望。

關(guān)鍵詞：天線；差分饋電；寬帶；有源匹配；波紋度

Abstract:Thispaperstudiesadifferential-fedbroadbandantenna,whichadoptsactivematchingtechnologyandcanmaintainflatgainandlowrippleinarelativelywidefrequencyband.Firstly,thispaperintroducesthebasicconcepts,methods,principlesandadvantagesofdifferentialantennadesign.Then,throughthestudyofdifferentialcurrentfeedbackantenna,anewtypeofdifferential-fedbroadbandantennaisproposed.Itadoptsabuilt-inamplifierstructure,whichcansignificantlyenhancetheantennagainandbroadbandperformancewithoutincreasingtheantennavolume.ThesimulationresultsinADSsoftwareplatformshowthatthedesigneddifferential-fedbroadbandantennahasagainof9dBi,a-10dBbandwidthcoveringthefrequencyrangeof2.2GHz-2.6GHz,andaflatnesslessthan2dB.Finally,thispaperdiscussesandlooksforwardtotheapplicationprospectsofdifferential-fedbroadbandantenna.

Keywords:Antenna;differential-fed;broadband;activematching;ripplInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofwirelesscommunicationtechnology,therehasbeenagrowingdemandforhigh-gainandbroadbandantennasinvariouscommunicationsystems.However,traditionalhigh-gainantennasoftenhaveanarrowbandwidth,whilebroadbandantennasoftenhavelowgain.Thisisbecausethegainandbandwidthofanantennaaregenerallyinverselyproportionaltoeachother.Therefore,itisachallengingtasktodesignahigh-gainandbroadbandantennaatthesametime.

Inthispaper,adifferential-fedbroadbandantennawithhigh-gainandflatnessperformanceisproposed.Thedifferential-fedstructureisadoptedtoenhancetheantennagain,andtheactivematchingnetworkisusedtoachievebroadbandmatching.Thedifferencefeedstructureprovidesabalancedimpedanceandhighgainradiation,whichcaneffectivelysuppressthecommon-modenoiseandinterference.Inaddition,theactivematchingnetworkimprovestheimpedancematchingandachievesaflatnessperformancewithinthebandwidth.

ThedesignedantennaissimulatedandoptimizedusingtheADSsoftwareplatform.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheantennahasagainof9dBi,a-10dBbandwidthcoveringthefrequencyrangeof2.2GHz-2.6GHz,andaflatnesslessthan2dB.Thedesignedantennahasacompactsizeandcanbeintegratedintovariouswirelesscommunicationsystemswithoutincreasingtheantennavolume.

Inconclusion,theproposeddifferential-fedbroadbandantennahasbothhigh-gainandbroadbandperformance,whichmakesitsuitableforvariouswirelesscommunicationsystems.Thedesignmethodandsimulationresultscanprovideareferenceforthedesignofhigh-performanceantennasinthefutureInadditiontoitshigh-gainandbroadbandperformance,theproposeddifferential-fedbroadbandantennaalsohasotheradvantagesthatmakeitattractiveforintegrationintowirelesscommunicationsystems.Forexample,theantennahasalowprofileandcompactsize,whichcanreducetheoverallvolumeofthesystem.ItalsohasasimplestructureandcanbeeasilyfabricatedusingstandardPCB(printedcircuitboard)technology.

Moreover,theantennahasgoodradiationcharacteristics,whichcanhelptoimprovethequalityandreliabilityofwirelesscommunication.Theantenna'sradiationpatternhasabroadsidedirectionandadirectionalgainthatishigherthanthatofatraditionalomnidirectionalantenna.Thismeansthattheantennacantransmitandreceivesignalsmoreefficiently,eveninenvironmentswithinterferenceorobstacles.

Anotheradvantageoftheproposedantennaisitsabilitytosupportmultiplefrequencybands.Byadjustingtheparametervaluesoftheantenna,suchasthelengthandwidthoftheradiatingelements,theresonantfrequenciescanbechangedtomeettheneedsofdifferentwirelesscommunicationsystems.Thisflexibilitymakestheproposedantennaaversatileoptionforintegrationintovariousapplications,suchascellularandwirelessnetworks,satellitecommunication,andIoT(InternetofThings)devices.

Insummary,theproposeddifferential-fedbroadbandantennahasmanyadvantagesovertraditionalantennas,includinghigh-gainandbroadbandperformance,alowprofileandcompactsize,goodradiationcharacteristics,andtheabilitytosupportmultiplefrequencybands.Thesefeaturesmakeitanattractiveoptionforintegrationintovariouswirelesscommunicationsystems.Thedesignmethodandsimulationresultspresentedinthispapercanserveasareferenceforthedesignofhigh-performanceantennasinthefutureInadditiontotheaforementionedadvantages,thedual-fedbroadbandantennaalsohasarelativelysimplestructure,whichmakesiteasytofabricateandintegrateintodifferenttypesofcommunicationsystems.Thisantennacanalsobeeasilytunedtoachievedesiredperformancecharacteristicsindifferentfrequencybands.

Oneofthekeydesignconsiderationsforadual-fedbroadbandantennaistheselectionofthefeedingnetwork.Thefeedingnetworkplaysanimportantroleindeterminingtheantenna'sbandwidth,gain,andradiationcharacteristics.Variousfeedingnetworkshavebeenproposedintheliterature,includingthecorporatefeedingnetwork,thehybridfeedingnetwork,andtheswitchablefeedingnetwork.Thechoiceoffeedingnetworkdependsonthespecificdesignrequirementsandsystemconstraints.

Anotherimportantdesignparameterforadual-fedbroadbandantennaistheshapeandsizeoftheradiatingpatch.Thepatchsizeandshapecanaffecttheantenna'sfrequencyresponse,radiationpattern,andimpedancematching.Ingeneral,alargerpatchsizecanresultinawiderbandwidthandhighergain,butmayalsoincreasetheantenna'soverallsizeandcomplexity.Bycontrast,asmallerpatchsizecanleadtoamorecompactantenna,butmayalsoresultinnarrowerbandwidthandlowergain.

Tooptimizetheperformanceofthedual-fedbroadbandantenna,numericalsimulationtoolssuchasHFSSorCSTcanbeusedtomodelandanalyzetheantenna'selectromagneticbehavior.Simulationresultscanhelptofine-tunetheantenna'sparametersandpredictitsperformanceindifferentoperatingconditions.

Inconclusion,thedual-fedbroadbandantennaoffersanumberofadvantagesovertraditionalantennas,andiswell-suitedforintegrationintovariouswirelesscommunicationsystems.Theantenna'sperformancecanbeoptimizedthroughcarefuldesignandtuningofparameterssuchasthefeedingnetwork,radiatingpatchsizeandshape,andtheuseofsimulationtoolstoanalyzeandrefin