初中英語語法課件專題十一賓語從句和定語從句

專題十一賓語從句和定語從句一、賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)①主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)②主句是過去時(shí),從句使用過去時(shí)的某種形式③從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時(shí),不管主句使用什么時(shí)態(tài),從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)語序從句一律用陳述語序,即主語+謂語連接詞①that在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略;作主語時(shí)不能省略②what,when,where,how,whatever,whenever,wherever,who,whom,whose等特殊疑問詞作連接詞③當(dāng)賓語從句由一般疑問句變化而來時(shí),連接詞用whether或if,表示“是否”人稱一隨主,二隨賓,三不變【溫馨提示】賓語從句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句的謂語是think,believe,guess,suppose等表示“認(rèn)為、相信、猜想、期望”等意思的動(dòng)詞時(shí),主句的主語是第一人稱,且時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來?！炯磳W(xué)活用】1.—Doyouknow__________theywillhavethemeeting?—Tomorrowmorning.2.—Iwonder__________Imayhaveawordwithyou.—Yes,ofcourse.3.—DidyouhaveagoodtimeinZibo?—Comeandhavealook.Myphotoswillshowyouwhatthetrip____(be)like.4.—Couldyoupleasetellme______youwillgotoHongKongonbusiness?—Sure.Iprefertotakeaplane.5.—Excuseme,Madam.Couldyoupleasetellme__________thebusarrives?—Sure.At9:00.答案:1.when

2.if/whether

3.was

4.how

5.when二、定語從句1.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法。作主語作賓語作定語指人who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose指物which/thatwhich/that/省略whose2.關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況。(1)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。(2)先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)。(3)先行詞為all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)。(4)先行詞為數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。3.關(guān)系副詞的用法。用法例句when表示時(shí)間,在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,其先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞(year,season,day等)Istillrememberthedayswhenweworkedtogether.我仍然記得我們?cè)谝黄鸸ぷ鞯娜兆?。where表示地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(place,school,room等)Thisistheschoolwhereweoncestudied.這就是我們?cè)?jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過的學(xué)校。why表示原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語,其先行詞只有表示原因的reason一詞Canyoutellmethereasonwhyhehasn’tcomehere?你能告訴我他不來這兒的原因嗎?【巧學(xué)妙記】定語從句的用法主句型,從句型,兩種句子要完整。從句緊跟先行詞,關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)要弄清。定人要用who或whom,定物which當(dāng)先用。關(guān)系代詞用that,定人定物有本領(lǐng)。when用來定時(shí)間,where用來定地點(diǎn)。關(guān)系代詞作成分,唯作賓語可省略?！炯磳W(xué)活用】1.—Whatkindofbooksdoyoulike?—Ilikethebooks_______areaboutpowerfulandsuccessfulpeople.2.Ithinkthefirstlesson________wearelearningisveryeasy.3.Everyone_______hasbeentoShanghaisaysitisamoderncity.4.—NowadaysWeChatisverypopularamongfriends.—Yes.Itseemstobethebestwayofcommunication_____peoplelike.5.—Doyouknowtheman________T-shirtisblue